Ceramic-metal interlocking laminated material on carbon steel surface and its preparation method

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation method of a ceramic metal interlocking laminated material on a carbon steel surface, and comprises the following steps: (1) polishing the surface of the carbon steel and then carrying out carburizing; (2) polishing and polishing the surface, and then making a sawtooth structure on the surface of the carbon steel base body through a surface configuration process; (3) alternately depositing a metal layer with carbide forming ability and an iron layer on the sawtooth surface by using a film layer preparation technology, depositing an iron layer on the outermost layer, and then polishing the deposited surface to be flat; and (4) carburizing the carbon steel with the sawtooth metal multilayer film on the surface, and preparing the ceramic metal interlocking laminated material on the surface of the carbon steel through the above treatment, so that the ceramic layer has a high ceramic phase volume fraction and is dense and pore-free, the interface between layers has micro sawtooth shapes and has metallurgical bonding, and the strength, toughness, impact resistance and wear resistance of the material are significantly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of metal material surface modification method, and relates to a carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material and a preparation method of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material. BACKGROUND

[0002] Preparation of laminated structure material with high-strength ceramic layer and ductile metal layer arranged alternately is an effective way for surface strengthening and toughening of carbon steel. At present, the preparation technology of ceramic / metal laminated structure material mainly includes physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The vapor deposition technology has the advantages of no pollution, fast film forming speed, accurate control of thickness of each layer, good process stability and the like, and becomes the main method for preparing laminated material at present. However, the interfacial interface and film base interface of the laminated material have the common characteristics of being too flat and lacking of metallurgical bonding, so the bonding force of the interface is poor, which restricts the mechanical properties of the multilayer film. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the application is to provide a carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material, which solves the problem of too flat interlayer interface in the prior art. Another purpose of the application is a preparation method of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material, which solves the problems of too flat interlayer interface and film base interface and lack of metallurgical bonding in the prior art.

[0004] The technical scheme of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material adopted by the application is that two carbon steel layers are provided, and a plurality of sawtooth-shaped metal multilayer films are arranged between the two carbon steel layers. The sawtooth-shaped metal multilayer film comprises a carbide ceramic layer and an iron layer, and the interface between the carbide ceramic layer and the adjacent iron layer is irregularly sawtooth-shaped.

[0005] The technical scheme of the preparation method of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material adopted by the application is implemented according to the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: polishing the surface of the carbon steel to remove surface contaminants, and then placing the carbon steel into a carburizing furnace for first carburizing treatment to obtain carbon steel with a carburized layer, wherein the thickness of the carburized layer is L;

[0007] Step 2: pretreating the surface of the carbon steel with the carburized layer, and then using a surface profiling process to make the carburized layer into a sawtooth shape to obtain carbon steel with a sawtooth surface;

[0008] Step 3: deposit a metal layer with carbide forming ability on the jagged surface of the carbon steel surface by a film layer preparation process, deposit an iron element on the surface of the metal layer with carbide forming ability by a film layer preparation process to form a ductile metal layer, alternately deposit the ductile metal layer and the metal layer with carbide forming ability multiple times, and obtain the carbon steel with a jagged metal multilayer film on the surface, and the outermost layer of the carbon steel with the jagged metal multilayer film on the surface is the ductile metal layer;

[0009] Step 4: polish and polish the outermost layer of the jagged metal multilayer film on the surface of the carbon steel to be flat to obtain a carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material rough blank;

[0010] Step 5: place the ceramic metal interlocking laminated material rough blank into a carburizing furnace for a second carburizing treatment, and when the metal layer with carbide forming ability is converted into a carbide ceramic layer, the carburizing is completed, and the furnace is cooled to room temperature, and a carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material is obtained.

[0011] The application also has the characteristics that the first carburizing treatment in step 1 is one of solid carburizing, gas carburizing, vacuum carburizing and plasma carburizing, and the temperature range of the first carburizing treatment is 800-1000 DEG C.

