Self-power generation control system and control method for drainage pipe of tunnel in cold region

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel drainage pipe self-generating control system and control method in cold regions, which comprises the following steps: obtaining the elevation data of a plurality of self-generating units and the temperature data of the temperature sensors corresponding to the self-generating units; controlling the segmented work of the corresponding electric heat tracing bands according to the temperature data and the power generation of the corresponding self-generating units, and controlling the opening or closing of the valve clack of the butterfly valve in the self-generating unit according to the elevation data and the temperature data. The tunnel drainage pipe self-generating control system and control method in cold regions solve the problem that the wind energy generation cannot continuously provide heating for the tunnel drainage pipe in the prior art by utilizing the water flow in the tunnel center drainage ditch, effectively improve the utilization rate of the water potential energy in the center drainage ditch by planning and controlling the related power generation equipment in the center drainage ditch, and can be applied to frozen tunnel in various climate environments, and is very suitable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to self-generating control, in particular to a self-generating control system and method for a drainage pipe of a tunnel in a cold region. BACKGROUND

[0002] Freezing damage frequently occurs in the operation process of a tunnel in a cold region. The tunnel in a cold region generates frost heaving force under the combined action of low temperature and seepage. Excessive frost heaving force will cause phenomena such as lining cracking, lining concrete spalling, ice hanging and water overflowing, which seriously affect the safety and service life of the tunnel structure. Water plays a key role in the freezing damage problem of the tunnel in a cold region. Therefore, water in the tunnel needs to be discharged in time to avoid freezing damage.

[0003] At present, there is a relatively mature system for the treatment of water in the tunnel. The water is mainly discharged through longitudinal drainage pipes, circumferential drainage pipes, transverse drainage pipes, and is combined with deep-buried central drainage ditches for drainage. In most cases, the drainage system alone cannot solve the problem of freezing damage. The drainage system will also be damaged at low temperatures, resulting in the failure of the overall drainage system. At present, most tunnels rely on the laying of thermal insulation layers for heat insulation. However, due to design reasons, the drainage ditch is located at the corner of the tunnel wall, and the thermal insulation layer cannot be laid at this position, so it is still impossible to protect the drainage ditch from freezing damage. Therefore, it is often necessary to combine active heating to provide heat. However, electric heat tracing requires a large amount of electric energy, increasing the operating cost of the tunnel. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to at least overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a self-generating control system and method for a drainage pipe of a tunnel in a cold region.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a self-generating control system for a drainage pipe of a tunnel in a cold region, comprising:

[0006] a plurality of self-generating units configured along an axis of a central drainage ditch of the tunnel in the central drainage ditch of the tunnel;

[0007] a plurality of electric heat tracing bands segmented and configured along an axis of a longitudinal drainage pipe in the longitudinal drainage pipe; the longitudinal drainage pipe is connected to the central drainage ditch of the tunnel through a transverse drainage pipe;

[0008] a temperature sensor configured in the longitudinal drainage pipe;

[0009] a control mechanism configured in the tunnel;

[0010] the self-generating unit comprises:

[0011] a semi-butterfly valve configured on an upstream side of the self-generating unit, and when a valve flap of the semi-butterfly valve is closed, the valve flap blocks a lower half of a space of the central drainage ditch of the tunnel;

[0012] a micro hydroelectric power generation device configured on a downstream side of the self-power generation unit;

[0013] The control mechanism is further configured to:

[0014] establish a correspondence between the self-power generation unit, the temperature sensor, and the electric heat tracing band segment according to the tunnel mileage;

[0015] obtain elevation data of a plurality of self-power generation units and temperature data of temperature sensors corresponding to the self-power generation units;

[0016] control the operation of the corresponding electric heat tracing band segment according to the temperature data and the power generation capacity of the corresponding self-power generation unit, and control the opening or closing of the butterfly valve flap in the self-power generation unit according to the elevation data and the temperature data.

[0017] In the prior art, a traffic wind power generation and heating anti-freezing system for a tunnel drainage pipe in a cold region is disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 202111551623.4, which includes a plurality of groups of wind power generation devices, an intelligent active heating device, and a drainage device. The wind power generation device includes a wind power generation device protection shell, a central shaft, and a fan blade, a gear box, a generator, and a storage battery arranged in sequence from the opening to the bottom of the protection shell on the central shaft. The intelligent active heating device includes an electric heat tracing band, a temperature sensor, and a power distribution control box. The drainage device includes a central drainage ditch, a transverse drainage pipe, a longitudinal drainage pipe, and a ring-shaped drainage pipe. The invention recovers wind energy generated by traffic wind in a highway tunnel in a cold region and supplies it to the electric heat tracing band. In addition, the opening and closing of the electric heat tracing band are intelligently controlled by the temperature detection results of the temperature sensor to ensure the operation cost of the tunnel and prevent the occurrence of freezing damage in the tunnel in the cold region. Similarly, there are many tunnel drainage pipe heating technologies that use wind power generation. However, in practice, the inventors have found that although the traffic volume in a highway tunnel is large and the vehicle speed is fast, wind energy can be generated, but vehicle traffic in a highway tunnel has strong time and randomness, especially in winter, traffic control caused by traffic jams and icy roads, at which time wind energy cannot be generated in the tunnel, and the entire heating system will be paralyzed.

