An antenna

Abstract

This invention provides an antenna for use in wireless communication, comprising at least one vibrator, a PIN pin, a connector, and an antenna base; the upper surface of the at least one vibrator is covered with a copper-clad layer; the at least one vibrator includes a first vibrator, a second vibrator, and a third vibrator stacked sequentially from bottom to top; the connector is nested in the antenna base, with its first end penetrating the first vibrator and connected to the first copper-clad layer of the first vibrator; the PIN pin penetrates the second vibrator, with its first end connected to the first copper-clad layer on the first vibrator and its second end connected to the second copper-clad layer on the second vibrator; the PIN pin transmits energy between the first and second copper-clad layers via direct feed; energy is transmitted between the layers of the first, second, and third copper-clad layers of the third vibrator via coupling; the third copper-clad layer is used for energy transmission and reception.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly to an antenna. Background Technology

[0002] As the conversion interface for missile wireless communication, the performance of the antenna directly determines the effectiveness of the missile. Therefore, the research on missile-borne antennas is of great significance.

[0003] Currently, existing missile-borne antennas require multiple antennas in different frequency bands to realize the system's receiving / transmitting functions. Installing too many antennas on the missile leads to problems such as excessive size and weight.

[0004] In summary, how to achieve miniaturization of antennas under the premise of ultra-wideband is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an antenna to solve the problems in the prior art, such as the excessive number of antennas installed on the missile, resulting in excessive size and weight.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna, including at least one vibrator, a PIN pin, a connector, and an antenna base; the upper surface of the at least one vibrator is covered with a copper-clad layer; the at least one vibrator includes a first vibrator, a second vibrator, and a third vibrator stacked sequentially from bottom to top; the connector is nested in the antenna base, the first end of the connector passes through the first vibrator and is connected to the first copper-clad layer of the first vibrator; the PIN pin passes through the second vibrator, the first end of the PIN pin is connected to the first copper-clad layer on the first vibrator, and the second end of the PIN pin is connected to the second copper-clad layer on the second vibrator; the PIN pin transmits energy between the first copper-clad layer and the second copper-clad layer via direct feed; the layers of the first copper-clad layer, the second copper-clad layer, and the third copper-clad layer of the third vibrator transmit energy via coupling; the third copper-clad layer is used for energy transmission and reception.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the first copper layer and the second copper layer of the first oscillator are connected by PIN pins, thereby realizing energy transmission between the first and second oscillators through direct feed and coupling, and energy transmission between the second and third oscillators through coupling. This results in a wider antenna bandwidth. By transmitting energy through coupling and direct feed among the three oscillators, the number of antennas required to achieve a wider bandwidth is reduced, thereby achieving antenna miniaturization.

[0008] Optionally, it also includes: a protective cover; at least one vibrator located within the accommodating space formed by the protective cover and the antenna base.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the vibrator is placed in the accommodating space formed by the protective cover and the antenna base, thereby protecting the antenna and improving its stability.

[0010] Optionally, the shape of the shield may match the shape of the projectile that carries the antenna.

[0011] In the above technical solution, by making the shape of the protective cover consistent with the shape of the projectile carrying the antenna, the wind resistance of the antenna in the missile-borne environment is reduced. Because the shape of the protective cover is consistent with the shape of the projectile carrying the antenna, the size of the antenna is reduced, thereby achieving antenna miniaturization.

[0012] Optionally, the cover is made of high-strength fiberglass material, and the surface of the cover is filled with high-temperature resistant heat insulation material.

[0013] In the above technical solution, by selecting high-strength glass fiber material as the material for the antenna radome, the weight of the antenna can be reduced. By filling the surface of the antenna radome with high-temperature resistant heat insulation material, the antenna has good high-temperature resistance, which can meet the requirements of overload in missile-borne environment and withstand greater aerodynamic drag, thereby improving the performance and stability of the antenna.

[0014] Optionally, at least one element is provided with multiple screw holes, each element having screw holes in the same position, and at least one element is fixed to the antenna base by screws passing through the screw holes.

[0015] In the above technical solution, multiple screw holes are provided on at least one vibrator, so that at least one vibrator can be firmly fixed to the antenna base by passing screws through the screw holes of at least one vibrator, thereby improving the stability of the antenna.

[0016] Optionally, the radiating layer is a copper-clad layer.

[0017] In the above technical solution, since the copper cladding layer has a conductive effect, it can transmit energy to the first oscillator, the second oscillator and the third oscillator, thereby enabling the antenna to adopt a multi-layer matching and coupling method, resulting in a wider antenna bandwidth.

[0018] Optionally, the first copper cladding layer includes a first solder joint and a second solder joint; the first solder joint is used to solder to a first end of the PIN pin; and the second solder joint is used to solder to a first end of the connector.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the PIN pin is connected to the first copper-clad layer via the first solder point, facilitating subsequent energy transfer from the first copper-clad layer to the PIN pin, enabling energy transfer between the first and second oscillators via direct feed. The connector is connected to the first copper-clad layer via the second solder point, facilitating energy transfer from the connector to the first copper-clad layer, enabling subsequent energy transfer between the first and second oscillators via coupling and direct feed, and energy transfer between the second and third oscillators via coupling.