[0012] In step 1, the thickness L of the carburized layer is 10-200 μm;

[0013] In step 2, the pretreatment is polishing and polishing, and the surface roughness after polishing reaches 0.01-0.02 μm, and the surface configuration process is one of mechanical processing and etching process, and the mechanical processing is turning and milling; the etching process is any one of reactive ion etching, deep reactive ion etching, ion beam sputtering etching, wet etching and laser etching;

[0014] In step 2, the jagged height H is not more than the thickness L of the carburized layer in step 1, and the ratio of the jagged height H to the thickness L of the carburized layer is 0.5-0.9;

[0015] In step 3, the metal with carbide forming ability is any one of W, Mo, Cr, Ta, Nb, Ti, Zr and V;

[0016] In step 3, the film layer preparation process is one of physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, chemical plating, electroplating and spraying;

[0017] In step 3, the number of layers of the metal layer with carbide forming ability is 1-50 layers, the thickness of a single layer is 0.5-10 μm, the metal layer with carbide forming ability is selected from the same or different materials, the thickness of the outermost ductile metal layer is not less than the jagged height H, and the thickness of the remaining ductile metal layer is 0.5-10 μm.

[0018] The second carburizing treatment in step 4 adopts one of solid carburizing, gas carburizing, vacuum carburizing, plasma carburizing and interstitial atom carburizing, and the second carburizing treatment temperature ranges from 900 DEG C to 1200 DEG C.

[0019] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The bionic shell structure is used to prepare a corrugated ordered microstructure thin plate, ceramic layers and ductile metal layers form a primary ordered thin layer structure, and then each thin layer presents a 45° zigzag interlocking structure to form a secondary ordered structure, and the multiple ordered structures are mutually coordinated, so that the material presents super strength and super toughness;

[0021] (2) Element mutual diffusion occurs between the interfaces in the high temperature process, a high-strength interface with metallurgical bonding is formed, the interface between the ceramic layers and the metal layers presents an irregular zigzag shape, and the zigzag interface has better toughening effect than a flat interface;

[0022] (3) Carbides are precipitated in situ, the grain boundary strength is high, iron elements are dissolved in the carbide ceramic phase, the growth rate is faster, and the toughness is better;

[0023] (4) In step 4, carbon atoms in the carbon steel diffuse towards the surface direction, and carbon atoms outside the carbon steel diffuse towards the substrate direction, i.e. carbon atoms diffuse in two directions, which helps to reduce the diffusion distance of carbon atoms and plays a role in refining carbide grains;

[0024] (5) The solid solubility of carbon in iron is high, so the iron layer can promote the continuous inward diffusion of carbon;

[0025] (6) The outermost iron layer can significantly improve the absorption efficiency of transition metal elements on active carbon atoms, and can also prevent the problem of loose and porous ceramic layers caused by too high carbon potential on the surface of the metal layer;

[0026] (7) Different ceramic phases can be used for each ceramic layer, which is beneficial to further optimize the strength and toughness of the composite material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the thickness of the carburized layer in the preparation method of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the zigzag cross-sectional structure of the carbon steel substrate surface in the preparation method of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the deposition metal layer cross-sectional structure in the preparation method of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material after the deposition metal layer is polished in the preparation method of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material of the application;

[0031] Figure 5 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material of the application;

[0032] Figure 6 is the carbide ceramic layer structure schematic diagram of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] The application relates to a carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material, which comprises two carbon steel layers, a plurality of sawtooth-shaped metal multilayer films arranged between the two carbon steel layers, the sawtooth-shaped metal multilayer film comprising a carbide ceramic layer and an iron layer, and the interface between the carbide ceramic layer and the adjacent iron layer being irregular sawtooth-shaped.

[0035] The application relates to a preparation method of a carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material, as shown in the figure, and is specifically implemented according to the following steps. Figures 1-6

[0036] Step 1: polishing the surface of the carbon steel, then performing first-time carburizing treatment to obtain carbon steel with a carburized layer, the thickness of the carburized layer being L, the thickness L of the carburized layer being in the range of 10-200 mu m, and the first-time carburizing treatment being one of solid carburizing, gas carburizing, vacuum carburizing and plasma carburizing. The temperature range is 800-1000 DEG C.

