A combined anti-vibration, anti-hydrogen corrosion, high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia synthesis heat recovery equipment and recovery method

Abstract

This invention discloses a combined ammonia synthesis heat recovery device and method that is vibration-resistant, hydrogen corrosion-resistant, and operates under high temperature and high pressure. The ammonia synthesis heat recovery device includes a waste heat boiler and a boiler feedwater heater. The waste heat boiler includes a furnace shell, a furnace cavity, and a steam outlet pipe. The boiler feedwater heater includes a heat exchanger shell, heat exchange tubes, a left end cap, and a right end cap. The heat exchanger shell is composed of a left cylindrical section, a middle cylindrical section, and a right cylindrical section connected in sequence. The middle cylindrical section is axially fixed inside the furnace shell by a fixing plate assembly. It has an outlet at the top and an inlet at the bottom, and both the outlet and inlet communicate with the furnace cavity. This invention combines the boiler feedwater heater and the waste heat boiler into one unit, eliminating the need for a heated boiler feedwater pipeline, reducing heat loss in the pipeline, and improving heat exchange efficiency. It also solves the vibration problem caused by vaporization in the boiler feedwater pipeline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of synthetic ammonia heat recovery technology, specifically to a combined synthetic ammonia heat recovery equipment and method that is vibration-proof, hydrogen corrosion-proof, and operates under high temperature and high pressure. Background Technology

[0002] The production of ammonia, from gasification to ammonia synthesis, involves a thermal process. The rational utilization and control of the heat released during ammonia synthesis can not only save energy consumption and reduce production costs, but also improve the CO conversion rate and ammonia synthesis rate. The former pertains to waste heat utilization, while the latter involves the thermal control of the chemical reaction.

[0003] Traditional methods for recovering the heat of reaction in ammonia synthesis involve passing the high-temperature synthesis gas from the synthesis tower outlet through a waste heat boiler, heat exchanger, and water cooler, converting it into hot water or steam to recover the reaction heat energy. For example, Chinese patent CN108844054A describes a heat recovery device and process for an ammonia synthesis system. This includes an ammonia synthesis tower, where the synthesis gas pipeline connects to the inlet of a waste heat boiler tube side, the first outlet of the waste heat boiler tube side, and the inlet of a heat exchanger via the tube side of a boiler feedwater preheater. The second outlet of the waste heat boiler tube side is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger via a resistance balancing device. The shell-side inlet of the boiler feedwater preheater is connected to a demineralized water pipeline, and the shell-side outlet of the boiler feedwater preheater is connected to the water inlet of the steam drum. The steam drum's inlet and outlet are connected to the shell side of the waste heat boiler, and the top of the steam drum is connected to a steam network. Traditional methods for recovering the heat of reaction in ammonia synthesis have low heat exchange efficiency and significant heat loss.

[0004] Chinese patent CN110500904A discloses an integrated ammonia synthesis heat recovery device, comprising a first tube heat exchanger and a second tube heat exchanger connected to each other. The first tube heat exchanger has a superheated steam outlet and a return gas outlet. The second tube heat exchanger is divided into a steam generation section and a preheating section. The tube side of the second tube heat exchanger is connected to the tube side of the first tube heat exchanger. The shell side of the second tube heat exchanger is not connected to the shell side of the first tube heat exchanger. A steam drum connected to the steam generation section is provided above the second tube heat exchanger. This steam drum is connected to the shell side of the steam generation section of the second tube heat exchanger via riser pipes and downcomer pipes. A steam outlet is provided at the top of the steam drum, which is connected to the return gas outlet of the first tube heat exchanger. The technical defects of the above patent are: 1) The heat exchange tubes generate strong vibrations after the water is heated and vaporized, affecting the safe use of the equipment; 2) High-temperature water will have a certain amount of heat loss in the riser pipes and downcomer pipes, reducing the heat recovery efficiency; 3) Low-density water and high-density water flow in the same cavity, resulting in low heat transfer efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems of existing integrated ammonia synthesis heat recovery equipment, this invention provides a combined ammonia synthesis heat recovery equipment that is vibration-resistant, hydrogen corrosion-resistant, and operates under high temperature and high pressure.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0007] A combined synthetic ammonia heat recovery device that is vibration-resistant, hydrogen corrosion-resistant, and operates under high temperature and high pressure includes a waste heat boiler and a boiler feedwater heater;

