An ice layer hot water drill bit capable of removing rock debris in a borehole while drilling

Abstract

The application provides an ice layer hot water drill bit capable of removing rock debris in a hole while drilling, and belongs to the technical field of polar ice cap drilling. The drill bit comprises an outer pipe, a baffle, a valve core, a spring, a drill bit body, a blocking wire, a first sealing ring, a valve sleeve, a second sealing ring, a nozzle and a third sealing ring. The drill bit can form a branch hole at the bottom of the hole by changing the flow channel, so that the rock debris falls into the branch hole to achieve the purpose of removing the rock debris in the main hole, thereby greatly improving the drilling efficiency of the hot water drill when drilling through the ice layer containing rock debris. The drill bit utilizes the hydraulic principle, and the valve core is continuously kept at the upper limit position under the hot water pressure by arranging an annular cavity, so that the structure is simple and reliable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of polar ice cap drilling, and relates to an ice layer hot water drill bit, in particular to an ice layer hot water drill bit capable of removing rock debris in a hole while drilling. BACKGROUND

[0002] The near-bottom ice layer of the South and North Pole ice caps and glaciers usually contains a large amount of rock debris. When the ice layer hot water drill encounters such ice layer, the rock debris will accumulate at the bottom of the hole, and a heat insulation cushion layer will be formed between the drill bit and the ice layer, which causes the drilling speed to decrease greatly, the hole deviation to increase, and even the drilling to be unable to continue in a serious case. So far, there is no effective solution. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims at solving the problem of low drilling efficiency of the conventional hot water drill when drilling the ice layer containing rock debris, and provides an ice layer hot water drill bit capable of removing rock debris in a hole while drilling. The drill bit can form a branch hole at the bottom of the hole by changing the flow channel, so that the rock debris falls into the branch hole to achieve the purpose of removing the rock debris in the main hole, thereby greatly improving the drilling efficiency of the hot water drill when drilling the ice layer containing rock debris.

[0004] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to achieve the above object is: an ice layer hot water drill bit capable of removing rock debris in a hole while drilling, comprising an outer pipe, a baffle, a valve core, a spring, a drill bit body, a plug wire, a first sealing ring, a valve sleeve, a second sealing ring, a nozzle and a third sealing ring, the baffle is located inside the outer pipe and coaxially arranged with the outer pipe, the center of the baffle has a center hole for the valve core to pass through; the drill bit body is located below the outer pipe and coaxially arranged with the outer pipe; the valve sleeve is arranged inside the drill bit body, the valve sleeve is fixed on the drill bit body by a screw, and the annular gap formed between the valve sleeve and the drill bit body is sealed by the upper and lower two first sealing rings, the valve sleeve is internally processed with a drilling flow passage inlet, a drilling flow passage and a drilling flow passage outlet which are in communication with each other and are sealed by the plug wire, so that the water flow cannot enter the annular gap formed between the valve sleeve and the drill bit body, and the valve sleeve is internally processed with a branch hole flow passage and a branch hole jet hole which are in communication with each other and are not communicated with the drilling flow passage; the lower end of the valve core is inserted into the center hole of the valve sleeve, and the lowermost end of the valve core is sealingly connected with the nozzle by a thread, the upper end of the valve core passes through the center hole of the baffle and is connected with an external water supply hose, the upper part of the valve core is in a tolerance fit with the center hole of the baffle and can move in the center hole of the baffle, the outer surface of the valve core has three steps from top to bottom, which are a first step, a second step and a third step, the diameter of the first step is greater than the diameter of the center hole of the baffle, when the valve core moves upward, the first step will be in contact with the baffle, thereby limiting the upward movement of the valve core, the diameter of the second step is greater than the diameter of the center hole of the drill bit body, the second step is used for limiting the downward movement of the valve core, and the third step is used for cooperating with the inner step of the valve sleeve to form an annular cavity; the valve core is internally processed with a first center flow passage, a first center flow passage outlet, a second center flow passage inlet and a second center flow passage, wherein the center axes of the first center flow passage and the second center flow passage coincide with the center axis of the valve core, the first center flow passage and the second center flow passage are arranged in a manner of being separated from each other in an up-down manner, and the second center flow passage is located directly below the first center flow passage; the first center flow passage and the first center flow passage outlet are in communication, and the second center flow passage inlet and the second center flow passage are in communication; the second sealing ring is installed at the lower end of the valve core, so that the melted water in the borehole cannot enter the gap between the valve core and the valve sleeve; one third sealing ring is installed above and below the first center flow passage outlet, and one third sealing ring is installed above and below the second center flow passage inlet, which are used for sealing the annular gap formed between the valve core and the valve sleeve; the valve core and the nozzle connected therewith can move up and down in the valve sleeve; the spring is installed between the valve core and the baffle and is always in a compressed state, so that the valve core is pressed in the valve sleeve.

