Antenna module and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses an antenna module and an electronic device. The antenna module comprises a circuit board and a plurality of metal shielding covers. The plurality of metal shielding covers are sequentially arranged on the circuit board. Each metal shielding cover forms a cavity antenna with the circuit board. Adjacent cavity antennas share a side wall. The shared side wall is provided with a feed gap. A first conductive member is connected to the feed gap at both ends. A feed unit is arranged in one of the cavity antennas to excite other cavity antennas through feed coupling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of antenna technology, specifically relating to an antenna module and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the advent of the information age, mobile terminals have become an integral part of human life, serving as a medium and window for communication between people and the outside world. However, as mobile terminal antenna design evolves rapidly with the changing functions of these terminals, it also faces increasing challenges. In recent years, tablet computers have adopted all-metal designs, making it impossible to use the traditional metal-framed antenna solutions found in mobile phones. Therefore, cavity antennas, composed of a printed circuit board (PCB) and a metal shield, have become almost the only viable option.

[0003] However, cavity antennas used in tablet computers, regardless of whether they are excited by an electric or magnetic field, generate the same excitation mode. Furthermore, due to the low height of the cavity, the ratio of reactive power loss to active power radiated by the antenna is high, resulting in a narrow standing wave bandwidth for each mode and a large distance between modes, making it impossible to cover the required entire frequency band. Moreover, because the size of a single cavity and its power supply are fixed, when using multiple modes to cover different frequency bands, a frequency offset in one mode may cause the corresponding frequency band to be uncovered, making matching and adjustment difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to provide an antenna module and electronic device that at least solves the problems of narrow standing wave bandwidth and long excitation distance between different modes caused by current cavity antennas, which cannot cover the required entire frequency band and make matching adjustment difficult.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides an antenna module, including: a circuit board and a plurality of metal shields, wherein the plurality of metal shields are sequentially disposed on the circuit board, each of the metal shields forming a cavity antenna with the circuit board, and adjacent cavity antennas sharing a sidewall, wherein a feeding gap is provided on the shared sidewall;

[0007] A first conductive element, the two ends of which are connected in the power supply gap;

[0008] A feeding unit is disposed in one of the cavity antennas to excite the cavity antenna to couple with other cavity antennas by feeding.

[0009] Secondly, embodiments of this application propose an electronic device including the antenna module described above.

[0010] The antenna module and electronic device provided in this application embodiment form a cavity antenna on the circuit board by setting multiple metal shields on the circuit board and using the metal shields to form a cavity antenna. Adjacent cavity antennas share a sidewall and a feeding gap is set on the shared sidewall. This allows other cavity antennas to couple through the feeding gap when the feeding unit feeds and excites the corresponding cavity antenna. At the same time, a first conductive element is set at the feeding gap. The first conductive element can reduce the equivalent size of the cavity antenna after feeding. Thus, multiple cavity antennas can achieve same-mode fusion, effectively widening the bandwidth and enabling the antenna module to cover the required entire frequency band as much as possible, effectively improving the matching and adjustment effect.

[0011] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0013] Figure 1 This is one of the overall schematic diagrams of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0014] Figure 2 The electric and magnetic field distribution of the antenna module in TE101 mode is based on the embodiment of this application.

[0015] Figure 3 The electric and magnetic field distribution of the antenna module in TE102 mode is based on the embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field of the antenna module in TE101 mode according to the embodiments of this application;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field of the antenna module in TE102 mode according to the embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the BB section;

[0019] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 One of the schematic diagrams of section AA;

[0020] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of section AA (part 2);

[0021] Figure 9 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of section AA (part 3);

[0022] Figure 10 The electric and magnetic field distribution of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application is based on the fact that no second conductive element is provided.

