Bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition electrode and ignition system

Abstract

This invention discloses a bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition nozzle, comprising: a cylinder; a bidirectional piston, slidably disposed along the inner wall of the cylinder, dividing the cylinder's air chamber into an upper air chamber and a lower air chamber; an end cap, fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder, the end cap having an interconnected end cap air inlet channel and an end cap high-pressure air nozzle, the end cap high-pressure air nozzle communicating with the upper air chamber; a mounting flange, fixedly connected to the other end of the cylinder, the mounting flange having an interconnected mounting flange air inlet channel and a mounting flange high-pressure air nozzle, the mounting flange high-pressure air nozzle communicating with the lower air chamber, and the mounting flange having a through hole; and an ignition rod, extending and retracting through the end cap into the cylinder and fixedly connected to the bidirectional piston, the ignition rod protruding from the bidirectional piston towards the mounting flange. This reduces the risk of ignition rod ablation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heavy-duty gas turbine ignition nozzle technology, specifically to a bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition nozzle and ignition system. Background Technology

[0002] Heavy-duty gas turbine power generation technology has advantages such as fast start-up speed, strong fuel adaptability, high combustion efficiency, low pollutant emissions, compact structure, and easy peak shaving.

[0003] The combustion chamber, as a core component of a gas turbine, primarily functions to convert the chemical energy of fuel into the thermal and potential energy of the combustion gas. The expanded combustion gas then drives the turbine to perform work. During gas turbine operation, the reliability of combustion chamber ignition is a crucial technical indicator, a prerequisite for the normal operation of the entire system. Furthermore, heavy-duty gas turbines require frequent start-ups and shutdowns during grid peak shaving, placing even higher demands on the stability and reliability of the ignition system.

[0004] To reduce the impact of the high temperature and high pressure environment in the combustion chamber on the lifespan of the ignition nozzle, retractable ignition nozzles are often used in heavy-duty gas turbines.

[0005] There has been much research on retractable ignition nozzles both domestically and internationally. One existing retractable ignition device suitable for heavy-duty gas turbines works on the following principle: during ignition, the ignition rod of the ignition nozzle is pushed into the combustion chamber by the spring force. After successful ignition, the ignition rod is pulled out of the combustion chamber by the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the combustion chamber or by compressed air. However, in this type of retractable ignition nozzle, the spring in the ignition nozzle is always in a compressed state when the nozzle is not ignited. Over time, this will affect the spring force, causing the ignition rod to fail to reliably penetrate into the combustion chamber for ignition.

[0006] To overcome the problem that the spring is always in a compressed state when not ignited, affecting the spring force, another type of retractable ignition nozzle has emerged. Its principle is as follows: during ignition, compressed air pushes the piston to move. The piston drives the ignition rod, which is fixedly connected to it, to continue to extend out of the through hole at the bottom of the cylinder and into the combustion chamber for ignition. At the same time, the spring that is against the piston is compressed. After successful ignition, the air pressure above the piston is reduced, and the spring will rebound, which can push the piston back to its original position. During the piston's return to its original position, the ignition rod is driven out of the combustion chamber.

[0007] However, this type of retractable ignition nozzle still has shortcomings:

[0008] Over time, the elasticity of the spring decreases, causing the piston to return to its original position at a slower speed, which in turn increases the risk of the ignition rod being burned.

[0009] Given the shortcomings of existing technologies, it is necessary to design a bidirectional controllable ignition nozzle and ignition system for heavy-duty gas turbines. Summary of the Invention

[0010] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the elasticity of the spring will decrease after long-term use, the piston return speed will decrease, and the risk of ignition rod being burned will increase. The present invention provides a bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition nozzle and ignition system.

[0011] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0012] A bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition electrode, the ignition electrode comprising:

[0013] cylinder;

[0014] A bidirectional piston is slidably disposed along the inner wall of the cylinder, and the bidirectional piston divides the cavity inside the cylinder into an upper air chamber and a lower air chamber;

[0015] An end cap is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder. The end cap has an air inlet channel, an air collection ring cavity, and a high-pressure air nozzle connected in sequence. The high-pressure air nozzle is connected to the upper air chamber.

[0016] A mounting flange is fixedly connected to the other end of the cylinder. The mounting flange has an air inlet channel, an outer air collecting ring cavity, and a high-pressure air nozzle that are connected in sequence. The high-pressure air nozzle is connected to the lower air chamber. A perforated ignition rod is provided on the mounting flange, which extends and retracts through the end cover into the cylinder and is fixedly connected to the bidirectional piston. The ignition rod protrudes from the bidirectional piston in the direction of the mounting flange.

