A high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid density real-time online testing device and method

Abstract

The application provides a high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid density real-time online testing device and method, which comprises four parts of a pressurization and temperature increase system, a gas invasion simulation system, a drilling fluid density testing system and a data monitoring system, the pressurization and temperature increase system realizes simulation of a mixed fluid invasion process, the gas invasion simulation system realizes simulation of a hydrocarbon mixed gas invasion process, the drilling fluid density testing system realizes real-time online testing of drilling fluid density under high-temperature and high-pressure, liquid invasion and gas invasion conditions, and the data monitoring system mainly realizes temperature and pressure monitoring in the gas invasion and liquid invasion processes, drilling fluid density testing, data recording and curve drawing. The high-temperature and high-pressure environment of a wellbore can be finely simulated, the drilling fluid density change law under high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions, formation fluid invasion and H2S / CO2 / CH4 hydrocarbon gas invasion can be tested in real time, and the application provides an experimental device and a reliable evaluation method for drilling fluid density real-time online testing in the drilling process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to a high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid density real-time online testing device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] CN201921445182 A drilling fluid density testing device under high temperature and high pressure conditions, characterized by comprising a heating and stirring system, a vacuum suction system and a PVT testing system, wherein the heating and stirring system comprises a stirring tank, a heater and a stirrer; the vacuum suction system comprises a vacuum pump, a liquid collecting tank, a vacuum pressure sensor, a negative pressure liquid suction valve and a vacuum valve; the PVT testing system comprises a PVT testing kettle body, a displacement sensor and a constant pressure pump, the heater and the constant pressure pump simulate the actual working condition of the drilling fluid under high temperature and high pressure, and the piston in the PVT testing kettle body and the displacement sensor can monitor the density change of the drilling fluid in real time and online, and the change rule of the drilling fluid density with temperature and pressure is obtained.

[0003] CN200520036228 High-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid density measuring device, characterized in that the piston assembly is placed in the kettle body, the piston rod top is provided with a piston top cap, a limiting device and a micrometer, the kettle body upper cover is provided with an overflow pressure regulating valve and an inlet pressure valve, and the kettle body lower cover is provided with a liquid discharge valve. The kettle body is placed in an oil bath temperature box, which can simulate the high temperature and high pressure state of the well, measure the density of various drilling fluids under different temperature and pressure conditions, and evaluate the influence of different temperature and liquid column pressure on the density of drilling fluid.

[0004] CN202011526546 High-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid viscosity measuring device and measuring method, mainly related to drilling fluid viscosity, CN201420676061 Experimental device for evaluating the lubricating performance of high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid, mainly related to drilling fluid lubricating performance, CN201420675399 High-temperature and high-pressure dynamic drilling fluid filtration experiment device, mainly related to drilling fluid filtration, CN202120982024 Drilling fluid high-temperature and high-pressure filtration instrument safety experiment cup, mainly related to drilling fluid filtration amount, CN201220538166 Measuring device for drilling fluid physical property parameters under high temperature and high pressure, mainly related to drilling fluid density and thermal conductivity, CN202121124225 A high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid starting torque and sedimentation stability evaluation device, mainly related to drilling fluid sedimentation stability.

[0005] In summary, drilling fluid performance parameters are extremely important for safe and efficient drilling of oil and gas wells and have strong engineering needs. However, the current testing device and method cannot meet the requirements of real-time online testing of drilling fluid density when drilling complex reservoirs with high temperature and high pressure in ultra-deep and super-deep wells, and when facing the invasion of formation water and H2S / CO2 / CH4 hydrocarbon gases, which restricts the innovative development of drilling fluid system design and wellbore fine pressure control and safe and efficient drilling technology in deep and ultra-deep wells.

[0006] The existing conventional drilling fluid density testing device has the following disadvantages:

[0007] 1. Solve the problem of drilling fluid density testing device demand on site when drilling in high temperature and high pressure wellbore, formation water invasion, H2S / CO2 / CH4 hydrocarbon gas invasion, etc.

[0008] 2. Solve the problem that the drilling fluid density test does not match the wellbore conditions, and cannot test the change of drilling fluid density in real time and online under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure in wellbore, formation water invasion, H2S / CO2 / CH4 hydrocarbon gas invasion, etc.

