Construction equipment and methods for beam and slab installation using crane aerial lifting point transfer

Abstract

The present invention discloses a construction device for installing beams and slabs by transferring a crane's aerial lifting point. The device comprises a crane and a sling. The crane comprises a first crane and a second crane. The sling comprises a support plate, a beam-slab clamping mechanism, a cable, and an anti-slip pad. The anti-slip pad is laid on the upper surface of the support plate, and the cable is connected to each end of the support plate. The upper end of the cable forms a loop and is hung on the crane hook. The beam-slab clamping mechanism comprises an angle plate, a positioning block, and an elastic member. The positioning blocks are welded to corresponding positions at each end of the support plate. The anti-slip pad has a clearance opening for assembling the positioning blocks and the beam-slab clamping mechanism. The angle plate and the positioning block are rotatably connected. The elastic member is connected to the angle plate so that the opening of the angle plate faces the beam-slab, and the lower plate of the angle plate is tilted upward at a certain angle. The present invention has the advantages of small size, large lifting capacity, high operational integrity, and high flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of beam and slab hoisting, and in particular to construction equipment and a method for implementing beam and slab installation by transferring a crane's aerial hoisting point. Background Art

[0002] A crane is a multi-action lifting machine capable of vertically lifting and horizontally transporting heavy objects within a specific range. Truck cranes are often used as lifting equipment for municipal bridge girders and slabs. They offer advantages such as high speed, rapid movement, and minimal damage to the road surface, making them suitable for highly mobile and non-stationary work sites. However, truck cranes are constrained by site conditions and can only operate from the left, right, and rear positions. They are limited to installing small and medium-span precast girders and slabs on flat terrain without waterways. Furthermore, as the crane's operating range increases, its rated lifting capacity decreases significantly.

[0003] The twin-crane lifting method, on the other hand, uses two cranes to load, unload, or lift the same object into place. This requires the two cranes to have similar performance, symmetrical lifting points, and a rated lifting capacity not exceeding 75% of the total permitted lifting capacity of the two cranes under the specified conditions. Our company has found in years of bridge beam and slab lifting construction that the conventional twin-crane lifting method is significantly affected by topography. If the terrain is poor or if there are water-filled bridge openings, the beams and slabs cannot be transported to the middle of the proposed span, making this method difficult to apply. Furthermore, the single-crane lifting method, limited by its operating range and rated lifting capacity, requires equipment with 5 to 10 times the rated lifting capacity, resulting in poor economic efficiency.

[0004] Existing patent document 217894927U discloses a beam-slab hoisting structure for complex sites. This structure, through a lifting point conversion mechanism, addresses the issue of low lifting point conversion efficiency and slowed construction progress during the installation of single-span beams and slabs using a rear-mounted three-point lifting system in such complex sites. Existing patent document 217894927U secures the lifting point conversion mechanism by drilling holes in the beam slab. However, when using this method to hoist heavy beams and slabs, more and deeper holes must be drilled in the beam slab to reinforce the lifting point conversion mechanism, which undoubtedly causes damage to the beam slab structure and poses quality risks to the beam slab.

[0005] The disclosure of the above background technology content is only used to assist in understanding the concept and technical solution of the present invention. It does not necessarily belong to the prior art of this patent application. In the absence of clear evidence that the above content has been disclosed on the filing date of this patent application, the above background technology should not be used to evaluate the novelty and creativity of this application. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method that improves and further optimizes the construction method based on the traditional double-machine lifting method, and innovates a construction equipment and method for beam and slab installation by transferring the lifting points in the air of a crane. The method is applicable to the lifting of single-span beams and slabs in complex terrain and with water bridge holes. First, the method uses finite element software to establish a lifting model, analyzes and verifies the stress conditions of different lifting points, and determines the reasonable lifting point positions; second, the beam transport vehicle is turned 90 degrees and rear-mounted to feed the beams, and the crane is used for lifting, which can reduce the working range of the crane and lower the environmental requirements; third, three lifting points are set on the beam and slab, and the crane lifting relay is realized by transferring the lifting points in the air, thereby reducing the performance requirements of the lifting equipment and achieving the goal of "small lifting, big lifting".