[0005] Further, the edge of the baffle is connected with the inner wall of the outer pipe by a screw.

[0006] Further, the upper part of the drill bit body is arranged in the outer pipe, and the upper part of the drill bit body is connected with the outer pipe by a screw.

[0007] Further, the drill bit body, the valve sleeve, the valve core and the nozzle are connected together, and an outer surface forms a conical surface.

[0008] Further, the nozzle comprises one bottom nozzle hole arranged along a central axis of the nozzle and four to six side nozzle holes arranged obliquely upward and uniformly distributed on the nozzle.

[0009] Further, the branch hole nozzle hole is arranged in an obliquely downward direction to form an obliquely downward branch hole.

[0010] The present application can bring the following beneficial effects through the above design scheme:

[0011] 1. The ice layer hot water drill bit capable of removing rock debris in a hole while drilling provided by the present application can remove rock debris at the bottom of the hole without replacing downhole drilling tools, solves the problem of low hot water drilling efficiency in the ice layer containing rock debris, and greatly improves the drilling efficiency.

[0012] 2. The ice layer hot water drill bit capable of removing rock debris in a hole while drilling provided by the present application utilizes hydraulic principle, continuously maintains the valve core at the upper limit position under the hot water pressure through the annular cavity, and has simple and reliable structure.

[0013] 3. The ice layer hot water drill bit capable of removing rock debris in a hole while drilling provided by the present application does not need additional electro-hydraulic control, can be connected with any hot water drilling tool after changing the sizes of the outer tube and the hot water inlet, has simple structure, low cost, and is convenient for popularization and application in the drilling of the ice layer containing rock debris in glaciers and polar ice caps. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application, constitute a part of the present application, and are used to understand the present application and do not constitute improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application, constitute a part of the present application, and are used to understand the present application and do not constitute improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 2 The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application, constitute a part of the present application, and are used to understand the present application and do not constitute improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 3 The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application, constitute a part of the present application, and are used to understand the present application and do not constitute improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 4 The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application, constitute a part of the present application, and are used to understand the present application and do not constitute improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 5 The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application, constitute a part of the present application, and are used to understand the present application and do not constitute improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 6 Open profile view of branch hole flow passage when the valve core is in upper limit position;

[0021] Figure 7 Close profile view of drilling flow passage when the valve core is in upper limit position.

[0022] The reference signs in the drawings are as follows: 1-outer tube; 2-stop plate; 3-valve core; 4-spring; 5-bit body; 6-first blocking wire; 7-first sealing ring; 8-valve sleeve; 9-second blocking wire; 10-second sealing ring; 11-nozzle; 12-third sealing ring; A-first central flow passage; B-first central flow passage outlet; C-drilling flow passage inlet; D-drilling flow passage; E-drilling flow passage outlet; F-second central flow passage inlet; G-second central flow passage; H-branch hole flow passage; J-branch hole jet hole; K-annular cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the present application, the present application will be further described below in conjunction with preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific description below is illustrative rather than limiting, and the protection scope of the present application should not be limited thereby. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be understood as the common meanings by those skilled in the art. In order to avoid obscuring the essence of the present application, well-known methods, processes, procedures and elements are not described in detail.

