Electro-rheological polishing tool and method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of electrorheological polishing tools and polishing method, wherein polishing tool includes electrode mounting structure, positive-negative electrode integrated metal plate, array positive metal plate and array negative metal plate, array insulating plate, electrode integrated clamping positioning module, positive-negative electrode integrated metal plate is connected with the electrode mounting structure, positive electrode integrated metal plate and negative electrode integrated metal plate on the positive-negative electrode integrated metal plate are respectively connected with the positive electrode and negative electrode of electrorheological system subassembly;Array positive metal plate and array negative metal plate are alternately arranged and respectively connected with the positive electrode integrated metal plate and negative electrode integrated metal plate;Array insulating plate is arranged between array positive metal plate and array negative metal plate.Compared with prior art, electrorheological polishing cutter in the present application is not limited to the limitation of material, and metal material and non-metal material are applicable;Integrated polishing electrode, compared with single electrode, integrated electrode has higher polishing efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electrorheological polishing, in particular to an electrorheological polishing tool and a polishing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fine and narrow grooves have wide applications in optics and medicine, for example, the fine and narrow grooves on germanium crystal pieces require the inner surface to have certain light reflection function, and the inner surface roughness of medical device fine and narrow grooves should be within a certain range because good surface quality can prevent the rust of medical devices. In many cases, fine and narrow grooves belong to semi-closed structures and have large inner wall surface area, and polishing of fine and deep semi-closed narrow grooves is a very difficult engineering task.

[0003] The polishing of fine and narrow grooves can be performed by mechanical grinding, chemical mechanical polishing and magnetorheological polishing. Traditional mechanical grinding is limited in application due to insufficient rigidity of the tool, poor accessibility and generation of internal stress, and mechanical scratches are easily generated during polishing. Chemical mechanical polishing improves the polishing quality compared with mechanical polishing, but still involves the design of grinding wheels and requires a higher requirement for the entire processing system. Magnetorheological polishing is a non-contact flexible polishing technology, but requires the redesign of a magnetic field generating device, which is costly and has a large size of the grinding head. Therefore, it is difficult to adapt to the polishing of fine and deep semi-closed narrow grooves. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an electrorheological polishing tool and method for fine and narrow grooves, which is mainly used for the polishing of semi-closed structures of metal or non-metal fine and narrow grooves, and is also applicable to the polishing of open surfaces, and has certain universal applicability.

[0005] The object of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] In the conception process, the applicant believes that the electrorheological polishing and the magnetorheological polishing have similar processing principles, that is, a flexible polishing head formed by using the rheological effect is used to fit the surface to be polished, but compared with the magnetorheological polishing, the electrorheological polishing has the advantages of easy establishment of electric field, small polishing head, various shapes, low power, etc., and has good application prospect in the polishing field. Based on the structure of fine and deep narrow grooves, the present application proposes an electrorheological polishing tool and method specially used for such structures.

[0007] The first aspect of the present application provides an electrorheological polishing tool for polishing of semi-closed fine and narrow groove structures or open plane structures of metal or non-metal, which comprises an electrode mounting structure, a positive-negative electrode integrated metal plate, an array of positive electrode metal plates and an array of negative electrode metal plates, an array of insulating plates, and an electrode integrated clamping and positioning module, wherein specifically:

[0008] An electrode mounting structure connected with the electrorheological system subassembly;

[0009] A positive-negative electrode integrated metal plate connected with the electrode mounting structure, the positive electrode integrated metal plate and the negative electrode integrated metal plate on the positive-negative electrode integrated metal plate are respectively electrically connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electrorheological system subassembly;

[0010] An array positive electrode metal plate and an array negative electrode metal plate, which are alternately arranged and respectively electrically connected with the positive electrode integrated metal plate and the negative electrode integrated metal plate;

[0011] An array insulating plate arranged between the array positive electrode metal plate and the array negative electrode metal plate;

[0012] An electrode integrated clamping and positioning module for limiting the array positive electrode metal plate, the array negative electrode metal plate and the array insulating plate.

[0013] Further, the electrode mounting structure is a U-shaped plate structure, and the electrode mounting structure is clamped on the positive-negative electrode integrated metal plate.

[0014] Further, the electrode mounting structure is provided with a bolt hole, and the electrorheological system subassembly is fixed to the bolt hole position through a bolt.

[0015] Further, one side of the positive electrode integrated metal plate and the negative electrode integrated metal plate on the positive-negative electrode integrated metal plate is provided with a pin tooth, so as to form a pin tooth type current distribution structure.