[0018] The inventors have found that there are many problems in supplying power to the electric heat tracing band through hydroelectric power generation, the main problem being that the water flow in the central drainage ditch also changes during the process of tunnel drainage. Rain and snow can cause the water flow to increase, and drought can cause the water flow to decrease. Sometimes, it is difficult to meet the demand of all electric heat tracing bands by relying solely on the power generation equipment in the central drainage ditch, and it is also difficult to perform good power distribution by relying solely on the storage battery for power storage.

[0019] In the implementation of the embodiments of the present application, the concept of self-power generation unit is innovatively proposed, each self-power generation unit is provided with a micro hydroelectric power generation device and a semi-butterfly valve, wherein the valve clack of the semi-butterfly valve can shield the lower half of the central drainage ditch to achieve water storage of the central drainage ditch; in actual use, if the water volume of the central drainage ditch is sufficient, after the semi-butterfly valve is closed and the water storage is full in the upstream direction of the semi-butterfly valve, the water flow will overflow the semi-butterfly valve to flush the impeller of the micro hydroelectric power generation device to complete power generation; if the water volume of the central drainage ditch is insufficient, the semi-butterfly valve can be opened to provide water flow for the micro hydroelectric power generation device to generate power.

[0020] According to the relevant specification requirements of the Railway Tunnel Design Specification (TB 10003) and the Railway Tunnel Waterproofing and Drainage Technical Specification (TB 10010), the tunnel central drainage ditch must have a designed slope, so there is a fixed water flow direction, so the upstream side in the embodiments of the present application refers to the direction of the water flow, and the downstream side refers to the direction of the water flow. Similarly, according to the requirements of the above-mentioned specifications, the water in the surrounding rock will converge to the circumferential drainage pipe and be discharged into the longitudinal drainage pipe, the longitudinal drainage pipe is generally at the arch foot of the tunnel, and it converges the water flow to the central drainage ditch through the transverse drainage pipe for discharge; therefore, in the embodiments of the present application, the electric heat tracing band is arranged on the longitudinal drainage pipe for heating to ensure that the longitudinal drainage pipe, the transverse drainage pipe and the central drainage ditch will not freeze; specifically, the electric heat tracing band can be arranged on the outer side of the pipe wall of the longitudinal drainage pipe; at the same time, a corresponding temperature sensor needs to be arranged on the longitudinal drainage pipe to facilitate corresponding control.

[0021] In the embodiments of the present application, the electric heat tracing band is segmented, that is, it is laid on the longitudinal drainage pipe by many electric heat tracing band segments, and the electric heat tracing band segments are laid along the axis of the longitudinal drainage pipe; specifically, the electric heat tracing band segments laid on the left and right longitudinal drainage pipes are laid in the same way, that is, the electric heat tracing band segments are arranged in pairs on the left and right longitudinal drainage pipes, and each pair of electric heat tracing band segments is powered by the same self-power generation unit, and in the most ideal case, each self-power generation unit only powers a pair of electric heat tracing band segments.

[0022] In the embodiments of the present application, the control mechanism can adopt commonly used industrial computers and the like, which can be arranged in the holes reserved in the tunnel arch wall, wherein the corresponding relationship of the self-power generation unit, the temperature sensor and the electric heat tracing band segment can be realized by configuring a corresponding table, and when the corresponding relationship needs to be used, only the corresponding table needs to be searched. Specifically, in the embodiments of the present application, each self-power generation unit corresponds to a pair of electric heat tracing band segments and a temperature sensor, and the corresponding self-power generation unit, temperature sensor and electric heat tracing band segment should be located at the same mileage, and the same mileage here refers to a mileage difference of not more than 1 m.

[0023] In the embodiments of the present application, the control mechanism can control the power of the electric heat tracing band segment through temperature data, which belongs to the prior art and will not be described here. Meanwhile, the control mechanism can control the power supply source of the electric heat tracing band segment corresponding to the self-generating unit according to the power generation of the self-generating unit. For example, when the power generation of the corresponding self-generating unit is insufficient, the power can be supplemented by other self-generating units or storage batteries. When the power generation of the corresponding self-generating unit is sufficient, the excess power can be provided to other electric heat tracing band segments or storage batteries. The inventor found in practice that due to the existence of the central drainage ditch slope, the elevation of each self-generating unit is different, which will cause the water potential energy of the self-generating unit at a high position to be released layer by layer to the downstream self-generating units when the butterfly valve is opened, which will affect the power distribution of the downstream self-generating units. Therefore, the butterfly valve in the self-generating unit can be controlled according to the elevation data. When the embodiments of the present application are implemented, the utilization of water flow in the central drainage ditch of the tunnel solves the problem that wind power generation cannot continuously heat the tunnel drainage pipe in the prior art, and through planning and control of the related power generation equipment in the central drainage ditch, the utilization rate of water potential energy in the central drainage ditch is effectively improved, which can be applied to frozen tunnel in various climate environments and has strong applicability.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the control mechanism is further configured to:

[0025] The self-generating unit, the temperature sensor and the electric heat tracing band segment with a tunnel mileage difference within a preset range are taken as the self-generating unit, the temperature sensor and the electric heat tracing band segment corresponding to each other.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the control mechanism is further configured to:

[0027] The storage battery is configured in the tunnel.