[0008] The waste heat boiler includes a furnace shell extending along the X-axis, a furnace cavity surrounded by the furnace shell, and a steam outlet pipe located at the center of the top of the furnace shell and communicating with the furnace cavity.

[0009] The boiler feedwater heater includes a heat exchanger shell extending along the X-axis, heat exchange tubes disposed within the heat exchanger shell, and left and right end caps for sealing both ends of the heat exchanger shell. The heat exchanger shell consists of a left cylindrical section, a middle cylindrical section, and a right cylindrical section connected in sequence. The middle cylindrical section is axially fixed within the furnace shell by a fixing plate assembly, with an outlet at its top and an inlet at its bottom, both of which communicate with the furnace cavity. One end of the left cylindrical section extends into the furnace shell and is axially connected to the middle cylindrical section without contact, while the other end is connected to the left end cap via a left tube sheet. One end of the right cylindrical section extends into the furnace shell and is axially connected to the middle cylindrical section without contact, while the other end is connected to the right end cap via a right tube sheet. Both ends of the heat exchange tubes are sealed and pass through the left and right tube sheets, respectively, communicating with the cavities of the left and right end caps.

[0010] The left end cap cavity is equipped with a high-temperature gas guiding assembly and a syngas outlet pipe. The high-temperature gas guiding assembly includes a guiding cylinder and a conical guiding shroud. The guiding cylinder is axially located in the left end cap cavity, with one end closed by an end cap and the other end connected to the conical guiding shroud. The conical guiding shroud is sealed on the left tube sheet, and the inner cavity of the guiding shroud is connected to the heat exchange tube cavity. The syngas outlet pipe is sealed and inserted into the left end cap cavity and connected to the inner cavity of the guiding cylinder.

[0011] The right end cap cavity is provided with a heat exchange reaction gas outlet. A feed water heating chamber is provided inside the right cylinder. The feed water heating chamber is provided with a boiler feed water inlet at one end near the right tube sheet and a boiler feed water outlet at the other end. The boiler feed water outlet is connected to a water distribution pipe. The water distribution pipe is located below the middle cylinder and has several water distribution holes that communicate with the furnace cavity.

[0012] The furnace cavity is equipped with an arc-shaped baffle, which covers the middle cylinder and divides the furnace cavity into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The upper cavity is connected to the steam outlet pipe, and the lower cavity is connected to the upper cavity through the channels around the arc-shaped baffle.

[0013] Furthermore, the syngas outlet pipe includes a pipe body and a pipe flange. The pipe body is sealed to the left end cap through the pipe flange, and the pipe body extends into the cavity of the left end cap and is connected to the guide tube through an expansion joint.

[0014] Furthermore, the furnace cavity is equipped with an arc-shaped baffle, which covers the middle cylinder and divides the furnace cavity into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The upper cavity is connected to the steam outlet pipe, and the lower cavity is connected to the upper cavity through the channels around the arc-shaped baffle.

[0015] Furthermore, the intermediate cylinder is located in the lower middle part of the furnace cavity, and the water outlet at the top of the intermediate cylinder is connected to an overflow hood. The top of the overflow hood is open, and the open end contracts inward to form a steam-water mixture overflow constriction. The steam-water mixture overflow constriction is located in the upper part of the furnace cavity, and its top surface is lower than the bottom surface of the arc-shaped baffle.

[0016] Furthermore, the furnace shell is equipped with an upper level gauge, a lower level gauge, and a continuous surface drain pipe. The upper level gauge is installed between the top surface of the overflow constriction of the steam-water mixture and the bottom surface of the arc-shaped baffle. The lower level gauge is installed between the top surface of the overflow constriction of the steam-water mixture and the top surface of the fixed plate assembly. The continuous surface drain pipe is located between the upper level gauge and the lower level gauge.