[0037] Step 2: polishing and polishing the surface of the carbon steel with the carburized layer, then making a sawtooth structure on the surface of the carbon steel substrate by using a surface configuration process, the sawtooth shape being an isosceles right triangle with the surface of the carbon steel with the carburized layer at an angle of 45 DEG, the height of the isosceles right triangle being the sawtooth height H, the sawtooth height H not being more than the thickness L of the carburized layer, the ratio of the sawtooth height H to the thickness L of the carburized layer being in the range of 0.5-0.9, and obtaining carbon steel with a sawtooth surface, the surface configuration process being one of mechanical processing and etching process, the mechanical processing being turning and milling, the turning and milling adopting a micron-level high-precision turning and milling center; the etching process including one of reactive ion etching, deep reactive ion etching, ion beam sputtering etching, wet etching and laser etching.

[0038] ​Step 3: depositing any one of W, Mo, Cr, Ta, Nb, Ti, Zr, V to form a metal layer with carbide-forming ability on the jagged surface obtained in Step 2 by a film layer preparation process, depositing iron on the surface of the metal layer with carbide-forming ability to form a ductile metal layer by a film layer preparation process, and alternately depositing the metal layer with carbide-forming ability and the ductile metal layer to form a multilayer film, wherein the outermost layer is the deposited ductile metal layer, to obtain a carbon steel with a jagged metal multilayer film on the surface, the film layer preparation technology including one of physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, electroless plating, electroplating, and spraying; the number of layers of the metal layer with carbide-forming ability ranges from 1 to 50 layers, the thickness of a single layer ranges from 0.5 μm to 10 μm, the metal layer with carbide-forming ability is selected from the same or different materials, and the thickness of each layer is independently adjusted without interference; the thickness of the remaining ductile metal layers ranges from 0.5 μm to 10 μm except for the outermost ductile metal layer.

[0039] Step 4: polishing and polishing the outermost ductile metal layer of the carbon steel with a jagged metal multilayer film on the surface to a flat surface to obtain a carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material rough blank.

[0040] Step 5: placing the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material rough blank obtained in Step 4 into a carburizing furnace for a second carburizing treatment, and when the metal layer with carbide-forming ability is converted into a carbide ceramic layer, the carburizing is completed, and the furnace is cooled to room temperature, to obtain a carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material, the second carburizing is performed by one of solid carburizing, gas carburizing, vacuum carburizing, plasma carburizing, and interstitial atom carburizing, and the second carburizing temperature ranges from 900°C to 1200°C.

[0041] In the preparation method of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material: one of the effects of carburizing in Step 1 is to increase the carbon content of the surface layer of the carbon steel, therefore, in the carburizing process of the carbon steel with a jagged metal multilayer film on the surface in Step 4, not only the external carbon atoms diffuse into the laminated material, i.e., inward carburizing, but also the carbon atoms in the surface layer of the carbon steel substrate diffuse into the laminated material, i.e., outward diffusion, thereby achieving the effect of bidirectional carburizing, which not only effectively increases the thickness of the carburized layer, but also refines the carbide grains.

[0042] The thickness of the metal layer with carbide-forming ability is d1, the thickness of the ductile metal layer is d2, the number of metal layers with carbide-forming ability is N, and the thickness of the outermost ductile metal layer is d3.

[0043] In the preparation method of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material: the sawtooth-shaped structure in step 2 plays a role in forming an interlocking geometric structure of the laminated material and improving the surface strength and toughness. The principle is that as the assembly angle of the bottom layer material increases, the strength increases linearly, and the toughness decreases linearly; as the assembly angle of the outer layer material increases, the toughness decreases linearly, and the strength increases when the assembly angle is less than 45°, and tends to be stable when the assembly angle exceeds 45°. Therefore, when the assembly angle of the overlapping material is 45°, the strength and toughness of the material reach the maximum value. Therefore, the sawtooth-shaped structure with a right angle edge at an angle of 45° with the carbon steel surface is the optimal solution.

[0044] In the preparation method of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material: the deposition of the outermost iron layer in step 3 plays a role in improving the carburizing efficiency and reducing the porosity of the ceramic layer. The principle is that the outermost iron layer can efficiently absorb active carbon atoms in the environment when the carbon steel is carburized with the sawtooth-shaped metal multilayer film on the surface in step 4, and the carbon atoms can diffuse into the laminated material, converting the metal layer with carbide-forming ability into a ceramic layer. As an intermediate medium, the outermost iron layer can significantly improve the absorption efficiency of active carbon atoms by transition metal elements. On the other hand, since the solubility of iron layer to carbon has an upper limit, when the environmental carbon potential is too high, it can prevent the problem of loose and porous ceramic layer caused by too high carbon potential on the surface of the metal layer.