[0028] The self-generating unit comprises:

[0029] The power distribution unit is configured to distribute the power generated by the micro hydroelectric power generation equipment to the storage battery and the electric heat tracing band segment corresponding to the self-generating unit.

[0030] The control mechanism is further configured to:

[0031] According to the temperature data, the required power of each electric heat tracing band segment is calculated as a first power, and according to the first power, the power distribution unit distributes a part of a second power meeting the first power to the corresponding electric heat tracing band segment and a third power to the storage battery; the second power is the power generation of the self-generating unit corresponding to the electric heat tracing band segment; and the third power is the power of the second power excluding the first power.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the control mechanism is further configured to:

[0033] When the second electric quantity cannot meet the demand of the first electric quantity, the part of the first electric quantity that is short is supplemented by the battery;

[0034] When the output electric quantity of the battery reaches a certain degree, the self-generating unit is controlled to open the semi-butterfly valve.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the control mechanism is further configured to:

[0036] The water potential energy stored by the self-generating unit is calculated according to the pipe diameter of the tunnel center drainage ditch, the size of the semi-butterfly valve disc, and the elevation data, and the water potential energy coefficient of each self-generating unit to each self-generating unit downstream of the self-generating unit is calculated according to the elevation data; the water potential energy coefficient is the proportion of water potential energy that can be received by the self-generating unit downstream of the self-generating unit when the semi-butterfly valve disc of the self-generating unit is opened;

[0037] When any self-generating unit opens the semi-butterfly valve disc, the second electric quantity of the self-generating unit and the self-generating unit downstream of the self-generating unit is corrected according to the water potential energy stored by the self-generating unit and the water potential energy coefficient.

[0038] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a self-generating control method for a tunnel drainage pipe in a cold region, comprising:

[0039] A correspondence between the self-generating unit, the temperature sensor, and the electric heat tracing cable segment is established according to the tunnel mileage;

[0040] Elevation data of a plurality of self-generating units is obtained, and temperature data of a temperature sensor corresponding to the self-generating unit is obtained;

[0041] According to the temperature data and the power generation of the corresponding self-generating unit, the corresponding electric heat tracing cable segment is controlled to work, and according to the elevation data and the temperature data, the semi-butterfly valve disc in the self-generating unit is controlled to open or close.

[0042] In a possible implementation, establishing the correspondence between the self-generating unit, the temperature sensor, and the electric heat tracing cable segment according to the tunnel mileage comprises:

[0043] The self-generating unit, the temperature sensor, and the electric heat tracing cable segment having a tunnel mileage difference within a preset range are taken as the self-generating unit, the temperature sensor, and the electric heat tracing cable segment corresponding to each other.

[0044] In a possible implementation, the method further comprises:

[0045] A battery is configured in the tunnel;

[0046] The self-generating unit includes:

[0047] The power distribution unit is configured to distribute the power generated by the micro hydropower generation device to the storage battery and the corresponding electric heating cable segment of the self-generating unit;

[0048] Controlling the segmented operation of the electric heating tape based on the temperature data and the corresponding power generation of the self-generating unit includes:

[0049] The required power for each section of the electric heating cable is calculated based on the temperature data as the first power quantity. Based on the first power quantity, the power distribution unit is controlled to allocate the portion of the second power quantity that matches the first power quantity to the corresponding electric heating cable section, and the third power quantity is allocated to the battery. The second power quantity is the power generated by the self-generating unit of the corresponding electric heating cable section. The third power quantity is the power quantity obtained by subtracting the first power quantity from the second power quantity.

[0050] In one possible implementation, controlling the opening or closing of the half-butterfly valve disc in the self-generating unit based on the elevation data and the temperature data includes:

[0051] When the second power supply is insufficient to meet the demand of the first power supply, the missing portion of the first power supply is supplemented by the storage battery;

[0052] When the output power of the battery reaches a certain level, the self-generating unit is controlled to open the half-butterfly valve.

[0053] In one possible implementation, controlling the opening or closing of the half-butterfly valve disc in the self-generating unit based on the elevation data and the temperature data further includes:

[0054] The water potential energy stored in the self-generating unit is calculated based on the pipe diameter of the central drainage ditch of the tunnel, the size of the half-butterfly valve disc, and the elevation data. The water potential energy coefficient of each self-generating unit to each self-generating unit downstream of each self-generating unit is calculated based on the elevation data. The water potential energy coefficient is the proportion of water potential energy that the self-generating unit downstream of the self-generating unit can receive when the half-butterfly valve disc of the self-generating unit is opened.