[0016] Further, the same side of the array positive electrode metal plate and the array negative electrode metal plate has a reduced width at one end, so as to form a pin tooth electrical connection structure which only contacts the corresponding electrode pin tooth.

[0017] Further, the corresponding pin tooth of the adjacent array positive electrode metal plate and the corresponding pin tooth of the array negative electrode metal plate are separated by the array insulating plate, the corresponding pin tooth of the array positive electrode metal plate is electrically connected with the positive electrode integrated metal plate, and the corresponding pin tooth of the array negative electrode metal plate is electrically connected with the negative electrode integrated metal plate.

[0018] Further, the corresponding pin tooth of the array positive electrode metal plate does not contact the negative electrode integrated metal plate, and the corresponding pin tooth of the array negative electrode metal plate does not contact the positive electrode integrated metal plate.

[0019] Further, the electrode integrated clamping and positioning module comprises a Y-direction clamping and positioning plate and an X-direction clamping and positioning plate.

[0020] The two X-direction clamping and positioning plates are attached to the two side surfaces of the array insulating plate, the array positive electrode metal plate and the array negative electrode metal plate, so as to hinder the high-voltage breakdown of the adjacent array positive electrode metal plate and the array negative electrode metal plate exposed to the air.

[0021] Further, X-direction fastening positioning mounting holes are formed at corresponding positions of the two X-direction fastening positioning plates, and the two X-direction fastening positioning plates are fastened by first fasteners at the X-direction fastening positioning mounting holes.

[0022] The X-direction fastening positioning plates are provided with mounting plug holes facing the Y-direction, and Y-direction positioning threaded holes are formed on the Y-direction fastening positioning plates, and the Y-direction positioning threaded holes are penetrated by second fasteners and fastened on the X-direction fastening positioning plates.

[0023] Further, the thickness of the array insulation plate, the array positive metal plate and the array negative metal plate is preferably 0.5 mm; the array insulation plate of the electro-rheological tool electrode integration is made of nylon or organic glass, and the array positive metal plate and the array negative metal plate are made of copper plate or stainless steel plate; the array insulation plate, the array positive metal plate and the array negative metal plate of the electro-rheological tool electrode integration are connected by adhesive bonding; the width of one end of the array positive metal plate and the array negative metal plate is reduced to prevent short circuit caused by contact with the negative integrated metal plate and the positive metal plate

[0024] Further, the positive integrated metal plate and the negative integrated metal plate are made into a gear-shape structure to position and install the array insulation plate, the array positive metal plate and the array negative metal plate arranged in a cycle phase, and to help centralized power supply of the array positive metal plate and the array negative metal plate, and the positive integrated metal plate and the negative integrated metal plate are made of copper plate or stainless steel plate.

[0025] Further, the electrode integration fastening positioning module includes left and right fastening positioning plates and front and rear fastening positioning plates, etc.; the front and rear fastening positioning plates are respectively attached to the front and rear surfaces formed by the array insulation plate, the array positive metal plate and the array negative metal plate.

[0026] The second aspect of the present application provides a method for electro-rheological polishing using the above tool, which comprises the following steps:

[0027] Power is supplied to make the electric field generated by the array positive metal plate and the array negative metal plate arranged in a cycle phase cause liquid-solid phase transition of the polishing liquid;

[0028] Polishing, when the electro-rheological polishing tool and the machined part fine and narrow groove move relatively, the two planes of X-direction composed of the array insulation plate, the array positive metal plate and the array negative metal plate and the bottom surface of the electro-rheological tool electrode integration all play a polishing role on the machined part.

[0029] The principle of the present application is as follows: the whole tool is composed of an electrorheological cutter electrode integration, left and right clamping positioning plates, front and rear clamping positioning plates, an electrode mounting structure, etc.; the electrorheological cutter electrode integration is mainly composed of an array insulating plate, an array positive metal plate, an array negative metal plate and a positive and negative integrated metal plate, wherein the array insulating plate is used to prevent the array positive and negative metal plates from generating a discharge phenomenon, the positive and negative metal plates are arranged in a cycle phase to generate a continuous electric field, and the positive and negative integrated metal plate is used to integrate the positive and negative metal plates in the positive and negative integrated metal plates respectively so as to concentrate power supply; the left and right clamping positioning plates limit the electrorheological cutter electrode integration to the middle position by mechanical connection to prevent left and right displacement; the front and rear clamping positioning plates prevent the electrorheological cutter electrode integration from moving forward and backward, and ensure that the front, rear and bottom surfaces of the array positive metal plate, the array negative metal plate and the array insulating plate are on the same horizontal plane; the electrode mounting structure is used to mount the electrorheological system subassembly on the main shaft. When the power is turned on, the electric field generated by the array metal plates with positive and negative phases causes the electrorheological fluid to undergo a liquid-solid phase change, at this time, when the electrorheological cutter total system and the fine and narrow groove are relatively moved by the workpiece, the front and rear planes and the bottom surface composed of the array insulating plate, the array positive metal plate and the array negative metal plate all have a polishing effect on the workpiece; compared with the electrorheological single-electrode polishing, the electrorheological polishing tool scheme for fine and narrow grooves provided by the present application is more suitable for engineering application of polishing.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following technical advantages:

[0031] (1) The electrorheological polishing cutter provided by the present application is not limited by materials, and is suitable for both metal materials and non-metal materials;

[0032] (2) The electrorheological polishing cutter provided by the present application is an integrated polishing electrode, and has higher polishing efficiency than a single electrode;

[0033] (3) The parts in the electrorheological polishing cutter system provided by the present application are simple structural elements, and are convenient to manufacture and realize large-scale manufacturing and processing;

[0034] (4) The positive and negative integrated metal plates provide a new power supply mode, which is convenient for concentrated power supply to the array positive metal plate and the array negative metal plate;

[0035] (5) The present application is not only suitable for fine and narrow groove machining, but also suitable for plane polishing, and has unique machining capability for deep and fine narrow groove polishing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 The assembly drawing of the electrorheological cutter total system of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 Figure 1 is a three-dimensional model diagram of the total system of the electrorheological tool;

[0038] Figure 3 Figure 2 is a model diagram of the subassembly of the electrorheological tool system;

[0039] Figure 4 Figure 3 is a model diagram of the electrode integration assembly of the electrorheological tool;

[0040] Figure 5 Figure 4 is a model diagram of the electrode insulation assembly of the electrorheological tool;

[0041] Figure 6 Figure 5 is a three-dimensional model diagram of the array positive and negative electrodes;

[0042] Figure 7 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the principle of electrorheological machining;

[0043] Figure 8 Figure 7 is a B area enlarged view of Figure 1 Figure 8.

[0044] Figure legend: 1, electrode mounting structure, 2, positive-negative electrode integrated metal plate, 3, X-direction clamping positioning plate, 4, Y-direction clamping positioning plate, 5, array positive electrode metal plate, 6, array negative electrode metal plate, 7, array insulation plate, 8, X-direction clamping positioning plate mounting hole, 9, Y-direction positioning threaded hole, 10, mounting plug hole, 11, bolt hole, 12, polishing liquid, 13, workpiece, 14, power supply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "front", "back", "left", "right", "middle" and the like indicate the orientation relationship based on the orientation relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0046] In the technical solution, if the part model, material name, connection structure, control method, algorithm and other features are not explicitly stated, they are considered as common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] Referring to Figures 1 to 6 , the present embodiment provides an electrorheological polishing tool for fine and narrow slot structure or open plane structure of metal or non-metal semi-closed fine and narrow slot structure, which comprises an electrorheological tool electrode integration, an electrode integration positioning module and an electrode mounting structure 1, and refers to Figure 1 .

[0049] In the embodiment, the electrorheological tool electrode integration includes array insulation plate 7, array positive metal plate 5, array negative metal plate 6 and positive-negative integrated metal plate 2, see Figure 1 and 8 .

[0050] In the embodiment, the electrorheological tool electrode integration is composed of cyclically arranged array insulation plate 7, array positive metal plate 5 and array negative metal plate 6, see Figure 8 The thickness of array insulation plate 7, array positive metal plate 5 and array negative metal plate 6 is preferably 0.5 mm. Array insulation plate 7 of the electrorheological tool electrode integration is made of nylon or organic glass, and array positive metal plate 5 and array negative metal plate 6 are made of copper plate or stainless steel plate. Array insulation plate 7, array positive metal plate 5 and array negative metal plate 6 of the electrorheological tool electrode integration are connected by adhesive bonding. The width of one end of array positive metal plate 5 and array negative metal plate 6 is reduced to form a sharp end that only contacts the corresponding electrode insert gear, and a gap is formed between the corresponding integrated metal plates of the opposite electrode to prevent short circuit caused by contact with the positive-negative integrated metal plate 2.