[0023] Figure 11 The electric and magnetic field distribution is based on the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application after the second conductive element is installed;

[0024] Figure 12 This is the second overall schematic diagram of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A schematic diagram of section A1-A1;

[0026] Figure 14 yes Figure 12 A schematic diagram of section A2-A2;

[0027] Figure 15 yes Figure 12 A schematic diagram of section B2-B2;

[0028] Figure 16 yes Figure 12 A schematic diagram of section B1-B1;

[0029] Figure 17 This is the third overall schematic diagram of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation results of the antenna module in TE101 mode provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation results of the antenna module in TE102 mode provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 20 This is the third overall schematic diagram of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the metal shielding cover provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 22 This is the fourth overall schematic diagram of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0035] Figure 23 This is one of the schematic diagrams of an electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 24 This is a second schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0037] Figure label:

[0038] 1. Device body; 2. Antenna module; 10. Circuit board; 101. Dielectric layer; 1010. Conductive layer; 10101. First part; 10102. Second part; 102. Metal layer; 20. Metal shield; 200. Cavity antenna; 201. First metal shield; 202. Second metal shield; 2020. First opening; 203. Feed gap; 204. Second conductive element; 205. Third metal shield; 2050. Second opening; 206. First notch; 207. Second notch; 30. First conductive element. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] The following is combined with Figures 1-22 This application describes an antenna module 2 and an electronic device provided according to embodiments of the present application.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the antenna module 2 provided in this application embodiment includes: a circuit board 10, a first conductive element 30, a feeding unit (not shown) and multiple metal shields 20.

[0044] In this embodiment, the circuit board 10 can be a printed circuit board or a flexible circuit board. The feeding unit can be fed through probes, vias, microstrips, or coplanar waveguides. Multiple metal shields 20 are sequentially disposed on the circuit board 10, and the multiple metal shields 20 are simultaneously disposed on one side of the circuit board 10. Each metal shield 20 forms a cavity antenna 200 on the circuit board 10. Adjacent cavity antennas share a sidewall, and a feeding slot 203 is provided on the shared sidewall. The first conductive element 30 can be a metal conductive element, and the two ends of the first conductive element 30 are connected to the feeding slot 203. The first conductive element 30 extends along the direction perpendicular to the circuit board 10. The feeding unit is disposed in one of the cavity antennas, and the feeding unit couples with other cavity antennas by feeding and exciting the corresponding cavity antenna. The other cavity antennas do not have feeding units.

[0045] During operation, the feeding unit excites the corresponding cavity antenna, and other cavity antennas can be coupled through the feeding slot 203. That is, the cavity antenna of the feeding unit is the main feeding cavity antenna. According to microwave principles, other cavity antennas can be excited by the main feeding cavity antenna, so magnetic field coupling feeding and electric field coupling feeding can be performed according to their field distribution. At the same time, a first conductive element 30 extending in the direction perpendicular to the circuit board 10 is set at the feeding slot 203. The first conductive element 30 can reduce the equivalent size of the cavity antenna after feeding. Thus, multiple cavity antennas 200 can achieve same-mode fusion, effectively widening the bandwidth, so that the antenna module 2 can cover the required entire frequency band as much as possible, effectively improving the matching and adjustment effect.

[0046] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, Figure 2 and Figure 3 The electric and magnetic field distributions of antenna module 2 at a certain moment during waveguide transmission in TE101 mode (2.3GHz) and TE102 mode (3.6GHz).

[0047] In this embodiment, the multiple metal shields 20 are respectively a first metal shield 201 and a second metal shield 202. The feeding unit is disposed in the first metal shield 201, which is the main feeding cavity antenna, and the second metal shield 202 is excited through coupling with the main feeding cavity antenna. Simulation results show that the larger the opening of the feeding slot 203 along the extension direction of the circuit board 10, the better the standing wave ratio of the TE101 mode excited by the second metal shield 202. However, there is also a problem that the equivalent size of the main feeding cavity antenna increases due to the excessively large opening, and its original TE101 mode will shift to lower frequencies. The TE101 mode of the second metal shield 202 and the cavity antenna become increasingly distant and cannot be merged to form a broadband signal. To solve this problem, a first conductive element 30 is provided and connected in the feeding slot 203, which can reduce the equivalent size of the cavity antenna after feeding. Figure 4 As shown, the TE101 mode frequency of the first metal shield 201 can be pulled back to its original position. Meanwhile, as... Figure 5 As shown, by connecting the upper and lower ends of the feed gap 203 with the first conductive element 30, the TE102 mode can also be suppressed. Furthermore, the number of the first conductive elements 30 can be adjusted as needed; for example, three first conductive elements 30 can be set at equal intervals in the feed gap 203 to further enhance the suppression effect. The display shows that setting three first conductive elements 30 can completely suppress the electric field of the TE102 mode.