[0009] 3. Overcome the disadvantages of current testing method and device structure design, which do not consider the influence of formation water invasion, H2S / CO2 / CH4 hydrocarbon gas invasion on drilling fluid density. SUMMARY

[0010] During the drilling process of oil and gas wells, drilling fluid is subjected to high temperature and high pressure, formation water invasion, H2S / CO2 / CH4 hydrocarbon gas invasion and other working conditions. The drilling fluid density is prone to change, which may lead to improper control of wellbore fluid column pressure and pose a safety risk. The present application establishes a real-time online testing device for drilling fluid density under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and forms a testing method for evaluating the change of drilling fluid density under high temperature and high pressure conditions using the device. The purpose is to simulate the high temperature and high pressure environment of the wellbore in real time and online, test the change of drilling fluid density when the wellbore is subjected to high temperature and high pressure, formation water invasion, H2S / CO2 / CH4 hydrocarbon gas invasion, and provide technical support for drilling fluid density testing and system optimization design.

[0011] Problems to be solved by the present application:

[0012] 1. Provide a device that can simulate and test drilling fluid density in real time and online when the wellbore is subjected to high temperature and high pressure, formation water invasion, H2S-CO2 gas invasion, etc.

[0013] 2. Simulate and test the density of drilling fluid under the conditions of room temperature to 350℃, normal pressure to 150MPa, formation water invasion, H2S / CO2 / CH4 hydrocarbon gas invasion in wellbore;

[0014] 3. Real-time online simulation test of the process of formation water invasion, H2S / CO2 / CH4 and other hydrocarbon gas invasion into drilling fluid.

[0015] Specific technical solutions:

[0016] A high temperature and high pressure drilling fluid density real-time online testing device, comprising a pressurization and heating system, a gas invasion simulation system, a drilling fluid density testing system, and a data monitoring system;

[0017] The pressurization and heating system comprises a liquid storage tank, a material storage tank, a liquid and material pressurization pump, an electric heater, a high temperature and high pressure reactor, and a waste gas and waste liquid recovery tank. The liquid storage tank and the material storage tank are connected in parallel, and then connected to the electric heater and the high temperature and high pressure reactor in sequence through the liquid and material pressurization pump. The high temperature and high pressure reactor is also connected to the waste gas and waste liquid recovery tank. The mixed fluid is pressurized and heated to the required experimental conditions, and then injected into the drilling fluid density testing system;

[0018] The gas invasion simulation system comprises an H2S gas cylinder, a CO2 gas cylinder, a CH4 gas cylinder, other hydrocarbon gas cylinders, a gas pressurization pump, and a mixed gas storage tank. The H2S gas cylinder, the CO2 gas cylinder, the CH4 gas cylinder, and the other hydrocarbon gas cylinders are connected in parallel, and then connected to the mixed gas storage tank through the gas pressurization pump. The mixed gas is pressurized to the required experimental conditions, and then injected into the drilling fluid density testing system;

[0019] The drilling fluid density testing system comprises a magnetic motor, a stirring paddle, a high temperature and high pressure densimeter, a gas invasion inlet, an electromagnetic pressure relief valve, a heating jacket, a thermal insulation layer, a liquid invasion inlet, and a high temperature and high pressure reactor. The stirring paddle is arranged in the high temperature and high pressure reactor and driven by the magnetic motor. The high temperature and high pressure reactor is provided with the gas invasion inlet, the electromagnetic pressure relief valve, and the liquid invasion inlet at the bottom. The gas invasion inlet is connected to the mixed gas storage tank. The electromagnetic pressure relief valve is connected to the waste gas and waste liquid recovery tank. The liquid invasion inlet is connected to the high temperature and high pressure reactor. The high temperature and high pressure reactor is provided with the heating jacket and the thermal insulation layer outside. The high temperature and high pressure densimeter is arranged on the high temperature and high pressure reactor. The drilling fluid density testing system is used to simulate and test the drilling fluid density change curve when the wellbore is drilled under high temperature and high pressure, the H2S / CO2 / CH4 and other hydrocarbon mixed gas invades into the drilling fluid, and the mixed liquid invades into the drilling fluid;