[0017] Furthermore, the mounting flange is also provided with an inner gas collecting ring cavity and a sealing air channel that are sequentially connected to the air inlet channel of the mounting flange, and the sealing air channel is connected to the through hole.

[0018] Furthermore, the sealed air channel is continuously arranged around the through hole.

[0019] Furthermore, the sealed air passage is inclined downwards, and / or the sealed air passage is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the ignition rod.

[0020] Furthermore, the height of the sealed air channel is 1mm-3mm.

[0021] Furthermore, the lower end of the bidirectional piston has a piston conical sealing surface facing the mounting flange, and the end of the through hole facing the piston is correspondingly provided with a mounting flange conical sealing surface. The ignition nozzle is in an ignition state, and in the ignition state, the piston conical sealing surface and the mounting flange conical sealing surface are in close contact.

[0022] Furthermore, the mounting flange tapered sealing surface is continuously arranged around the through hole, and / or the piston tapered sealing surface is continuously arranged around the ignition rod.

[0023] Furthermore, the high-pressure air nozzles on the end cap are arranged at intervals around the ignition rod, and / or the diameter of the high-pressure air nozzles on the end cap is 3mm-6mm, and / or the high-pressure air nozzles on the mounting flange are arranged at intervals around the through hole, and / or the diameter of the high-pressure air nozzles on the mounting flange is 3mm-6mm.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes an upper chamber buffer spring located in the upper air chamber and a lower chamber buffer spring located in the lower air chamber.

[0025] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The present invention provides a bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition nozzle, wherein a bidirectional piston is slidably disposed along the inner wall of a cylinder, dividing the cylinder's gas chamber into an upper gas chamber and a lower gas chamber. An end cap is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder, and the end cap has an interconnected end cap air inlet channel and an end cap high-pressure air nozzle, the latter connecting to the upper gas chamber. A mounting flange is fixedly connected to the other end of the cylinder, and the mounting flange has an interconnected mounting flange air inlet channel and a mounting flange high-pressure air nozzle, the latter connecting to the lower gas chamber. A through hole is provided on the mounting flange. An ignition rod extends and retracts through the end cap into the cylinder and is fixedly connected to the bidirectional piston. The ignition rod protrudes from the bidirectional piston towards the mounting flange. Thus, when ignition is required, high-pressure air is introduced into the end cap air inlet channel, and the high-pressure air is introduced from the end cap high-pressure air nozzle. Air is injected into the upper air chamber through the air nozzle, forcing the piston to move towards the mounting flange, which in turn drives the ignition rod into the combustion chamber for ignition. After ignition, the high-pressure air in the upper air chamber is discharged from the high-pressure air nozzle and the air intake channel of the end cover to reduce the air pressure above the piston. At the same time, the high-pressure air is introduced into the high-pressure air nozzle of the mounting flange through the air intake channel of the mounting flange, and then injected into the lower air chamber to increase the air pressure below the piston. This increase and decrease can improve the piston return speed, thereby reducing the risk of ignition rod burning. In addition, the high-pressure air injected into the lower air chamber can also cool the cylinder and the part of the ignition rod located in the lower air chamber. Furthermore, the high-pressure air injected into the lower air chamber can also maintain a higher air pressure in the lower air chamber, which can reduce the amount of annular air and high-temperature combustion gas entering the cylinder, thereby improving the service life of the ignition nozzle.

[0027] 2. The bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition nozzle provided by this invention also has an inner gas collecting ring cavity and a sealed air channel on the mounting flange, which are sequentially connected to the air inlet channel of the mounting flange. The sealed air channel is connected to a through hole. In this way, after successful ignition, when the ignition rod begins to retract from the combustion chamber, high-pressure air can be sprayed from the air inlet channel of the mounting flange, the inner gas collecting ring cavity of the mounting flange, and the sealed air channel onto the gap between the ignition rod and the through hole. This has three effects: First, it forms an air seal effect, ensuring the establishment of high-pressure air pressure in the lower gas chamber and increasing the retraction speed of the ignition rod; second, it can reduce the entry of annular air and high-temperature gas into the cylinder, affecting the service life of the ignition nozzle; third, the high-pressure air entering the through hole from the sealed air channel can also cool the ignition rod, improving the service life of the ignition rod.