[0055] When any self-generating unit opens the half-butterfly valve, the second electrical quantity of the self-generating unit and the downstream self-generating unit is corrected according to the water potential energy stored in the self-generating unit and the water potential energy coefficient.

[0056] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0057] This invention relates to a self-generating power control system and method for drainage pipes in cold-region tunnels. By utilizing the water flow in the central drainage ditch of the tunnel, it solves the problem in existing technologies where wind power generation cannot continuously supply heating to the tunnel drainage pipes. Furthermore, by planning and controlling the relevant power generation equipment in the central drainage ditch, it effectively improves the utilization rate of the water potential energy in the central drainage ditch. It can be applied to frost-damaged tunnels in various climatic environments and has strong applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0058] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0059] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage structure of the tunnel according to an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal drainage pipe according to an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a micro hydroelectric power generation device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a micro hydroelectric power generation device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the method steps in an embodiment of this application.

[0064] Schematic diagram of tunnel drainage structure

[0065] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:

[0066] 1-Central drainage ditch, 2-Horizontal drainage pipe, 3-Longitudinal drainage pipe, 4-Circular drainage pipe, 5-Cable trough, 6-Polyurethane insulation layer, 7-Concrete base, 8-Vitrified microsphere insulation mortar, 9-Waterproof membrane, 10-Initial support, 11-Secondary lining, 301-Polyurethane insulation coating, 302-Temperature sensor, 303-Electric heating tape segment, 101-Wire trough, 1021-Drive structure, 1022-Drive fan blade, 1023-Central shaft, 1024-Generator, 1025-Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0067] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flowcharts used in this application illustrate operations implemented according to some embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the operations in the flowcharts may not be implemented in sequence, and steps without logical contextual relationships may be reversed or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art, guided by the content of this application, may add one or more other operations to the flowcharts, or remove one or more operations from the flowcharts.

[0068] Furthermore, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated herein can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0069] For a clearer explanation of the self-generated power control system for drainage pipes in cold-region tunnels, please refer to the following references. Figures 1-4 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the self-generating power control system for drainage pipes in cold-region tunnels, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. The self-generating power control system for drainage pipes in cold-region tunnels includes:

[0070] Multiple self-generating units are arranged along the axis of the central drainage ditch 1 of the tunnel.

[0071] Multiple electric heating cable segments 303 are arranged in sections along the longitudinal drainage pipe 3; the longitudinal drainage pipe 3 is connected to the central drainage ditch 1 of the tunnel through the transverse drainage pipe 2.

[0072] Temperature sensor 302 is disposed in the longitudinal drain pipe 3;

[0073] A control mechanism is configured within the tunnel;

[0074] The self-generating unit includes:

[0075] A half-butterfly valve is configured on the upstream side of the self-generating unit, and when the valve disc of the half-butterfly valve is closed, the valve disc blocks the lower half of the space of the central drainage ditch 1 of the tunnel.

[0076] A micro hydroelectric power generation device is configured downstream of the self-generating unit;

[0077] The control mechanism is also configured to:

[0078] Establish the correspondence between the self-generating unit, temperature sensor 302, and electric heating cable segment 303 based on the tunnel mileage;

[0079] Elevation data of multiple self-generating units are acquired, and temperature data of the temperature sensor 302 corresponding to the self-generating unit is acquired;

[0080] The corresponding electric heating cable segment 303 is controlled to operate based on the temperature data and the corresponding power generation of the self-generating unit, and the half-butterfly valve in the self-generating unit is controlled to open or close based on the elevation data and the temperature data.

[0081] The inventors discovered that there are also many problems with powering electric heating cables by hydropower generation. The main problem is that the water flow in the central drainage ditch changes during the tunnel drainage process. Rain and snow will increase the water flow, while drought will decrease it. Sometimes, relying solely on the power generation equipment in the central drainage ditch is insufficient to meet the needs of all electric heating cables, and relying solely on batteries for power storage is also insufficient for effective power distribution.

[0082] In the implementation of this application embodiment, the concept of a self-generating unit is innovatively proposed. Each self-generating unit is equipped with a micro hydroelectric power generation device and a half-butterfly valve. The valve disc of the half-butterfly valve can block the lower half of the central drainage ditch to achieve water storage in the central drainage ditch. In actual use, if the water volume in the central drainage ditch is sufficient, after closing the half-butterfly valve, the water will overflow the half-butterfly valve and scour the impeller of the micro hydroelectric power generation device to generate electricity after the water is full upstream of the half-butterfly valve. If the water volume in the central drainage ditch is insufficient, the half-butterfly valve can be opened to provide water flow for the micro hydroelectric power generation device to generate electricity.