[0020] The data monitoring system comprises a computer controller, a mixed liquid pressure data processor, a mixed liquid temperature data processor, a mixed liquid temperature and pressure data processor, a mixed gas pressure data processor, a heating jacket temperature data processor, a torque and rotating speed data processor, an online density data processor, a high-temperature and high-pressure kettle temperature and pressure data processor, and a mixed liquid pressure sensor, a mixed liquid temperature sensor, a mixed liquid temperature and pressure sensor, a mixed gas pressure sensor, a heating jacket temperature sensor, a torque and rotating speed sensor, an online density sensor, and a high-temperature and high-pressure kettle temperature and pressure sensor; the mixed liquid pressure data processor, the mixed liquid temperature data processor, the mixed liquid temperature and pressure data processor, the mixed gas pressure data processor, the heating jacket temperature data processor, the torque and rotating speed data processor, the online density data processor, and the high-temperature and high-pressure kettle temperature and pressure data processor are connected with the computer controller; the mixed liquid pressure sensor is arranged on a liquid and material booster pump; the mixed liquid temperature sensor is arranged on an electric heater; the mixed liquid temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor; the mixed gas pressure sensor is arranged on a gas booster pump; the heating jacket temperature sensor, the torque and rotating speed sensor, the online density sensor, and the high-temperature and high-pressure kettle temperature and pressure sensor are arranged on a high-temperature and high-pressure kettle; the system is used for monitoring the pressure of mixed gas in a gas invasion simulation process in real time, monitoring the temperature and pressure of mixed liquid in a liquid invasion simulation process in real time, testing the density of drilling fluid in a high-temperature and high-pressure, gas invasion and liquid invasion process in real time, recording data and drawing a drilling fluid density change curve.

[0021] The application further provides a high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid density real-time online testing method.

[0022] I. Experimental preparation

[0023] S1, determining the working condition parameters of the drilling fluid density indoor simulation test; according to the typical well drilling depth and working condition, the wellbore temperature and pressure, the corresponding gas component and pressure during gas invasion, the mixed liquid component, temperature and pressure during liquid invasion, the drilling fluid formula, additives, preparation requirements and basic physical property parameters of the drilling fluid system are determined;

[0024] S2, preparing the drilling fluid; according to the drilling fluid formula and preparation requirements, a sufficient amount of drilling fluid system is prepared and injected into the high-temperature and high-pressure kettle;

[0025] S3, preparing the mixed liquid for liquid invasion; according to the mixed liquid component during liquid invasion, a sufficient amount of mixed liquid is prepared and injected into the liquid storage tank, and other liquid invasion fluids are injected into the material storage tank;

[0026] S4, prepare the mixed gas for gas invasion; calculate the partial pressure of the corresponding gas component at the time of gas invasion and prepare the mixed gas, and inject it into the mixed gas storage tank;

[0027] S5, mix the liquid booster; mix the fluids in the mixed liquid storage tank and the material storage tank according to the components, concentration and amount of the mixed liquid, and open the liquid and material booster pumps to boost to the pressure of the mixed liquid at the time of liquid invasion;

[0028] S6, warm up the mixed liquid; open the electric heater to warm up the mixed liquid to the temperature of the mixed liquid at the time of liquid invasion;

[0029] S7, inject the mixed liquid into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor; inject the mixed liquid into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, and use the mixed liquid temperature sensor (1B) to monitor the temperature and pressure of the mixed liquid in real time, to ensure that the temperature and pressure of the mixed liquid are consistent with those at the time of liquid invasion, otherwise return to step 4 to boost and warm up the mixed liquid again, until the temperature and pressure of the mixed liquid in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor are consistent with those at the time of liquid invasion;

[0030] II. Data monitoring and testing:

[0031] S1, high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid density test; use the computer controller to open and control the heating jacket to warm up, and the computer controller controls the online density sensor and online density data processor to test the drilling fluid density in real time, and the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure kettle are raised to the simulated test working condition temperature and pressure conditions, and when the measured drilling fluid density does not change within 30 minutes, the high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid density test is completed and the test data is recorded;

[0032] S2, liquid invasion drilling fluid density test; inject the mixed liquid in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor into the high-temperature and high-pressure kettle, use the computer controller to control the online density sensor and online density data processor to test the drilling fluid density in real time, open the magnetic motor, and the stirring paddle rotates at high speed to fully mix the drilling fluid and the liquid invasion mixed liquid, while using the torque and speed sensor to monitor the torque and speed change data, until the drilling fluid and the liquid invasion mixed liquid are fully mixed, and when the measured drilling fluid density does not change within 30 minutes, the liquid invasion drilling fluid density test is ended;

[0033] S3, gas invasion drilling fluid density test; inject the hydrocarbon mixed gas in the mixed gas storage tank into the high-temperature and high-pressure kettle, use the computer controller to control the online density sensor and online density data processor to test the drilling fluid density in real time, open the magnetic motor, and the stirring paddle rotates at high speed to fully dissolve the gas invasion hydrocarbon mixed gas in the drilling fluid, while using the torque and speed sensor to monitor the torque and speed change data, until the gas invasion hydrocarbon mixed gas is fully dissolved in the drilling fluid, and when the measured drilling fluid density does not change within 30 minutes, the gas invasion drilling fluid density test is ended;