[0028] 3. The bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition nozzle provided by the present invention has a piston conical sealing surface formed at the lower end of the bidirectional piston facing the mounting flange, and a mounting flange conical sealing surface corresponding to the end of the through hole facing the piston. The ignition nozzle has an ignition state. In the ignition state, the piston conical sealing surface and the mounting flange conical sealing surface are tightly fitted. In this way, the risk of annular air and high-temperature gas entering the cylinder in the ignition state can be reduced, and the service life of the ignition nozzle can be improved.

[0029] A bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition system, the ignition system comprising:

[0030] The aforementioned bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition electrode;

[0031] air pump;

[0032] A reversing control valve is connected to the air pump via a pipeline;

[0033] The energy storage device is electrically connected to the ignition rod;

[0034] The mounting flange high-pressure air inlet pipe is connected at one end to the reversing control valve and at the other end to the mounting flange air inlet channel.

[0035] The high-pressure air inlet pipe of the end cap is connected at one end to the reversing control valve and at the other end to the air inlet channel of the end cap.

[0036] The control device is electrically connected to the reversing control valve and the energy storage device, respectively; wherein,

[0037] The control device is adapted to control the reversing control valve to open the charging path from the air pump to the high-pressure air inlet pipe of the end cover according to the ignition signal, and to control the energy storage device to energize the ignition rod; the control device is adapted to control the reversing control valve to disconnect the charging path from the air pump to the high-pressure air inlet pipe of the end cover, open the exhaust path from the high-pressure air inlet pipe of the end cover through the reversing control valve, and open the charging path from the air pump to the high-pressure air inlet pipe of the mounting flange according to the stop ignition signal.

[0038] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages:

[0039] 1. The bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition system provided by the present invention has all the advantages of the aforementioned ignition nozzle. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the ignition nozzle in the retracted state of the ignition rod in this invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the ignition nozzle in the extended state of the ignition rod in this invention.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the end cap in this invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the mounting flange in this invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition system of the present invention.

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0047] 1. Ignition rod; 2. Ignition positive electrode; 3. Ignition rod housing; 4. Insulating ceramic tube; 5. Ignition rod positive electrode connector; 6. Ignition cable mounting thread; 7. End cap; 71. Insertion hole; 8. Sealing ring; 9. Bolt; 10. Piston; 11. Cylinder; 12. First-stage piston ring; 234. Piston ring; 13. Second-stage piston ring; 14. Third-stage piston ring; 15. Mounting flange; 151. Through hole; 16. Piston conical sealing surface; 17. Upper chamber buffer spring; 18. Lower chamber buffer spring; 19. Upper air chamber; 20. Lower air chamber; 21. End cap high-pressure air inlet pipe; 22. End cap air inlet channel; 2 3. End cap air collecting ring cavity; 24. End cap high-pressure air nozzle; 25. End cap sealing groove; 26. Mounting flange conical sealing surface; 27. Mounting flange high-pressure air inlet pipe; 28. Mounting flange air inlet channel; 29. ​​Mounting flange outer air collecting ring cavity; 30. Mounting flange inner air collecting ring cavity; 31. Mounting flange high-pressure air nozzle; 32. Sealed air channel; 33. Mounting flange sealing groove; 34. Air pump; 35. Pressure regulating valve; 36. Reversing control valve; 37. Control device; 38. Energy storage device; 39. Ignition nozzle; a. Ring cavity air channel; b. Combustion chamber gas channel; c. Flame tube wall. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition nozzle.

[0054] exist Figure 1 From this perspective, the ignition nozzle 39 is fixed to the side wall of the annular air passage a, and below the annular air passage a is the combustion chamber gas passage b. In this embodiment, the ignition nozzle 39 includes a cylinder 11, a bidirectional piston 10, an ignition rod 1, an upper chamber buffer spring 17, and a lower chamber buffer spring 18.

[0055] The ignition rod 1 has a retracted state and an extended state. In the retracted state, the ignition end of the ignition rod 1 is located outside the gas passage b of the combustion chamber, but the ignition rod 1 enters the annular air passage a and continues to extend downwards into the through hole on the flame tube wall c of the combustion chamber, specifically as follows: Figure 1 As shown. In the extended state, as Figure 2 As shown, the ignition end of the ignition rod 1 extends into the gas passage b of the combustion chamber.

