An adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device and its use method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device and a method for using the same. The device is composed of a guide rail, a left-direction wedge-shaped slider, a right-direction wedge-shaped slider, a base, a connecting rod group, and a reset spring. The left and right-direction wedge-shaped sliders are arranged on both sides of the base and are connected to the base through a connecting rod group and a reset spring to form a six-bar mechanism motion relationship, so that the left and right-direction wedge-shaped sliders can support each other and transfer loads when the guide rail is active, thereby achieving bidirectional engagement between the guide rail and the base; when the base is active, the left and right-direction wedge-shaped sliders can be simultaneously unwedged by the base, thereby achieving bidirectional separation of the movement of the guide rail and the base. The adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device of the present invention does not require any additional operating mechanism and can automatically engage or disengage in both directions according to the speed change or rotation direction change of the master and slave components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission systems, and in particular to an adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device and a method of using the same. Background Art

[0002] The overrunning clutch is one of the basic components of mechanical transmission. It is a clutch that automatically engages or disengages as the speed of the master and driven parts changes or the direction of rotation changes. It is widely used in packaging machinery, food machinery, light industrial machinery, agricultural machinery, metallurgy and mining, petrochemical industry, machine tools, automobiles, weapons, aviation, power stations and other mechanical equipment.

[0003] According to the working principle, overrunning clutches can be divided into mosaic type (wedge type) and friction type.

[0004] The wedge-type overrunning clutch has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has high reliability, but there is impact and noise when engaging, and it is often used in situations where the speed difference is small.

[0005] The friction overrunning clutch engages smoothly without impact, has a short idle stroke, can engage at any speed, and is widely used. Its transmission torque range is from 1 to 100,000 Nm.

[0006] Currently, all bidirectional overrunning clutches available in the domestic and international markets are of the controlled rotation type. However, in some specific applications, a device capable of bidirectional automatic engagement and disengagement in a linear motion is required. For example, the running gear of a conventional electromagnetic levitation train consists of multiple sets of continuous suspension modules. During the train's operation, each suspension module must be able to coordinate its movement and automatically adapt to track changes. On straight routes, the suspension modules can self-lock in both directions to resist wind loads and prevent the train from overturning. On curved routes, the suspension modules can automatically adjust their lateral position, automatically separating from the train car, allowing the train to smoothly negotiate curves.

[0007] However, due to technical limitations, there is currently no reliable lateral support device that can achieve the above functions. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and to provide an adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear engagement and disengagement device and its use method. The device does not require any additional operating mechanism and can automatically engage or disengage according to the speed change or rotation direction change of the master and driven components.

[0009] When the guide rail is active, v1 ≥ v4 or v4 = 0, the guide rail and the base are automatically engaged in both directions;

[0010] When the base is active, v4 ≥ v1, the base and the guide rail are automatically separated in both directions.

[0011] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0012] An adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device includes a guide rail, a left-direction wedge-shaped slider, a right-direction wedge-shaped slider, a base, a return spring, and a connecting rod group. The base is provided with a boss, the guide rail passes through the boss, and the left-direction wedge-shaped slider and the right-direction wedge-shaped slider are provided on both sides of the boss.

[0013] The guide rail, the left wedge-shaped slider, and the right wedge-shaped slider are arranged above the base. The left wedge-shaped slider and the right wedge-shaped slider are slidably connected to the guide rail. The wedge-shaped channels of the left wedge-shaped slider and the right wedge-shaped slider are open to each other. The left wedge-shaped slider and the right wedge-shaped slider can move relative to each other in one direction within a certain range along the guide rail.

[0014] The return spring is arranged inside the boss, one end of the return spring is connected to the left wedge-shaped slider, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the right wedge-shaped slider. The return spring is used to make the left wedge-shaped slider and the right wedge-shaped slider fit with the boss on the base, and at the same time, make the left wedge-shaped slider and the right wedge-shaped slider automatically return to their initial state when the external force is removed;

[0015] The connecting rod group is installed on the boss, and there are two connecting rod groups. The connecting rod groups are arranged on the front and rear sides of the left wedge slider and the right wedge slider. One end of the two connecting rod groups is connected to the left wedge slider, and the other end of the connecting rod group is connected to the right wedge slider.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the left-hand wedge-shaped slider, the base, the connecting rod group, and the right-hand wedge-shaped slider are connected to form a six-bar mechanism, so that the components of the adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device become a coordinated whole.

[0017] When the guide rail is active and v1 ≥ v4 or v4 = 0, the left wedge slider and the right wedge slider support each other through the connecting rod group to transfer the load;

[0018] When the base is active and v4 ≥ v1, the connecting rod group coordinates the movement relationship between the left-hand wedge slider, the right-hand wedge slider and the base so that there is no movement interference between the three during the unlocking process. The base releases the engagement relationship between the left-hand wedge slider and the right-hand wedge slider and the guide rail respectively, thereby realizing bidirectional automatic engagement and disengagement, where v1 is the movement speed of the bidirectional ratchet guide rail and v4 is the movement speed of the base.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the base also includes a bottom plate and a de-wedge pin seat, a boss and four de-wedge pin seats are provided above the bottom plate, one end of the left-pointing wedge-shaped slider is connected to the boss, and the other end of the left-pointing wedge-shaped slider is provided with two de-wedge pin seats, one end of the right-pointing wedge-shaped slider is connected to the boss, and the other end of the right-pointing wedge-shaped slider is provided with two de-wedge pin seats, and the boss is slidably connected to the guide rail.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the de-wedge pin seat includes a support plate, a de-wedge pin, a left limiting surface and a right limiting surface. The support plate is fixed above the base plate, and the left limiting surface and the right limiting surface are respectively provided on both sides of the support plate. The support plate is provided with a de-wedge pin, and the four de-wedge pins are respectively inserted into the wedge-shaped channels of the left wedge slider or the right wedge slider. When the base moves to the right, the left wedge slider is de-wedged; when the base moves to the left, the right wedge slider is de-wedged.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the boss is composed of a front side plate, a lower base plate and a rear side plate to form a U-shaped structure, the front side plate, the lower base plate and the rear side plate are surrounded on both sides of the guide rail, the lower base plate is connected to the base plate, and the planes opposite to the front side plate and the rear side plate are provided with a return spring groove, a lock buckle, an upper guide surface and a lower guide surface, the lock buckle is arranged above the upper guide surface, the return spring groove is arranged between the upper guide surface and the lower guide surface, the return spring is installed in the return spring groove, the front side plate and the rear side plate are provided with a connecting rod slot, the connecting rod slot is vertically arranged, and the connecting rod group is connected to the connecting rod slot;

[0022] The top end of the connecting rod slot is the upper limit position, and the bottom end of the connecting rod slot is the lower limit position. The distance between the upper limit position and the lower limit position is equal to the travel range of the connecting rod group.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the guide rail includes a guide rail plate, an upper load-bearing bar and a lower guide bar. The bottom end of the guide rail plate is connected to the lower base plate of the boss. Upper load-bearing bars and lower guide bars are provided at the front and rear of the guide rail plate. The upper load-bearing bars and lower guide bars are provided at the upper and lower sides of the guide rail plate. There is a guide channel in the middle of the upper load-bearing bar and the lower guide bar. The upper load-bearing bar is connected to the upper guide surface, and the lower guide bar is connected to the lower guide surface, so that the base can move in a bidirectional straight line along the guide rail.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the left-pointing wedge-shaped sliding block includes a left front wedge-shaped groove, a left rear wedge-shaped groove, a left front push rod seat, a left rear push rod seat and a left connecting plate.

[0025] The left front wedge-shaped groove, the left connecting plate and the left rear wedge-shaped groove form a U-shaped structure, which is surrounded on both sides of the guide rail and forms a wedge-shaped channel with the guide rail, and moves leftward along the guide rail.

[0026] The left front push rod seat, the left connecting plate and the left rear push rod seat form a U-shaped structure, which is surrounded on both sides of the guide rail and forms a wedge-shaped channel with the guide rail, and moves leftward along the guide rail.