[0034] S4. Drilling fluid density test when gas invasion and liquid invasion occur simultaneously; according to typical well operating conditions and the order of gas invasion and liquid invasion, the mixed liquid in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor and the hydrocarbon mixed gas in the mixed gas storage tank are sequentially injected into the high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave. A computer controller is used to control the online density sensor and the online density data processor to test the drilling fluid density in real time online. The magnetic motor is turned on and the stirring slurry is rotated at high speed to allow the gas-invaded hydrocarbon mixed gas and the liquid-invaded mixed liquid to fully react with the drilling fluid. At the same time, the torque and speed sensors are used to monitor the torque and speed change data. After the gas-invaded hydrocarbon mixed gas and the liquid-invaded mixed liquid have fully reacted with the drilling fluid, the measured drilling fluid density within 30 minutes no longer changes. The drilling fluid density test experiment when gas invasion and liquid invasion occur simultaneously is terminated.

[0035] 3. Draw the drilling fluid density change curve:

[0036] include:

[0037] Draw the curve of drilling fluid density change during the process of increasing temperature and pressure;

[0038] Draw the curve of drilling fluid density change from the beginning to the end of liquid invasion;

[0039] Draw the drilling fluid density change curve from the beginning to the end of gas invasion;

[0040] Draw the drilling fluid density change curve when gas invasion and liquid invasion occur simultaneously.

[0041] According to the drilling fluid density change curve and combined with the drilling requirements of typical wells, the drilling fluid density is scientifically adjusted and the drilling fluid system is optimized and designed to ensure safe and efficient drilling when encountering high-temperature, high-pressure complex formations and facing the risks of gas and liquid invasion.

[0042] Effects and advantages achieved by the present invention:

[0043] 1. The real-time online testing device for drilling fluid density can achieve a maximum temperature of 600°C and a maximum pressure of 150MPa, and can conduct real-time online simulation testing of drilling fluid density under conditions of gas and liquid invasion during drilling.

[0044] 2. It can test the density change curve of drilling fluid after the invasion of mixed fluid and hydrocarbon mixed gas alone or simultaneously during drilling at room temperature -600℃ and normal pressure -150MPa.

[0045] 3. The density variation pattern of drilling fluid under high temperature and high pressure, liquid invasion and gas invasion conditions is measured, providing a simulation evaluation method for real-time online testing of drilling fluid density during drilling, and providing experimental equipment and reliable evaluation methods for the optimization design of drilling fluid systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor based on these drawings.

[0047] Figure 1 For a specific embodiment structure of the high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid density real-time online testing device of the present application.

[0048] In the figure, the labels are: liquid storage tank 101, material storage tank 102, liquid and material booster pump 103, electric heater 104, high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 105, waste gas and waste liquid recovery tank 106; H2S gas cylinder 201, CO2 gas cylinder 202, CH4 gas cylinder 203, other hydrocarbon gas cylinder 204, gas booster pump 205, mixed gas storage tank 206; magnetic motor 301, stirring paddle 302, high-temperature and high-pressure densimeter 303, gas invasion inlet 304, electromagnetic pressure relief valve 305, heating jacket 306, insulation layer 307, liquid invasion inlet 308, high-temperature and high-pressure kettle 309; computer controller 401, mixed liquid pressure data processor 4A, mixed liquid temperature data processor 4B, mixed liquid temperature and pressure data processor 4C, mixed gas pressure data processor 4H, heating jacket temperature data processor 4D, torque and speed data processor 4E, online density data processor 4F, high-temperature and high-pressure kettle temperature and pressure data processor 4G, and mixed liquid pressure sensor 1A, mixed liquid temperature sensor 1B, mixed liquid temperature and pressure sensor 1C, mixed gas pressure sensor 2H, heating jacket temperature sensor 3D, torque and speed sensor 3E, online density sensor 3F, high-temperature and high-pressure kettle temperature and pressure sensor 3G. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The general technical solution of the present application: a high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid density real-time online testing device, which comprises a booster heating system, a gas invasion simulation system, a drilling fluid density testing system, and a data monitoring system.

[0050] 1. Booster heating system

[0051] Liquid storage tank 101, material storage tank 102, liquid and material booster pump 103, electric heater 104, high temperature and high pressure reactor 105, waste gas and waste liquid recovery tank 106, liquid storage tank 101, material storage tank 102 are connected in parallel, then through liquid and material booster pump 103, electric heater 104, high temperature and high pressure reactor 105 are connected in turn, high temperature and high pressure reactor 105 is also connected with waste gas and waste liquid recovery tank 106; for the mixed fluid to be pressurized and heated to the required conditions of the experiment, the mixed fluid is injected into the drilling fluid density test system.