[0051] In the embodiment, the positive-negative integrated metal plate 2 is made into an insert gear structure, wherein the opposite sides of the positive corresponding integrated metal plate and the negative corresponding integrated metal plate are both provided with insert gears, the positive corresponding insert gears and the negative corresponding insert gears are separated by array insulation plate 7, and the positive corresponding insert gears do not contact the negative corresponding metal integrated plate, and the negative corresponding insert gears do not contact the positive corresponding metal integrated plate, see Figure 3 and 4 The structure adopted in the technical solution is convenient for positioning and installing the cyclically arranged array insulation plate 7, array positive metal plate 5 and array negative metal plate 6, and is also helpful for centralized power supply of array positive metal plate 5 and array negative metal plate 6. The positive-negative integrated metal plate 2 is made of copper plate or stainless steel plate.

[0052] In the embodiment, the electrode integration clamping and positioning module includes Y-direction clamping and positioning plate 4 (left and right clamping and positioning plates) and X-direction clamping and positioning plate 3 (front and rear clamping and positioning plates). The two X-direction clamping and positioning plates 3 are respectively attached to the front and rear surfaces formed by array insulation plate 7, array positive metal plate 5 and array negative metal plate 6, and effectively prevent high-voltage breakdown of the adjacent array positive metal plate 5 and array negative metal plate 6 exposed to the air. X-direction clamping and positioning plate 3 is provided with X-direction clamping and positioning mounting hole 8, and the X-direction clamping and positioning plates 3 are connected together by mechanical connection. The two ends of X-direction clamping and positioning plate 3 are provided with mounting plug hole 10. Y-direction clamping and positioning plate 4 is provided with Y-direction positioning threaded hole 9.

[0053] In the embodiment, the electrode installation structure 1 is provided with bolt hole 11 in the middle, seeFigure 1 The electrode mounting structure 1 and the electrorheological system assembly are connected in a mechanical manner.

[0054] In addition, the present application also provides an electrorheological polishing method for a narrow groove, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0055] Referring to Figure 7 When the power supply 14 is turned on, the electric field generated by the array of positive metal plates 5 and the array of negative metal plates 6 arranged in a circulating phase causes the liquid-solid phase transition of the polishing liquid 12. At this time, when the electrorheological tool total system and the narrow groove of the workpiece 13 move relatively, the front and rear planes and the bottom surface composed of the array of insulating plates 7, the array of positive metal plates 5 and the array of negative metal plates 6 all play a polishing role on the workpiece 13.

[0056] During the specific polishing, based on the material of the workpiece, there are two cases: the first case is that the workpiece is a non-metal, and the positive and negative electrodes (through the positive integrated metal plate and the negative integrated metal plate on the positive-negative electrode integrated metal plate 2) are connected to the array of positive metal plates 5 and the array of negative metal plates 6 respectively; the second case is that the workpiece is a metal, and one of the positive and negative electrodes is connected to the workpiece 13, and the other is connected to all the array of metal plates. This scheme mainly processes non-metals, so the metal plates are divided into the array of positive metal plates 5 and the array of negative metal plates 6. That is, if the workpiece is a metal, the positive and negative electrodes of the metal plates will not be distinguished.

[0057] In the embodiment, when the electrorheological tool designed in the manufacturing embodiment is processed, the material selection and processing mode of the workpiece are as follows:

[0058] Referring to Figure 4 In the electrode integration of the electrorheological tool, the array of positive metal plates 5 and the array of negative metal 6 can be made of stainless steel plates or copper plates with good conductivity, and are obtained by wire cutting or other mechanical processing methods;

[0059] The array of insulating plates 7 can be made of non-metallic materials such as organic glass, nylon or ceramic, and is obtained by mechanical cutting or 3D printing of nylon plate parts;

[0060] The positive-negative electrode integrated metal plate 2 can be made of stainless steel plates or copper plates with good conductivity, and is obtained by milling and wire cutting;

[0061] The left and right clamping positioning plates 4, the front and rear clamping positioning plates 3 and the electrode mounting structure 1 are all made of organic glass and are obtained by milling and mechanical cutting;

[0062] In the embodiment, when the designed electrorheological tool is installed, the installation steps of the components are as follows:

[0063] Step one: the making of the electro-rheological tool electrode integration is through the connection mode of bonding to arrange the array insulating plate 7, the array positive metal plate 5 and the array negative metal plate 6 in a cyclic phase;

[0064] Step two: the electro-rheological tool electrode integration is installed in the formed pin inside of the positive-negative integrated metal plate 2 in the form of interference fit to form a whole;

[0065] Step three: the left and right clamping positioning plates 4 and the front and rear clamping positioning plates 3 are respectively installed in the left and right and front and rear positions of the electro-rheological tool electrode integration through the mixed mode of mechanical connection and bonding;

[0066] Step four: the electrode installation structure 1 is first installed on the machine tool through the mechanical connection mode, and then the electrode installation structure 1 is connected with the whole of step three through the mechanical connection mode.