[0024] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7The ice layer hot water drill bit shown can remove rock debris in the hole while drilling, comprising an outer tube 1, a baffle 2, a valve core 3, a spring 4, a drill bit body 5, a first blocking wire 6, a first sealing ring 7, a valve sleeve 8, a second blocking wire 9, a second sealing ring 10, a nozzle 11 and a third sealing ring 12, the baffle 2 is located inside the outer tube 1 and coaxially arranged, the edge of the baffle 2 is connected with the inner wall of the outer tube 1 through a screw, the center of the baffle 2 has a central hole for the valve core 3 to pass through, and the baffle 2 is used for limiting the upper position of the spring 4; the drill bit body 5 is located below the outer tube 1 and coaxially arranged, the upper part of the drill bit body 5 is located in the outer tube 1, and the upper part of the drill bit body 5 is connected with the outer tube 1 through a screw; the valve sleeve 8 is arranged inside the drill bit body 5, the valve sleeve 8 is fixed on the drill bit body 5 through a screw, and the annular gap between the valve sleeve 8 and the drill bit body 5 is sealed through the upper and lower two first sealing rings 7, the inside of the valve sleeve 8 is processed with a drilling flow passage inlet C, a drilling flow passage D and a drilling flow passage outlet E which are communicated with each other, and are respectively sealed and blocked by the first blocking wire 6 and the second blocking wire 9 through threads, so as to prevent water flow from entering the annular gap between the valve sleeve 8 and the drill bit body 5, the inside of the valve sleeve 8 is further processed with a branch hole flow passage H and a branch hole jet hole J which are communicated with each other, and the branch hole flow passage H and the drilling flow passage D are not communicated with each other; the lower end of the valve core 3 is inserted into the central hole of the valve sleeve 8, the upper end of the valve core 3 is connected with the external water supply hose after passing through the central hole of the baffle 2, the lowermost end of the valve core 3 is sealingly connected with the nozzle 11 through threads, the upper small diameter section of the valve core 3 is matched with the diameter of the central hole of the baffle 2 within a tolerance, and can smoothly move in the central hole of the baffle 2, a step with a diameter larger than the diameter of the central hole of the baffle 2 is arranged below the small diameter section of the valve core 3, the step will be in contact with the baffle 2 after the valve core 3 moves upward, so as to limit the upper position of the valve core 3, a step with a diameter larger than the diameter of the central hole of the drill bit body 5 is arranged in the middle of the valve core 3, so as to limit the lower position of the valve core 3, the step arranged in the lower part of the valve core 3 is used for cooperating with the inner step of the valve sleeve 8 to form an annular cavity K; the inside of the valve core 3 is processed with a first central flow passage A, a first central flow passage outlet B, a second central flow passage inlet F and a second central flow passage G, wherein the central axes of the first central flow passage A and the second central flow passage G coincide with the central axis of the valve core 3, the first central flow passage A and the second central flow passage G are arranged in an upper and lower manner in a manner of being separated from each other, and the second central flow passage G is located directly below the first central flow passage A; the first central flow passage A and the first central flow passage outlet B are communicated with each other, the second central flow passage inlet F and the second central flow passage G are communicated with each other; the second sealing ring 10 is installed at the lower end of the valve core 3, so as to prevent the melted water in the hole from entering the gap between the valve core 3 and the valve sleeve 8; the third sealing ring 12 is installed near the first central flow passage outlet B and the second central flow passage inlet F of the valve core 3, wherein one third sealing ring 12 is installed above and below the first central flow passage outlet B, and one third sealing ring 12 is installed above and below the second central flow passage inlet F, so as to seal the annular gap between the valve core 3 and the valve sleeve 8; the valve core 3 and the nozzle 11 can move up and down in the valve sleeve 8.The spring 4 is installed between the valve core 3 and the baffle 2 and is always in compression to press the valve core 3 in the valve sleeve 8.