[0052] 2, gas invasion simulation system

[0053] H2S gas cylinder 201, CO2 gas cylinder 202, CH4 gas cylinder 203, other hydrocarbon gas cylinder 204, gas booster pump 205, mixed gas storage tank 206; H2S gas cylinder 201, CO2 gas cylinder 202, CH4 gas cylinder 203, other hydrocarbon gas cylinder 204 are connected in parallel, then through gas booster pump 205, mixed gas storage tank 206 is connected, for the mixed gas to be pressurized to the required conditions of the experiment, and the mixed gas is injected into the drilling fluid density test system.

[0054] 3, drilling fluid density test system

[0055] Magnetic motor 301, stirring paddle, high temperature and high pressure densimeter 303, gas invasion inlet 304, electromagnetic pressure relief valve 305, heating jacket 306, insulation layer 307, liquid invasion inlet 308, high temperature and high pressure kettle 309; high temperature and high pressure kettle 309 is provided with stirring paddle, stirring paddle is driven by magnetic motor 301; high temperature and high pressure kettle 309 bottom is provided with gas invasion inlet 304, electromagnetic pressure relief valve 305, liquid invasion inlet 308; gas invasion inlet 304 is connected with mixed gas storage tank 206; electromagnetic pressure relief valve 305 is connected with waste gas and waste liquid recovery tank 106; liquid invasion inlet 308 is connected with high temperature and high pressure reactor 105; high temperature and high pressure kettle 309 is provided with heating jacket 306 and insulation layer 307 outside; high temperature and high pressure kettle 309 is provided with high temperature and high pressure densimeter 303; for simulating the change curve of drilling fluid density when the wellbore drilling high temperature and high pressure, H2S / CO2 / CH4 and other hydrocarbon mixed gas invasion drilling fluid and mixed liquid invasion drilling fluid occur in wellbore.

[0056] 4, data monitoring system

[0057] The computer controller 401, the mixed liquid pressure data processor 4A, the mixed liquid temperature data processor 4B, the mixed liquid temperature and pressure data processor 4C, the mixed gas pressure data processor 4H, the heating jacket temperature data processor 4D, the torque and rotating speed data processor 4E, the online density data processor 4F, the high-temperature and high-pressure kettle temperature and pressure data processor 4G, and the mixed liquid pressure sensor 1A, the mixed liquid temperature sensor 1B, the mixed liquid temperature and pressure sensor 1C, the mixed gas pressure sensor 2H, the heating jacket temperature sensor 3D, the torque and rotating speed sensor 3E, the online density sensor 3F, and the high-temperature and high-pressure kettle temperature and pressure sensor 3G are connected with the computer controller 401; the mixed liquid pressure sensor 1A is arranged on the liquid and material booster pump 103; the mixed liquid temperature sensor 1B is arranged on the electric heater 104; the mixed liquid temperature and pressure sensor 1C is arranged on the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 105; the mixed gas pressure sensor 2H is arranged on the gas booster pump 205; the heating jacket temperature sensor 3D, the torque and rotating speed sensor 3E, the online density sensor 3F, and the high-temperature and high-pressure kettle temperature and pressure sensor 3G are arranged on the high-temperature and high-pressure kettle 309; the mixed gas pressure in the gas invasion simulation process is monitored in real time, the temperature and pressure of the mixed liquid in the liquid invasion simulation process are monitored in real time, the density of the drilling fluid in the high-temperature and high-pressure, gas invasion and liquid invasion processes can be tested online in real time, data are recorded, and the drilling fluid density change curve is drawn.

[0058] Based on the above device, the embodiment provides a high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid density real-time online testing method, which is divided into three aspects of experiment preparation, simulation testing, and drawing of the drilling fluid density change curve.

[0059] I. Experiment preparation

[0060] S1, determine the working condition parameters of the drilling fluid density indoor simulation test. According to the typical well drilling depth and working condition, the wellbore temperature and pressure, the corresponding gas component and pressure during gas invasion, the mixed liquid component, temperature and pressure during liquid invasion, the drilling fluid formula, additives, preparation requirements and basic physical property parameters of the drilling fluid system are determined;

[0061] S2, prepare the drilling fluid. According to the drilling fluid formula and preparation requirements, a sufficient amount of drilling fluid system is prepared and injected into the high-temperature and high-pressure kettle 309;

[0062] S3, prepare the mixed liquid for liquid invasion. According to the composition of the mixed liquid for liquid invasion, prepare enough mixed liquid, and inject it into the liquid storage tank 101, and inject the other liquid invasion fluid into the material storage tank 102.