[0007] To this end, the present invention proposes a construction device and method for realizing beam and slab installation by transferring the aerial lifting point of a crane.

[0008] Preferably, the present invention may also have the following technical features:

[0009] The crane aerial lifting point transfer realizes the beam and slab installation construction equipment, including a crane and a spreader. The upper end of the spreader is connected to the hook of the crane, and the lower end is connected to the beam and slab. There are two cranes, including a first crane and a second crane. The spreader includes a support plate, a beam and slab clamping mechanism, and a cable. The two ends of the support plate are respectively connected to the cable. The upper end of the cable forms a loop and is hung on the hook of the crane; the beam and slab clamping mechanism includes an angle plate, a positioning block, an elastic member, and an anti-slip pad. The anti-slip pad is laid on the upper surface of the support plate. The two ends of the support plate are also welded with corresponding positioning blocks, and the anti-slip pad has a makeshift opening for assembling the positioning blocks and the beam-plate clamping mechanism; the distance between the two positioning blocks is greater than the width of the bottom of the beam-plate, and the height of the positioning block is less than the thickness of the anti-slip pad; the angle plate is composed of an upper plate and a lower plate, and the joint of the two is rotatably connected to the positioning block; the elastic member is connected to the angle plate so that the opening of the angle plate faces the beam-plate, and the lower plate of the angle plate is tilted upward at a certain angle; the length of the upper plate is less than or equal to the length of the lower plate to adapt to beam-plate bottoms of different widths.

[0010] Furthermore, the included angle between the lower plate and the upper plate of the angle plate is 50-75°.

[0011] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the lower plate of the corner plate is 20-40°.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower plate end of the angle plate is a curved plate, and the arched surface of the curved plate faces upward.

[0013] Furthermore, the angle plate and the positioning block are connected in rotation by means of an axial hole connection; a rotating shaft is provided at the joint of the angle plates, and a corresponding positioning hole is provided on the positioning block to connect the rotating shaft, so that the angle plate can rotate around the rotating shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the elastic member is a torsion spring, which is installed on the rotating shaft. By adjusting the fixed positions of the two ends of the torsion spring, the direction of the angle plate is controlled, and when the beam plate presses down the lower plate of the angle plate, the angle plate has an elastic tendency to return to its original position.

[0015] Furthermore, the elastic member is a pressure spring, the lower end of the pressure spring is connected to the support plate, and the upper end is connected to the lower plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the sling further comprises a triangular connection structure, which comprises a crossbar, a lifting ring, and a steel wire rope. The two ends of the crossbar are respectively connected to a section of steel wire rope, the upper end of the steel wire rope is connected to the lifting ring, and is hung on the hook of the crane by the lifting ring; the upper ends of the two cables are respectively connected to the two ends of the crossbar;

[0017] It also includes a tension spring, a wire rope U-shaped clamp, a spring tension sensor, and a tension display. The spring tension sensor and the tension display are electrically connected. The tension display is installed in the crane cab. Two wire rope U-shaped clamps are fixed at intervals on each of the cables. The tension spring and the spring tension sensor are connected. The distance between the two wire rope U-shaped clamps on the same cable is greater than the total length of the tension spring and the spring tension sensor. The other end of the tension spring is connected to one of the wire rope U-shaped clamps, and the spring tension sensor is connected to the other wire rope U-shaped clamp, and a connecting nut is used to prevent the tension spring from falling out.

[0018] A method for using a sling used in the above-mentioned crane aerial lifting point transfer to realize beam and slab installation construction equipment comprises the following steps:

[0019] Select the size of the angle plate according to the width of the bottom of the beam plate, and ensure that after the anti-slip pad contacts the bottom surface of the beam plate, the front end of the upper plate of the angle plate just abuts the side of the beam plate; put the lower part of the sling around the beam plate, and use the elastic part to control the direction of the angle plate opening; move the sling to the beam plate lifting point, and after the sling is stable, slowly lift the sling with a crane to make the lower plate of the angle plate abut the bottom surface of the beam plate, and continue to lift the sling. When the bottom surface of the beam plate abuts the support plate, the front ends of the upper plates of the angle plates on both sides of the beam plate just abut against the beam plate.