[0027] The left connecting plate is connected to the bottom plate, and the left front wedge-shaped slide plate and the left rear wedge-shaped slide plate are both provided with a left roller. In the reset state, the de-wedge pin on the base maintains a gap with the left roller, and the gap between the left limiting surface of the de-wedge pin seat on the base and the end face of the left wedge-shaped slider is greater than the gap between the de-wedge pin and the left roller.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, the left front wedge-shaped groove and the left rear wedge-shaped groove are both provided with a left wedge-shaped surface and a left lock buckle. The left wedge-shaped surface is provided on the surface opposite to the left front wedge-shaped groove or the left rear wedge-shaped groove. When the base moves to the right, the de-wedge pin pushes the left roller into the loose space of the left front wedge-shaped groove or the left rear wedge-shaped groove, so that the left roller is out of contact with the guide rail and the left wedge surface of the left-direction wedge-shaped slider, thereby de-wedge.

[0029] The left lock buckle is arranged at the top of the left front wedge groove or the left rear wedge groove. The left lock buckle is connected to the upper load-bearing bar to form a closed-loop wedge-shaped channel to withstand the normal force generated by the wedging of the left roller. The left-facing wedge-shaped slider is constrained by the wedging relationship and can move to the left along the guide rail.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the left front push rod seat and the left rear push rod seat are both provided with a left push rod, a left spring, a left plug, a left return spring hook, a left slider connecting rod hole, a left upper guide surface and a left lower guide surface. The left push rod and the left plug are arranged inside the left front push rod seat or the left rear push rod seat, and a left spring is provided between the left push rod and the left plug. In the unlocked state, the left roller is subjected to the spring force applied by the left spring in the left front push rod seat and the left rear push rod seat, and contacts with the guide rail and the left wedge surface to form a wedging engagement, so that the left-directed wedge slider can only move leftward along the guide rail.

[0031] The upper left guide surface is arranged above the left front push rod seat or the left rear push rod seat, the lower left guide surface is arranged below the left front push rod seat or the left rear push rod seat, the left return spring hook is arranged at one end of the left front push rod seat or the left rear push rod seat, and the left slider connecting rod hole is arranged at the other end of the left front push rod seat or the left rear push rod seat.

[0032] One end of the connecting rod group passes through the connecting rod hole of the left slider, the upper left guide surface is slidably connected to the upper bearing bar, the lower left guide surface is slidably connected to the lower guide bar, and one end of the return spring is connected to the left return spring hook. The return spring is used to make the left front push rod seat, the left connecting plate and the left rear push rod seat fit with the front side plate, the lower bottom plate and the rear side plate of the boss respectively, and at the same time make the left wedge-shaped slider automatically return to its initial state when the external force is withdrawn.

[0033] The upper left guide surface and the lower left guide surface constitute the guide surfaces of the left-pointing wedge-shaped sliding block, so that the left-pointing wedge-shaped sliding block moves linearly in the guide channel of the guide rail.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the right-pointing wedge-shaped sliding block includes a right front wedge-shaped groove, a right rear wedge-shaped groove, a right front push rod seat, a right rear push rod seat and a right connecting plate.

[0035] The right front wedge groove, the right connecting plate and the right rear wedge groove form a U-shaped structure, which is surrounded on both sides of the guide rail and forms a wedge-shaped channel with the guide rail, and moves rightward along the guide rail.

[0036] The right front push rod seat, the right connecting plate and the right rear push rod seat form a U-shaped structure, which is surrounded on both sides of the guide rail and forms a wedge-shaped channel with the guide rail, and moves rightward along the guide rail.

[0037] The right connecting plate is connected to the bottom plate, and the right front wedge-shaped slide plate and the right rear wedge-shaped slide plate are both provided with right rollers. In the reset state, the de-wedge pin on the base maintains a gap with the right roller, and the gap between the right limiting surface of the de-wedge pin seat on the base and the end face of the right-directed wedge-shaped slider is greater than the gap between the de-wedge pin and the right roller.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the right front wedge-shaped groove and the right rear wedge-shaped groove are both provided with a right wedge-shaped surface and a right lock buckle. The right wedge-shaped surface is provided on the surface opposite to the right front wedge-shaped groove or the right rear wedge-shaped groove. When the base moves to the left, the de-wedge pin pushes the right roller into the loose space of the right front wedge-shaped groove or the right rear wedge-shaped groove, so that the right roller is out of contact with the guide rail and the right wedge surface of the right-direction wedge-shaped slider, thereby de-wedge.

[0039] The right lock buckle is arranged at the top of the right front wedge groove or the right rear wedge groove. The right lock buckle is connected to the upper load-bearing bar to form a closed-loop wedge-shaped channel to withstand the normal force generated by the wedging of the right roller. The right-facing wedge-shaped slider is constrained by the wedging relationship and can move rightward along the guide rail.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, the right front push rod seat and the right rear push rod seat are both provided with a right push rod, a right spring, a right plug, a right return spring hook, a right slider connecting rod hole, a right upper guide surface and a right lower guide surface. The right push rod and the right plug are arranged inside the right front push rod seat or the right rear push rod seat, and a right spring is provided between the right push rod and the right plug. In the unlocked state, the right roller is subjected to the spring force applied by the right spring in the right front push rod seat and the right rear push rod seat, contacts the guide rail and the right wedge surface and forms a wedging engagement, so that the right-directed wedge slider can only move rightward along the guide rail.

[0041] The right upper guide surface is arranged above the right front push rod seat or the right rear push rod seat, the right lower guide surface is arranged below the right front push rod seat or the right rear push rod seat, the right return spring hook is arranged at one end of the right front push rod seat or the right rear push rod seat, and the right slider connecting rod hole is arranged at the other end of the right front push rod seat or the right rear push rod seat.

[0042] One end of the connecting rod group passes through the connecting rod hole of the right slider, the right upper guide surface is slidably connected to the upper bearing bar, the right lower guide surface is slidably connected to the lower guide bar, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the right return spring hook. The return spring is used to make the right front push rod seat, the right connecting plate and the right rear push rod seat fit with the front side plate, the lower bottom plate and the rear side plate of the boss respectively, and at the same time make the right wedge-shaped slider automatically return to its initial state when the external force is withdrawn.

[0043] The upper right guide surface and the lower right guide surface constitute the guide surfaces of the right-hand wedge-shaped slider, so that the right-hand wedge-shaped slider moves linearly in the guide channel of the guide rail.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, the connecting rod assembly includes a left slider connecting rod, a right slider connecting rod and a connecting rod pin, one end of the connecting rod pin is hinged to the left slider connecting rod and the right slider connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod pin passes through a connecting rod slot, and the connecting rod pin can slide up and down in the connecting rod slot.

[0045] The distance between the upper limit and the lower limit of the connecting rod slide is equal to the travel range of the connecting rod pin. The travel range must not only ensure the unlocking requirement of the de-wedge pin seat, but also prevent the mechanism from having a dead point. When the connecting rod pin is at the lower limit, the device is in a reset state, and the guide rail is engaged with the base; when the connecting rod pin is at the upper limit, the device is in an unlocked state, and the guide rail is separated from the base.

[0046] The left slider connecting rod is connected to the left slider connecting rod hole, and the right slider connecting rod is connected to the right slider connecting rod hole.

[0047] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for using an adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0048] S1, reset state:

[0049] The guide rail keeps in contact with the left roller and the right roller on the left wedge-shaped slider and the right wedge-shaped slider and does not hang in the air. The gaps between the wedge-releasing pin of the base and the left roller and the right roller are uniform. The gaps between the left limit surface and the right limit surface and the end faces of the left wedge-shaped slider and the right wedge-shaped slider are uniform. The end faces of the left wedge-shaped slider and the right wedge-shaped slider are in close contact with the boss of the base. The connecting rod pin of the connecting rod group is in the lower limit position of the connecting rod slot of the base.