[0063] S4, prepare the mixed gas for gas invasion. According to the corresponding gas composition for gas invasion, calculate the gas partial pressure and prepare the mixed gas, and inject it into the mixed gas storage tank 206.

[0064] S5, pressurize the mixed liquid. According to the composition, concentration and amount of the mixed liquid, pressurize the fluid in the mixed liquid storage tank 101 and the material storage tank 102 to the pressure of the mixed liquid for liquid invasion by opening the liquid and material pressurizing pump 103.

[0065] S6, warm up the mixed liquid. Open the electric heater 104 to warm up the mixed liquid to the temperature of the mixed liquid for liquid invasion.

[0066] S7, inject the mixed liquid into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor. Inject the mixed liquid into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 105, and use the mixed liquid temperature sensor 1B to monitor the temperature and pressure of the mixed liquid in real time, to ensure that the temperature and pressure of the mixed liquid are consistent with those for liquid invasion. If not, return to step 4 to pressurize and warm up the mixed liquid again until the temperature and pressure of the mixed liquid in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor are consistent with those for liquid invasion.

[0067] II. Data monitoring and testing:

[0068] S1, high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid density test. Use the computer controller 401 to start and control the heating jacket 306 to warm up, and use the computer controller 401 to control the online density sensor 3F and the online density data processor 4F to test the drilling fluid density in real time. When the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 309 are raised to the simulated test working condition temperature and pressure, and the measured drilling fluid density does not change within 30 minutes, the high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid density test is completed and the test data is recorded.

[0069] S2, liquid invasion drilling fluid density test. Inject the mixed liquid in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 105 into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 309, and use the computer controller 401 to control the online density sensor 3F and the online density data processor 4F to test the drilling fluid density in real time. Turn on the magnetic motor 301 to rotate the stirring paddle at high speed to mix the drilling fluid and the liquid invasion mixed liquid, and use the torque and speed sensor 3E to monitor the torque and speed change data. When the drilling fluid and the liquid invasion mixed liquid are fully mixed, and the measured drilling fluid density does not change within 30 minutes, the liquid invasion drilling fluid density test is completed.

[0070] S3, drilling fluid density test when gas invasion. Inject the hydrocarbon mixed gas in the mixed gas storage tank 206 into the high temperature and high pressure kettle 309, use the computer controller 401 to control the online density sensor 3F and the online density data processor 4F to test the drilling fluid density in real time, open the magnetic motor 301, and rotate the stirring paddle at high speed to make the gas invasion hydrocarbon mixed gas fully dissolved in the drilling fluid. At the same time, use the torque and speed sensor 3E to monitor the torque and speed change data until the gas invasion hydrocarbon mixed gas is fully dissolved in the drilling fluid, and the drilling fluid density measured within 30 minutes no longer changes, the drilling fluid density test experiment when gas invasion ends;

[0071] S4, drilling fluid density test when gas invasion and liquid invasion occur simultaneously. According to the typical well working condition, the sequence of gas invasion and liquid invasion, inject the mixed liquid in the high temperature and high pressure reactor 105 and the hydrocarbon mixed gas in the mixed gas storage tank 206 into the high temperature and high pressure kettle 309 in turn, use the computer controller 401 to control the online density sensor 3F and the online density data processor 4F to test the drilling fluid density in real time, open the magnetic motor 301, and rotate the stirring paddle at high speed to make the gas invasion hydrocarbon mixed gas and the liquid invasion mixed liquid fully act on the drilling fluid. At the same time, use the torque and speed sensor 3E to monitor the torque and speed change data until the gas invasion hydrocarbon mixed gas and the liquid invasion mixed liquid fully act on the drilling fluid, and the drilling fluid density measured within 30 minutes no longer changes, the drilling fluid density test experiment when gas invasion and liquid invasion occur simultaneously ends;

[0072] III. Draw the drilling fluid density change curve:

[0073] including:

[0074] Draw the drilling fluid density change curve during temperature and pressure rise;

[0075] Draw the drilling fluid density change curve from the beginning of liquid invasion to the end of liquid invasion;

[0076] Draw the drilling fluid density change curve from the beginning of gas invasion to the end of gas invasion;

[0077] Draw the drilling fluid density change curve when gas invasion and liquid invasion occur simultaneously.