[0048] The antenna module 2 provided in this application embodiment forms cavity antennas 200 on the circuit board 10 by setting multiple metal shields 20 on the circuit board 10. Adjacent cavity antennas 200 share a sidewall, and a feeding gap 203 is set on the shared sidewall. This allows other cavity antennas 200 to couple through the feeding gap 203 when the feeding unit feeds and excites the corresponding cavity antenna 200. At the same time, a first conductive element 30 extending in a direction perpendicular to the circuit board 10 is set at the feeding gap 203. The first conductive element 30 can reduce the equivalent size of the cavity antenna after feeding. Thus, multiple cavity antennas 200 can achieve same-mode fusion, effectively widening the bandwidth. This allows the antenna module 2 to cover the required entire frequency band as much as possible, effectively improving the matching and adjustment effect.

[0049] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6As shown, the circuit board 10 includes a dielectric layer 101 and a metal layer 102. A metal shield 20 is disposed on one side of the dielectric layer 101, and the metal layer 102 is disposed on the other side of the dielectric layer 101. A conductive layer 1010 is constructed in the dielectric layer 101. The conductive layer 1010 is a metallized via, and its two ends are connected to the metal shield and the metal layer 102, respectively. Utilizing the characteristics of the metal layer 102 and the metal shield 20, as well as the field distribution characteristics of the cavity mode, a cavity antenna is fed, coupled to the side, and traces are reasonably routed on the metal layer 102 to excite the peripherally coupled cavity antennas, forming a broadband, optimized pattern omnidirectional antenna.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, two metal shields 20 are provided, namely a first metal shield 201 and a second metal shield 202. Both the first metal shield 201 and the second metal shield 202 are disposed on the top surface of the dielectric layer 101, and both the first metal shield 201 and the second metal shield 202 have cavity antennas 200 constructed on the dielectric layer 101. The metal layer 102 is disposed on the bottom surface of the dielectric layer 101, and the dielectric layer 101 has multiple conductive layers 1010. The closed portions around the first metal shield 201 are connected to the metal layer 102 through conductive layers 1010, and the closed portions around the second metal shield 202 are also connected to the metal layer 102 through conductive layers 1010. Thus, the two cavity antennas constructed by the first metal shield 201 and the second metal shield 202 form an electromagnetic shielding space on the cavity antennas and the dielectric layer 101.

[0051] In one example, such as Figure 7 As shown, a first notch 207 is provided between adjacent metal shields 20, and the conductive layer 1010 is disposed opposite to the first notch 207. The conductive layer 1010 can be a metal via. The first notch 207 cooperates with the conductive layer 1010 to form a power feeding gap 203 on the dielectric layer 101.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, a first notch 207 is provided on the sidewall between two adjacent metal shields 20. A conductive layer 1010 is provided on one side of the first notch 207. The conductive layer 1010 is disposed opposite to the first notch 207. Since the conductive layer 1010 is disposed in the dielectric layer 101, the conductive layer 1010 can shield the position of the first notch 207, thereby forming a power supply gap 203 located between the dielectric layer 101 and the metal shield 20.

[0053] In one example, such as Figure 8 As shown, a first notch 207 is provided on the sidewall between adjacent metal shields 20, and a second notch 208 is provided on the dielectric layer 101 corresponding to the position of the first notch 207. The first notch 207 and the second notch 208 together form a power supply gap 203.