[0056] The ignition rod 1 includes an ignition positive electrode 2, an ignition rod housing 3, and an insulating ceramic tube 4. The ignition rod housing 3 acts as the negative electrode. The insulating ceramic tube 4 separates the ignition positive electrode 2 and the ignition rod housing 3 to prevent short circuits between them. The upper end of the ignition positive electrode 2 is designed with an ignition rod positive electrode connector 5, and the ignition rod positive electrode connector 5 and the ignition rod housing 3 are connected to a high-voltage power supply via an ignition cable. The upper end of the ignition rod housing 3 is provided with an ignition cable mounting thread 6 to ensure good contact between the ignition cable and the ignition rod 1, thereby improving the spark energy at the ignition end. Both the ignition positive electrode 2 and the ignition rod housing 3 are made of high-temperature resistant alloy material.

[0057] End caps 7 and mounting flanges 15 are fixedly connected to opposite ends of cylinder 11. The cavity inside cylinder 11 is divided into an upper chamber 19 and a lower chamber 20 by a bidirectional piston 10. An upper chamber buffer spring 17 is located in the upper chamber 19, and a lower chamber buffer spring 18 is located in the lower chamber 20. End caps 7 and mounting flanges 15 are fastened together with bolts 9. To improve the sealing performance between the top of cylinder 11 and end cap 7, an end cap sealing groove 25 is provided on end cap 7, and the top of cylinder 11 is sealed to the end cap sealing groove 25. Similarly, to improve the sealing performance between the bottom of cylinder 11 and mounting flange 15, a mounting flange sealing groove 33 is provided on mounting flange 15, and the bottom of cylinder 11 is sealed to the mounting flange sealing groove 33. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the end cap 7 also has a insertion hole 71, and the mounting flange 15 has a through hole 151. The ignition rod 1 is telescopically inserted into the cylinder 11 through the insertion hole 71 of the end cap 7 and is fixedly connected to the bidirectional piston 10. The ignition end of the ignition rod 1 protrudes from the bidirectional piston 10 in the direction towards the mounting flange 15. In this embodiment, the ignition end of the ignition rod 1 extends out of the through hole 151 and enters the annular cavity air passage a. To seal the gap between the end cap 7 and the ignition rod 1, a sealing ring 8 is installed on the end cap 7.

[0058] The end cap 7 is also provided with an end cap air inlet channel 22, an end cap air collecting ring cavity 23, and an end cap high-pressure air nozzle 24 connected in sequence. In this embodiment, the end of the end cap air inlet channel 22 away from the end cap high-pressure air nozzle 24 is connected to the end cap high-pressure air inlet pipe 21. The end cap high-pressure air nozzle 24 is vertically downward connected to the upper air cavity 19. Of course, the end cap high-pressure air nozzle 24 can also be inclined downward. When ignition is required, high-pressure air (in this embodiment, the pressure of the high-pressure air is 0.8 MPa to 1 MPa; of course, it can be selected according to actual needs, and no specific limitation is made here) is sequentially introduced from the high-pressure air inlet pipe 21 of the end cover, the air inlet channel 22 of the end cover, and the air collecting ring cavity 23 of the end cover to the high-pressure air nozzle 24 of the end cover, and is ejected from the high-pressure air nozzle 24 of the end cover into the upper air chamber 19, driving the bidirectional piston 10 to overcome the elasticity of the lower chamber buffer spring 18 and move towards the mounting flange 15, so that the ignition rod 1 moves from the retracted state to the extended state, and the ignition end of the ignition rod 1 extends into the gas passage b of the combustion chamber. In this embodiment, 8-12 high-pressure air nozzles 24 of the end cover are evenly arranged around the circumference of the ignition rod 1, and / or the diameter of the high-pressure air nozzles 24 of the end cover is 3 mm to 6 mm.

[0059] The mounting flange 15 also has a through hole 151 for the extension and retraction of the ignition rod 1. At the end of the through hole 151 facing the bidirectional piston 10, there is a tapered sealing surface 26 of the mounting flange, which is continuously arranged around the through hole 151. The mounting flange 15 also has a mounting flange air inlet passage 28, a mounting flange outer gas collecting ring cavity 29, and a mounting flange high-pressure air nozzle 31 connected in sequence. In addition, the mounting flange 15 also has an inner gas collecting ring cavity 30 and a sealing air passage 32 that are interconnected. The inner gas collecting ring cavity 30 is connected to the mounting flange air inlet passage 28, and the sealing air passage 32 is connected to the through hole 151 and is continuously arranged around the through hole 151. The height of the sealed air passage 32 is 1mm-3mm, and / or the sealed air passage 32 extends downward at an angle of 15°-45° with the central axis of the ignition rod 1, which can better prevent high-temperature combustion gas and annular air from entering the lower air chamber 20 during the retraction of the ignition rod 1. Of course, the extension direction of the sealed air passage 32 can also be perpendicular to the central axis of the ignition rod 1.