[0078] According to the drilling fluid density change curve, combine the drilling requirements of typical wells, scientifically adjust the drilling fluid density, and optimize the design of the drilling fluid system to ensure safe and efficient drilling when drilling high temperature and high pressure complex formations and facing the risk of gas invasion and liquid invasion.

Claims

1. A real-time online testing device for high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid density, characterized in that: Including pressurization and heating system, gas invasion simulation system, drilling fluid density testing system, and data monitoring system; The pressurization and temperature raising system comprises a liquid storage tank (101), a material storage tank (102), a liquid and material booster pump (103), an electric heater (104), a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor (105), and a waste gas and waste liquid recovery tank (106); the liquid storage tank (101) and the material storage tank (102) are connected in parallel, and then connected to the electric heater (104) and the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor (105) in sequence through the liquid and material booster pump (103); the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor (105) is also connected to the waste gas and waste liquid recovery tank (106); the pressurization and temperature raising system is used to pressurize and heat the mixed fluid to the conditions required for the experiment, and inject the mixed fluid into the drilling fluid density testing system; A gas invasion simulation system includes an H2S gas cylinder (201), a CO2 gas cylinder (202), a CH4 gas cylinder (203), other hydrocarbon gas cylinders (204), a gas booster pump (205), and a mixed gas storage tank (206); the H2S gas cylinder (201), the CO2 gas cylinder (202), the CH4 gas cylinder (203), and other hydrocarbon gas cylinders (204) are connected in parallel and then connected to the mixed gas storage tank (206) via the gas booster pump (205); the gas invasion simulation system is used to pressurize the mixed gas to the conditions required for the experiment and inject the mixed gas into the drilling fluid density test system; A drilling fluid density testing system comprises a magnetic motor (301), a stirring paddle (302), a high-temperature and high-pressure density meter (303), a gas inlet (304), an electromagnetic pressure relief valve (305), a heating jacket (306), an insulation layer (307), a liquid inlet (308), and a high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave (309); a stirring paddle (302) is provided in the high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave (309), and the stirring paddle (302) is driven by the magnetic motor (301); a gas inlet (304), an electromagnetic pressure relief valve (305), and a liquid inlet (308) are provided at the bottom of the high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave (309 ... 4) connected to the mixed gas storage tank (206); the electromagnetic pressure relief valve (305) is connected to the waste gas and waste liquid recovery tank (106); the liquid intrusion port (308) is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor (105); the high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave (309) is provided with a heating jacket (306) and an insulation layer (307) on the outside; the high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave (309) is provided with a high-temperature and high-pressure densitometer (303); the drilling fluid density test system is used to simulate the drilling fluid density change curve when the wellbore is drilled at high temperature and high pressure, when H2S / CO2 / CH4 and other hydrocarbon mixed gases invade the drilling fluid, and when the mixed liquid invades the drilling fluid; The data monitoring system comprises a computer controller (401), a mixed liquid pressure data processor (4A), a mixed liquid temperature data processor (4B), a mixed liquid temperature and pressure data processor (4C), a mixed gas pressure data processor (4H), a heating jacket temperature data processor (4D), a torque and speed data processor (4E), an online density data processor (4F), a high-temperature autoclave temperature and pressure data processor (4G), and a mixed liquid pressure sensor (1A), a mixed liquid temperature sensor (1B), a mixed liquid temperature and pressure sensor (1C), a mixed gas pressure sensor (2H), a heating jacket temperature sensor (3D), a torque and speed sensor (3E), an online density sensor (3F), a high-temperature autoclave temperature and pressure sensor (3G); a mixed liquid pressure data processor (4A), a mixed liquid temperature data processor (4B), a mixed liquid temperature and pressure data processor (4C), a mixed gas pressure data processor (4H), a heating jacket temperature data processor ( 4D), a torque and speed data processor (4E), an online density data processor (4F), and a high-temperature autoclave temperature and pressure data processor (4G) are respectively connected to the computer controller (401); a mixed liquid pressure sensor (1A) is arranged on the liquid and material booster pump (103); a mixed liquid temperature sensor (1B) is arranged on the electric heater (104); a mixed liquid temperature and pressure sensor (1C) is arranged on the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor (105); a mixed gas pressure sensor (2H) is arranged on the gas booster pump (205); a heating jacket temperature sensor (3D), a torque and speed sensor (3E), an online density sensor (3F), and a high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave temperature and pressure sensor (3G) are arranged on the high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave (309); and a data monitoring system is used for real-time monitoring of the pressure of the mixed gas during the gas invasion simulation process, real-time monitoring of the temperature and pressure of the mixed liquid during the liquid invasion simulation process, real-time online testing of the density of the drilling fluid during the high-temperature and high-pressure, gas invasion, and liquid invasion processes, recording data, and drawing a drilling fluid density change curve.