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, a first notch 207 is provided between two adjacent metal shields 20, and a second notch 208 is provided on the dielectric layer 101 at the position corresponding to the first notch 207. At the same time, a conductive layer 1010 is provided on one side corresponding to the first notch 207 and the second notch 208. Since the conductive layer 1010 is provided in the dielectric layer 101, the conductive layer 1010 can shield the positions of the first notch 207 and the second notch 208. That is, a groove is provided on the circuit board 10, and a conductive layer is provided at the bottom of the groove, so that the first notch 207 and the second notch 208 form a power feeding gap 203. The power feeding gap 203 is located in the dielectric layer 101 and the metal shield 20. By using two components to construct the power feeding gap 203, it is easy to adjust the size of the power feeding gap 203 and reduce the space occupied by the metal shield 20.

[0055] To further reduce the space occupied by the metal shielding cover 20, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the conductive layer 1010 has a first portion 10101 and a second portion 10102 spaced apart. The first portion 10101 and the second portion 10102, together with the metal layer 102, form a power feeding gap 203 in the dielectric layer 101.

[0056] Specifically, in this embodiment, no gap is provided between two adjacent metal shields 20, and no gap is provided in the dielectric layer 101. By providing a spaced conductive layer 1010 in the dielectric layer 101, the conductive layer 1010 can form a power feeding gap 203 in the dielectric layer 101 with the mating metal layer 102, which further reduces the space occupied by the metal shield 20 and reduces the material of the dielectric layer 101, thereby reducing dielectric loss.

[0057] In another embodiment, such as Figure 12 As shown, the antenna module 2 also includes: a second conductive element 204, which passes through the feed gap 203. The two ends of the second conductive element 204 are disposed in two adjacent cavity antennas 200. The second conductive element 204 can be a microstrip line. Both ends of the second conductive element 204 are electrically connected to the metal layer 102, that is, the two ends of the second conductive element 204 are grounded (the feed structure is not shown).

[0058] Normal magnetic field feed point, such as Figure 11As shown, the magnetic field lines in TE mode form a closed loop on the plane coplanar with the electric field lines. According to microwave principles, energy transfer between waveguides (traveling waves) can be achieved through magnetic coupling excitation via the feed gap 203. However, the cavity antennas 200 in the planar array are almost all standing wave antennas, and the magnetic excitation between cavity antennas 200 cannot be fully utilized using the feed gap 203. Therefore, a microstrip line is printed on the circuit board 10 between the two cavity antennas 200, and metal vias are added at both ends of the microstrip line to ground, forming an energy conversion from magnetic field to current to magnetic field, thus exciting the coupled cavity antennas 200. Figure 11 As shown, after the second conductive element 204 is installed, the magnetic field feed will split into two directions because the magnetic fields generated on both sides are opposite. This is because the opening direction is the radiation null point. At the same time, since the electric field generated in the coupled cavity antenna 200 is in the same direction as that in the main-fed cavity antenna, the superimposed radiation direction is the opening direction, which is equivalent to an antenna array formed by the superposition of two metal shields 20, so the gain will be improved.

[0059] Specifically, such as Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, there are two metal shields 20, namely a first metal shield 201 and a second metal shield 202. Both the first metal shield 201 and the second metal shield 202 are disposed on the top surface of the dielectric layer 101. Both the first metal shield 201 and the second metal shield 202 have cavity antennas 200 constructed on the dielectric layer 101. The feeding unit is disposed in the cavity antenna 200 of the first metal shield 201. The metal layer 102 is disposed on the bottom surface of the dielectric layer 101, and the dielectric layer 101 also has multiple conductive layers 1010. The closed portions around the first metal shield 201 are connected to the metal layer 102 through conductive layers 1010, and the closed portions around the second metal shield 202 are also connected to the metal layer 102 through conductive layers 1010. The second conductive element 204 passes through the feed gap 203. The first end of the second conductive element 204 is disposed within the first metal shield 201, and the second end is disposed within the second metal shield 202. Both the first and second ends of the second conductive element 204 are connected to the metal layer 102 via a conductive layer 1010. After the second conductive element 204 is installed, because the magnetic fields generated on both sides are opposite, the opening direction is the radiation zero point, and the magnetic field feed direction splits into two directions. Simultaneously, because the electric field direction generated in the coupled second metal shield 202 is consistent with that in the first metal shield 201, the superimposed radiation direction is the opening direction, and it is equivalent to an antenna array formed by the superposition of two metal shields 20, thus improving the gain.