[0020] The method for implementing beam and slab installation by transferring the crane's aerial lifting point includes the aforementioned equipment and method for using the lifting device for implementing beam and slab installation by transferring the crane's aerial lifting point. A first crane and a second crane are respectively arranged on both sides of a river bank, and the first crane and the second crane are arranged asymmetrically. The method includes the following steps:

[0021] Construction preparation: perform a stress analysis on the beam slab and select three lifting points on the beam slab. The first and second lifting points are located at the front end of the beam slab, and the third lifting point is set at the rear end of the beam slab, with the first lifting point located between the second and third lifting points.

[0022] The passive vehicle supports the front end of the beam plate, and the beam transport vehicle supports the rear end of the beam plate. The beam transport vehicle and the passive vehicle are used to transport the beam plate to the boom side of the first crane, with the direction of the beam plate being the same as the river direction;

[0023] The front end of the beam slab is lifted separately by the first crane through the first lifting point, and the passive vehicle unloads the force and separates it from the beam slab;

[0024] The beam transport vehicle's main vehicle cooperates with the first crane to move the beam, and stops when the front end of the beam slab moves to a position 1.5m away from the abutment. The second crane extends its arm from the abutment on the other side of the river and connects to the second lifting point. At this time, the first crane still lifts the beam slab alone, and the second crane is not under any load at the second lifting point.

[0025] The beam transport vehicle adopts a 90-degree turn and rear-mounted feeding method to feed the beam, cooperating with the first crane to move the beam into position; the second crane's boom moves simultaneously with the beam plate, and the wire rope of the second crane must be kept tight to prevent the wire rope from shifting and falling off;

[0026] After the beam and slab move to the mid-span position, the second crane starts lifting at the second lifting point, maintaining force simultaneously with the first crane. The hook of the first crane slowly descends and stops after the support plate and the beam and slab clamping mechanism are completely separated from the beam and slab structure. At this time, the second crane lifts the beam and slab independently at the second lifting point. Then, the first crane switches to the third lifting point for lifting, completing the aerial lifting point transfer.

[0027] The first crane and the second crane simultaneously lift the beam slab, raising it to a position 1.0m above the main vehicle of the beam transport vehicle. The beam transport vehicle then slowly detaches. The first crane at the third lifting point and the second crane at the second lifting point simultaneously move the beam. The rotation speeds of the two crane booms must be consistent, and the beam slab surface must remain horizontal.

[0028] When the beam and slab are hoisted to the corresponding position above the abutment, the two cranes stop moving; after the beam and slab are stable, the hooks are slowly lowered to a position 10 to 15 cm above the abutment. After the supports are calibrated, the two cranes slowly lower the hooks at the same time and the beam and slab are in place.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art include: (1) The method of the present invention can increase the rated lifting capacity while the performance of the existing crane remains unchanged; or, when the rated lifting capacity remains unchanged, reduce the performance requirements of the crane, and realize the "small crane with large capacity", which has good economic benefits. (2) The angle plate and the positioning block are detachably connected. By selecting upper and lower plates of different lengths, the width of the bottom of the beam plate can be adapted so that when the sling lifts the beam plate, the front end of the upper plate of the angle plate abuts against the side of the beam plate. In this way, the angle plates installed on both sides of the beam plate form a clamp on the bottom of the beam plate, limiting the side sliding of the beam plate on the support plate. The replaceable angle plates can adapt to the bottom of beam plates of different widths, and have strong applicability and high flexibility. (3) The angle plates under normal conditions are positioned by elastic parts, and the angle plates have an elastic tendency to return to their original position after receiving the pressure of the beam plate. During the rotation of the angle plate under the beam plate, the angle plate has the elastic force to return to its original position, so that the lower plate of the angle plate always keeps in contact with the bottom surface of the beam plate, preventing the angle plate from rotating too fast and causing the upper plate to directly contact the beam plate; at the same time, it can also ensure that the state of the angle plate remains unchanged under normal circumstances, avoiding the angle plate from flipping over due to collision or swinging during work, affecting the lifting operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spreader of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Magnified view of part A.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the angle plate structure.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first crane lifting alone and the beam transport vehicle being detached from the passive vehicle.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the beam transport vehicle with the main carriage turning 90 degrees and feeding the beams in the rear position.