[0017] Furthermore, several drain pipes are provided at the bottom of the furnace shell.

[0018] Furthermore, an upper separator is installed on the steam outlet pipe, and a wire mesh demister is installed in the upper separator.

[0019] Furthermore, there are several sets of fixing plate assemblies, and each set of fixing plate assemblies includes a symmetrically arranged left support plate and a right support plate, and both the left support plate and the right support plate are provided with several liquid guiding holes.

[0020] Furthermore, there are two water distribution pipes, symmetrically arranged on the left and right support plates.

[0021] Furthermore, the high-temperature gas guiding assembly includes a guiding cylinder and a conical guiding shroud. The guiding cylinder is axially positioned in the left head cavity, with one end closed by an end cap and the other end connected to the conical guiding shroud. The conical guiding shroud is mounted on the left tube sheet, and the synthesis gas outlet pipe is sealed and inserted into the left head cavity and connected to the guiding cylinder through an expansion joint.

[0022] Furthermore, the left end cap, high-temperature gas guide assembly, and left tube sheet are all made of ALLOY690 material, and the inner wall of the left end cap cavity is overlaid with an Inconel690 alloy layer that is resistant to hydrogen corrosion.

[0023] A method for recovering heat from ammonia synthesis, employing any of the above-mentioned vibration-resistant, hydrogen corrosion-resistant, high-temperature and high-pressure combined ammonia synthesis heat recovery equipment, comprising:

[0024] (1) Boiler feedwater enters the feedwater heating chamber through the boiler feedwater inlet and is discharged into the water distribution pipe from the boiler feedwater outlet. The boiler feedwater in the water distribution pipe is evenly distributed in the furnace cavity of the waste heat boiler through the water distribution hole. Then, it enters the middle cylinder from the bottom water inlet of the middle cylinder. The low-density saturated water that enters the middle cylinder flows radially upward through the heat exchange tube and is heated again to form a steam-water mixture. The steam-water mixture overflows from the top of the overflow hood and flows out into the furnace cavity to achieve steam-water separation.

[0025] (2) After the saturated water is initially separated, the steam rises into the lower chamber at the top of the furnace cavity, then enters the upper chamber from around the arc-shaped baffle, and finally exits from the steam outlet pipe.

[0026] (3) The high-density saturated water after steam separation flows downward in the furnace cavity and mixes with the boiler feedwater entering from the boiler feedwater outlet;

[0027] (4) The high-temperature synthesis gas from the synthesis tower enters the guide tube through the synthesis gas outlet pipe, is distributed to the heat exchange tube through the conical guide shroud, and after the temperature is reduced by flowing through the heat exchange tube side, it enters the right end chamber and is discharged from the heat exchange reaction gas outlet.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] 1. The boiler feedwater heater and waste heat boiler are combined into one unit, eliminating the need for a separate boiler feedwater pipeline after heating, reducing heat loss in the pipeline and improving heat exchange efficiency; at the same time, it solves the vibration problem caused by vaporization in the boiler feedwater pipeline.

[0030] 2. The high-temperature section of the boiler feedwater heater is protected by a high-temperature chamber (i.e., the left end cap chamber) and a high-temperature gas passage (i.e., the high-temperature gas guide assembly), and the high-temperature heat exchange tube head is protected by hydrogen corrosion resistant material. By adopting the above protection measures, the corrosion resistance of the equipment can be effectively improved and the service life of the equipment can be extended.

[0031] 3. The outlet water of the boiler feedwater heater is distributed by a water distribution pipe, which can effectively prevent the heat exchange tubes from vibrating.

[0032] 4. The boiler feedwater heater is equipped with different chambers for low-density water and high-density water, which allows the saturated water to circulate multiple times in the shell side, thus improving the heat transfer efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a combined ammonia synthesis heat recovery device that is vibration-proof, hydrogen corrosion-proof, and operates under high temperature and high pressure according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 View from AA.