[0045] In the preparation method of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material: the role of step 4 includes two aspects, one is to convert the metal layer with carbide-forming ability into a ceramic layer, and the other is to promote element interdiffusion between layers to form a layer interface with metallurgical bonding. At the same time, the carbide precipitates in the interdiffusion zone to form a micro-irregular sawtooth-shaped interlayer interface, which has better toughening effect than the flat interface.

[0046] In the preparation method of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material: the role of each iron layer in the carburizing process in step 4 is to store and release carbon atoms, promote the continuous inward diffusion of carbon, and convert the metal layer with carbide-forming ability into a high-quality ceramic layer.

[0047] Embodiment

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] Step 1: polish the surface of Q215 steel, then perform solid carburizing, the carburizing temperature is 800℃, and the carburizing layer thickness (L) is in the range of 10μm.

[0050] Step 2: polish the carburized surface of the carbon steel in step 1, and use ion beam sputtering etching to form a zigzag structure on the surface, the zigzag shape is an isosceles right triangle with the carbon steel surface at 45°, the zigzag height H is 9 μm, and a carbon steel with a zigzag surface is obtained;

[0051] Step 3: use cathodic arc ion plating (one of physical vapor deposition) to alternately deposit tungsten layers and iron layers on the zigzag surface obtained in step 2. There are 50 tungsten layers in total, each tungsten layer is 0.5 μm thick, and the thickness of the remaining iron layers is 0.5 μm except for the outermost iron layer. The thickness of the outermost deposited iron layer is 12 μm;

[0052] Step 4: polish the surface of the outermost deposited iron layer to be flat to obtain an interlocking laminated material rough blank;

[0053] Step 5: gas carburize the interlocking laminated material rough blank obtained in step 4. The carburizing temperature is 1200℃, and the carburizing is completed when all the tungsten layers prepared in step 3 are converted into WC ceramic layers. After carburizing, the furnace is cooled to room temperature, and a carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material is obtained;

[0054] Finally, a WC / Fe interlocking laminated material is obtained on the surface of the Q215 steel, in which the WC layer is a ceramic layer with Fe atoms dissolved, the Fe layer is an iron-carbon alloy layer with Fe as the main element, and the interface between the layers is irregular zigzag and has metallurgical bonding.

[0055] Through the above method, the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material obtained has the following characteristics:

[0056] (1) a corrugated ordered microstructure thin plate is formed, the ceramic layer and the ductile metal layer form a primary ordered thin layer structure, and then each thin layer presents a 45° zigzag interlocking structure to form a secondary ordered structure. The multi-level ordered structure cooperates with each other, so that the material presents super strength and super toughness;

[0057] (2) the ceramic layer is dense and pore-free, and the volume fraction of carbide in the ceramic layer is as high as 95%;

[0058] (3) the interface between the ceramic layer and the iron layer is irregular zigzag in microstructure and has metallurgical bonding. The interfacial bonding force can reach 80 N.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Step 1: polish the surface of 45 steel, then gas carburize, the carburizing temperature is 1000℃, and the carburizing layer thickness (L) is in the range of 200 μm.

[0061] Step 2: polish the carburized surface of the carbon steel in step 1, and use a micron-level high-precision turning and milling center to make a zigzag structure on the surface. The zigzag shape is an isosceles right triangle with a 45° angle with the carbon steel surface, the zigzag height H is 100 μm, and a carbon steel with a zigzag surface is obtained;

[0062] Step 3: alternately deposit a tantalum (Ta) layer and an iron layer on the zigzag surface obtained in step 2 by thermal spraying. There are a total of 10 tantalum layers, and each tantalum layer has a thickness of 10 μm. Except for the outermost iron layer, the thickness of the remaining iron layers is 2 μm, and the outermost deposited iron layer has a thickness of 110 μm;

[0063] Step 4: polish the surface of the outermost deposited iron layer to be flat to obtain an interlocking laminate rough blank;

[0064] Step 5: plasma carburize the interlocking laminate rough blank obtained in step 3. The carburizing temperature is 1200℃, and the carburizing is completed when all the tantalum layers in step 3 are converted into TaC ceramic layers. After carburizing, the furnace is cooled to room temperature, and finally a TaC / Fe interlocking laminate is obtained on the surface of the 45 steel, wherein the TaC layer is a ceramic layer with Fe atoms dissolved, the Fe layer is an iron-carbon alloy layer with Fe as the main element, and the interface between the layers is irregular zigzag and has metallurgical bonding.