[0060] The bidirectional piston 10 includes an outer cylinder wall and an inner cylinder wall arranged coaxially. The inner cylinder wall of the bidirectional piston 10 is fixedly connected to the ignition rod 1, and the outer cylinder wall of the bidirectional piston 10 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the cylinder 11. Three piston rings 234 are sequentially installed on the outer cylinder wall of the bidirectional piston 10, namely a first-stage piston ring 12, a second-stage piston ring 13, and a third-stage piston ring 14. The openings of the three piston rings 234 are staggered by 180° to prevent air leakage when the bidirectional piston 10 moves, ensuring that the ignition rod 1 can quickly and reliably extend into the combustion chamber's gas passage b.

[0061] Specifically, the lower end of the inner wall of the bidirectional piston 10 is provided with a piston conical sealing surface 16. The piston conical sealing surface 16 faces the mounting flange 15 and is continuously arranged around the ignition rod 1. When the ignition rod 1 is in the extended state, the ignition nozzle 39 can start ignition. Under the action of high-pressure air, the piston conical sealing surface 16 and the mounting flange conical sealing surface 26 are tightly fitted, which can prevent high-temperature gases, such as high-temperature combustion gases or annular air, from entering the ignition nozzle 39. The continuous arrangement of the piston conical sealing surface 16 and the mounting flange conical sealing surface 26 can better prevent high-temperature gases from entering the cylinder 11.

[0062] The following describes the working process of the bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition nozzle provided in this embodiment:

[0063] High-pressure air is introduced into the end cover air inlet channel 22. The high-pressure air enters the end cover gas collecting ring cavity 23 and the end cover high-pressure air nozzle 24 in sequence, and is injected into the upper air cavity 19 from the end cover high-pressure air nozzle 24. This pushes the bidirectional piston 10 to overcome the elastic force of the lower cavity buffer spring 18 and move towards the mounting flange 15. Finally, it drives the ignition end of the ignition rod 1, which is fixedly connected to the bidirectional piston 10, into the combustion chamber gas passage b. Under the action of high-pressure air, the piston conical sealing surface 16 and the mounting flange conical sealing surface 26 are tightly fitted to prevent high-temperature gas and ring cavity air from entering the ignition nozzle 39.

[0064] When a high voltage of tens of thousands of volts is applied to the ignition rod 1, the air between the positive ignition electrode 2 and the ignition rod housing 3, which acts as the negative electrode, is broken down and discharged, forming a spark. The spark ignites the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber's gas passage b. At the moment of ignition, the gas pressure in the combustion chamber suddenly increases to about 6 atmospheres. The annular air and high-temperature gas will surge towards the ignition nozzle 39. However, since the high-pressure air in the upper gas chamber 19 has not yet been discharged, the piston conical sealing surface 16 and the mounting flange conical sealing surface 26 remain tightly fitted under the action of the high-pressure air, which can prevent the annular air and high-temperature gas from entering the lower gas chamber 20.

[0065] Once ignition is confirmed to be successful, the ignition rod 1 needs to exit the combustion chamber's gas passage b. At this time, the high-pressure air in the upper gas chamber 19 is rapidly discharged outward through the end cap high-pressure air nozzle 24, the end cap gas collecting ring cavity 23, and the end cap air inlet channel 22 to reduce the gas pressure in the upper gas chamber 19. Simultaneously, the high-pressure air enters the mounting flange air inlet channel 28 through the mounting flange high-pressure air inlet pipe 27. The high-pressure air entering the mounting flange air inlet channel 28 enters the mounting flange outer gas collecting ring cavity 29 and is injected into the lower gas chamber 20 through the mounting flange high-pressure air nozzle 31 to increase the gas pressure in the lower gas chamber 20. The pressure difference between the lower gas chamber 20 and the upper gas chamber 19, combined with the elastic restoring force of the lower chamber buffer spring 18, allows the bidirectional piston 10 to overcome the elastic force of the upper chamber buffer spring 17 and move rapidly towards the end cap 7. This, in turn, drives the ignition end of the ignition rod 1, which is fixedly connected to the bidirectional piston 10, to quickly exit the combustion chamber's gas passage b, reducing the risk of the ignition rod 1 being burned. In addition, after successful ignition, combustion... The air pressure inside the cylinder will continue to increase over a period of time, which increases the risk of high-temperature combustion gas and annular air entering the cylinder. However, by continuously introducing high-pressure air into the lower air chamber 20 through the high-pressure air injection hole 31 of the mounting flange, a higher air pressure can be maintained in the lower air chamber 20, which can reduce the risk of annular air and high-temperature combustion gas entering the cylinder 11 and improve the service life of the ignition nozzle 39. Furthermore, the high-pressure air introduced into the lower air chamber 20 can also cool the cylinder 11. In addition, the mounting flange air intake channel 28 and the end cover air intake channel 22 are independently set and not connected to each other. The exhaust of the upper air chamber 19 and the exhaust of the lower air chamber 20 are carried out independently. The air pressure in the lower air chamber 20 can be quickly brought to the expected value by the air pump 34 and the pressure regulating valve 35, so as to push the bidirectional piston 10 to overcome the elastic force of the upper chamber buffer spring 17 and start to return to its original position. Even after the air pressure in the lower air chamber 20 reaches the expected value and pushes the bidirectional piston 10 to move toward the end cover 7, it can be gradually increased to balance the continuous rise in air pressure in the combustion chamber over a period of time.