[0035] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of the left cover in the image.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow of a heat recovery method for ammonia synthesis according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and a preferred embodiment. Example

[0038] See Figures 1-3 This embodiment provides a combined synthetic ammonia heat recovery equipment that is vibration-proof, hydrogen corrosion-proof, and high-temperature and high-pressure resistant, including a waste heat boiler 100 and a boiler feedwater heater 200.

[0039] The waste heat boiler 100 is supported on the ground by a movable support A101. It includes a cylindrical furnace shell 110 extending along the X-axis. A steam outlet pipe 113 is located at the center of the top of the furnace shell. An upper separator 115 is installed on the steam outlet pipe 113. A wire mesh demister 116 is installed in the upper separator to remove water mist carried by the steam and improve steam quality. An arc-shaped baffle 114 is provided inside the furnace cavity 112 enclosed by the cylindrical furnace shell 110. The arc-shaped baffle 114 is supported on the top of the furnace cavity 112 by a support plate 1141 and covers the middle cylinder 212. The arc-shaped baffle 114 divides the top of the furnace cavity 112 into an upper cavity 1121 and a lower cavity 1122. The upper cavity 1121 is connected to the steam outlet pipe 113, and the lower cavity 1122 is connected to the upper cavity 1121 through a steam channel between the support plate 1141. The center of the arc of the arc-shaped baffle 114 coincides with the center of the furnace cavity 112. The arc-shaped baffle 114 prevents the separated steam from being discharged directly from the steam outlet pipe 113. Small droplets carried in the steam collide with the arc-shaped baffle 114, thereby further improving the steam-water separation effect.

[0040] The boiler feedwater heater 200 is mounted on the ground via movable supports B201 and C202. It includes a heat exchanger shell extending along the X-axis, and heat exchange tubes 220 disposed within the shell to seal the left end cap 230 and right end cap 240 at both ends of the shell. Movable support B201 is supported below the left end cap 230, and movable support C202 is supported below the right end cap 240.

[0041] The heat exchanger shell consists of a left cylindrical shell 211, a middle cylindrical shell 212, and a right cylindrical shell 213 connected in sequence. The middle cylindrical shell 212 is supported within the furnace cavity 112 by a fixing plate assembly 290, and the center height of the middle cylindrical shell 212 is lower than the center height of the cylindrical furnace shell 110. The middle cylindrical shell 212 is composed of a left shell and a right shell. The tops of the left and right shells are not connected, forming an outlet, and the bottoms of the left and right shells are not connected, forming an inlet. An overflow hood 214 is connected to the outlet. The top of the overflow hood 214 is open, and the open end contracts inward to form a steam-water mixture overflow constriction. The top surface of the steam-water mixture overflow constriction is higher than the top surface of the fixing plate assembly 290 and lower than the bottom surface of the arc-shaped baffle hood 114. The steam-water mixture overflow constriction allows for a faster flow rate of the steam-water mixture passing through the overflow constriction. The rapidly flowing steam-water mixture enters the furnace cavity 112, which suddenly increases in volume, achieving rapid separation of steam and water. Several sets of fixed plate assemblies 290 are evenly distributed along the axial direction. Each set of fixed plate assemblies 290 includes a symmetrically arranged left support plate 291 and a right support plate 292, which are saddle-shaped. The inner circumferential surface of the left support plate 291 is radially fixed to the left side shell of the intermediate cylinder 212, and its outer circumferential surface is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical furnace shell 110. The inner circumferential surface of the right support plate 292 is radially fixed to the right side shell of the intermediate cylinder 212, and its outer circumferential surface is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical furnace shell 110. Several liquid guiding holes 293 are provided on both the left support plate 291 and the right support plate 292. While supporting the intermediate cylinder 212, the fixed plate assemblies 290 also agitate the flow of high-density saturated water, thereby ensuring thorough mixing of the high-density saturated water after steam separation with the boiler feedwater entering from the boiler feedwater outlet 273, thus improving the heat exchange effect.

