A blast furnace

Abstract

The present invention discloses a blast furnace, comprising a hearth, a belly, a waist and a furnace body. A furnace cover is provided on the top of the furnace body, and a first feeding port, a first feeding channel and a second feeding channel are respectively provided on the furnace cover. A slot is provided on the mouth wall of the first feeding port, and a feeding joint is embedded in the slot. A feeding elbow is provided at the lower end of the feeding joint, and the feeding elbow is connected to the discharge hopper. A butt joint is connected to the upper end of the feeding joint, and the butt joint is connected to the feeding hopper. A rotating motor is also provided on the furnace cover, and a rotating shaft of the rotating motor is connected to a gear. A gear ring is provided on the outer wall of the feeding joint, and the gear teeth and the gear ring are meshed with each other. The gear is used to drive the feeding joint to rotate, and at this time, the feeding hopper on the feeding elbow will make a circular motion, so that the iron ore is evenly distributed in the furnace body. While the iron ore is being fed, coke and limestone are regularly added from the first feeding channel and the second feeding channel to ensure that the three raw materials are evenly mixed, which can effectively accelerate the reaction efficiency, shorten the smelting cycle, and effectively improve the production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ironmaking, in particular to a blast furnace. Background Art

[0002] Smelting pig iron in a blast furnace is a critical process in the metallurgical industry, involving high-temperature solid, liquid, and gas phases, and various complex chemical reactions and physical changes. Typically, the bulk density of ore within the furnace is 2.0 to 22 t / m³, sintered ore is 1.6 t / m³, and coke is 0.55 t / m³. However, observing and studying the interior of the blast furnace during the actual smelting process is difficult. Furthermore, all three raw materials are poured directly into the furnace through the feed port, making them prone to accumulation. This slows down the reaction within the furnace, lengthens the smelting cycle, and significantly reduces production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a blast furnace to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a blast furnace, comprising a hearth, a belly, a waist and a furnace body; a furnace cover is provided on the top of the furnace body, and a first feed port, a first feed channel and a second feed channel are respectively provided on the furnace cover; a slot is provided on the wall of the first feed port, a feed connector is embedded in the slot, a feed elbow is provided at the lower end of the feed elbow, the feed elbow extends into the furnace body, the feed elbow is connected to a discharge hopper, the upper end of the feed connector is connected to a butt joint, and the butt joint is connected to the feed hopper;

[0005] The furnace cover is also provided with a rotating motor, the rotating shaft of the rotating motor is connected to a gear, and a gear ring is provided on the outer wall of the blanking joint, and the gear teeth and the gear ring are meshed with each other.

[0006] Preferably, the first feed channel and the second feed channel are respectively located on both sides of the first feed port, and the first feed channel and the second feed channel are arranged in an inclined shape. The first feed channel and the second feed channel have the same structure, including a strip-shaped through hole arranged on the channel wall and a movable baffle arranged at the end of the channel. The first feed channel and the second feed channel are also provided with an arc-shaped blanking plate, each of the blanking plates is provided with an arched support frame, and the support frame is provided with an L-shaped push rod, the vertical end of the push rod passes through the strip-shaped through hole and is connected to the cylinder, and the horizontal end of the push rod corresponds to the movable baffle.

[0007] Preferably, a circle of air inlet holes is provided on the furnace belly, and the air inlet holes are connected to air inlet pipes, and the air inlet pipes are all connected to an annular main air inlet pipe.

[0008] Preferably, a slag discharge port and an iron tapping port are respectively provided at the furnace cylinder.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a rotatable discharge joint on the furnace cover and uses gears to drive the discharge joint to rotate. At this time, the discharge hopper on the feed elbow will make a circular motion, and the iron ore will be evenly distributed in the furnace body; while the iron ore is being discharged, coke and limestone are regularly added from the first feed channel and the second feed channel to ensure that the three raw materials are evenly mixed, which can effectively accelerate the reaction efficiency, shorten the smelting cycle, and effectively improve production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the furnace cover of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the furnace cover of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the blanking plate of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end" are used to indicate positions or locations based on the positions or locations shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are intended solely to facilitate description and simplify the description of the invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0016] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "provided with," "connected," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, "connected" may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0017] See also Figure 1-4 The present invention provides a technical solution: a blast furnace, comprising a hearth 1, a bosh 2, a waist 3 and a furnace body 4, wherein a furnace cover 5 is provided on the top of the furnace body 4, and a first feed port 51, a first feed channel 52 and a second feed channel 53 are respectively provided on the furnace cover 5, a slot 511 is provided on the wall of the first feed port 51, a discharge joint 512 is embedded in the slot 511, a feed elbow 513 is provided at the lower end of the discharge joint 512, the feed elbow 513 extends into the furnace body 4, the feed elbow 513 is connected to a discharge hopper 514, the upper end of the discharge joint 512 is connected to a docking joint 515, and the docking joint 515 is connected to a feed hopper 516;

[0018] The furnace cover 5 is also provided with a rotating motor 54, the rotating shaft of the rotating motor 54 is connected to the gear 541, and the outer wall of the discharge joint 512 is provided with a ring gear 517. The gear 541 and the ring gear 517 are engaged with each other. By starting the rotating motor and using the gear to drive the discharge joint to rotate, the discharge joint can be driven to rotate, and at this time the discharge hopper below will also move in a circular motion.