[0060] Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment, such as Figure 17 As shown, the metal shields 20 are sequentially arranged on the circuit board 10. The number of metal shields 20 can be increased or decreased as needed. Electric field coupling or magnetic field coupling feeding can be used, or if the space is large enough, multiple metal shields 20 can be arranged around one metal shield 20. However, after a certain number, due to the gradual weakening of coupling energy, the edge metal shields 20 become almost ineffective. Each metal shield 20 has an opening on one side parallel to the parallel arrangement direction, communicating with the outside. By laterally increasing the cavity antennas 200 in the same direction as the openings, and fine-tuning the size of the coupled cavity antennas, the same-mode standing waves of the fed cavity antenna and the coupled cavity antenna are merged, increasing the bandwidth. Compared to a single metal shield, a single cavity antenna has one feed and one aperture. By coupling the first metal shield 201, the second metal shield 202, and the third metal shield 205, it is equivalent to having at least one more aperture, meaning that one aperture only radiates half the energy, resulting in a halved absorptivity.

[0061] In one specific embodiment, the metal shielding cover has sides of 65×65×10mm. 3 The directional structure constructs a cavity antenna on circuit board 10, and the resonant frequency is calculated using the formula:

[0062]

[0063] like Figure 18 As shown, the deepest point of the reflection coefficient is almost the same as the theoretical resonant frequency. A 63×63×10mm [structure / component] is coupled nearby. 3 A cavity antenna is constructed, and a feeding slot 203 is opened between the metal shields 20 for excitation by electric field coupling. The size (EL×EH) of the feeding slot 203 is 40×4mm. 2 The simulation results obtained are as follows Figure 19 As shown, compared to the original single metal shield cavity antenna 200, the two cavity antennas 200 obviously generate a new resonant point near the original TE101 and TE102, corresponding to the TE101 and TE102 modes of the coupled cavity antenna 200. The corresponding modes merge with each other, increasing the bandwidth. After the TE102 mode, a slot resonance is generated due to the feed slot 203, and the gain in the opening direction is increased by about 1dB compared to the single port (comparison point 2.3GHz, if the matching of the dual cavity is better, the gain will be higher).

[0064] Compared to a single cavity antenna 200 which can only cover WiFi 2.4G, the coupling of two cavity antennas 200 can cover B1+B40+WiFi 2.4G+N77+N78 and part of N79 / WiFi 5G, thus expanding the bandwidth.

[0065] Specifically, when three metal shields 20 are provided, namely a first metal shield 201, a second metal shield 202, and a third metal shield 205, the power supply unit is disposed in the first metal shield 201, the second metal shield 202 is fed through a power supply slot 203 on one side of the first metal shield 201, and the third metal shield 205 is fed through a power supply slot 203 on the other side of the first metal shield 201. The first metal shield 201, the second metal shield 202, and the third metal shield 205 all have openings on the same side, thereby allowing for the fusion of standing waves of the same mode, effectively increasing the bandwidth.

[0066] Optionally, the metal shield 20 can be a metal shield, and a cavity antenna 200 can be formed by setting the metal shield on the circuit board 10. An opening can be set on the metal shield as needed to facilitate signal transmission.

[0067] Based on the above embodiments, in another embodiment, such as Figure 20 As shown, the metal shields 20 are arranged side by side on the circuit board 10. At least one metal shield 20 has a first opening 2020 communicating with the outside on a side parallel to the side-by-side arrangement direction, and at least one metal shield 20 has a second opening 2050 communicating with the outside on a side perpendicular to the side-by-side arrangement direction. That is, in this embodiment, the metal shields 20 have a first opening 2020 and a second opening 2050 facing different directions.