[0042] The cylindrical furnace shell 110 is equipped with an upper level gauge 102, a lower level gauge 103, and a continuous surface drain pipe 104 on its side wall. The mounting port of the upper level gauge 102 is located between the top surface of the overflow constriction of the steam-water mixture and the bottom surface of the arc-shaped baffle 114. The mounting port of the lower level gauge 103 is located between the top surface of the overflow constriction of the steam-water mixture and the top surface of the fixed plate assembly 290. The continuous surface drain pipe 104 is located between the upper level gauge 102 and the lower level gauge 103. Several drain pipes 105 are provided at the bottom of the cylindrical furnace shell 110. The upper level gauge 102 and the lower level gauge 103 are installed to monitor the saturated water level of the boiler in real time during operation and prevent internal dry burning.

[0043] The left cylinder 211 and the middle cylinder 212 are not axially connected, meaning an expansion joint is provided between them. The other end of the left cylinder 211 extends out of the furnace shell 110 and connects to the left end cap 230 via the left tube sheet 250. The right cylinder 213 and the middle cylinder 212 are not axially connected, meaning an expansion joint is provided between them. The other end of the right cylinder 213 extends out of the furnace shell 110 and connects to the right end cap 240 via the right tube sheet 260. The left end cap 230 and the left tube sheet 250 form the left end cap cavity 231, and the right end cap 240 and the right tube sheet 260 form the right end cap cavity 241. The heat exchange tube 220 passes through the left tube sheet 250 and the right tube sheet 260 respectively, with sealed ends, and communicates with the left end cap cavity 231 and the right end cap cavity 241.

[0044] The left end cap cavity 231 is provided with a high-temperature gas guiding assembly 400 and a syngas outlet pipe 300. The high-temperature gas guiding assembly 400 includes an axially sealed guiding cylinder 410 and a conical guiding hood 420. The syngas outlet pipe 300 includes a pipe body 310 and a pipe flange 320. The pipe body 310 is sealed to the left end cap 230 through the pipe flange 320. The pipe body 310 extends into the left end cap cavity and is connected to the guiding cylinder 410 through an expansion joint. The other side of the guiding cylinder 410 is closed by an end cap. The conical guiding hood 420 is sealed on the left tube sheet 250, and its conical guiding cavity is connected to the heat exchange tube 220 and the circular guiding cavity of the guiding cylinder 410. The left end cap cavity 231 is equipped with a high-temperature chamber temperature measuring port 232, the circular guide tube 410 is equipped with a waste heat boiler inlet gas temperature measuring port 402, and the conical guide shroud 420 is equipped with a waste heat boiler inlet gas pressure measuring port 401. The left end cap 230, the high-temperature gas guide assembly 400, and the left tube sheet 250 are all made of ALLOY690 material with good high-temperature resistance, and the inner wall of the left end cap cavity 231 is overlaid with a hydrogen corrosion resistant Inconel690 alloy layer. By setting the high-temperature gas guide assembly 400 and the hydrogen corrosion resistant alloy layer, the corrosion resistance of the equipment can be effectively improved, the service life of the equipment can be extended, and the manufacturing cost of the equipment can be reduced.

[0045] Syngas outlet pipe 300 is sealed to left end cap 230 via pipe flange 320, and syngas outlet pipe 300 is connected to guide tube 410 via expansion joint.

[0046] The right end cap cavity 241 is provided with a heat exchange reaction gas outlet 403.