[0050] S2, engaged state, guide rail moves rightward, base follows, v1 ≥ v4 or v4 = 0:

[0051] The guide rail acts on the right roller of the right wedge-shaped slider, causing the right roller to move slightly toward the narrow direction of the wedge-shaped channel. The right roller is wedged tightly, and the right wedge-shaped slider tends to move in the same direction. The left wedge-shaped slider fits the end face of the base, so the left wedge-shaped slider and the base maintain the same movement state.

[0052] Under the coordinated action of the six-bar mechanism composed of the left wedge slider, the right wedge slider, the left slider connecting rod, the right slider connecting rod, the base and the connecting rod sliding groove, the base is relatively fixed, and the left wedge slider is restricted by the base and is also relatively fixed. Therefore, the right wedge slider transmits the force of the guide rail to the base through the following force transmission path: guide rail → right roller → right wedge slider → right slider connecting rod → left slider connecting rod → left wedge slider → base, thereby realizing automatic engagement between the base and the guide rail;

[0053] S3, engaged state, guide rail moves to the left, base follows, v1 ≥ v4 or v4 = 0:

[0054] The guide rail acts on the left roller on the left wedge-shaped slider, causing the left roller to move slightly toward the narrow direction of the wedge-shaped channel. The left roller is wedged tightly, and the left wedge-shaped slider tends to rotate in the same direction. The right wedge-shaped slider fits the end face of the base, so the right wedge-shaped slider and the base maintain the same motion state.

[0055] Under the coordinated action of the six-bar mechanism composed of the left wedge slider, the right wedge slider, the left slider connecting rod, the right slider connecting rod, the base and the connecting rod slot, the base is relatively fixed, and the right wedge slider is restricted by the base and is also relatively fixed. Therefore, the left wedge slider transmits the force of the guide rail to the base through the following force transmission path: guide rail → left roller → left wedge slider → left slider connecting rod → right slider connecting rod → right wedge slider → base, thereby realizing automatic engagement between the base and the guide rail;

[0056] S4, separation state: the base moves to the right, the guide rail is driven, v4 ≥ v1:

[0057] The base pushes the right wedge-shaped slider to move in the same direction, and the right roller moves slightly toward the loose direction of the wedge-shaped channel. The right wedge-shaped slider and the guide rail are naturally unwedged, while the left wedge-shaped slider and the guide rail are still in a wedged state. The base cannot drive the left wedge-shaped slider to move in the same direction, and the left wedge-shaped slider is temporarily relatively fixed.

[0058] After the de-wedge pin on the base contacts the left roller on the left wedge-shaped slider, the left roller is pushed into the loose space of the wedge-shaped channel, releasing the wedging relationship between the left wedge-shaped slider and the guide rail. The left wedge-shaped slider is disengaged from the guide rail, realizing the two-way automatic separation of the base and the guide rail;

[0059] S5, separation state: the base moves to the left, the guide rail is driven, v4 ≥ 1:

[0060] The base pushes the left wedge-shaped slider to move in the same direction, and the left roller moves slightly toward the loose direction of the wedge-shaped channel. The left wedge-shaped slider and the guide rail are naturally unwedged, while the right wedge-shaped slider and the guide rail are still in a wedged state. The base cannot drive the right wedge-shaped slider to move in the same direction, and the right wedge-shaped slider is temporarily relatively fixed.

[0061] After the wedge-releasing pin on the base acts on the right roller on the right-hand wedge-shaped slider and contacts it, the right roller is pushed into the loose space of the wedge-shaped channel, releasing the wedging relationship between the right-hand wedge-shaped slider and the guide rail. The right-hand wedge-shaped slider is disengaged from the guide rail, realizing two-way automatic separation of the base and the guide rail.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0063] The present invention provides an adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear engagement and disengagement device, which does not require any additional operating mechanism and can automatically engage or disengage according to the speed change or rotation direction change of the master and slave components. The details are as follows:

[0064] When the guide rail is active, v1 ≥ v4 or v4 = 0, the guide rail and the base are automatically engaged in both directions, and the left-hand wedge slider and the right-hand wedge slider support each other through the connecting rod group to transmit the load;

[0065] When the base is active, v4 ≥ v1, the base and the guide rail automatically separate in both directions, and the connecting rod group coordinates the movement relationship between the left wedge slider, the right wedge slider and the base, so that there is no movement interference between the three during the unlocking process. The base releases the engagement relationship between the left wedge slider and the right wedge slider and the guide rail respectively, thereby realizing two-way automatic engagement and separation, among which v1 is the movement speed of the two-way ratchet guide rail, and v4 is the movement speed of the base.

[0066] The adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear joining and separation device of the present invention has technical characteristics such as simple structure, reliable operation, and wide application range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] Figure 1 It is a simplified assembly diagram of the technical solution of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 2 A simplified structural diagram of the guide rail of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the left-pointing wedge-shaped slider of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the right-pointing wedge-shaped slider of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wedge-shaped groove of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the push rod seat of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the base of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 8Schematic diagram of the connection relationship and gap of the connecting rod group of the present invention.

[0075] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0076] 1. Guide rail, 11. Guide rail plate, 12. Upper bearing bar, 13. Lower guide bar,

[0077] 2. Left wedge-shaped slider, 21. Left front wedge-shaped groove, 22. Left rear wedge-shaped groove, 211. Left wedge-shaped surface, 212. Left lock, 23. Left front push rod seat, 24. Left rear push rod seat, 221. Left push rod, 222. Left spring, 223. Left block, 224. Left return spring hook, 225. Left slider connecting rod hole, 226. Left upper guide surface, 227. Left lower guide surface, 25. Left connecting plate, 26. Left roller,

[0078] 3. Right wedge-shaped slider, 31. Right front wedge-shaped groove, 32. Right rear wedge-shaped groove, 311. Right wedge-shaped surface, 312. Right lock, 33. Right front push rod seat, 34. Right rear push rod seat, 321. Right push rod, 322. Right spring, 323. Right plug, 324. Right return spring hook, 325. Right slider connecting rod hole, 326. Right upper guide surface, 327. Right lower guide surface, 35. Right connecting plate, 36. Right roller,

[0079] 4. Base, 41. Bottom plate, 411. Return spring slot, 412. Connecting rod slide, 413. Upper limit, 414. Lower limit, 415. Lock, 416. Upper guide surface, 417. Lower guide surface, 42. De-wedge pin seat, 421. Support plate, 422. De-wedge pin, 423. Left limit surface, 424. Right limit surface,

[0080] 5. Return spring, 6. Connecting rod assembly, 61. Left slider connecting rod, 62. Right slider connecting rod, 63. Connecting rod pin,

[0081] δ, the gap between the de-wedge pin and the left roller (right roller), α, the initial angle between the left slider connecting rod (right slider connecting rod) and the horizontal plane, △, the gap between the left limit surface of the de-wedge pin seat and the end face of the left wedge-shaped slider (the gap between the right limit surface of the de-wedge pin seat and the end face of the right wedge-shaped slider). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0083] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inside," and "outside" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0084] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0085] Example

[0086] See also Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment provides an adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device, comprising a guide rail 1, a left-direction wedge-shaped slider 2, a right-direction wedge-shaped slider 3, a base 4, a return spring 5, and a connecting rod assembly 6. The base 4 is provided with a boss, the guide rail 1 passes through the boss, and the left-direction wedge-shaped slider 2 and the right-direction wedge-shaped slider 3 are provided on both sides of the boss.

[0087] The guide rail 1, the left wedge-shaped slider 2, and the right wedge-shaped slider 3 are arranged above the base 4. The left wedge-shaped slider 2 and the right wedge-shaped slider 3 are slidably connected to the guide rail 1. The wedge-shaped channels of the left wedge-shaped slider 2 and the right wedge-shaped slider 3 are open to each other. The left wedge-shaped slider 2 and the right wedge-shaped slider 3 can move relative to each other in one direction within a certain range along the guide rail 1.