[0066] When the bidirectional piston 10 begins to return to its original position, the piston conical sealing surface 16 and the mounting flange conical sealing surface 26 begin to move away from each other. This allows high-pressure air from another path entering the mounting flange intake channel 28 to be injected downwards through the gas collecting ring cavity 30 and the sealing air channel 32 into the gap between the ignition rod 1 and the through hole 151, creating an air seal effect. This prevents air from the ring cavity and high-temperature combustion gases from entering the ignition nozzle 39 through the gap between the ignition rod 1 and the through hole 151, thereby improving the service life of the ignition nozzle 39. Additionally, the high-pressure air entering the through hole 151 can cool the ignition rod 1, and the high-pressure air entering the lower air chamber 20 can cool the cylinder 11. Furthermore, ensuring the establishment of high-pressure air pressure in the lower air chamber 20 increases the retraction speed of the ignition rod 1.

[0067] In summary, in this embodiment, when the ignition rod 1 is in the retracted state, the high-pressure air ejected from the sealed air passage 32 prevents the annular cavity air and high-temperature combustion gas from entering the ignition nozzle 39. When the ignition rod 1 is in the extended state, the tight fit between the piston conical sealing surface 16 and the mounting flange conical sealing surface 26 further prevents the annular cavity air and high-temperature combustion gas from entering the ignition nozzle 39. This dual protection effectively prevents the annular cavity air and high-temperature combustion gas from entering the ignition nozzle 39. Furthermore, since the temperature of the high-pressure air ejected through the sealed air passage 32 is lower than that of the annular cavity air and high-temperature combustion gas, it can also assist in cooling the ignition rod 1. Additionally, the high-pressure gas injected into the cylinder 11 can also cool the cylinder 11. Moreover, the simultaneous exhaust from the upper air chamber 19 and intake from the lower air chamber 20 increases the return speed of the bidirectional piston 10, thereby increasing the speed at which the ignition end of the ignition rod 1 exits the combustion chamber and reducing the risk of the ignition rod 1 being burned.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition system. The ignition system includes an end-cap high-pressure intake pipe 21, a gas pump 34, a pressure regulating valve 35, a reversing control valve 36, a control device 37, an energy storage device 38, a flame detector (not shown), a mounting flange high-pressure intake pipe 27, and the aforementioned ignition nozzle 39. In this embodiment, the reversing control valve 36 is a two-position four-way solenoid reversing valve.

[0070] A two-position four-way solenoid directional valve is connected to an air pump 34 via a pipeline, and a pressure regulating valve 35 is installed on this pipeline. The two-position four-way solenoid directional valve includes interface I, interface C, interface O, and interface D. The energy storage device 38 is electrically connected to the ignition rod 1. In this embodiment, the energy storage device 38 is a pressure boosting device, and the energy storage device 38 is powered on. One end of the end cap high-pressure air inlet pipe 21 is connected to interface C of the two-position four-way solenoid directional valve, and the other end is connected to the end cap air inlet channel 22. One end of the mounting flange high-pressure air inlet pipe 27 is connected to interface D of the two-position four-way solenoid directional valve, and the other end is connected to the mounting flange air inlet channel 28. Flame detectors are installed on the flame tube wall c. When two or more (including two) flame detectors on the flame tube wall c show a stable flame, it indicates successful ignition. The flame signals detected by two or more flame detectors form a stop ignition signal. It also includes a timing element to calculate the ignition duration. If the ignition duration reaches 15 seconds, ignition will stop regardless of whether it is successful or not, thus generating an ignition stop signal. The control device is electrically connected to a two-position four-way solenoid valve, an energy storage device 38, and a flame detector.