[0036] Figure 7 The first crane lifting point is transferred in the air, and the beam transport vehicle and auxiliary vehicle are separated.

[0037] Figure 8 The first crane and the second crane move the lifting beam horizontally and lower the beam.

[0038] Description of the accompanying drawings, Figure 5-Figure 8 This is a sequence diagram for lifting beams and slabs. In the figure, crane 1 is the first crane, crane 2 is the second crane, lifting point 1 is the first lifting point, lifting point 2 is the second lifting point, and lifting point 3 is the third lifting point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention and its application.

[0040] Non-limiting and non-exclusive embodiments will be described with reference to the following figures, wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts unless otherwise specifically specified.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 8 The illustrated crane-mounted aerial lifting point transfer system for beam-slab installation construction includes a crane and a lifting device. The lifting device's upper end is connected to the crane's hook, and its lower end is connected to the beam-slab 10. There are two cranes, a first crane 20 and a second crane 30. The lifting device comprises a support plate 1, a beam-slab clamping mechanism, a cable 2, and an anti-slip pad 3. The anti-slip pad 3 is laid on the top surface of the support plate 1, with the cable 2 attached to each end. The cable 2 forms a loop at its upper end and hooks onto the crane's hook. The beam-slab clamping mechanism comprises an angle plate, positioning blocks 84, and an elastic member. Positioning blocks 84 are welded to corresponding positions at each end of the top surface of the support plate 1. The anti-slip pad 3 has a clearance opening for the positioning blocks 84 and the beam-slab clamping mechanism. When the angle plate is rotated, the front end of the angle plate's lower plate 82 can abut against the top surface of the support plate 1. The distance between the two positioning blocks 84 is greater than the width of the bottom of the beam-slab, and the height of the positioning blocks 84 is less than the thickness of the anti-slip pad 3. The angle plate is formed by combining an upper plate 81 and a lower plate 82. The joint between the two is rotatably connected to a positioning block 84. The elastic member is connected to the angle plate and acts on the angle plate, so that the opening of the angle plate is directed toward the beam plate 10, and the lower plate 82 of the angle plate is tilted upward at a certain angle. The length of the upper plate 81 (the distance from the front end of the upper plate 81 to the joint) is less than or equal to the length of the lower plate 82 to accommodate beam plate bottoms of different widths. In this embodiment, the angle plate and the positioning block 84 are detachably connected. By selecting upper plates 81 and lower plates 82 of different lengths to adapt to the width of the beam plate bottom, when the lifting device lifts the beam plate 10, the front end of the upper plate 81 of the angle plate abuts the side of the beam plate 10. In this way, the angle plates installed on both sides of the beam plate 10 clamp the bottom of the beam plate, limiting the sideways sliding of the beam plate 10 on the support plate 1.

[0042] During operation, the size of the angle plate is selected according to the width of the bottom of the beam plate 10, and after ensuring that the anti-slip pad 3 is in contact with the bottom surface of the beam plate 10, the front end of the upper plate 81 of the angle plate just abuts the side of the beam plate 10, and the front end of the lower plate 82 of the angle plate is spaced from the upper surface of the support plate 1; put the lower part of the sling around the beam plate 10, and use the elastic part to control the direction of the angle plate opening; after the sling is stable, use the crane to slowly lift the sling so that the lower plate 82 of the angle plate abuts the bottom surface of the beam plate 10, and continue to lift the sling. When the bottom surface of the beam plate 10 abuts the support plate 1, the front ends of the upper plates 81 of the angle plates on both sides of the beam plate 10 just abut against the beam plate 10.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the angle between the lower plate 82 and the upper plate 81 of the angle plate is 50-75°, preferably 60-70°. At the same time, the inclination angle of the lower plate 82 of the angle plate is controlled to be 20-40°, preferably 25-35°. If the inclination angle is too large, the component force of the lower plate 82 toward the angle plate joint will be greater during the process of the beam plate 10 pressing down the lower plate 82, which will easily damage the connection between the angle plate and the positioning block 84. Then, by controlling the angle and length relationship between the lower plate 82 and the upper plate 81, the rotation amplitude of the upper plate 81 rotating to contact the beam plate 10 is adjusted, thereby adapting to the clamping of beam plates 10 of different widths. For example, the angle between the lower plate 82 and the upper plate 81 is selected to be 60°, the inclination angle of the lower plate 81 is selected to be 25°, and then the appropriate lengths of the upper plate 81 and the lower plate 82 are selected according to the width of the beam plate 10. Preferably, combined with Figure 4 The end of the lower plate 82 of the angle plate (i.e., the end away from the angle plate joint) is a curved plate 86, with the arched surface of the curved plate 86 facing upward. The curved plate 86 is designed to contact the bottom surface of the beam plate 10 during hoisting, reducing the force component from the lower plate 82 to the angle plate joint, making the angle plate rotation process smoother.