[0083] According to the relevant requirements of the "Railway Tunnel Design Code" (TB 10003) and the "Railway Tunnel Drainage and Waterproofing Technical Code" (TB 10010), the central drainage ditch of the tunnel must have a design slope, and therefore a fixed water flow direction. Thus, in this embodiment, the upstream side refers to the direction of water flow, and the downstream side refers to the direction of water flow. Similarly, according to the above-mentioned specifications, water accumulated in the surrounding rock will converge into the circumferential drainage pipe and flow into the longitudinal drainage pipe. The longitudinal drainage pipe is generally located at the tunnel arch foot, and it converges the water flow into the central drainage ditch through the transverse drainage pipe for discharge. Therefore, in this embodiment, installing an electric heating tape on the longitudinal drainage pipe can ensure that the longitudinal drainage pipe, transverse drainage pipe, and central drainage ditch will not freeze. Specifically, the electric heating tape can be installed on the outer wall of the longitudinal drainage pipe. Simultaneously, a corresponding temperature sensor needs to be installed on the longitudinal drainage pipe for convenient control.

[0084] In this embodiment, the electric heating tape is configured in segments, that is, it is laid on the longitudinal drainage pipe by multiple electric heating tape segments, all of which are laid along the axis of the longitudinal drainage pipe. Specifically, the electric heating tape segments laid on the longitudinal drainage pipes on both the left and right sides are laid in the same way, that is, the electric heating tape segments are laid in pairs on the longitudinal drainage pipes on both the left and right sides, and each pair of electric heating tape segments is powered by the same self-generating unit. In the most ideal case, each self-generating unit only powers one pair of electric heating tape segments.

[0085] In this embodiment, the control mechanism can be a commonly used industrial computer or similar device, which can be installed in a pre-reserved hole in the tunnel arch wall. The correspondence between the self-generating unit, temperature sensor, and electric heating cable segments can be implemented by configuring a correspondence table. When the correspondence needs to be used, it is only necessary to traverse and search the table. Specifically, in this embodiment, each self-generating unit corresponds to a pair of electric heating cable segments and a temperature sensor. The corresponding self-generating unit, temperature sensor, and electric heating cable segments should be located at the same mileage, where the mileage difference does not exceed 1 meter.

[0086] In this embodiment, the control mechanism can control the power of the electric heating cable segments based on temperature data, which is prior art and will not be elaborated further. Simultaneously, the control mechanism can control the power source of the electric heating cable segments based on the power generation of the corresponding self-generating units. For example, when the power generation of a corresponding self-generating unit is insufficient, it can be supplemented by other self-generating units or batteries; conversely, when the power generation of a corresponding self-generating unit is sufficient, excess power can be provided to other electric heating cable segments or batteries. The inventors discovered in practice that due to the slope of the central drainage ditch, the elevation of each level of self-generating unit is different. This causes the water potential energy to be released layer by layer to the downstream self-generating units when the half-butterfly valve of the self-generating unit at a higher elevation opens, thus affecting the power distribution of the entire downstream self-generating unit. Therefore, the half-butterfly valves in the self-generating units can be controlled accordingly based on elevation data. In the implementation of this application embodiment, by utilizing the water flow in the central drainage ditch of the tunnel, the problem that wind power generation cannot continuously supply heating to the tunnel drainage pipe in the prior art is solved. Furthermore, by planning and controlling the relevant power generation equipment in the central drainage ditch, the utilization rate of the water potential energy in the central drainage ditch is effectively improved. It can be applied to frost-damaged tunnels in various climatic environments and has strong applicability.

[0087] In one possible implementation, the control mechanism is further configured as follows:

[0088] The self-generating unit, the temperature sensor 302, and the electric heating cable segment 303 with tunnel mileage differences within a preset range are considered as corresponding self-generating units, temperature sensors 302, and electric heating cable segments 303.

[0089] One possible implementation also includes:

[0090] The batteries are installed in the tunnel;

[0091] The self-generating unit includes:

[0092] The power distribution unit is configured to distribute the power generated by the micro hydropower generation device to the storage battery and the corresponding electric heating cable segment 303 of the self-generating unit;

[0093] The control mechanism is also configured to:

[0094] The required power for each electric heating cable segment 303 is calculated based on the temperature data as the first power quantity. Based on the first power quantity, the power distribution unit is controlled to allocate the portion of the second power quantity that matches the first power quantity to the corresponding electric heating cable segment 303, and the third power quantity is allocated to the battery. The second power quantity is the power generation of the self-generating unit corresponding to the electric heating cable segment 303. The third power quantity is the power quantity of the second power quantity minus the first power quantity.

[0095] In the implementation of this application embodiment, the storage battery generally needs to be installed in the cable trough or tunnel sidewall of the tunnel. The power distribution unit needs to be controlled by the control mechanism to distribute the power generated by the micro hydropower generation equipment to the storage battery and / or the electric heating cable section. The main distribution method is generally to use the power metering redistribution method. This application embodiment will not be repeated here. In this application embodiment, the main purpose is to store energy in the storage battery and compare the power generated by the self-generating unit with the power required by the electric heating cable section.

[0096] In one possible implementation, the control mechanism is further configured as follows:

[0097] When the second power supply is insufficient to meet the demand of the first power supply, the missing portion of the first power supply is supplemented by the storage battery;

[0098] When the output power of the battery reaches a certain level, the self-generating unit is controlled to open the half-butterfly valve.