[0019] In this embodiment, the first feed channel 52 and the second feed channel 53 are respectively located on both sides of the first feed port 51, and the first feed channel 52 and the second feed channel 53 are arranged in an inclined shape. The first feed channel 52 and the second feed channel 53 have the same structure, including a strip-shaped through hole 521 provided on the channel wall and a movable baffle 531 provided at the end of the channel. The first feed channel 52 and the second feed channel 53 are also provided with an arc-shaped blanking plate 55, each of the blanking plates 55 is provided with an arched support frame 551, and the support frame 551 is provided with an L-shaped push rod 552, the vertical end of the push rod 552 passes through the strip-shaped through hole 521 and is connected to the cylinder 553, and the horizontal end of the push rod 552 corresponds to the movable baffle 531;

[0020] Driven by the cylinder, the blanking plate moves downward, and the push rod will push the movable baffle open until the entire blanking plate extends to the middle of the furnace body to ensure that the raw materials fall into the middle of the furnace body, thereby preventing them from falling to the edge and being unable to react fully.

[0021] In this embodiment, a circle of air inlet holes is provided on the furnace belly 2, and the air inlet holes are connected to the air inlet pipes 21. The air inlet pipes 21 are all connected to a ring-shaped main air inlet pipe 22, so that oxygen-rich hot air can be ensured to enter the furnace body evenly from the bottom, ensuring sufficient combustion of the raw materials.

[0022] In this embodiment, a slag discharge port 11 and an iron tapping port 12 are respectively provided at the furnace cylinder 2 , wherein the slag discharge port is located at the upper side and the iron tapping port is located at the lower side.

[0023] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned blast furnace is used to smelt pig iron, and the operating steps are as follows:

[0024] Step 1: Oxygen-enriched hot air enters from the main air inlet pipe at the furnace waist, continuously providing heat source to the interior of the blast furnace. The temperature of the oxygen-enriched hot air must be guaranteed to be 1200°C.

[0025] Step 2: Iron ore is added from the feed hopper, and the hopper evenly distributes the iron ore under the rotation of the discharge joint;

[0026] Step 3: While adding a certain amount of iron ore into the blast furnace, coke and limestone need to be added into the blast furnace in three batches according to the corresponding proportions for mixed combustion;

[0027] Below, we take about 15 tons of iron ore, 6 tons of coke and 3 tons of limestone as an example to explain the material feeding method in detail:

[0028] After about 3 tons of iron ore is put in, coke and limestone are put in at the same time. They are added from the first and second feeding channels respectively. The movable baffle at the end of the channel is pushed open by the cylinder, and the coke and limestone can be lowered into the blast furnace.

[0029] After about 5 tons of iron ore, 2 tons of coke and 1 ton of limestone have been lowered into the blast furnace, the movable baffle at the end of the channel is closed under the drive of the cylinder, thereby stopping the lowering of coke and limestone into the blast furnace. During this period, the iron ore continues to be lowered into the blast furnace.

[0030] After about 8 tons of iron ore are added, coke and limestone are added again until about 10 tons of iron ore, about 2 tons of coke and about 1 ton of limestone are added. Then the coke and limestone are stopped, and the iron ore continues to be lowered into the blast furnace.

[0031] After about 13 tons of iron ore is put in, coke and limestone are added again until all the raw materials are put into the blast furnace;

[0032] Step 4: After the three raw materials of iron ore, coke and limestone are fully reacted and burned in the furnace, they melt into liquid pig iron. The slag is generally lighter than the pig iron and floats on the pig iron, so the slag is discharged from the slag outlet located at the top. The density of the pig iron is higher, so the pig iron is discharged from the iron outlet located at the bottom.

[0033] Through the feeding operation in the above step three, iron ore, coke and limestone are not easily accumulated, and can be guaranteed to be evenly distributed in the blast furnace. The oxygen-enriched hot air can fully burn the coke with 100% carbon content, accelerate the reaction efficiency of the three raw materials, and shorten the smelting cycle.

[0034] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations that come within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0035] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A blast furnace comprising a hearth (1), a bosh (2), a waist (3) and a shaft (4), characterized in that: A furnace cover (5) is provided on the top of the furnace body (4), and a first feed port (51), a first feed channel (52), and a second feed channel (53) are respectively provided on the furnace cover (5); a slot (511) is provided on the wall of the first feed port (51), a feed connector (512) is embedded in the slot (511), a feed elbow (513) is provided at the lower end of the feed connector (512), the feed elbow (513) extends into the furnace body (4), the feed elbow (513) is connected to a discharge hopper (514), the upper end of the feed connector (512) is connected to a docking joint (515), and the docking joint (515) is connected to the feed hopper (516); The furnace cover (5) is further provided with a rotating motor (54), the rotating shaft of the rotating motor (54) is connected to a gear (541), a gear ring (517) is provided on the outer wall of the blanking joint (512), and the gear (541) and the gear ring (517) are meshed with each other; The first feed channel (52) and the second feed channel (53) are respectively located on both sides of the first feed port (51), and the first feed channel (52) and the second feed channel (53) are arranged in an inclined shape. The first feed channel (52) and the second feed channel (53) have the same structure, including a strip-shaped through hole (521) arranged on the channel wall and a movable baffle (531) arranged at the end of the channel. The first feed channel (52) and the second feed channel (53) are also provided with an arc-shaped blanking plate (55), each of the blanking plates (55) is provided with an arched support frame (551), and the support frame (551) is provided with an L-shaped push rod (552), the vertical end of the push rod (552) passes through the strip-shaped through hole (521) and is connected to the cylinder (553), and the horizontal end of the push rod (552) corresponds to the movable baffle (531).

2. A blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circle of air inlet holes is provided on the furnace bosh (2), and the air inlet holes are connected to air inlet pipes (21), and the air inlet pipes (21) are all connected to an annular main air inlet pipe (22).

3. A blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace (1) is provided with a slag discharge port (11) and an iron outlet (12).

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