[0047] A feedwater heating sleeve 270 is axially sealed inside the right-side cylindrical tube 213. One end of the feedwater heating sleeve 270 is open, and the other end is closed by a bottom cover. The open end is close to the right tube sheet 260. A feedwater heating chamber 271 is formed between the feedwater heating sleeve 270 and the right tube sheet 260. Single-arched baffles 274 are staggered within the feedwater heating chamber 271. A boiler feedwater inlet 272 is located at the bottom of the feedwater heating chamber 271 near the right tube sheet 260. Figure 1 As shown, the boiler feedwater inlet 272 is located between the rightmost single-arch baffle and the right tube sheet 260, and the other end of the bottom of the feedwater heating chamber 271 is provided with a boiler feedwater outlet 273, as shown. Figure 1 As shown, the boiler feedwater outlet 273 is located between the leftmost single-arch baffle and the bottom cover of the feedwater heating sleeve 270. The boiler feedwater outlet 273 is connected to a water distribution pipe 280, which extends axially along the bottom of the furnace cavity 112 and passes through the lower end of the fixed plate assembly 290. The water distribution pipe 280 has several water distribution holes 281. In this embodiment, two water distribution pipes 280 are provided, symmetrically distributed. The single-arch baffle 274 serves to agitate the boiler feedwater and improve the heat exchange effect. The heated boiler feedwater is evenly distributed at the bottom of the furnace cavity 112 through the water distribution pipe 280, mixes with the high-density saturated water after steam separation, and then enters the intermediate cylinder 212 where it is heated and vaporized again by the heat exchange tubes 220. This effectively reduces the impact on the heat exchange tubes 220 and minimizes their vibration. Example

[0048] See Figure 4 This embodiment provides a method for recovering heat from synthetic ammonia, employing a combined anti-vibration, anti-hydrogen corrosion, high-temperature and high-pressure synthetic ammonia heat recovery equipment as described in Embodiment 1, comprising:

[0049] (1) Boiler feedwater enters the feedwater heating chamber 271 through the boiler feedwater inlet 272, flows axially through the feedwater heating chamber 271, is heated by the heat exchange tube 220, and is discharged from the boiler feedwater outlet 273 into the water distribution pipe 280. The heated boiler feedwater in the water distribution pipe 280 is evenly distributed at the bottom of the furnace cavity 112 of the waste heat boiler 100 through the water distribution hole 281. Then it enters the middle cylinder 212 from the bottom water inlet of the middle cylinder 212. The low-density saturated water that enters the middle cylinder 212 flows radially upward through the heat exchange tube 220 and is heated again to form a steam-water mixture. The steam-water mixture overflows from the top of the overflow hood 214 and flows out into the furnace cavity 112 to achieve steam-water separation.

[0050] (2) After the saturated water is initially separated, the steam rises into the lower cavity 1122 at the top of the furnace chamber, then enters the upper cavity 1121 from the periphery of the arc-shaped baffle 114, and finally enters the upper separation cylinder 115 from the steam outlet pipe 113. After the water mist is removed by the wire mesh demister 116, it is discharged.

[0051] (3) The high-density saturated water after steam separation flows downward in the furnace cavity 112 and mixes with the boiler feedwater entering from the boiler feedwater outlet 273. This circulation improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0052] (4) The high-temperature synthesis gas from the synthesis tower enters the left head 230 through the synthesis gas outlet pipe 300, and is distributed to the heat exchange tube 220 through the high-temperature gas guide assembly 400. After the temperature is reduced by flowing through the tube side of the heat exchange tube 220, it enters the right head cavity 241 and is discharged from the heat exchange reaction gas outlet 403.