[0088] The return spring 5 is arranged inside the boss, and one end of the return spring 5 is connected to the left wedge-shaped slider 2, and the other end of the return spring 5 is connected to the right wedge-shaped slider 3. The return spring 5 is used to make the left wedge-shaped slider 2 and the right wedge-shaped slider 3 fit with the boss on the base 4, and at the same time, make the left wedge-shaped slider 2 and the right wedge-shaped slider 3 automatically return to their initial state when the external force is removed;

[0089] The connecting rod group 6 is installed on the boss, and there are two groups of connecting rod groups 6. The connecting rod groups 6 are arranged on the front and rear sides of the left wedge slider 2 and the right wedge slider 3. One end of the two groups of connecting rod groups 6 is connected to the left wedge slider 2, and the other end of the connecting rod group 6 is connected to the right wedge slider 3.

[0090] In this embodiment, the left-hand wedge-shaped slider 2, base 4, connecting rod group 6 and right-hand wedge-shaped slider 3 are connected to form a six-bar mechanism, so that the various components of the adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device become a coordinated whole.

[0091] When the guide rail 1 is active and v1 ≥ v4 or v4 = 0, the left wedge slider 2 and the right wedge slider 3 support each other through the connecting rod group 6 to transfer the load;

[0092] When the base 4 is active and v4 ≥ v1, the connecting rod group 6 coordinates the movement relationship between the left wedge slider 2, the right wedge slider 3 and the base 4, so that there is no movement interference between the three during the unlocking process. The base 4 releases the engagement relationship between the left wedge slider 2 and the right wedge slider 3 and the guide rail 1, thereby realizing bidirectional automatic engagement and disengagement, wherein v1 is the movement speed of the bidirectional ratchet guide rail 1, and v4 is the movement speed of the base 4.

[0093] In this embodiment, the base 4 also includes a bottom plate 41 and a de-wedge pin seat 42. A boss and four de-wedge pin seats 42 are provided above the bottom plate 41. One end of the left-pointing wedge-shaped slider 2 is connected to the boss, and the other end of the left-pointing wedge-shaped slider 2 is provided with two de-wedge pin seats 42. One end of the right-pointing wedge-shaped slider 3 is connected to the boss, and the other end of the right-pointing wedge-shaped slider 3 is provided with two de-wedge pin seats 42. The boss is slidably connected to the guide rail 1.

[0094] In this embodiment, the de-wedge pin seat 42 includes a support plate 421, a de-wedge pin 422, a left limiting surface 423 and a right limiting surface 424. The support plate 421 is fixed above the base plate 41. The left limiting surface 423 and the right limiting surface 424 are on both sides of the support plate 421. The de-wedge pin 422 is provided on the support plate 421. The four de-wedge pins 422 are respectively inserted into the wedge-shaped channels of the left wedge slider 2 or the right wedge slider 3. When the base 4 moves to the right, the left wedge slider 2 is de-wedged; when the base 4 moves to the left, the right wedge slider 3 is de-wedged.

[0095] In this embodiment, the boss is composed of a front side plate, a lower bottom plate and a rear side plate to form a U-shaped structure. The front side plate, the lower bottom plate and the rear side plate are surrounded on both sides of the guide rail 1. The lower bottom plate is connected to the bottom plate 41. The front side plate and the rear side plate are provided with a return spring groove 411, a lock buckle 415, an upper guide surface 416 and a lower guide surface 417 on the plane opposite to each other. The lock buckle 415 is provided above the upper guide surface 416. The return spring groove 411 is provided between the upper guide surface 416 and the lower guide surface 417. The return spring 5 is installed in the return spring groove 411. The front side plate and the rear side plate are provided with a connecting rod slot 412. The connecting rod slot 412 is vertically arranged, and the connecting rod group 6 is connected to the connecting rod slot 412.

[0096] The top end of the connecting rod slot 412 is an upper limit position 413 , and the bottom end of the connecting rod slot 412 is a lower limit position 414 . The distance between the upper limit position 413 and the lower limit position 414 is equal to the travel range of the connecting rod assembly 6 .

[0097] In this embodiment, the guide rail 1 includes a guide rail plate 11, an upper load-bearing bar 12 and a lower guide bar 13. The bottom end of the guide rail plate 11 is connected to the lower base plate of the boss. The guide rail plate 11 is provided with an upper load-bearing bar 12 and a lower guide bar 13 at the front and back. The upper load-bearing bar 12 and the lower guide bar 13 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the guide rail plate 11. The middle of the upper load-bearing bar 12 and the lower guide bar 13 is a guide channel. The upper load-bearing bar 12 is connected to the upper guide surface 416, and the lower guide bar 13 is connected to the lower guide surface 417, so that the base 4 can move in a bidirectional straight line along the guide rail 1.

[0098] In this embodiment, the left-pointing wedge-shaped slider 2 includes a left front wedge-shaped slot 21, a left rear wedge-shaped slot 22, a left front push rod seat 23, a left rear push rod seat 24 and a left connecting plate 25.

[0099] The left front wedge-shaped groove 21, the left connecting plate 25 and the left rear wedge-shaped groove 22 form a U-shaped structure, which surrounds both sides of the guide rail 1 and forms a wedge-shaped channel with the guide rail 1, and moves leftward along the guide rail 1.

[0100] The left front push rod seat 23, the left connecting plate 25 and the left rear push rod seat 24 form a U-shaped structure, which is surrounded on both sides of the guide rail 1 and forms a wedge-shaped channel with the guide rail 1. It moves leftward along the guide rail 1.

[0101] The left connecting plate 25 is connected to the bottom plate 41, and the left front wedge-shaped slide plate 21 and the left rear wedge-shaped slide plate 22 are both provided with a left roller 26. In the reset state, the de-wedge pin 422 on the base 4 maintains a gap δ with the left roller 26, and the gap △ between the left limiting surface 423 of the de-wedge pin seat 42 on the base 4 and the end face of the left wedge-shaped slider 2 is greater than the gap δ between the de-wedge pin 422 and the left roller 26.

[0102] In this embodiment, the left front wedge groove 21 and the left rear wedge groove 22 are both provided with a left wedge surface 211 and a left lock catch 212. The left wedge surface 211 is provided on the surface opposite to the left front wedge groove 21 or the left rear wedge groove 22. When the base 4 moves to the right, the de-wedge pin 422 pushes the left roller 26 into the loose space of the left front wedge groove 21 or the left rear wedge groove 22, so that the left roller 26 is out of contact with the left wedge surface 211 of the guide rail 1 and the left-facing wedge slider 2, thereby de-wedge.

[0103] The left lock buckle 212 is arranged at the top of the left front wedge groove 21 or the left rear wedge groove 22. The left lock buckle 212 is connected to the upper load-bearing bar 12 to form a closed-loop wedge-shaped channel to withstand the normal force generated by the wedging of the left roller 26. The left-facing wedge slider 2 is constrained by the wedging relationship and can move leftward along the guide rail 1.

[0104] In this embodiment, the left front push rod seat 23 and the left rear push rod seat 24 are both provided with a left push rod 221, a left spring 222, a left plug 223, a left return spring hook 224, a left slider connecting rod hole 225, a left upper guide surface 226 and a left lower guide surface 227. The left push rod 221 and the left plug 223 are arranged inside the left front push rod seat 23 or the left rear push rod seat 24. A left spring 222 is provided between the left push rod 221 and the left plug 223. In the unlocked state, the left roller 26 is subjected to the spring force applied by the left spring 222 inside the left front push rod seat 23 and the left rear push rod seat 24, contacts the guide rail 1 and the left wedge surface 211 and forms a wedge, so that the left-direction wedge slider 2 can only move leftward along the guide rail 1.

[0105] The upper left guide surface 226 is provided above the left front push rod seat 23 or the left rear push rod seat 24, the lower left guide surface 227 is provided below the left front push rod seat 23 or the left rear push rod seat 24, the left return spring hook 224 is provided at one end of the left front push rod seat 23 or the left rear push rod seat 24, and the left slider connecting rod hole 225 is provided at the other end of the left front push rod seat 23 or the left rear push rod seat 24.