[0065] By the above method, the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminate material has the following characteristics:

[0066] (1) a corrugated ordered microstructure sheet is formed, the ceramic layer and the ductile metal layer form a primary ordered thin layer structure, and then each thin layer presents a 45° zigzag interlocking structure to form a secondary ordered structure. The multi-level ordered structure cooperates with each other, so that the material presents super strength and super toughness;

[0067] (2) the ceramic layer is dense and pore-free, and the volume fraction of TaC in the ceramic layer is as high as 98%;

[0068] (3) the interface between the ceramic layer and the iron layer is irregular zigzag in microstructure and has metallurgical bonding. The interfacial bonding force can reach 100 N.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] Step 1: polish the surface of the T12 steel, and then vacuum carburize. The carburizing temperature is 900℃, and the carburizing layer thickness (L) is in the range of 50 μm;

[0071] Step 2: polish the surface of the carbon steel after carburizing in step 1, and use reactive ion etching to make a sawtooth structure on the surface. The sawtooth shape is an isosceles right triangle with the straight side at 45° to the surface of the carbon steel. The sawtooth height H is 30 μm, and a carbon steel with a sawtooth surface is obtained.

[0072] Step 3: use electroplating to alternately deposit a titanium layer and an iron layer on the sawtooth surface obtained in step 2. There is 1 titanium layer, and the thickness of the titanium layer is 10 μm. The thickness of the remaining iron layers is 10 μm, except for the outermost iron layer. The outermost iron layer is deposited, and its thickness is 30 μm.

[0073] Step 4: polish the surface of the outermost iron layer to be flat, and obtain a rough billet of the interlocking laminated material.

[0074] Step 5: vacuum carburize the rough billet of the interlocking laminated material obtained in step 3. The carburizing temperature is 1100°C. When all the titanium layers prepared in step 3 are converted into TiC ceramic layers, the carburizing is completed. After carburizing, the furnace is cooled to room temperature, and finally a TiC / Fe interlocking laminated material is obtained on the surface of the T12 steel. The TiC layer is a ceramic layer with dissolved Fe atoms, the Fe layer is an iron-carbon alloy layer with Fe as the main element, and the interface between the layers is irregularly serrated and has metallurgical bonding.

[0075] Through the above method, the ceramic metal interlocking laminated material on the surface of the carbon steel has the following characteristics:

[0076] (1) a thin plate with a corrugated ordered microstructure is formed. The ceramic layer and the ductile metal layer form a primary ordered thin layer structure, and then each thin layer presents a 45° serrated interlocking structure, forming a secondary ordered structure. The multi-level ordered structure cooperates with each other, making the material exhibit super strength and super toughness;

[0077] (2) the ceramic layer is dense and pore-free, and the volume fraction of TiC in the ceramic layer is as high as 92%;

[0078] (3) the interface between the ceramic layer and the iron layer is irregularly serrated and has metallurgical bonding. The interfacial bonding force can reach 110 N.

[0079] Example 4:

[0080] Step 1: polish the surface of the 45 steel, and then perform plasma carburizing. The carburizing temperature is 950°C, and the carburizing layer thickness (L) is in the range of 100 μm;

[0081] Step 2: polish the surface of the carbon steel after carburizing in step 1, and use wet etching to make a sawtooth structure on the surface. The sawtooth shape is an isosceles right triangle with the straight side at 45° to the surface of the carbon steel. The sawtooth height H is 60 μm, and a carbon steel with a sawtooth surface is obtained.

[0082] Step 3: A multi-arc ion plating (one of physical vapor deposition) is used to alternately deposit molybdenum layers and iron layers on the jagged surface obtained in Step 2, 20 molybdenum layers in total, each molybdenum layer has a thickness of 2 μm, and the thickness of the remaining iron layers is 0.5 μm except for the outermost iron layer, and then the deposited surface is ground flat.