[0053] The preferred boiler feedwater temperature is 140–210℃, feedwater pressure is 5.5±0.1 MPa, syngas inlet temperature is 450±5℃, the outlet temperature of the reaction gas after heat exchange is 160–260℃, and the exhaust steam temperature is 250℃ and pressure is 4.2±0.1 MPa.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined type of synthetic ammonia heat recovery equipment that is vibration-resistant, hydrogen corrosion-resistant, and subjected to high temperature and high pressure, characterized in that, The waste heat boiler (100) and the boiler feed water heater (200) are included. The waste heat boiler (100) includes a furnace shell (110) extending along the X-axis direction, a furnace cavity (112) enclosed by the furnace shell, and a steam outlet pipe (113) arranged at the top center of the furnace shell and communicated with the furnace cavity (112). The boiler feed water heater (200) includes a heat exchanger shell extending along the X-axis direction, heat exchange tubes (220) arranged in the heat exchanger shell, and a left end cover (230) and a right end cover (240) for closing both ends of the heat exchanger shell; the heat exchanger shell is composed of a left cylinder (211), an intermediate cylinder (212) and a right cylinder (213) connected in sequence, the intermediate cylinder (212) is axially fixed and sleeved in the furnace shell (110) through a fixed plate assembly (290), the top of the intermediate cylinder (212) is provided with a water outlet, and the bottom of the intermediate cylinder (212) is provided with a water inlet, both the water outlet and the water inlet are communicated with the furnace cavity (112); one end of the left cylinder (211) extends into the furnace shell (110) and is axially connected with the intermediate cylinder (212) without contact, and the other end of the left cylinder (211) is connected with the left end cover (230) through a left tube plate (250); one end of the right cylinder (213) extends into the furnace shell (110) and is axially connected with the intermediate cylinder (212) without contact, and the other end of the right cylinder (213) is connected with the right end cover (240) through a right tube plate (260); both ends of the heat exchange tubes (220) are respectively sealed through the left tube plate (250) and the right tube plate (260) and communicated with a left end cover cavity (231) and a right end cover cavity (241); The left end cover cavity (231) is provided with a high-temperature gas flow guide assembly (400) and a synthetic gas outlet pipe (300), the high-temperature gas flow guide assembly (400) includes a flow guide cylinder (410) and a conical flow guide cover (420), the flow guide cylinder (410) is axially arranged in the left end cover cavity (231), one end of the flow guide cylinder (410) is closed through an end cover, and the other end of the flow guide cylinder (410) is connected with the conical flow guide cover (420), the conical flow guide cover (420) is sealingly arranged on the left tube plate (250), an inner cavity of the flow guide cover is communicated with a tube cavity of the heat exchange tube (220), and the synthetic gas outlet pipe (300) is sealingly inserted into the left end cover cavity (231) and connected with an inner cavity of the flow guide cylinder (410); The right end cover cavity (241) is provided with a heat exchange reaction gas outlet (403), the right cylinder (213) is provided with a feed water heating cavity (271), one end of the feed water heating cavity (271) close to the right tube plate (260) is provided with a boiler feed water inlet (272), and the other end of the feed water heating cavity (271) is provided with a boiler feed water outlet (273), the boiler feed water outlet (273) is connected with a water distribution pipe (280), the water distribution pipe (280) is arranged below the intermediate cylinder (212), and a plurality of water distribution holes (281) communicated with the furnace cavity (112) are arranged on the water distribution pipe (280). The furnace cavity (112) is provided with an arc-shaped fairing (114), the arc-shaped fairing (114) is arranged above the middle cylinder (212), and the furnace cavity (112) is divided into an upper cavity (1121) and a lower cavity (1122); the upper cavity (1121) is communicated with the steam outlet pipe (113); and the lower cavity (1122) is communicated with the upper cavity (1121) through the circumferential passage of the arc-shaped fairing (114).

2. The vibration-proof, hydrogen corrosion-proof, high-temperature and high-pressure combined heat recovery apparatus for synthetic ammonia according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synthesis gas outlet pipe (300) comprises a pipe body (310) and a pipe flange (320), the pipe body (310) is sealingly connected with the left head (230) through the pipe flange (320), and the pipe body (310) extends into the left head cavity and is connected with the flow guide cylinder (410) through an expansion joint.

3. The vibration-proof, hydrogen corrosion-proof, high-temperature and high-pressure combined heat recovery apparatus for synthetic ammonia according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle cylinder (212) is located in the middle and lower part of the furnace cavity (112), the top water outlet of the middle cylinder (212) is connected with an overflow cover (214), the top of the overflow cover (214) is open, and the open end is inwardly contracted to form a steam-water mixture overflow contraction, the steam-water mixture overflow contraction is located in the upper part of the furnace cavity (112) and the top surface thereof is lower than the bottom surface of the arc-shaped fairing (114).