[0106] One end of the connecting rod group 6 passes through the left slider connecting rod hole 225, the left upper guide surface 226 is slidably connected to the upper bearing bar 12, and the left lower guide surface 227 is slidably connected to the lower guide bar 13. One end of the return spring 5 is connected to the left return spring hook 224. The return spring 5 is used to make the left front push rod seat 23, the left connecting plate 25 and the left rear push rod seat 24 fit with the front side plate, the lower bottom plate and the rear side plate of the boss respectively, and at the same time make the left wedge-shaped slider 2 automatically return to its initial state when the external force is withdrawn.

[0107] The upper left guide surface 226 and the lower left guide surface 227 constitute the guide surfaces of the left-pointing wedge-shaped slider 2 , so that the left-pointing wedge-shaped slider 2 moves linearly in the guide channel of the guide rail 1 .

[0108] In this embodiment, the right-pointing wedge-shaped slider 3 includes a right front wedge-shaped groove 31, a right rear wedge-shaped groove 32, a right front push rod seat 33, a right rear push rod seat 34 and a right connecting plate 35.

[0109] The right front wedge-shaped groove 31, the right connecting plate 35 and the right rear wedge-shaped groove 32 form a U-shaped structure, which surrounds both sides of the guide rail 1 and forms a wedge-shaped channel with the guide rail 1.

[0110] The right front push rod seat 33, the right connecting plate 35 and the right rear push rod seat 34 form a U-shaped structure, which is surrounded on both sides of the guide rail 1 and forms a wedge-shaped channel with the guide rail 1.

[0111] The right connecting plate 35 is connected to the bottom plate 41, and the right front wedge-shaped slide plate 31 and the right rear wedge-shaped slide plate 32 are both provided with a right roller 36. In the reset state, the de-wedge pin 422 on the base 4 maintains a gap δ with the right roller 36, and the gap △ between the right limiting surface 424 of the de-wedge pin seat 42 on the base 4 and the end face of the right wedge-shaped slider 3 is greater than the gap δ between the de-wedge pin 422 and the right roller 36.

[0112] The relationship between the stroke S of the connecting rod slot 412 and the gap δ between the de-wedging pin 422 and the left roller 26 or the right roller 36 is: Where: l is the length of the left slider link 61 or the right slider link 62, α is the initial angle between the left slider link 61 or the right slider link 62 and the horizontal plane, as shown in Figure 8 shown.

[0113] In this embodiment, the right front wedge groove 31 and the right rear wedge groove 32 are both provided with a right wedge surface 311 and a right lock catch 312. The right wedge surface 311 is provided on the surface opposite to the right front wedge groove 31 or the right rear wedge groove 32. When the base 4 moves to the left, the de-wedge pin 422 pushes the right roller 36 into the loose space of the right front wedge groove 31 or the right rear wedge groove 32, so that the right roller 36 is out of contact with the right wedge surface 311 of the guide rail 1 and the right-direction wedge slider 3, thereby de-wedge.

[0114] The right lock buckle 312 is arranged at the top of the right front wedge groove 31 or the right rear wedge groove 32. The right lock buckle 312 is connected to the upper load-bearing bar 12 to form a closed-loop wedge-shaped channel to withstand the normal force generated by the wedging of the right roller 36. The right-hand wedge-shaped slider 3 is constrained by the wedging relationship and can move rightward along the guide rail 1.

[0115] In this embodiment, the right front push rod seat 33 and the right rear push rod seat 34 are both provided with a right push rod 321, a right spring 322, a right plug 323, a right return spring hook 324, a right slider connecting rod hole 325, a right upper guide surface 326 and a right lower guide surface 327. The right push rod 321 and the right plug 323 are arranged inside the right front push rod seat 33 or the right rear push rod seat 34, and a right spring 322 is provided between the right push rod 321 and the right plug 323.

[0116] In the unlocked state, the right roller 36 is subjected to the spring force exerted by the right spring 322 in the right front push rod seat 33 and the right rear push rod seat 34, and contacts and wedges with the guide rail 1 and the right wedge surface 311, so that the right-hand wedge slider 3 can only move rightward along the guide rail 1.

[0117] The upper right guide surface 326 is provided above the right front push rod seat 33 or the right rear push rod seat 34, the lower right guide surface 327 is provided below the right front push rod seat 33 or the right rear push rod seat 34, the right return spring hook 324 is provided at one end of the right front push rod seat 33 or the right rear push rod seat 34, and the right slider connecting rod hole 325 is provided at the other end of the right front push rod seat 33 or the right rear push rod seat 34.

[0118] One end of the connecting rod group 6 passes through the right slider connecting rod hole 325, the right upper guide surface 326 is slidably connected to the upper load-bearing bar 12, and the right lower guide surface 327 is slidably connected to the lower guide bar 13. The other end of the return spring 5 is connected to the right return spring hook 324. The return spring 5 is used to make the right front push rod seat 33, the right connecting plate 35 and the right rear push rod seat 34 fit respectively with the front side plate, the lower bottom plate and the rear side plate of the boss, and at the same time, the right wedge-shaped slider 3 can automatically return to its initial state when the external force is withdrawn.

[0119] The upper right guide surface 326 and the lower right guide surface 327 constitute the guide surfaces of the right-pointing wedge-shaped slider 3 , so that the right-pointing wedge-shaped slider 3 moves linearly in the guide channel of the guide rail 1 .

[0120] In this embodiment, the connecting rod group 6 includes a left slider connecting rod 61, a right slider connecting rod 62 and a connecting rod pin 63. One end of the connecting rod pin 63 is hinged to the left slider connecting rod 61 and the right slider connecting rod 62. The other end of the connecting rod pin 63 passes through the connecting rod slot 412. The connecting rod pin 63 can slide up and down in the connecting rod slot 412.

[0121] The distance between the upper limit 413 and the lower limit 414 of the connecting rod slide 412 is equal to the travel range of the connecting rod pin 63. This travel range is required to ensure that the de-wedge pin seat 42 is unlocked and to prevent the mechanism from having a dead point. When the connecting rod pin 63 is at the lower limit 414, the device is in the reset state, and the guide rail 1 is engaged with the base 4; when the connecting rod pin 63 is at the upper limit 413, the device is in the unlocked state, and the guide rail 1 is separated from the base 4.

[0122] The left slider connecting rod 61 is connected to the left slider connecting rod hole 225 , and the right slider connecting rod 62 is connected to the right slider connecting rod hole 325 .

[0123] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for using an adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0124] S1, reset state:

[0125] The guide rail 1 maintains contact with the left roller 26 and the right roller 36 on the left wedge-shaped slider 2 and the right wedge-shaped slider 3 and does not hang in the air. The gap δ between the de-wedge pin 422 of the base 4 and the left roller 26 and the right roller 36 is uniform. The gap △ between the left limiting surface 423 and the right limiting surface 424 and the end faces of the left wedge-shaped slider 2 and the right wedge-shaped slider 3 is uniform. The end faces of the left wedge-shaped slider 2 and the right wedge-shaped slider 3 are in close contact with the boss of the base 4. The connecting rod pin 63 of the connecting rod assembly 6 is in the lower limit 414 of the connecting rod slot 412 of the base 4.

[0126] S2, engaged state, guide rail 1 moves rightward, base 4 follows, v1 ≥ v4 or v4 = 0:

[0127] The guide rail 1 acts on the right roller 36 of the right-hand wedge-shaped slider 3, causing the right roller 36 to move slightly toward the narrow direction of the wedge-shaped channel. The right roller 36 is wedged tightly, and the right-hand wedge-shaped slider 3 tends to move in the same direction. The left-hand wedge-shaped slider 2 fits the end surface of the base 4, so the left-hand wedge-shaped slider 2 and the base 4 maintain the same movement state.