[0025] After the drill bit body 5, the valve sleeve 8, the valve core 3 and the nozzle 11 are connected together, the outer surface forms a conical surface to guide the hot water and ensure uniform melting at the hole bottom.

[0026] The nozzle 11 comprises a bottom spray hole and four to six side spray holes in an oblique upward direction to uniformly melt the ice layer at the bottom of the drill bit and prevent the formation of a narrow and deep pilot hole at the lower part of the drill bit.

[0027] The branch hole spray hole J is in an oblique downward direction to form an oblique downward branch hole to facilitate the falling of rock debris into the branch hole.

[0028] Working principle of the present application:

[0029] The ice layer hot water drill bit capable of removing rock debris in a hole while drilling provided by the present application needs to keep the nozzle 11 from contacting the ice layer when drilling in the ice layer, at this time, the valve core 3 is pressed against the drill bit body 5 under the pressure of the spring 4, and the valve core 3 is in the lower limit position. At this time, the first center flow passage outlet B of the valve core 3 and the drilling flow passage inlet C of the valve sleeve 8 are communicated, and the second center flow passage inlet F of the valve core 3 and the drilling flow passage outlet E of the valve sleeve 8 are communicated, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure hot water entering the first center flow passage A of the valve core 3 will reach the nozzle 11 via the first center flow passage outlet B, the drilling flow passage inlet C, the drilling flow passage D, the drilling flow passage outlet E, the second center flow passage inlet F and the second center flow passage G, and be sprayed from the nozzle 11 to realize ice melting drilling.

[0030] When drilling into the ice layer rock debris, the rock debris is accumulated at the hole bottom to cause the drilling speed to decrease, at this time, the drill bit is controlled to contact the rock debris at the hole bottom, the valve core 3 will move upward under the pushing of the rock debris at the hole bottom until the upper step of the valve core 3 contacts the baffle 2, and the valve core 3 is in the upper limit position. At this time, the first center flow passage outlet B of the valve core 3 will be communicated with the branch hole flow passage H of the valve sleeve 8, and the high-temperature and high-pressure hot water entering the first center flow passage A of the valve core 3 will be sprayed from the branch hole spray hole J via the first center flow passage outlet B and the branch hole flow passage H of the valve sleeve 8 to form a lateral branch hole in the ice layer. At the same time, since the valve core 3 moves upward, an annular cavity K will be formed between the lower end of the valve core 3 and the valve sleeve 8, when the valve core 3 is in the upper limit position, the annular cavity K will be communicated with the branch hole spray hole J, so that the hot water enters the annular cavity K, at this time, the upward pushing force of the high-pressure hot water in the annular cavity K on the valve core 3 is greater than the downward pushing force of the spring 4 on the valve core 3, even if the nozzle 11 and the rock debris at the hole bottom are separated, the valve core 3 can still be kept in the upper limit position.

[0031] The drill bit is kept hovering at a fixed position for a certain time, the oblique downward hot water jet sprayed from the branch hole jetting hole J will form an oblique downward branch hole around the main drilling hole, and the rock debris at the bottom of the hole will fall into the branch hole under the action of gravity, so as to keep the bottom of the main hole clean.