[0083] Step 4: The surface of the outermost deposited iron layer is polished to be flat, and the interlocking laminated material blank is obtained.

[0084] Step 5: The interlocking laminated material blank obtained in Step 4 is subjected to solid carburizing, the carburizing temperature is 900℃, and the carburizing is completed when all the molybdenum layers prepared in Step 3 are converted into Mo2C ceramic layers, and then the carburized material is cooled to room temperature in the furnace, and finally a Mo2C / Fe interlocking laminated material is obtained on the surface of the 45 steel, wherein the Mo2C layer is a ceramic layer with Fe atoms dissolved, the Fe layer is an iron-carbon alloy layer with Fe as the main element, and the interface between the layers is irregularly jagged and has metallurgical bonding.

[0085] Through the above method, the ceramic metal interlocking laminated material on the surface of the carbon steel has the following characteristics:

[0086] (1) A corrugated ordered microstructure sheet is formed, the ceramic layer and the tough metal layer form a primary ordered thin layer structure, and then each thin layer presents a 45° jagged interlocking structure to form a secondary ordered structure, and the multi-level ordered structures cooperate with each other, so that the material presents super strength and super toughness characteristics;

[0087] (2) The ceramic layer is dense and pore-free, and the volume fraction of carbide in the ceramic layer is as high as 99%;

[0088] (3) The interface between the ceramic layer and the iron layer is irregularly jagged in microstructure and has metallurgical bonding, and the interfacial bonding force can reach 90N.

[0089] Example 5:

[0090] Step 1: The surface of the Q235 steel is polished, and then solid carburizing is performed, the carburizing temperature is 800℃, and the thickness (L) of the carburized layer is in the range of 20 μm.

[0091] Step 2: The carburized carbon steel surface in Step 1 is polished and polished, and a jagged structure is made on the surface by laser etching, the jagged shape is a 45° isosceles right triangle with the straight side of the carbon steel surface, the jagged height H is 10 μm, and a carbon steel with a jagged surface is obtained.

[0092] Step 3: using chemical vapor deposition on the jagged surface obtained in step 2 to deposit zirconium layer, iron layer, tantalum layer, iron layer as a cycle, the zirconium layer is 3 layers in total, the tantalum layer is 3 layers in total, the thickness of each zirconium layer and tantalum layer along the substrate to the surface direction is 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm respectively, the thickness of the remaining iron layer is 0.5 μm except the outermost iron layer, and the thickness of the outermost deposited iron layer is 12 μm;

[0093] Step 4: polishing the surface of the outermost deposited iron layer to be flat to obtain an interlocking laminated material rough blank;

[0094] Step 5: gas carburizing the interlocking laminated material rough blank obtained in step 4, the carburizing temperature is 1100℃, when all the zirconium layers and tantalum layers prepared in step 3 are respectively converted into ZrC ceramic layer and TaC ceramic layer, the carburizing is completed, and the furnace is cooled to room temperature, finally a ZrC (TaC) / Fe interlocking laminated material is obtained on the surface of the Q235 steel, wherein the ZrC layer and the TaC are ceramic layers in which Fe atoms are dissolved, the Fe layer is an iron-carbon alloy layer in which Fe is the main element, and the interface between the layers is irregularly jagged in microstructure and has metallurgical bonding.

[0095] Through the above method, the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material has the following characteristics:

[0096] (1) a corrugated ordered microstructure thin plate is formed, the ceramic layer and the ductile metal layer form a primary ordered thin layer structure, and then each thin layer presents a 45° jagged interlocking structure to form a secondary ordered structure, and the multiple ordered structures are mutually coordinated, so that the material presents super strength and super toughness characteristics;

[0097] (2) the ceramic layer is dense and pore-free, and the volume fraction of carbide in the ceramic layer is as high as 98%;

[0098] (3) the interface between the ceramic layer and the iron layer is irregularly jagged in microstructure and has metallurgical bonding, and the interfacial bonding force can reach 95 N.

[0099] The interfacial bonding force of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminated material prepared in the embodiments 1-5 is tested, and the test results are as follows:

[0100]

[0101] Through the above method, the interface between the ceramic layer and the iron layer of the present application is irregularly jagged in microstructure and has metallurgical bonding, and the interfacial bonding force exceeds 80 N, which has better toughening effect than the flat interface; the ceramic layer and the ductile metal layer form a primary ordered thin layer structure, and then each thin layer presents a 45° jagged interlocking structure to form a secondary ordered structure, and the multiple ordered structures are mutually coordinated, so that the material presents super strength and super toughness characteristics.