[0020] Optionally, the second copper cladding layer includes a third solder joint for soldering to the second end of the PIN pin.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the second oscillator and the first oscillator are connected by a third welding point to the PIN pin, thereby realizing energy transmission through direct feed between the second oscillator and the first oscillator.

[0022] Optionally, the connector is used to transmit the second energy to the second copper layer of the second oscillator via coupling through the first copper layer; the PIN pin is also used to transmit the first energy to the second copper layer of the second oscillator via direct feed; the second copper layer of the second oscillator is used to transmit the first energy and the second energy to the third copper layer of the third oscillator via coupling; the third copper layer of the third oscillator is used to emit the first energy and the second energy.

[0023] Optionally, the thickness ratio of the first oscillator, the second oscillator, and the third oscillator is 1:6:5. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a protective cover provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an oscillator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 An antenna standing wave diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 An antenna pattern is provided for an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0032] An antenna is a transducer that converts guided waves propagating on a transmission line into electromagnetic waves propagating in an unbounded medium, or vice versa. It's a component in wireless equipment used to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. Engineering systems such as radio communication, broadcasting, television, radar, navigation, electronic countermeasures, remote sensing, and radio astronomy—anything that uses electromagnetic waves to transmit information—rely on antennas. Furthermore, antennas are also needed for non-energy radiation, such as energy transmission using electromagnetic waves. Generally, antennas are reversible, meaning the same antenna can be used as both a transmitting and receiving antenna. The basic characteristics of the same antenna are the same whether it's transmitting or receiving. In one possible scenario, antennas can be used in missile-borne communication.

[0033] Currently, antennas used in missile-borne communication are generally called missile-borne antennas. Because existing missile-borne antennas require multiple antennas of different frequency bands to realize the system's receiving / transmitting functions, this results in an excessive number of antennas installed on the missile body, leading to problems with the antenna's large size and weight.

[0034] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna to solve the problem that the size and weight of the antenna are too large in the prior art in order to achieve ultra-wideband antennas.

[0035] like Figure 1The diagram shows a schematic representation of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. The antenna 100 includes at least one vibrator 110, a PIN pin 120, a connector 130, and an antenna base 140. The upper surface of each of the at least one vibrator 110 is covered with a copper plating layer. Each vibrator 110 includes a first vibrator 111, a second vibrator 112, and a third vibrator 113 stacked sequentially from bottom to top. The connector 130 is nested within the antenna base 140, and its first end passes through the first vibrator 111 and connects to the first copper plating layer 1110 of the first vibrator 111. The pin 120 passes through the second oscillator 112. The first end of the pin 120 is connected to the first copper-clad layer 1110 on the first oscillator 111, and the second end of the pin 120 is connected to the second copper-clad layer 1120 on the second oscillator 112. The pin 120 transmits energy between the first copper-clad layer 1110 and the second copper-clad layer 1120 through direct feed. The first copper-clad layer 1110, the second copper-clad layer 1120, and the third copper-clad layer 1130 of the third oscillator 113 transmit energy through coupling. The third copper-clad layer 1130 is used for energy transmission and reception.

[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, when energy reaches the first oscillator 111 through connector 130, a portion of the energy passes through the first copper layer 1110 of the first oscillator 111 to the PIN pin 120. The PIN pin 120 transmits the energy to the second copper layer 1120 of the second oscillator 112 via direct feed. The remaining energy does not reach the PIN pin 120 but is transmitted to the second copper layer 1120 of the second oscillator 112 via coupling. Thus, the first oscillator 111 transmits energy to the second oscillator 112 via direct feed and coupling. After receiving the energy transmitted from the first oscillator 111, the second copper layer 1120 of the second oscillator 112 transmits the energy to the third copper layer 1130 of the third oscillator 113 via coupling. The third copper layer 1130 of the third oscillator 113 converts the energy into electromagnetic waves, thereby enabling the antenna to transmit and receive energy. By employing direct feed and coupling, the antenna achieves a wide bandwidth. Furthermore, its simple structure and fewer components result in a smaller size, thus enabling miniaturization of the antenna while maintaining ultra-wide bandwidth.

[0037] like Figure 2The diagram shows a schematic representation of a protective shield provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The antenna 100 also includes a protective shield 150, wherein at least one vibrator is located within the accommodating space formed by the protective shield and the antenna base 140. For example, by conforming the shape of the protective shield to the shape of the projectile carrying the antenna, low wind resistance can be achieved, and the antenna's shape conforms to the projectile-borne environment. For example, the protective shield is made of high-strength fiberglass material, and its surface is coated with a high-temperature resistant insulating material, thus achieving good high-temperature resistance and light weight, meeting the overload requirements of the projectile-borne environment and withstanding significant aerodynamic drag.