[0068] Specifically, such as Figure 20 As shown, there are two metal shields 20, namely a first metal shield 201 and a second metal shield 202 arranged side by side. The first metal shield 201 has a first opening 2020, and the second metal shield 202 has a second opening 2050. The first opening 2020 and the second opening 2050 have different directions, allowing signals to be transmitted through the two openings in different directions. By increasing lateral radiation, the lateral radiation gain increases, and the radiation minimum point moves towards the interior of the circuit board 10, optimizing the omnidirectionality within a given area.

[0069] Other arrangements can also be used depending on actual needs, such as Figure 21As shown, there are three metal shielding covers 20: a first metal shielding cover 201, a second metal shielding cover 202, and a third metal shielding cover 205. The feeding unit is located within the first metal shielding cover 201. A feeding gap 203 is provided between the first metal shielding cover 201 and the second metal shielding cover 202, and between the first metal shielding cover 201 and the third metal shielding cover 205. The second metal shielding cover 202 is fed through the feeding gap 203 on the right side of the first metal shielding cover 201, and the third metal shielding cover 205 is fed through the feeding gap 203 on the lower side of the first metal shielding cover 201. The second metal shielding cover 202 has a first opening 2020 facing a first direction, while the third metal shielding cover 205 has a second opening 2050 facing a second direction. The first and second directions are perpendicular, allowing signals to be transmitted through openings in two different directions. This increases the omnidirectionality of the antenna, reduces signal dead zones, improves user experience, and solves the problem of antenna performance degradation due to unilateral obstruction.

[0070] Depending on the need, the first opening 2020 or the second opening 2050 may be a slot that forms millimeter waves, or both the first opening 2020 and the second opening 2050 may be slots that form millimeter waves.

[0071] In one embodiment, such as Figure 22 As shown, there are two metal shields 20, namely a first metal shield 201 and a second metal shield 202. The feeding unit is disposed in the first metal shield 201. The first metal shield 201 has a first opening 2020, and the second metal shield 202 has a second opening 2050. There are multiple second openings 2050. The second openings 2050 are slots that form millimeter waves, so that the antenna module 2 forms a millimeter wave slot antenna array, which can transmit millimeter waves through the second openings 2050 on the narrow cavity of the second metal shield 202.

[0072] It should be noted that this application can be applied to the design and application of wireless intercity networks (WMAN), wireless wide area networks (WWAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), wireless personal networks (WPAN), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), radio frequency identification (RFID), and even near field communication (NFC), wireless charging (WPC), or FM and other wireless communication technologies. This application can also be applied to regulatory testing and practical design and application of electromagnetic absorption ratio (SAR) and hearing aid compatibility (HAC), which are related to human safety and health, and compatibility with worn electronic devices (such as hearing aids or heart rate regulators).

[0073] This application also provides an electronic device, such as Figure 23 As shown, the electronic device can be a mobile phone, e-reader, tablet computer, or other electronic product. The electronic device includes a device body 1 and an antenna module 2.

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, antenna module 2 is disposed in device body 1. Antenna module 2 includes: circuit board 10, first conductive element 30, feeding unit, and multiple metal shields 20. Multiple metal shields 20 are sequentially disposed on circuit board 10, and multiple metal shields 20 are simultaneously disposed on one side of circuit board 10. Each metal shield 20 forms a cavity antenna 200 on circuit board 10. A feeding gap 203 extending along the direction of circuit board 10 is provided between adjacent cavity antennas. The first conductive element 30 is a metal conductive element, and its two ends are connected to the feeding gap 203. The first conductive element 30 extends in a direction perpendicular to circuit board 10. The feeding unit is disposed in one of the cavity antennas, and the feeding unit couples with other cavity antennas by feeding and exciting the corresponding cavity antenna.