[0044] The angle plate and the positioning block 84 are connected by a shaft hole to achieve rotational connection. For example, a rotation shaft 85 is set at the joint of the angle plate, and a corresponding positioning hole is set in the positioning block 84 to connect the rotation shaft 85, so that the angle plate can rotate around the rotation shaft 85.

[0045] In some feasible embodiments, the elastic member is a torsion spring, which is installed on the rotating shaft 85. By adjusting the fixed positions of the two ends of the torsion spring, the orientation of the angle plate under normal conditions is controlled, and when the beam plate 10 presses down the lower plate 82 of the angle plate, the angle plate has an elastic tendency to return to its original position.

[0046] In other feasible embodiments, the elastic member is a pressure spring 83, the lower end of the pressure spring 83 is connected to the support plate 1, and the upper end is connected to the lower plate 82. The pressure spring 83 is used to apply elastic force to the lower plate 82 to return to its original position.

[0047] In the above description, the elastic member is used to position the angle plate in normal operation, and to ensure that the angle plate has an elastic tendency to return to its original position after being subjected to pressure from the beam plate 10. During the process of the beam plate 10 pressing down on the angle plate and rotating it, the elastic force of the angle plate to return to its original position ensures that the lower plate 82 of the angle plate always maintains contact with the bottom surface of the beam plate 10, preventing the angle plate from rotating too quickly and causing the upper plate 81 to directly contact the beam plate 10. At the same time, the angle plate is kept in its normal state, preventing the angle plate from flipping due to collision or swinging during operation, which would affect the lifting operation.

[0048] See also Figure 2The sling also includes a triangular connection structure, which includes a cross bar 4, a lifting ring 6, and a steel wire rope 5. The two ends of the cross bar 4 are respectively connected to a section of steel wire rope 5, and the upper end of the steel wire rope 5 is connected to the lifting ring 6, and is hung on the hook of the crane using the lifting ring 6. The upper ends of the two cables 2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the cross bar 4. In this way, the cross bar 4, the cables 2, and the support plate 1 surround a rectangular frame structure, and the width of the rectangular frame is greater than the width of the beam 10, and the height is greater than the height of the beam 10. When lifting the beam 10, the cables 2 are at a certain distance from the beam 10 and do not contact the beam 10, so as to prevent the cables 2 and the beam 10 from interfering when the lifting point is changed in the air, causing the beam 10 to swing.

[0049] The crane also includes a tension spring 73, a wire rope U-shaped clamp 71, a spring tension sensor 74, and a tension indicator. The spring tension sensor 74 is electrically connected to the tension indicator, which is installed in the crane cab for the crane operator to view. The tension indicator displays the value of the spring tension sensor 74. Two wire rope U-shaped clamps 71 are fixed to each cable 2 at intervals. The tension spring 73 and the spring tension sensor 74 are connected, and the distance between the two wire rope U-shaped clamps 71 on the same cable is greater than the total length of the tension spring 73 and the spring tension sensor 74. The other end of the tension spring 73 is connected to one of the wire rope U-shaped clamps 71, and the spring tension sensor 74 is connected to the other wire rope U-shaped clamp 71. Nuts are used to prevent the tension spring 73 and the tension sensor 73 from falling out of the wire rope U-shaped clamp 71. In this way, after the tension spring 73, the wire rope U-shaped clamp 71, and the spring tension sensor 74 are installed on the cable 2, the cable 2 between the two wire rope U-shaped clamps 71 is bent into a certain arc. When the cable 2 lifts the beam 10, the cable 2 is straightened again, the tension spring 73 is stressed, and the tension display shows the tension value. Before lifting, first test the spring tension value P of the cable 2 after it is straightened. During the lifting process, if the tension value on the tension display is less than P, it means that the sling is docking with the beam 10 and the sling is not fully stressed. If the tension display shows that the tension value reaches P, it means that the sling is fully stressed, and the beam 10 can be lifted by pulling the cable 2. During the process of lifting the beam 10, the personnel on the river bank are watching from a distance. It is difficult to accurately grasp the exact position of the sling, and it is also impossible to observe in time whether the sling is hooked on the steel bars or protrusions on the beam 10 during its movement in the air, which poses a safety risk. Through the coordination of the tension spring 73, the wire rope U-shaped clamp 71, the spring tension sensor 74 and the tension display, during lifting, the crane operator can judge the status of the sling according to the value changes of the tension display; in the process of moving the sling in the air to transfer the lifting point, the value changes of the tension display can also be used to quickly judge whether the sling has the risk of interfering with other objects, thereby eliminating the danger in time.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, rubber pads 87 are connected to the front ends of the upper plate 81 and the lower plate 82 of the angle plate to prevent the beam plate from being scratched.