[0038] like Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a vibrator provided in an embodiment of the present invention. By providing multiple screw holes on at least one vibrator, wherein the screw holes of each vibrator are in the same position, it is convenient for multiple screws to pass through the screw holes of at least one vibrator and fix at least one vibrator to the antenna base 140, wherein the number of screws is the same as the number of screw holes on any one vibrator. Figure 3 The structure of the true oscillator is described using the first oscillator as an example. For instance, if at least one oscillator includes a first oscillator 111, a second oscillator 112, and a third oscillator 113, and there are four screws, with four screw holes on each oscillator, the screw holes on the first oscillator 111, second oscillator 112, and third oscillator 113 are in the same position. By sequentially passing the screws through the corresponding screw holes of the first oscillator 111, second oscillator 112, and third oscillator 113, the first oscillator 111, second oscillator 112, and third oscillator 113 are fixed to the antenna base 140. Each oscillator has a radiating layer on its upper surface; exemplarily, the radiating layer is a copper-clad layer.

[0039] like Figure 4 The diagram shows a schematic of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The first copper layer 1110 of the first element 111 in the antenna 100 includes a first solder point 1111 and a second solder point 1112. The first solder point is used to solder to the first end of the PIN pin 120, facilitating subsequent energy transmission through the first copper layer 1110 to the PIN pin 120, enabling direct-feed energy transmission between the first element 111 and the second element 112. The second solder point 1112 is used to solder to the first end of the connector 130, facilitating subsequent energy transmission through the connector 130 to the first copper layer 1110, thereby enabling direct-feed and coupling energy transmission between the first element 111 and the second element 112, and coupling energy transmission between the second element 112 and the third element 113, resulting in a wider antenna bandwidth. The second copper layer 1120 includes a third solder point 1121, which is used to solder to the second end of the PIN pin 120.

[0040] Optionally, the energy transmission process of the antenna is as follows: connector 130 is used to transmit the second energy to the second copper layer 1120 of the second oscillator 112 via coupling through the first copper layer 1110; PIN pin 120 is also used to transmit the first energy to the second copper layer 1120 of the second oscillator 112 via direct feed; the second copper layer 1120 of the second oscillator 112 is used to transmit the first energy and the second energy to the third copper layer 1130 of the third oscillator 113 via coupling; the third copper layer 1130 of the third oscillator 113 is used to transmit the first energy and the second energy.

[0041] Optionally, the thickness ratio of the first element 111, the second element 112, and the third element 113 is 1:6:5. By setting the thickness and number of elements, the antenna can achieve both ultra-wideband performance and miniaturization.

[0042] like Figure 5 The figure shows an antenna standing wave diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the bandwidth range of the antenna is [827, 854]. In this application, the first and second elements transmit energy through direct feed and coupling, and the second and third elements transmit energy through coupling, thereby achieving a wide bandwidth for the antenna.

[0043] like Figure 6 The image shown is an antenna pattern provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] In the embodiments of this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] In embodiments of this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0046] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0047] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized by The antenna comprises at least one vibrator, a PIN, a connector and an antenna base. The upper surface of the at least one vibrator is covered with a copper layer; the at least one vibrator comprises a first vibrator, a second vibrator and a third vibrator which are stacked from bottom to top. The connector is nested in the antenna base, and the first end of the connector penetrates the first vibrator and is connected with the first copper layer of the first vibrator. The PIN penetrates the second vibrator, and the first end of the PIN is connected with the first copper layer on the first vibrator, and the second end of the PIN is connected with the second copper layer on the second vibrator. The PIN transmits energy between the first copper layer and the second copper layer by direct feeding. The first copper layer, the second copper layer and the third copper layer of the third vibrator transmit energy by coupling. The third copper layer is used for energy transmission and reception.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein Further comprising: a shield; The at least one vibrator is located in the accommodation space composed of the shield and the antenna base.

3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein The shape of the shield is consistent with the shape of the elastic body carrying the antenna.

4. The antenna of claim 2, wherein, The shield is made of high-strength glass fiber material, and the surface of the shield is filled with high-temperature-resistant thermal insulation material.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of screw holes are provided on the at least one vibrator, and the screw holes of each vibrator are in the same position. The at least one vibrator is fixed to the antenna base by screws passing through the screw holes.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The radiation layer is the copper layer.

7. The antenna of claim 1, wherein The first copper layer comprises a first soldering point and a second soldering point; the first soldering point is used for soldering with the first end of the PIN; and the second soldering point is used for soldering with the first end of the connector.

8. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The second copper layer comprises a third soldering point, which is used for soldering with the second end of the PIN.

9. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The connector is used for transmitting second energy to the second copper layer of the second vibrator by coupling through the first copper layer. The PIN is also used for transmitting first energy to the second copper layer of the second vibrator by direct feeding. The second copper layer of the second vibrator is used for transmitting the first energy and the second energy to the third copper layer of the third vibrator by coupling. The third copper layer of the third vibrator is used for emitting the first energy and the second energy.

10. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The thickness ratio of the first vibrator, the second vibrator and the third vibrator is 1:6:5.

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