[0075] During operation, the feeding unit in the electronic device feeds and excites the corresponding cavity antenna. Other cavity antennas can be coupled through the feeding gap 203. That is, the cavity antenna with the feeding unit is the main feeding cavity antenna. According to microwave principles, other cavity antennas can be excited by the main feeding cavity antenna, thus enabling magnetic field coupling feeding and electric field coupling feeding based on their field distribution. At the same time, a first conductive element 30 extending in a direction perpendicular to the circuit board 10 is provided at the feeding gap 203. The first conductive element 30 can reduce the equivalent size of the cavity antenna after feeding. As a result, multiple cavity antennas can achieve same-mode fusion, effectively widening the bandwidth, so that the antenna module 2 can cover the required entire frequency band as much as possible, effectively improving the matching and adjustment effect.

[0076] If multiple metal shields 20 all have openings on the same side, such as Figure 23 As shown, this allows multiple cavity antennas to achieve in-mode fusion, effectively widening the bandwidth. If multiple metal shields 20 have openings on different sides, such as... Figure 24 As shown, the signal can be transmitted through openings in two different directions, thereby increasing the omnidirectionality of the antenna, reducing signal dead zones, and improving the user experience.

[0077] The electronic device provided in this application embodiment forms cavity antennas 200 on the circuit board 10 by setting multiple metal shields 20 on the circuit board 10 and setting feeding gaps 203 between adjacent cavity antennas. This allows other cavity antennas to couple through the feeding gaps 203 when the feeding unit feeds and excites the corresponding cavity antenna. At the same time, a first conductive element 30 extending in a direction perpendicular to the circuit board 10 is set at the feeding gap 203. The first conductive element 30 can reduce the equivalent size of the cavity antenna after feeding. Thus, multiple cavity antennas can achieve same-mode fusion, effectively widening the bandwidth and enabling the antenna module 2 to cover the required entire frequency band as much as possible, effectively improving the matching and adjustment effect.

[0078] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0079] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An antenna module, characterized in that, include: A circuit board and multiple metal shields; the circuit board includes: a dielectric layer and a metal layer; multiple metal shields are sequentially disposed on the circuit board, each metal shield forming a cavity antenna with the circuit board, adjacent cavity antennas sharing a sidewall, and a feed gap is provided on the shared sidewall; the metal shield is disposed on one side of the dielectric layer, the metal layer is disposed on the other side of the dielectric layer, a conductive layer is constructed in the dielectric layer, and the two ends of the conductive layer are respectively connected to the metal shield and the metal layer; a first notch is provided on the sidewall between adjacent metal shields; A first conductive element, the two ends of which are connected in the power supply gap; A feeding unit is disposed in one of the cavity antennas to excite the cavity antenna to couple with other cavity antennas through feeding. Wherein, the conductive layer is disposed opposite to the first notch, and the first notch cooperates with the conductive layer to form a power feeding gap on the dielectric layer; or, the dielectric layer is provided with a second notch at the position corresponding to the first notch, and the first notch cooperates with the second notch to form a power feeding gap.

2. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive layer has a first portion and a second portion spaced apart, and the first portion and the second portion cooperate with the metal layer to form the power feeding gap in the dielectric layer.

3. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna module further includes a second conductive element that passes through the feed gap. The two ends of the second conductive element are disposed in two adjacent cavity antennas, and both ends of the second conductive element are electrically connected to the metal layer.

4. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The metal shields are arranged side by side on the circuit board, and each metal shield has an opening on one side parallel to the side-by-side arrangement direction that communicates with the outside.

5. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The metal shields are arranged side by side on the circuit board, wherein at least one of the metal shields has a first opening communicating with the outside on the side parallel to the side-by-side arrangement direction, and at least one of the metal shields has a second opening communicating with the outside on the side perpendicular to the side-by-side arrangement direction.

6. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The plurality of said metal shields include: a first metal shield, a second metal shield, and a third metal shield; The feeding gaps are respectively provided between the first metal shield and the second metal shield, and between the first metal shield and the third metal shield. The feeding unit is disposed in the cavity antenna of the first metal shield. The second metal shield and the third metal shield have openings arranged in different directions.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the antenna module as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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