[0051] A method for using a sling used in the above-mentioned crane to transfer the aerial lifting point to realize beam and slab installation construction equipment includes the following steps:

[0052] Select the size of the angle plate according to the width of the bottom of the beam slab 10, and ensure that after the anti-slip pad 3 contacts the bottom surface of the beam slab 10, the front end of the upper plate 81 of the angle plate just abuts the side of the beam slab 10; put the lower part of the sling around the beam slab 10, and use the elastic part to control the direction of the angle plate opening; move the sling to the lifting point of the beam slab 10, and after the sling is stable, slowly lift the sling with the crane so that the lower plate 82 of the angle plate abuts the bottom surface of the beam slab 10, and continue to lift the sling. When the bottom surface of the beam slab 10 abuts the support plate 1, the front ends of the upper plates 81 of the angle plates on both sides of the beam slab 10 just abut against the side of the beam slab 10.

[0053] The construction method of beam and slab installation is realized by transferring the crane's aerial lifting point. A first crane and a second crane are respectively set up on both sides of the river bank. The first crane and the second crane are arranged asymmetrically, including the following steps:

[0054] Construction preparation, perform force analysis on the beam slab 10, select three hanging points on the beam slab 10, among which the first hanging point 101 and the second hanging point 102 are located at the front end of the beam slab 10, and the third hanging point 103 is provided at the rear end of the beam slab, and the first hanging point 101 is located between the second hanging point 102 and the third hanging point 103.

[0055] The passive vehicle supports the front end of the beam plate, and the beam transport vehicle supports the rear end of the beam plate. The beam transport vehicle and the passive vehicle are used to transport the beam plate to the boom side of the first crane. The direction of the beam plate is the same as that of the river.

[0056] The first crane 20 is used to lift the front end of the beam slab separately through the first lifting point 101, and the passive vehicle unloads the force and separates it from the beam slab; specifically, the first crane 20 lifts the front end of the beam slab and suspends it 500mm above the passive vehicle of the beam transport vehicle, and then rotates the crane arm evenly toward the abutment side to completely separate the beam slab 10 from the passive vehicle, and then lowers the lifting height to keep the beam slab level.

[0057] The main vehicle of the beam transport vehicle cooperates with the first crane 20 to move the beam, and stops after the front end of the beam slab 10 moves to a position 1.5m away from the abutment; the second crane 30 extends its arm from the abutment on the other side of the river to connect to the second lifting point 102; at this time, the first crane 20 is still used to lift the beam slab alone, and the second crane 30 is not under force at the second lifting point 102.

[0058] The beam transport vehicle adopts a 90-degree turning rear-mounted beam feeding method, cooperating with the first crane 20 to move the beam into position; the second crane 30 boom moves simultaneously with the beam plate 10, and it is necessary to ensure that the wire rope of the second crane 30 is taut to prevent the wire rope from shifting and falling off.