[0099] In the implementation of this application embodiment, the power control of the storage battery and the self-generating unit is a dynamic control process. The control mechanism needs to determine whether the storage battery needs to supply power based on the situation of each self-generating unit. It should be understood that for the power supply of the storage battery, a charging and discharging management system is generally configured. That is, if other self-generating units have surplus power to charge the storage battery, and there is a self-generating unit that needs to supply power, the charging and discharging management system will directly distribute this part of the power to the corresponding electric heating cable section without going through the storage battery. In this application embodiment, it should also be regarded as supplementing the missing part of the first power through the storage battery. Since the power generation of each self-generating unit is generally correlated to a certain extent, if the power compensation of the storage battery for a certain self-generating unit reaches a certain level, it often indicates that the entire power supply system may face the risk of power loss. At this time, it is necessary to open the half butterfly valve of the self-generating unit to supplement the power.

[0100] Specifically, the control mechanism for the half-butterfly valve generally needs to be based on the degree of deficiency in the first power quantity corresponding to the self-generating unit. The opening and closing angle of the half-butterfly valve can be set; the smaller the opening and closing angle, the slower the stored water flows out. Therefore, in the example, the control mechanism can control the opening and closing angle of the half-butterfly valve according to the degree of power deficiency of the self-generating unit, that is, the degree of deficiency in the first power quantity. Generally, the opening and closing angle is controlled by a theoretically calculated control function. The independent variable of the control function is the degree of power deficiency, which is generally a percentage, specifically the ratio of the power deficiency to the first power quantity, and the power deficiency is the difference between the first power quantity and the second power quantity. The dependent variable of the control function is the opening and closing angle of the half-butterfly valve. This control function can be generated by fitting the opening and closing angle of the half-butterfly valve to the increase in the corresponding second power quantity.

[0101] In one possible implementation, the control mechanism is further configured as follows:

[0102] The water potential energy stored in the self-generating unit is calculated based on the pipe diameter of the central drainage ditch 1 of the tunnel, the size of the half-butterfly valve disc, and the elevation data. The water potential energy coefficient of each self-generating unit to each self-generating unit downstream of each self-generating unit is calculated based on the elevation data. The water potential energy coefficient is the proportion of water potential energy that the self-generating unit downstream of the self-generating unit can receive when the self-generating unit opens the half-butterfly valve disc.

[0103] When any self-generating unit opens the half-butterfly valve, the second electrical quantity of the self-generating unit and the downstream self-generating unit is corrected according to the water potential energy stored in the self-generating unit and the water potential energy coefficient.

[0104] In the implementation of this application embodiment, the calculated water potential energy and water potential energy coefficient are generally stored as preset data in the control mechanism. The water potential energy can generally be calculated using the outlet of the central drainage ditch in the tunnel as the zero potential energy point. The water potential energy coefficient is calculated by first calculating the head loss between the two self-generating units, and then calculating the superposition of water potential energy caused by the elevation difference. In specific implementation, the water potential energy and water potential energy coefficient can be stored as a table in the control mechanism. The opening of the half-butterfly valve of the self-generating unit serves as a trigger condition, allowing the control mechanism to pre-correct and pre-control the power generation of the corresponding self-generating unit, thereby improving the response speed of the entire power supply system.

[0105] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, when multiple self-generating units need to open half-butterfly valves, the control mechanism needs to sort these units according to their elevation, calculate the opening angle of the half-butterfly valve starting from the highest unit, and recalculate for each unit from top to bottom to determine the opening angle of the half-butterfly valve. The main reason for this approach in this embodiment is that the diameter of the central drainage ditch in the tunnel is generally around 400mm, and its water storage capacity is relatively limited. Each opening of the half-butterfly valve requires careful calculation. This method maximizes the utilization of the water flow in the central drainage ditch, saving electricity.

[0106] For a full explanation of the above technical solutions, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The diagram shows a schematic of the tunnel's drainage structure. The central drainage ditch 3 is designed with a certain slope to allow water collected in the central drainage ditch 3 by the circumferential drainage pipe 4, longitudinal drainage pipe 3, and transverse drainage pipe 2 to be discharged outside the tunnel. Please refer to... Figure 2 The diagram shows the layout of the longitudinal drainage pipes. An active heating and drainage structure is installed in the longitudinal drainage pipe 3 between the initial support 10 and the secondary lining 11 at the tunnel corner. This structure includes a polyurethane insulation coating 301, a temperature sensor 302, electric heating cable sections 303, a concrete base 7, and vitrified microsphere insulation mortar 8. The electric heating cable sections 303 are installed in the longitudinal drainage pipes 3 at both tunnel entrances, and their total length matches the insulation layer length specified in the design drawings. Please refer to... Figure 3 and Figure 4 The diagram shows a schematic of the structure of the micro hydropower generation device in the self-generating unit of this application embodiment. The micro hydropower generation device includes a drive structure 1021 connected by a central shaft 1023, a drive fan blade 1022, and a generator 1024. It is also connected to a wiring trough 101 by a connecting rod 1025. The wiring trough 101 is prefabricated on the top of the central drainage ditch to transmit power, which is then uniformly sent to the cable trough 5 for distribution.