[0128] Under the coordinated action of the six-bar mechanism composed of the left wedge-shaped slider 2, the right wedge-shaped slider 3, the left slider connecting rod 61, the right slider connecting rod 62, the base 4 and the connecting rod slot 412, the base 4 is relatively fixed, and the left wedge-shaped slider 2 is restricted by the base 4 and is also relatively fixed. Therefore, the right wedge-shaped slider 3 transmits the force of the guide rail 1 to the base 4 through the following force transmission path: guide rail 1 → right roller 36 → right wedge-shaped slider 3 → right slider connecting rod 62 → left slider connecting rod 61 → left wedge-shaped slider 2 → base 4, thereby achieving automatic engagement between the base 4 and the guide rail 1;

[0129] S3, engaged state, guide rail 1 moves to the left, base 4 follows, v1 ≥ v4 or v4 = 0:

[0130] The guide rail 1 acts on the left roller 26 on the left wedge-shaped slider 2, causing the left roller 26 to move slightly toward the narrow direction of the wedge-shaped channel. The left roller 26 is wedged, and the left wedge-shaped slider 2 tends to rotate in the same direction. The right wedge-shaped slider 3 fits the end face of the base 4, so the right wedge-shaped slider 3 and the base 4 maintain the same motion state.

[0131] Under the coordinated action of the six-bar mechanism composed of the left-pointing wedge-shaped slider 2, the right-pointing wedge-shaped slider 3, the left slider connecting rod 61, the right slider connecting rod 62, the base 4 and the connecting rod slot 412, the base 4 is relatively fixed, and the right-pointing wedge-shaped slider 3 is restricted by the base 4 and is also relatively fixed. Therefore, the left-pointing wedge-shaped slider 2 transmits the force of the guide rail 1 to the base 4 through the following force transmission path: guide rail 1 → left roller 26 → left-pointing wedge-shaped slider 2 → left slider connecting rod 61 → right slider connecting rod 62 → right-pointing wedge-shaped slider 3 → base 4, thereby achieving automatic engagement between the base 4 and the guide rail 1;

[0132] S4, separation state: base 4 moves to the right, guide rail 1 is driven, v4 ≥ v1:

[0133] The base 4 pushes the right wedge-shaped slider 3 to move in the same direction, and the right roller 36 moves slightly in the direction of the loosening of the wedge-shaped channel. The right wedge-shaped slider 3 and the guide rail 1 are naturally unwedged, and the left wedge-shaped slider 2 and the guide rail 1 are still in a wedged state. The base 4 cannot drive the left wedge-shaped slider 2 to move in the same direction, and the left wedge-shaped slider 2 is temporarily relatively fixed.

[0134] After the de-wedge pin 422 on the base 4 contacts the left roller 26 on the left-facing wedge-shaped slider 2, the left roller 26 is pushed into the loose space of the wedge-shaped channel, thereby releasing the wedging relationship between the left-facing wedge-shaped slider 2 and the guide rail 1. The left-facing wedge-shaped slider 2 is disengaged from the guide rail 1, and the base 4 and the guide rail 1 are automatically separated in both directions.

[0135] S5, separation state: base 4 moves to the left, guide rail 1 is driven, v4 ≥ v1:

[0136] The base 4 pushes the left wedge-shaped slider 2 to move in the same direction, and the left roller 26 moves slightly in the direction of the loosening of the wedge-shaped channel. The left wedge-shaped slider 2 and the guide rail 1 are naturally unwedged, and the right wedge-shaped slider 3 and the guide rail 1 are still in a wedged state. The base 4 cannot drive the right wedge-shaped slider 3 to move in the same direction, and the right wedge-shaped slider 3 is temporarily relatively fixed.

[0137] After the wedge-releasing pin 422 on the base 4 contacts the right roller 36 on the right-hand wedge-shaped slider 3, the right roller 36 is pushed into the loose space of the wedge-shaped channel, releasing the wedging relationship between the right-hand wedge-shaped slider 3 and the guide rail 1, and the right-hand wedge-shaped slider 3 is disengaged from the guide rail 1, realizing the two-way automatic separation of the base 4 and the guide rail 1.

[0138] In summary, the adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear engagement and disengagement device of the present invention does not require any additional operating mechanism and can automatically complete engagement or disengagement according to the speed change or movement direction change of the master and slave components:

[0139] When the guide rail 1 is active, v1 ≥ v4 or v4 = 0, the base 4 and the guide rail 1 are automatically engaged in both directions.

[0140] When the base 4 is active, v4 ≥ v1, the base 4 and the guide rail 1 are automatically separated in both directions.

[0141] The adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear joining and separation device of the present invention has technical characteristics such as simple structure, reliable operation, and wide application range.

[0142] The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be apparent that those skilled in the art can readily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without requiring inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive roller type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a guide rail (1), a left-pointing wedge-shaped slider (2), a right-pointing wedge-shaped slider (3), a base (4), a return spring (5) and a connecting rod group (6); the base (4) is provided with a boss, the guide rail (1) passes through the boss, and the left-pointing wedge-shaped slider (2) and the right-pointing wedge-shaped slider (3) are provided on both sides of the boss. The guide rail (1), the left-direction wedge-shaped slider (2), and the right-direction wedge-shaped slider (3) are arranged above the base (4); the left-direction wedge-shaped slider (2) and the right-direction wedge-shaped slider (3) are slidably connected to the guide rail (1); the wedge-shaped channels of the left-direction wedge-shaped slider (2) and the right-direction wedge-shaped slider (3) are open and face each other; the left-direction wedge-shaped slider (2) and the right-direction wedge-shaped slider (3) can move relative to each other within a certain range along the guide rail (1); The return spring (5) is arranged inside the boss, one end of the return spring (5) is connected to the left wedge-shaped slider (2), and the other end of the return spring (5) is connected to the right wedge-shaped slider (3). The return spring (5) is used to make the left wedge-shaped slider (2) and the right wedge-shaped slider (3) fit the boss on the base (4), and at the same time, make the left wedge-shaped slider (2) and the right wedge-shaped slider (3) automatically return to their initial state when the external force is removed; The connecting rod group (6) is mounted on the boss. Two connecting rod groups (6) are provided. The connecting rod groups (6) are provided on the front and rear sides of the left wedge-shaped slider (2) and the right wedge-shaped slider (3). One end of the two connecting rod groups (6) is connected to the left wedge-shaped slider (2), and the other end of the connecting rod group (6) is connected to the right wedge-shaped slider (3). The left-facing wedge-shaped slider (2), the base (4), the connecting rod group (6) and the right-facing wedge-shaped slider (3) are connected to form a working relationship of a six-bar mechanism. When the guide rail (1) is active and v1 ≥ v4 or v4 = 0, the left-facing wedge-shaped slider (2) and the right-facing wedge-shaped slider (3) support each other through the connecting rod group (6) to transfer load. When the base (4) is active and v4 ≥ v1, the motion relationship between the left-hand wedge slider (2) and the right-hand wedge slider (3) and the base (4) is coordinated through the connecting rod group (6) so that there is no motion interference between the three during the unlocking process. The base (4) releases the meshing relationship between the left-hand wedge slider (2) and the right-hand wedge slider (3) and the guide rail (1) respectively, realizing bidirectional automatic engagement and separation, wherein v1 is the motion speed of the bidirectional ratchet guide rail (1), and v4 is the motion speed of the base (4); The base (4) further comprises a bottom plate (41) and a de-wedge pin seat (42), a boss and four de-wedge pin seats (42) are provided above the bottom plate (41), one end of the left-direction wedge-shaped slider (2) is connected to the boss, and the other end of the left-direction wedge-shaped slider (2) is provided with two de-wedge pin seats (42), one end of the right-direction wedge-shaped slider (3) is connected to the boss, and the other end of the right-direction wedge-shaped slider (3) is provided with two de-wedge pin seats (42), and the boss is in sliding contact with the guide rail (1); The de-wedge pin seat (42) comprises a support plate (421), a de-wedge pin (422), a left limiting surface (423) and a right limiting surface (424). The support plate (421) is fixed above the base plate (41). The two sides of the support plate (421) are respectively the left limiting surface (423) and the right limiting surface (424). The support plate (421) is provided with a de-wedge pin (422). Four de-wedge pins (422) are respectively inserted into the wedge-shaped channels of the left-facing wedge-shaped slider (2) or the right-facing wedge-shaped slider (3). When the base (4) moves to the right, the left-facing wedge-shaped slider (2) is de-wedged; when the base (4) moves to the left, the right-facing wedge-shaped slider (3) is de-wedged.