[0032] After the rock debris at the bottom of the hole is removed out of the main hole, the hot water supply of the drill bit is stopped, the pressure in the annular cavity K is reduced, the valve core 3 will move downward under the pushing action of the spring 4, so as to restore the valve core 2 to the lower limit position, in the process, the water in the annular cavity K will be left through the branch hole jetting hole J. When the valve core 3 reaches the lower limit position, the hot water can be supplied again, that is, the fast drilling can be carried out again.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A hot water drill bit for removing rock debris from boreholes while drilling, characterized in that, The system includes an outer tube (1), a baffle (2), a valve core (3), a spring (4), a drill body (5), a plug, a first sealing ring (7), a valve sleeve (8), a second sealing ring (10), a nozzle (11), and a third sealing ring (12). The baffle (2) is located inside the outer tube (1) and the two are coaxially arranged. The center of the baffle (2) has a central hole through which the valve core (3) passes. The drill body (5) is located below the outer tube (1) and the two are coaxially arranged. The valve sleeve (8) is located inside the drill body (5). The valve sleeve (8) is fixed to the drill body (5) by screws and seals the annular gap formed between the valve sleeve (8) and the drill body (5) by the upper and lower first sealing rings (7). The valve sleeve (8) has interconnected drilling channels machined inside. The inlet (C), drilling channel (D), and drilling channel outlet (E) are sealed with plug thread to prevent water from entering the annular gap between the valve sleeve (8) and the drill bit body (5). The valve sleeve (8) is also machined with interconnected branch hole channels (H) and branch hole nozzles (J). The branch hole channels (H) and drilling channel (D) are not interconnected. The lower end of the valve core (3) is inserted into the center hole of the valve sleeve (8), and the lowermost end of the valve core (3) is sealed to the nozzle (11) by threads. The upper end of the valve core (3) passes through the center hole of the baffle (2) and is connected to the external water supply hose. The upper part of the valve core (3) is tolerance-fitted with the center hole of the baffle (2) and can move within the center hole of the baffle (2). The outer surface of the valve core (3) has three steps from top to bottom, namely the first step, the second step and the third step. The diameter of the first step is larger than the diameter of the center hole of the baffle (2). When the valve core (3) moves upward, the first step will contact the baffle (2) to limit the valve core (3). The diameter of the second step is larger than the diameter of the center hole of the drill bit body (5). The second step is used to limit the valve core (3) to the bottom. The third step is used to cooperate with the inner step of the valve sleeve (8) to form an annular cavity (K). The valve core (3) is machined with a first central flow channel (A), a first central flow channel outlet (B), a second central flow channel inlet (F) and a second central flow channel (G). The central axis of the first central flow channel (A) and the second central flow channel (G) is aligned with the center of the valve core (3). The spindles coincide, and the first central flow channel (A) and the second central flow channel (G) are arranged vertically and vertically, with the second central flow channel (G) located directly below the first central flow channel (A). The first central flow channel (A) and the outlet (B) of the first central flow channel are connected, and the inlet (F) of the second central flow channel is connected to the second central flow channel (G). The second sealing ring (10) is installed at the lower end of the valve core (3) so that the molten water in the borehole will not enter the gap between the valve core (3) and the valve sleeve (8). A third sealing ring (12) is installed above and below the outlet (B) of the first central flow channel, and a third sealing ring (12) is installed above and below the inlet (F) of the second central flow channel, to seal the annular gap formed between the valve core (3) and the valve sleeve (8).The valve core (3) and the nozzle (11) connected thereto can move up and down within the valve sleeve (8); the spring (4) is installed between the valve core (3) and the baffle (2) and is always in a compressed state, so that the valve core (3) is pressed into the valve sleeve (8); the nozzle (11) includes a bottom spray hole and a side spray hole, the number of bottom spray holes is one, the bottom spray hole is set along the central axis of the nozzle (11), the side spray holes are set obliquely upward, the number of side spray holes is four to six, and all side spray holes are evenly distributed on the nozzle (11); the branch hole spray hole (J) is set obliquely downward to form an obliquely downward branch hole.

2. The hot water drill bit for removing rock debris from boreholes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the baffle (2) is connected to the inner wall of the outer tube (1) by screws.

3. The hot water drill bit for removing rock debris from boreholes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the drill bit body (5) is placed inside the outer tube (1), and the upper part of the drill bit body (5) is connected to the outer tube (1) by screws.

4. The hot water drill bit for removing rock debris from boreholes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: After the drill body (5), valve sleeve (8), valve core (3) and nozzle (11) are connected together, the outer surface forms a conical surface.

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