[0071] The control device 37 controls the two-position four-way solenoid valve to open the charging path from the air pump 34 to the high-pressure air inlet pipe 21 of the end cover according to the ignition signal, and controls the energy storage device 38 to apply high voltage to the ignition rod 1; the control device 37 controls the two-position four-way solenoid valve to close the charging path from the air pump 34 to the high-pressure air inlet pipe 21 of the end cover according to the stop ignition signal, and controls the two-position four-way solenoid valve to open the exhaust path from the high-pressure air inlet pipe 21 of the end cover through the two-position four-way solenoid valve, and controls the two-position four-way solenoid valve to open the charging path from the air pump 34 to the high-pressure air inlet pipe 27 of the mounting flange.

[0072] Specifically, when the gas turbine needs to be ignited, on the one hand, the control device 37 controls the two-position four-way solenoid valve to enter the ignition state according to the ignition signal. That is, the two-position four-way solenoid valve is in a pass state from interface I to interface C, and also from interface D to interface O. This allows the high-pressure air generated by the gas pump 34 to enter the high-pressure air intake pipe 21 of the end cover from port A through the pressure regulating valve 35 and the two-position four-way solenoid valve, and then sequentially reach the air intake channel 22 of the end cover, the air collecting ring cavity 23 of the end cover, and the high-pressure air nozzle 24 of the end cover. After being ejected from the high-pressure air nozzle 24 of the end cover, it enters the upper air chamber 19, which drives the bidirectional piston 10 to overcome the elastic force of the lower chamber buffer spring 18 and move towards the mounting flange 15. This drives the ignition end of the ignition rod 1, which is fixedly connected to the bidirectional piston 10, to enter the gas passage b of the combustion chamber. On the other hand, the control device 37 activates the energy storage device 38 according to the ignition signal, so that tens of thousands of volts of high voltage are applied to the ignition rod 1, the air between the positive ignition electrode 2 and the ignition rod housing 3 which acts as the negative electrode is broken down and discharged to form a spark, and the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber is ignited. When two or more flame detectors on the flame tube wall C detect a flame detection signal, it indicates successful ignition, and the ignition signal is cut off. Of course, even if ignition fails, but the ignition time lasts for 15 seconds, the ignition signal will still be cut off, waiting for the next ignition attempt. When the ignition signal is cut off, the control device 37 controls the two-position four-way solenoid valve to enter the normal state according to the stop ignition signal. That is, the flow from interface I to interface D is open, and the flow from interface C to interface O is open. The high-pressure air in the upper air chamber 19 is rapidly vented sequentially through port A, interface C, and interface O. At the same time as the upper air chamber 19 is vented, the high-pressure air generated by the air pump 34 enters the mounting flange high-pressure air inlet pipe 27 and mounting flange air inlet channel 28 from port B through the pressure regulating valve 35 and the two-position four-way solenoid valve. The high-pressure air entering the mounting flange air inlet channel 28 flows through the outer gas collecting ring of the mounting flange. The high-pressure air jet 31 of the mounting flange injects air into the lower air chamber 20, driving the bidirectional piston 10 to move towards the end cover 7 against the elastic force of the upper chamber buffer spring 17, thereby causing the ignition rod 1 to exit the combustion chamber's gas passage b. Since the upper air chamber 19 exhausts gas while the lower air chamber 20 is filled with gas during the process of the ignition rod 1 exiting the combustion chamber's gas passage b, this increases the speed at which the bidirectional piston 10 moves towards the end cover 7, thereby increasing the speed at which the ignition end of the ignition rod 1 exits the combustion chamber's gas passage b, reducing the risk of the ignition rod 1 being burned. Another path of high-pressure air entering the mounting flange's air intake passage 28 is injected into the gap between the through hole 151 and the ignition rod 1 through the gas collecting ring cavity 30 and the sealing air passage 32 in the mounting flange, forming an air seal to prevent the ring cavity air and high-temperature gas from entering the ignition nozzle 39 from the gap between the ignition rod 1 and the through hole 151.Of course, after ignition is completed and the bidirectional piston 10 returns to its original position, the air pump 34 continues to work to maintain the pressure in the lower air chamber 20. When the combustion chamber stops working, the air pump 34 stops supplying air, and the high-pressure air in the lower air chamber 20 is discharged from the gap between the through hole 151 and the ignition rod 1. The ignition rod 1 is in a retracted state, waiting for the input of the next ignition signal.