2. The adaptive roller type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boss is composed of a front side plate, a lower bottom plate and a rear side plate to form a U-shaped structure. The front side plate, the lower bottom plate and the rear side plate are surrounded on both sides of the guide rail (1). The lower bottom plate is connected to the bottom plate (41). The planes opposite to the front side plate and the rear side plate are provided with a return spring groove (411), a lock buckle (415), an upper guide surface (416) and a lower guide surface (417). The lock buckle (415) is arranged above the upper guide surface (416). The return spring groove (411) is arranged between the upper guide surface (416) and the lower guide surface (417). The return spring (5) is installed in the return spring groove (411). The front side plate and the rear side plate are both provided with a connecting rod groove (412). The connecting rod groove (412) is vertically arranged. The connecting rod group (6) is connected to the connecting rod groove (412). The top end of the connecting rod slot (412) is an upper limit position (413), and the bottom end of the connecting rod slot (412) is a lower limit position (414). The distance between the upper limit position (413) and the lower limit position (414) is equal to the travel range of the connecting rod assembly (6).

3. The adaptive roller type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide rail (1) includes a guide rail plate (11), an upper load-bearing bar (12) and a lower guide bar (13). The bottom end of the guide rail plate (11) is connected to the lower base plate of the boss. The guide rail plate (11) is provided with an upper load-bearing bar (12) and a lower guide bar (13) at the front and rear. The upper load-bearing bar (12) and the lower guide bar (13) are provided on the upper and lower sides of the guide rail plate (11). A guide channel is provided between the upper load-bearing bar (12) and the lower guide bar (13). The upper load-bearing bar (12) is connected to the upper guide surface (416), and the lower guide bar (13) is connected to the lower guide surface (417), so that the base (4) moves in a bidirectional linear manner along the guide rail (1).

4. The adaptive roller type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The left-pointing wedge-shaped sliding block (2) comprises a left front wedge-shaped groove (21), a left rear wedge-shaped groove (22), a left front push rod seat (23), a left rear push rod seat (24) and a left connecting plate (25). The left front wedge-shaped groove (21), the left connecting plate (25) and the left rear wedge-shaped groove (22) form a U-shaped structure, which surrounds both sides of the guide rail (1) and forms a wedge-shaped channel with the guide rail (1), and moves leftward along the guide rail (1). The left front push rod seat (23), the left connecting plate (25) and the left rear push rod seat (24) form a U-shaped structure, which is surrounded on both sides of the guide rail (1) and forms a wedge-shaped channel with the guide rail (1), and moves leftward along the guide rail (1). The left connecting plate (25) is connected to the bottom plate (41), and the left front wedge groove (21) and the left rear wedge groove (22) are both provided with a left roller (26). In the reset state, a gap (δ) is maintained between the de-wedge pin (422) on the base (4) and the left roller (26), and a gap (△) between the left limiting surface (423) of the de-wedge pin seat (42) on the base (4) and the end surface of the left wedge-shaped slider (2) is larger than the gap (δ) between the de-wedge pin (422) and the left roller (26); The right-direction wedge-shaped sliding block (3) comprises a right front wedge-shaped groove (31), a right rear wedge-shaped groove (32), a right front push rod seat (33), a right rear push rod seat (34) and a right connecting plate (35). The right front wedge-shaped groove (31), the right connecting plate (35) and the right rear wedge-shaped groove (32) form a U-shaped structure, which surrounds both sides of the guide rail (1) and forms a wedge-shaped channel with the guide rail (1), and moves rightward along the guide rail (1). The right front push rod seat (33), the right connecting plate (35) and the right rear push rod seat (34) form a U-shaped structure, which is surrounded on both sides of the guide rail (1) and forms a wedge-shaped channel with the guide rail (1), and moves rightward along the guide rail (1). The right connecting plate (35) is connected to the bottom plate (41), and the right front wedge-shaped groove (31) and the right rear wedge-shaped groove (32) are both provided with a right roller (36). In the reset state, a gap (δ) is maintained between the de-wedge pin (422) on the base (4) and the right roller (36), and a gap (△) between a right limiting surface (424) of the de-wedge pin seat (42) on the base (4) and the end surface of the right wedge-shaped slider (3) is larger than the gap (δ) between the de-wedge pin (422) and the right roller (36).

5. The adaptive roller type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The left front wedge groove (21) and the left rear wedge groove (22) are both provided with a left wedge surface (211) and a left lock catch (212). The left wedge surface (211) is provided on the surface opposite to the left front wedge groove (21) or the left rear wedge groove (22). When the base (4) moves rightward, the wedge release pin (422) pushes the left roller (26) to the loose space of the left front wedge groove (21) or the left rear wedge groove (22), so that the left roller (26) is out of contact with the left wedge surface (211) of the guide rail (1) and the left wedge slider (2), thereby releasing the wedge. The left lock buckle (212) is arranged at the top of the left front wedge-shaped groove (21) or the left rear wedge-shaped groove (22). The left lock buckle (212) is connected to the upper load-bearing bar (12) to form a closed-loop wedge-shaped channel to withstand the normal force generated by the wedging of the left roller (26). The left-direction wedge-shaped slider (2) is constrained by the wedging relationship and can move leftward along the guide rail (1); The right front wedge groove (31) and the right rear wedge groove (32) are both provided with a right wedge surface (311) and a right lock catch (312). The right wedge surface (311) is provided on the surface opposite to the right front wedge groove (31) or the right rear wedge groove (32). When the base (4) moves leftward, the wedge release pin (422) pushes the right roller (36) to the loose space of the right front wedge groove (31) or the right rear wedge groove (32), so that the right roller (36) is out of contact with the guide rail (1) and the right wedge surface (311) of the right-direction wedge slider (3), thereby releasing the wedge. The right lock buckle (312) is arranged at the top of the right front wedge-shaped groove (31) or the right rear wedge-shaped groove (32). The right lock buckle (312) is connected to the upper bearing bar (12) to form a closed-loop wedge-shaped channel to withstand the normal force generated by the wedging of the right roller (36). The right-direction wedge-shaped slider (3) is constrained by the wedging relationship and can move rightward along the guide rail (1).

6. The adaptive roller type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The left front push rod seat (23) and the left rear push rod seat (24) are both provided with a left push rod (221), a left spring (222), a left plug (223), a left return spring hook (224), a left slider connecting rod hole (225), a left upper guide surface (226) and a left lower guide surface (227). The left push rod (221) and the left plug (223) are arranged inside the left front push rod seat (23) or the left rear push rod seat (24). A left spring (222) is provided between the left push rod (221) and the left plug (223). In the unlocked state, the left roller (26) is subjected to the spring force applied by the left spring (222) inside the left front push rod seat (23) and the left rear push rod seat (24), contacts with the guide rail (1) and the left wedge surface (211) and forms a wedge, so that the left wedge-shaped slider (2) can only move leftward along the guide rail (1). The upper left guide surface (226) is provided above the left front push rod seat (23) or the left rear push rod seat (24), the lower left guide surface (227) is provided below the left front push rod seat (23) or the left rear push rod seat (24), the left return spring hook (224) is provided at one end of the left front push rod seat (23) or the left rear push rod seat (24), and the left slider connecting rod hole (225) is provided at the other end of the left front push rod seat (23) or the left rear push rod seat (24). One end of the connecting rod group (6) passes through the left slider connecting rod hole (225), the left upper guide surface (226) is slidably connected to the upper load-bearing bar (12), the left lower guide surface (227) is slidably connected to the lower guide bar (13), and one end of the return spring (5) is connected to the left return spring hook (224). The return spring (5) is used to make the left front push rod seat (23), the left connecting plate (25) and the left rear push rod seat (24) respectively fit with the front side plate, the lower bottom plate and the rear side plate of the boss, and at the same time make the left wedge-shaped slider (2) automatically return to its initial state when the external force is removed. The upper left guide surface (226) and the lower left guide surface (227) constitute the guide surfaces of the left-facing wedge-shaped slider (2), so that the left-facing wedge-shaped slider (2) moves linearly in the guide channel of the guide rail (1); The right front push rod seat (33) and the right rear push rod seat (34) are both provided with a right push rod (321), a right spring (322), a right plug (323), a right return spring hook (324), a right slider connecting rod hole (325), a right upper guide surface (326) and a right lower guide surface (327). The right push rod (321) and the right plug (323) are arranged inside the right front push rod seat (33) or the right rear push rod seat (34). A right spring (322) is arranged between the right push rod (321) and the right plug (323). In the unlocked state, the right roller (36) is subjected to the spring force applied by the right spring (322) inside the right front push rod seat (33) and the right rear push rod seat (34), contacts with the guide rail (1) and the right wedge surface (311) and forms a wedge, so that the right wedge slider (3) can only move rightward along the guide rail (1). The upper right guide surface (326) is provided above the right front push rod seat (33) or the right rear push rod seat (34), the lower right guide surface (327) is provided below the right front push rod seat (33) or the right rear push rod seat (34), the right return spring hook (324) is provided at one end of the right front push rod seat (33) or the right rear push rod seat (34), and the right slider connecting rod hole (325) is provided at the other end of the right front push rod seat (33) or the right rear push rod seat (34). One end of the connecting rod group (6) passes through the right slider connecting rod hole (325), the right upper guide surface (326) is slidably connected to the upper load-bearing bar (12), the right lower guide surface (327) is slidably connected to the lower guide bar (13), and the other end of the return spring (5) is connected to the right return spring hook (324). The return spring (5) is used to make the right front push rod seat (33), the right connecting plate (35) and the right rear push rod seat (34) respectively fit with the front side plate, the lower bottom plate and the rear side plate of the boss, and at the same time make the right wedge-shaped slider (3) automatically return to its initial state when the external force is removed. The upper right guide surface (326) and the lower right guide surface (327) constitute the guide surfaces of the right-hand wedge-shaped slider (3), so that the right-hand wedge-shaped slider (3) moves linearly in the guide channel of the guide rail (1).