[0059] After the beam-slab moves to the mid-span position, the second crane 30 lifts at the second lifting point 102 and maintains force at the same time as the first crane 20; the hook of the first crane 20 slowly descends and stops after the support plate 1 and the beam-slab clamping mechanism are completely separated from the beam-slab structure. At this time, the second crane lifts the beam-slab alone at the second lifting point; then, the first crane switches to the third lifting point for lifting, completing the aerial lifting point conversion.

[0060] The first crane 20 and the second crane 30 lift the beam slab simultaneously, and after the beam slab is lifted to a position 1.0m above the main vehicle of the beam transport vehicle, the beam transport vehicle slowly separates; the first crane at the third lifting point 103 and the second crane at the second lifting point 102 synchronously move the beam, the rotation speed of the two crane booms must be kept consistent, and the beam slab surface must be kept level.

[0061] When the beam slab is hoisted to the corresponding position above the abutment, the two cranes stop moving; after the beam slab is stable, the hooks are slowly lowered to a position 10 to 15 cm above the abutment (to keep the box beam stable). After the supports are calibrated, the two cranes slowly lower the hooks at the same time, and the hollow slab beam is in place.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will recognize that numerous variations to the foregoing description are possible, and that the examples and figures are intended only to describe one or more specific implementations.

[0063] Although what is considered to be exemplary embodiments of the present invention has been described and illustrated, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions may be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation to the teachings of the present invention without departing from the central concept of the invention described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but rather encompasses all embodiments and their equivalents falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crane aerial lifting point transfer realizes beam and slab installation construction equipment, including a crane and a spreader, wherein the upper end of the spreader is connected to the hook of the crane and the lower end is connected to the beam and slab. There are two cranes, including a first crane and a second crane, characterized by: The sling includes a support plate, a beam-plate clamping mechanism, a cable, and an anti-slip pad. The anti-slip pad is laid on the upper surface of the support plate, and the two ends of the support plate are respectively connected to the cable. The upper end of the cable forms a loop and is hung on the hook of the crane; the beam-plate clamping mechanism includes an angle plate, a positioning block, and an elastic member. The two ends of the support plate are also respectively welded with positioning blocks of corresponding positions. The anti-slip pad is opened to make way for the positioning block and the beam-plate clamping mechanism; the distance between the two positioning blocks is greater than the bottom of the beam plate The width of the angle plate is less than 100mm, and the height of the positioning block is less than the thickness of the anti-slip pad; the angle plate is composed of an upper plate and a lower plate, and the joint of the two is rotatably connected to the positioning block; the elastic member is connected to the angle plate so that the opening of the angle plate faces the beam plate, and the lower plate of the angle plate is inclined upward at a certain angle; the length of the upper plate is less than or equal to the length of the lower plate to adapt to the bottom of beam plates of different widths, and the direction of the angle plate is controlled by adjusting the fixed positions of the two ends of the torsion spring, and when the beam plate presses down the lower plate of the angle plate, the angle plate has an elastic tendency to return to its original position; It also includes a tension spring, a wire rope U-shaped clamp, a spring tension sensor, and a tension display. The spring tension sensor and the tension display are electrically connected. The tension display is installed in the crane cab. Two wire rope U-shaped clamps are fixed at intervals on each of the cables. The tension spring and the spring tension sensor are connected. The distance between the two wire rope U-shaped clamps on the same cable is greater than the total length of the tension spring and the spring tension sensor. The other end of the tension spring is connected to one of the wire rope U-shaped clamps, and the spring tension sensor is connected to the other wire rope U-shaped clamp, and a connecting nut is used to prevent the tension spring from falling out.

2. The construction equipment for beam and slab installation by transferring the crane's aerial lifting point as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the lower plate and the upper plate of the angle plate is 50-75°.

3. The construction equipment for beam and slab installation by transferring the crane's aerial lifting point as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the lower plate of the corner plate is 20-40°.

4. The construction equipment for beam and slab installation by transferring the crane's aerial lifting point as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The lower plate end of the angle plate is a curved plate, and the arched surface of the curved plate faces upward.

5. The construction equipment for beam and slab installation by transferring the crane's aerial lifting point as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: The angle plate and the positioning block are connected in rotation by means of an axial hole connection; a rotating shaft is provided at the joint of the angle plates, and a corresponding positioning hole is provided on the positioning block to connect the rotating shaft, so that the angle plate can rotate around the rotating shaft.