[0107] Based on the above, please refer to the following: Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the self-generating power control method for drainage pipes in cold regions provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The self-generating power control method for drainage pipes in cold regions can be applied to the aforementioned self-generating power control system for drainage pipes in cold regions. Furthermore, the self-generating power control method for drainage pipes in cold regions may specifically include the contents described in steps S1-S3.

[0108] S1: Establish the correspondence between the self-generating unit, temperature sensor 302, and electric heating cable segment 303 based on the tunnel mileage;

[0109] S2: Obtain elevation data of multiple self-generating units and temperature data of the temperature sensor 302 corresponding to the self-generating unit;

[0110] S3: Control the operation of the corresponding electric heating cable segment 303 according to the temperature data and the corresponding power generation of the self-generating unit, and control the opening or closing of the half-butterfly valve in the self-generating unit according to the elevation data and the temperature data.

[0111] In one possible implementation, establishing the correspondence between the self-generating unit, temperature sensor 302, and electric heating cable segment 303 based on the tunnel mileage includes:

[0112] The self-generating unit, the temperature sensor 302, and the electric heating cable segment 303 with tunnel mileage differences within a preset range are considered as corresponding self-generating units, temperature sensors 302, and electric heating cable segments 303.

[0113] One possible implementation also includes:

[0114] The batteries are installed in the tunnel;

[0115] The self-generating unit includes:

[0116] The power distribution unit is configured to distribute the power generated by the micro hydropower generation device to the storage battery and the corresponding electric heating cable segment 303 of the self-generating unit;

[0117] Controlling the operation of the corresponding electric heating cable segment 303 based on the temperature data and the corresponding power generation of the self-generating unit includes:

[0118] The required power for each electric heating cable segment 303 is calculated based on the temperature data as the first power quantity. Based on the first power quantity, the power distribution unit is controlled to allocate the portion of the second power quantity that matches the first power quantity to the corresponding electric heating cable segment 303, and the third power quantity is allocated to the battery. The second power quantity is the power generation of the self-generating unit corresponding to the electric heating cable segment 303. The third power quantity is the power quantity of the second power quantity minus the first power quantity.

[0119] In one possible implementation, controlling the opening or closing of the half-butterfly valve disc in the self-generating unit based on the elevation data and the temperature data includes:

[0120] When the second power supply is insufficient to meet the demand of the first power supply, the missing portion of the first power supply is supplemented by the storage battery;

[0121] When the output power of the battery reaches a certain level, the self-generating unit is controlled to open the half-butterfly valve.

[0122] In one possible implementation, controlling the opening or closing of the half-butterfly valve disc in the self-generating unit based on the elevation data and the temperature data further includes:

[0123] The water potential energy stored in the self-generating unit is calculated based on the pipe diameter of the central drainage ditch 1 of the tunnel, the size of the half-butterfly valve disc, and the elevation data. The water potential energy coefficient of each self-generating unit to each self-generating unit downstream of each self-generating unit is calculated based on the elevation data. The water potential energy coefficient is the proportion of water potential energy that the self-generating unit downstream of the self-generating unit can receive when the self-generating unit opens the half-butterfly valve disc.

[0124] When any self-generating unit opens the half-butterfly valve, the second electrical quantity of the self-generating unit and the downstream self-generating unit is corrected according to the water potential energy stored in the self-generating unit and the water potential energy coefficient.

[0125] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0126] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, or may be electrical, mechanical or other forms of connection.

[0127] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0128] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0129] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or grid device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0130] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-generating control system for drainage pipes in cold-region tunnels, characterized in that, include: Multiple self-generating units are arranged along the axis of the central drainage ditch (1) of the tunnel. Multiple electric heating cable segments (303) are arranged in sections along the longitudinal drainage pipe (3) axis; the longitudinal drainage pipe (3) is connected to the central drainage ditch (1) of the tunnel through the transverse drainage pipe (2); Temperature sensor (302) is disposed in the longitudinal drain pipe (3); A control mechanism is configured within the tunnel; The self-generating unit includes: A half-butterfly valve is configured on the upstream side of the self-generating unit, and when the valve disc of the half-butterfly valve is closed, the valve disc blocks the lower half of the space of the central drainage ditch (1) of the tunnel. A micro hydroelectric power generation device is configured downstream of the self-generating unit; The control mechanism is also configured to: The correspondence between the self-generating unit, temperature sensor (302), and electric heating cable segment (303) is established based on the tunnel mileage; Elevation data of multiple self-generating units are acquired, and temperature data of the temperature sensor (302) corresponding to the self-generating unit is acquired; The corresponding electric heating cable segment (303) is controlled to work according to the temperature data and the corresponding power generation of the self-generating unit, and the half-butterfly valve in the self-generating unit is controlled to open or close according to the elevation data and the temperature data. Also includes: The batteries are installed in the tunnel; The self-generating unit includes: The power distribution unit is configured to distribute the power generated by the micro hydropower generation device to the battery and the corresponding electric heating cable section (303) of the self-generating unit. The control mechanism is also configured to: The required power for each electric heating cable segment (303) is calculated based on the temperature data as the first power quantity, and the power distribution unit is controlled to allocate the portion of the second power quantity that matches the first power quantity to the corresponding electric heating cable segment (303) based on the first power quantity, and allocate the third power quantity to the battery; the second power quantity is the power generation of the self-generating unit corresponding to the electric heating cable segment (303); the third power quantity is the power quantity of the second power quantity minus the first power quantity; The control mechanism is also configured to: When the second power supply is insufficient to meet the demand of the first power supply, the missing portion of the first power supply is supplemented by the storage battery; When the output power of the battery reaches a certain level, the self-generating unit is controlled to open the half-butterfly valve.