7. The adaptive roller type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting rod group (6) includes a left slider connecting rod (61), a right slider connecting rod (62) and a connecting rod pin (63), one end of the connecting rod pin (63) is hinged to the left slider connecting rod (61) and the right slider connecting rod (62), and the other end of the connecting rod pin (63) passes through the connecting rod slide groove (412). The connecting rod pin (63) can slide up and down in the connecting rod slide groove (412), and the distance between the upper limit (413) and the lower limit (414) of the connecting rod slide groove (412) is equal to the travel range of the connecting rod pin (63). When the connecting rod pin (63) is at the lower limit (414), the device is in a reset state, and the guide rail (1) is engaged with the base (4); when the connecting rod pin (63) is at the upper limit (413), the device is in an unlocked state, and the guide rail (1) is separated from the base (4); The left slider connecting rod (61) is connected to the left slider connecting rod hole (225), and the right slider connecting rod (62) is connected to the right slider connecting rod hole (325).

8. A method for using the adaptive roller-type bidirectional linear engagement and separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1, reset state: The guide rail (1) maintains contact with the left roller (26) and the right roller (36) on the left wedge-shaped slider (2) and the right wedge-shaped slider (3) and is not suspended in the air; the gap (δ) between the de-wedge pin (422) of the base (4) and the left roller (26) and the right roller (36) is uniform; the gap (△) between the left limiting surface (423) and the right limiting surface (424) and the end faces of the left wedge-shaped slider (2) and the right wedge-shaped slider (3) is uniform; the end faces of the left wedge-shaped slider (2) and the right wedge-shaped slider (3) are in close contact with the boss of the base (4); and the connecting rod pin (63) of the connecting rod assembly (6) is located at the lower limit (414) of the connecting rod slot (412) of the base (4); S2, engagement state, guide rail (1) moves to the right, base (4) follows, v1 ≥ v4 or v4 = 0: The guide rail (1) acts on the right roller (36) of the right wedge-shaped slider (3), causing the right roller (36) to move slightly toward the narrow direction of the wedge-shaped channel. The right roller (36) is wedged, and the right wedge-shaped slider (3) tends to move in the same direction. The left wedge-shaped slider (2) fits the end surface of the base (4), and the left wedge-shaped slider (2) and the base (4) maintain the same motion state. Under the coordinated action of the six-bar mechanism composed of the left wedge-shaped slider (2), the right wedge-shaped slider (3), the left slider connecting rod (61), the right slider connecting rod (62), the base (4) and the connecting rod slot (412), the base (4) is relatively fixed, the left wedge-shaped slider (2) is restricted by the base (4) and is also relatively fixed, and the right wedge-shaped slider (3) transmits the force of the guide rail (1) to the base (4) through the following force transmission path: guide rail (1) → right roller (36) → right wedge-shaped slider (3) → right slider connecting rod (62) → left slider connecting rod (61) → left wedge-shaped slider (2) → base (4), thereby realizing automatic engagement of the base (4) with the guide rail (1); S3, engagement state, guide rail (1) moves to the left, base (4) follows, v1 ≥ v4 or v4 = 0: The guide rail (1) acts on the left roller (26) on the left wedge-shaped slider (2), causing the left roller (26) to move slightly toward the narrow direction of the wedge-shaped channel. The left roller (26) is wedged, and the left wedge-shaped slider (2) tends to rotate in the same direction. The right wedge-shaped slider (3) fits the end surface of the base (4), and the right wedge-shaped slider (3) and the base (4) maintain the same motion state. Under the coordinated action of the six-bar mechanism composed of the left wedge-shaped slider (2), the right wedge-shaped slider (3), the left slider connecting rod (61), the right slider connecting rod (62), the base (4) and the connecting rod slot (412), the base (4) is relatively fixed, the right wedge-shaped slider (3) is restricted by the base (4) and is also relatively fixed, and the left wedge-shaped slider (2) transmits the force of the guide rail (1) to the base (4) through the following force transmission path: guide rail (1) → left roller (26) → left wedge-shaped slider (2) → left slider connecting rod (61) → right slider connecting rod (62) → right wedge-shaped slider (3) → base (4), thereby realizing automatic engagement of the base (4) with the guide rail (1); S4, separation state: the base (4) moves to the right, the guide rail (1) follows, v4 ≥ v1: The base (4) pushes the right wedge-shaped slider (3) to move in the same direction, and the right roller (36) moves slightly in the loose direction of the wedge-shaped channel. The right wedge-shaped slider (3) and the guide rail (1) are naturally unwedged, and the left wedge-shaped slider (2) and the guide rail (1) are still in a wedged state. The base (4) cannot drive the left wedge-shaped slider (2) to move in the same direction, and the left wedge-shaped slider (2) is temporarily relatively fixed. After the wedge-releasing pin (422) on the base (4) contacts the left roller (26) on the left-facing wedge-shaped slider (2), the left roller (26) is pushed toward the loose space of the wedge-shaped channel, thereby releasing the wedging relationship between the left-facing wedge-shaped slider (2) and the guide rail (1), and the left-facing wedge-shaped slider (2) is disengaged from the guide rail (1), thereby realizing the two-way automatic separation of the base (4) and the guide rail (1); S5, separation state: the base (4) moves to the left, the guide rail (1) is driven, when v4 ≥ v1: The base (4) pushes the left wedge-shaped slider (2) to move in the same direction, and the left roller (26) moves slightly in the loose direction of the wedge-shaped channel. The left wedge-shaped slider (2) and the guide rail (1) are naturally unwedgeed, and the right wedge-shaped slider (3) and the guide rail (1) are still in a wedged state. The base (4) cannot drive the right wedge-shaped slider (3) to move in the same direction, and the right wedge-shaped slider (3) is temporarily relatively fixed. After the wedge-releasing pin (422) on the base (4) contacts the right roller (36) on the right-hand wedge-shaped slider (3), the right roller (36) is pushed toward the loose space of the wedge-shaped channel, thereby releasing the wedging relationship between the right-hand wedge-shaped slider (3) and the guide rail (1), and the right-hand wedge-shaped slider (3) is disengaged from the guide rail (1), thereby realizing the two-way automatic separation of the base (4) and the guide rail (1).

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