[0067] The above description of the embodiments is for the convenience of the ordinary skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. Those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments, and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without having to go through creative labor. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and the improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application should be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An electrorheological polishing tool for polishing of metal or non-metal semi-enclosed narrow slot structures or open planar structures, characterized in that, The electro-rheological polishing tool comprises: an electrode mounting structure (1) connected with an electro-rheological system subassembly; a positive-negative electrode integrated metal plate (2) connected with the electrode mounting structure (1), wherein a positive electrode integrated metal plate and a negative electrode integrated metal plate on the positive-negative electrode integrated metal plate (2) are electrically connected with a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the electro-rheological system subassembly, respectively; an array positive electrode metal plate (5) and an array negative electrode metal plate (6) arranged alternately and electrically connected with the positive electrode integrated metal plate and the negative electrode integrated metal plate, respectively; an array insulating plate (7) arranged between the array positive electrode metal plate (5) and the array negative electrode metal plate (6); an electrode integrated clamping and positioning module for limiting the array positive electrode metal plate (5), the array negative electrode metal plate (6) and the array insulating plate (7); the electrode integrated clamping and positioning module comprises a Y-direction clamping and positioning plate (4) and an X-direction clamping and positioning plate (3); two X-direction clamping and positioning plates (3) are attached to two side surfaces of the array insulating plate (7), the array positive electrode metal plate (5) and the array negative electrode metal plate (6) to hinder high-voltage breakdown of the adjacent array positive electrode metal plate (5) and the array negative electrode metal plate (6) exposed to air; X-direction clamping and positioning mounting holes (8) are formed in corresponding positions of the two X-direction clamping and positioning plates (3), and the two X-direction clamping and positioning plates (3) are fastened by first fasteners at the X-direction clamping and positioning mounting holes (8); X-direction clamping and positioning plate (3) ends are provided with Y-direction mounting plug holes (10), and Y-direction positioning threaded holes (9) are formed in the Y-direction clamping and positioning plate (4), and the Y-direction positioning threaded holes (9) are penetrated by second fasteners and fastened to the X-direction clamping and positioning plate (3).

2. The electrorheological polishing tool of claim 1, wherein The electrode mounting structure (1) is a U-shaped plate structure, and the electrode mounting structure (1) is clamped on the positive-negative electrode integrated metal plate (2).

3. The electrorheological polishing tool of claim 1, wherein Bolt holes (11) are formed in the electrode mounting structure (1), and the electro-rheological system subassembly is fixed to the bolt holes (11) by bolts.

4. The electrorheological polishing tool of claim 1, wherein, One side of the positive electrode integrated metal plate and the negative electrode integrated metal plate on the positive-negative electrode integrated metal plate (2) is provided with a pin tooth, thereby forming a pin tooth type current distribution structure.

5. An electrorheological polishing tool according to claim 4, wherein The same side of the array positive electrode metal plate (5) and the array negative electrode metal plate (6) has a reduced width at one end, thereby forming a pin tooth type electrical connection structure which only contacts corresponding electrode pin teeth.

6. The electrorheological polishing tool of claim 5, wherein, Corresponding pin teeth of adjacent array positive electrode metal plates (5) and array negative electrode metal plates (6) are separated by the array insulating plate (7), the corresponding pin teeth of the array positive electrode metal plate (5) are electrically connected with the positive electrode integrated metal plate, and the corresponding pin teeth of the array negative electrode metal plate (6) are electrically connected with the negative electrode integrated metal plate.

7. An electrorheological polishing tool according to claim 6, wherein The corresponding pin teeth of the array positive electrode metal plate (5) are not in contact with the negative electrode integrated metal plate, and the corresponding pin teeth of the array negative electrode metal plate (6) are not in contact with the positive electrode integrated metal plate.

8. An electrorheological polishing method using the tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: electricity is supplied to make the electric field generated by the cyclically arranged array positive electrode metal plate (5) and the array negative electrode metal plate (6) cause the liquid-solid phase change of the polishing liquid (12); When the electro-rheological polishing tool and the workpiece (13) are in relative motion, the X-direction two planes composed of the array of insulating plates (7), the array of positive metal plates (5) and the array of negative metal plates (6) and the bottom surface of the electro-rheological tool electrode integrally polish the workpiece (13).

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