[0073] The ignition system provided in this embodiment has all the advantages of the ignition nozzle 39.

[0074] In addition, in this embodiment, ignition is stopped by measuring the ignition duration in addition to the flame detector, which can avoid the shortened life of the ignition device caused by prolonged ineffective ignition.

[0075] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition nozzle, characterized in that, The ignition nozzle (39) includes: Cylinder (11); A bidirectional piston (10) is slidably disposed along the inner wall of the cylinder (11). The bidirectional piston (10) divides the cavity inside the cylinder (11) into an upper air chamber (19) and a lower air chamber (20). The lower end of the bidirectional piston (10) forms a piston cone sealing surface (16) facing the mounting flange (15). End cap (7) is fixedly connected to one end of cylinder (11). The end cap (7) is provided with an end cap air inlet channel (22), an end cap air collecting ring cavity (23) and an end cap high-pressure air nozzle (24) connected in sequence. The end cap high-pressure air nozzle (24) is connected to the upper air chamber (19). The end cap high-pressure air nozzle (24) is arranged circumferentially along the ignition rod (1) with a diameter of 3mm-6mm. A mounting flange (15) is fixedly connected to the other end of the cylinder (11). The mounting flange (15) has a through hole (151) and a mounting flange air inlet channel (28), a mounting flange outer air collecting ring cavity (29), and a mounting flange high-pressure air nozzle (31) connected in sequence. The mounting flange high-pressure air nozzle (31) is connected to the lower air chamber (20) and is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the through hole (151) with a diameter of 3mm-6mm. The mounting flange (15) also has a mounting flange inner air collecting ring cavity (30) and a sealing air channel (32) connected in sequence with the mounting flange air inlet channel (28). The sealing air channel (32) is continuously arranged around the through hole (151) and connected to the through hole (151). The end of the through hole (151) facing the bidirectional piston (10) is provided with a mounting flange conical sealing surface (26) that is adapted to the piston conical sealing surface (16). The ignition rod (1) extends and retracts through the end cap (7) into the cylinder (11) and is fixedly connected to the bidirectional piston (10). The ignition rod (1) protrudes from the bidirectional piston (10) in the direction toward the mounting flange (15). The ignition nozzle is in an ignition state. In the ignition state, the piston conical sealing surface (16) is tightly fitted with the mounting flange conical sealing surface (26). In the non-ignition state, the sealed air passage (32) sprays high-pressure air to form an air seal and cool the ignition rod (1).

2. The bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealed air passage (32) is inclined downward, and / or the sealed air passage (32) is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the ignition rod (1).

3. The bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the sealed air passage (32) is 1mm-3mm.

4. The bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting flange tapered sealing surface (26) is continuously arranged around the through hole (151), and / or the piston tapered sealing surface (16) is continuously arranged around the ignition rod (1).

5. The bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an upper chamber buffer spring (17) located in the upper air chamber (19) and a lower chamber buffer spring (18) located in the lower air chamber (20).

6. A bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition system, characterized in that, The ignition system includes: The bidirectional controllable heavy-duty gas turbine ignition nozzle according to any one of claims 1-5; Air pump (34); A reversing control valve (36) is connected to the air pump (34) via a pipeline; The energy storage device (38) is electrically connected to the ignition rod (1); The mounting flange high-pressure air inlet pipe (27) is connected at one end to the reversing control valve (36) and at the other end to the mounting flange air inlet channel (28); The high-pressure air inlet pipe (21) of the end cap is connected at one end to the reversing control valve (36) and at the other end to the air inlet channel (22) of the end cap; The control device (37) is electrically connected to the reversing control valve (36) and the energy storage device (38), respectively; wherein, The control device (37) is adapted to control the reversing control valve (36) to open the charging path from the air pump (34) to the high-pressure air inlet pipe (21) of the end cover according to the ignition signal, and to control the energy storage device (38) to energize the ignition rod (1); the control device (37) is adapted to control the reversing control valve (36) to disconnect the charging path from the air pump (34) to the high-pressure air inlet pipe (21) of the end cover and open the exhaust path from the high-pressure air inlet pipe (21) of the end cover via the reversing control valve (36) according to the stop ignition signal, and to open the charging path from the air pump (34) to the high-pressure air inlet pipe (27) of the mounting flange.

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