Claims

1. A ceramic-metal interlocking laminated material on a carbon steel surface, characterized in that, It includes two carbon steel layers, with a plurality of serrated metal multilayer films disposed between the two carbon steel layers. The serrated metal multilayer films include a carbide ceramic layer and an iron layer. An iron layer is disposed above the carbide ceramic layer. The interface between each carbide ceramic layer and the adjacent iron layer is irregularly serrated. The carbide ceramic layer is a ceramic layer with Fe atoms dissolved in it, and the iron layer is an iron-carbon alloy layer with Fe as the main element.

2. A method for preparing a ceramic-metal interlocking laminated material on a carbon steel surface, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: Step 1: Grind the carbon steel surface to remove surface contaminants, and then put it into a carburizing furnace for the first carburizing treatment to obtain carbon steel with a carburized layer, the thickness of which is L; Step 2: Pre-treat the carbon steel surface with the carburized layer, and then use a surface shaping process to make the carburized layer into a sawtooth structure to obtain carbon steel with a sawtooth surface. Step 3: A metal layer with carbide-forming ability is deposited on the serrated surface of carbon steel using a film preparation process. Iron is then deposited on the surface of the carbide-forming metal layer to form a tough metal layer. The tough metal layer and the carbide-forming metal layer are deposited alternately multiple times to obtain carbon steel with a serrated metal multilayer film on the surface. The outermost layer of the carbon steel with the serrated metal multilayer film on the surface is the tough metal layer. Step 4: Grind and polish the outermost tough metal layer of the carbon steel with a serrated metal multilayer film on the surface until the surface is flat to obtain a rough blank of the carbon steel surface ceramic metal interlocking laminate material. Step 5: Place the ceramic-metal interlocking laminated material blank into a carburizing furnace for a second carburizing treatment. When the metal layer with carbide forming ability is transformed into a carbide ceramic layer, the carburizing ends and the blank is cooled to room temperature with the furnace to obtain the ceramic-metal interlocking laminated material on the carbon steel surface. The first carburizing treatment method mentioned in step 1 is one of solid carburizing, gas carburizing, vacuum carburizing, and plasma carburizing, and the temperature range of the first carburizing treatment is 800℃-1000℃. In step 2, the pretreatment is grinding and polishing, and the surface roughness after polishing reaches 0.01μm-0.02μm. The surface shaping process is one of machining and etching processes. The machining is milling and turning. The etching process is any one of reactive ion etching, ion beam sputtering etching, wet etching, and laser etching. The number of metal layers with carbide-forming ability mentioned in step 3 ranges from 1 to 50 layers, and the thickness of a single layer ranges from 0.5 μm to 10 μm. The metal layers with carbide-forming ability are made of the same or different materials. The outermost tough metal layer has a thickness not less than the serration height H, and the thickness of the remaining tough metal layers ranges from 0.5 μm to 10 μm.

3. The method for preparing the carbon steel surface ceramic-metal interlocking laminated material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness L of the carburized layer in step 1 ranges from 10 to 200 μm.

4. The method for preparing the carbon steel surface ceramic-metal interlocking laminated material according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 2, the serration height H does not exceed the carburized layer thickness L in step 1, and the ratio of the serration height H to the carburized layer thickness L is in the range of 0.5-0.

9.

5. The method for preparing the carbon steel surface ceramic-metal interlocking laminated material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The metal element with carbide-forming ability in step 3 is any one of W, Mo, Cr, Ta, Nb, Ti, Zr, and V.

6. The method for preparing the carbon steel surface ceramic-metal interlocking laminated material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The film preparation process described in step 3 is one of physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, electroless plating, electroplating, or spraying.

7. The method for preparing the carbon steel surface ceramic-metal interlocking laminated material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second carburizing treatment in step 5 employs one of the following methods: solid carburizing, gas carburizing, vacuum carburizing, plasma carburizing, or interstitial atomic carburizing. The temperature range for the second carburizing treatment is 900℃-1200℃.

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