2. The self-generating power control system for drainage pipes in cold-region tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control mechanism is also configured to: The self-generating unit, the temperature sensor (302), and the electric heating cable segment (303) with tunnel mileage differences within a preset range are used as corresponding self-generating units, temperature sensors (302), and electric heating cable segments (303).

3. The self-generating power control system for drainage pipes in cold-region tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control mechanism is also configured to: The water potential energy stored in the self-generating unit is calculated based on the pipe diameter of the central drainage ditch (1) of the tunnel, the size of the half-butterfly valve, and the elevation data. The water potential energy coefficient of each self-generating unit to each self-generating unit downstream of each self-generating unit is calculated based on the elevation data. The water potential energy coefficient is the proportion of water potential energy that the self-generating unit downstream of the self-generating unit can receive when the self-generating unit opens the half-butterfly valve. When any self-generating unit opens the half-butterfly valve, the second electrical quantity of the self-generating unit and the downstream self-generating unit is corrected according to the water potential energy stored in the self-generating unit and the water potential energy coefficient.

4. A self-generating power control method for drainage pipes in cold-region tunnels based on the control system described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, include: The correspondence between the self-generating unit, temperature sensor (302), and electric heating cable segment (303) is established based on the tunnel mileage; Elevation data of multiple self-generating units are acquired, and temperature data of the temperature sensor (302) corresponding to the self-generating unit is acquired; The corresponding electric heating cable segment (303) is controlled to work according to the temperature data and the corresponding power generation of the self-generating unit, and the half-butterfly valve in the self-generating unit is controlled to open or close according to the elevation data and the temperature data.

5. The self-generated power generation control method for drainage pipes in cold-region tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, The correspondence between the self-generating unit, temperature sensor (302), and electric heating cable segment (303) established based on the tunnel mileage includes: The self-generating unit, the temperature sensor (302), and the electric heating cable segment (303) with tunnel mileage differences within a preset range are used as corresponding self-generating units, temperature sensors (302), and electric heating cable segments (303).

6. The self-generated power generation control method for drainage pipes in cold-region tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The batteries are installed in the tunnel; The self-generating unit includes: The power distribution unit is configured to distribute the power generated by the micro hydropower generation device to the battery and the corresponding electric heating cable section (303) of the self-generating unit. The operation of the corresponding electric heating cable segment (303) controlled according to the temperature data and the corresponding power generation of the self-generating unit includes: The required power for each electric heating cable segment (303) is calculated based on the temperature data as the first power, and the power distribution unit is controlled to allocate the portion of the second power that matches the first power to the corresponding electric heating cable segment (303) based on the first power, and the third power is allocated to the battery; the second power is the power generated by the self-generating unit of the corresponding electric heating cable segment (303); the third power is the power of the second power minus the first power.

7. The self-generated power generation control method for drainage pipes in cold-region tunnels according to claim 6, characterized in that, Controlling the opening or closing of the semi-butterfly valve in the self-generating unit based on the elevation data and the temperature data includes: When the second power supply is insufficient to meet the demand of the first power supply, the missing portion of the first power supply is supplemented by the storage battery; When the output power of the battery reaches a certain level, the self-generating unit is controlled to open the half-butterfly valve.

8. The self-generated power generation control method for drainage pipes in cold-region tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that, Controlling the opening or closing of the semi-butterfly valve disc in the self-generating unit based on the elevation data and the temperature data also includes: The water potential energy stored in the self-generating unit is calculated based on the pipe diameter of the central drainage ditch (1) of the tunnel, the size of the half-butterfly valve, and the elevation data. The water potential energy coefficient of each self-generating unit to each self-generating unit downstream of each self-generating unit is calculated based on the elevation data. The water potential energy coefficient is the proportion of water potential energy that the self-generating unit downstream of the self-generating unit can receive when the self-generating unit opens the half-butterfly valve. When any self-generating unit opens the half-butterfly valve, the second electrical quantity of the self-generating unit and the downstream self-generating unit is corrected according to the water potential energy stored in the self-generating unit and the water potential energy coefficient.

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