6. The construction equipment for beam and slab installation by transferring the crane's aerial lifting point as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member is a torsion spring, and the torsion spring is installed on the rotating shaft.

7. The construction equipment for beam and slab installation by transferring the crane's aerial lifting point as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member is a pressure spring, the lower end of the pressure spring is connected to the support plate, and the upper end is connected to the lower plate.

8. The construction equipment for beam and slab installation by transferring the crane's aerial lifting point as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sling also includes a triangular connection structure, which includes a cross bar, a lifting ring, and a steel wire rope. The two ends of the cross bar are respectively connected to a section of steel wire rope, the upper end of the steel wire rope is connected to the lifting ring, and is hung on the hook of the crane using the lifting ring; the upper ends of the two cables are respectively connected to the two ends of the cross bar.

9. A method for using the sling used in the crane aerial lifting point transfer of claim 1 to implement beam and slab installation construction equipment, comprising the following steps: Select the size of the angle plate according to the width of the bottom of the beam plate, and ensure that after the anti-slip pad contacts the bottom surface of the beam plate, the front end of the upper plate of the angle plate just abuts the side of the beam plate; put the lower part of the sling around the beam plate, and use the elastic part to control the direction of the angle plate opening; move the sling to the beam plate lifting point, and after the sling is stable, slowly lift the sling with a crane to make the lower plate of the angle plate abut the bottom surface of the beam plate, and continue to lift the sling. When the bottom surface of the beam plate abuts the support plate, the front ends of the upper plates of the angle plates on both sides of the beam plate just abut against the beam plate.

10. A construction method for installing beams and slabs by transferring the lifting point of a crane in mid-air, comprising the equipment for installing beams and slabs by transferring the lifting point of a crane in mid-air as claimed in claim 1 and the method for using the lifting device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: A first crane and a second crane are respectively arranged on both sides of a river bank, wherein the first crane and the second crane are arranged asymmetrically, comprising the following steps: Construction preparation: perform a stress analysis on the beam slab and select three lifting points on the beam slab. The first and second lifting points are located at the front end of the beam slab, and the third lifting point is set at the rear end of the beam slab, with the first lifting point located between the second and third lifting points. The passive vehicle supports the front end of the beam plate, and the beam transport vehicle supports the rear end of the beam plate. The beam transport vehicle and the passive vehicle are used to transport the beam plate to the boom side of the first crane, with the direction of the beam plate being the same as the river direction; The front end of the beam slab is lifted separately by the first crane through the first lifting point, and the passive vehicle unloads the force and separates it from the beam slab; The beam transport vehicle's main vehicle cooperates with the first crane to move the beam, and stops when the front end of the beam slab moves to a position 1.5m away from the abutment. The second crane extends its arm from the abutment on the other side of the river and connects to the second lifting point. At this time, the first crane still lifts the beam slab alone, and the second crane is not under any load at the second lifting point. The beam transport vehicle adopts a 90-degree turn and rear-mounted feeding method to feed the beam, cooperating with the first crane to move the beam into position; the second crane's boom moves simultaneously with the beam plate, and the wire rope of the second crane must be kept tight to prevent the wire rope from shifting and falling off; After the beam and slab move to the mid-span position, the second crane starts lifting at the second lifting point, maintaining force simultaneously with the first crane. The hook of the first crane slowly descends and stops after the support plate and the beam and slab clamping mechanism are completely separated from the beam and slab structure. At this time, the second crane lifts the beam and slab independently at the second lifting point. Then, the first crane switches to the third lifting point for lifting, completing the aerial lifting point transfer. The first crane and the second crane simultaneously lift the beam slab, raising it to a position 1.0m above the main vehicle of the beam transport vehicle. The beam transport vehicle then slowly detaches. The first crane at the third lifting point and the second crane at the second lifting point simultaneously move the beam. The rotation speeds of the two crane booms must be consistent, and the beam slab surface must remain horizontal. When the beam and slab are hoisted to the corresponding position above the abutment, the two cranes stop moving; after the beam and slab are stable, the hooks are slowly lowered to a position 10 to 15 cm above the abutment. After the supports are calibrated, the two cranes slowly lower the hooks at the same time and the beam and slab are in place.

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