4. The vibration-proof, hydrogen corrosion-proof, high-temperature and high-pressure combined heat recovery apparatus for synthetic ammonia according to claim 3, characterized in that, The furnace shell (110) is provided with an upper liquid level meter (102), a lower liquid level meter (103) and a surface continuous blowdown pipe (104), the upper liquid level meter (102) is installed between the top surface of the steam-water mixture overflow contraction and the bottom surface of the arc-shaped fairing (114), the lower liquid level meter (103) is installed between the top surface of the steam-water mixture overflow contraction and the top surface of the fixed plate assembly (290), and the surface continuous blowdown pipe (104) is arranged between the upper liquid level meter (102) and the lower liquid level meter (103).

5. The vibration-proof, hydrogen corrosion-proof, high-temperature and high-pressure combined heat recovery apparatus for synthetic ammonia according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the furnace shell (110) is provided with a plurality of blowdown pipes (105).

6. The vibration-proof, hydrogen corrosion-proof, high-temperature and high-pressure combined heat recovery apparatus for synthetic ammonia according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam outlet pipe (113) is provided with an upper separation cylinder (115), and a wire mesh demister (116) is arranged in the upper separation cylinder (115).

7. The vibration-proof, hydrogen corrosion-proof, high-temperature and high-pressure combined heat recovery apparatus for synthetic ammonia according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed plate assembly (290) has a plurality of groups, each group of the fixed plate assembly comprises symmetrically arranged left support plates (291) and right support plates (292), and a plurality of liquid guide holes (293) are formed in the left support plates (291) and the right support plates (292).

8. The vibration-proof, hydrogen corrosion-proof, high-temperature and high-pressure combined heat recovery device for ammonia synthesis according to claim 7, characterized in that, The water distribution pipe (280) has two roots and is symmetrically arranged on the left support plates (291) and the right support plates (292).

9. The vibration-proof, hydrogen corrosion-proof, high-temperature and high-pressure combined heat recovery apparatus for synthetic ammonia according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left head (230), the high-temperature gas flow guide assembly (400) and the left tube plate (250) are all made of ALLOY690 material, and an Inconel690 alloy layer resistant to hydrogen corrosion is stacked on the inner side wall of the left head cavity (231).

10. A method for recovering heat from synthesis of ammonia, characterized by The application discloses a kind of high-temperature high-pressure combined synthesis ammonia heat recovery equipment for preventing vibration and hydrogen corrosion, which is characterized by comprising: (1) The boiler feed water enters the feed water heating cavity (271) through the boiler feed water inlet (272), and is discharged into the water distribution pipe (280) through the boiler feed water outlet (273). The boiler feed water in the water distribution pipe is uniformly distributed in the furnace cavity (112) of the waste heat boiler through the water distribution holes (281), and then enters the middle cylinder (212) through the water inlet at the bottom of the middle cylinder (212). The low-density saturated water in the middle cylinder (212) flows radially upward through the heat exchange pipe (220) to be heated again to form a steam-water mixture. The steam-water mixture flows out of the overflow cover (214) at the top of the steam-water mixture overflow nozzle and enters the furnace cavity (112) to realize steam-water separation; (2) The steam after preliminary separation of saturated water rises into the lower cavity (1122) at the top of the furnace cavity, then enters the upper cavity (1121) from the periphery of the arc-shaped baffle, and finally is discharged from the steam outlet pipe (113); (3) The high-density saturated water after steam separation flows downward in the furnace cavity (112) and mixes with the boiler feed water entering from the boiler feed water outlet (273); (4) The high-temperature synthesis gas from the synthesis tower enters the flow guide cylinder (410) through the synthesis gas outlet pipe (300), is distributed to the heat exchange pipe (220) through the conical flow guide cover (420), and then enters the right end cover cavity (241) after reducing the temperature by flowing through the heat exchange pipe (220). It is discharged from the heat exchange reaction gas outlet (403).

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