2. A real-time online density testing method for high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid, characterized in that: The real-time online testing device for high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid density according to claim 1 is used, wherein the method comprises three steps: experimental preparation, simulation test, and drawing a drilling fluid density change curve:

1. Experimental preparation: S1. Determine the operating parameters for conducting indoor simulation tests of drilling fluid density. Based on the drilling depth and operating conditions of typical wells, determine the wellbore temperature and pressure, the corresponding gas composition and pressure during gas invasion, the mixed liquid composition, temperature and pressure during liquid invasion, the drilling fluid formula, additives, configuration requirements, and basic physical properties of the drilling fluid system used in the experiment; S2. Prepare drilling fluid; prepare a sufficient amount of drilling fluid system according to the drilling fluid formula and preparation requirements, and inject it into the high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave (309); S3. Prepare a mixed liquid for liquid invasion; prepare a sufficient amount of mixed liquid according to the components of the mixed liquid during liquid invasion, inject it into the liquid storage tank (101), and inject other liquid invasion fluids into the material storage tank (102); S4, preparing a mixed gas for gas invasion; calculating the gas partial pressure according to the corresponding gas components during gas invasion and preparing the mixed gas, and injecting it into the mixed gas storage tank (206); S5, pressurizing the mixed liquid; according to the components, concentration and dosage of the mixed liquid, the fluids in the mixed liquid storage tank (101) and the material storage tank (102) are mixed, and the liquid and material booster pumps (103) are turned on to increase the pressure of the mixed liquid to the pressure at the time of liquid invasion; S6, heating the mixed liquid; turning on the electric heater (104) to heat the mixed liquid to the temperature of the mixed liquid at the time of liquid invasion; S7, injecting the mixed liquid into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor; injecting the mixed liquid into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor (105), using the mixed liquid temperature sensor (1B) to monitor the mixed liquid temperature in real time to ensure that the mixed liquid temperature is consistent with that at the time of liquid invasion, otherwise returning to S4 to pressurize and heat the mixed liquid again until the temperature and pressure conditions of the mixed liquid in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor are consistent with those at the time of liquid invasion; 2. Data monitoring and testing: S1, high temperature and high pressure drilling fluid density test; using a computer controller (401) to start and control the heating jacket (306) to increase the temperature, the computer controller (401) controls the online density sensor (3F) and the online density data processor (4F) to test the drilling fluid density in real time online, and the temperature and pressure of the high temperature and high pressure autoclave (309) are raised to the temperature and pressure conditions of the simulated test working conditions. When the measured drilling fluid density does not change within 30 minutes, the drilling fluid density test under high temperature and high pressure conditions is completed and the test data is recorded; S2. Drilling fluid density test during liquid invasion; inject the mixed liquid in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor (105) into the high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave (309), use the computer controller (401) to control the online density sensor (3F) and the online density data processor (4F) to test the drilling fluid density in real time online, turn on the magnetic motor (301), and rotate the stirring blade (302) at high speed to fully mix the drilling fluid and the liquid invasion mixed liquid, and use the torque and speed sensor (3E) to monitor the torque and speed change data until the drilling fluid and the liquid invasion mixed liquid are fully mixed. When the drilling fluid density measured within 30 minutes no longer changes, the drilling fluid density test experiment during liquid invasion is terminated; S3. Drilling fluid density test during gas invasion; inject the mixed gas in the mixed gas storage tank (206) into the high-temperature autoclave (309), use the computer controller (401) to control the online density sensor (3F) and the online density data processor (4F) to test the drilling fluid density in real time online, turn on the magnetic motor (301), and rotate the stirring blade (302) at high speed to make the gas invasion mixed gas fully dissolved in the drilling fluid, and use the torque and speed sensor (3E) to monitor the torque and speed change data until the gas invasion mixed gas is fully dissolved in the drilling fluid. When the drilling fluid density measured within 30 minutes no longer changes, the drilling fluid density test experiment during gas invasion is terminated; S4. Drilling fluid density test when gas invasion and liquid invasion occur simultaneously; according to typical well working conditions and the order of gas invasion and liquid invasion, the mixed liquid in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor (105) and the mixed gas in the mixed gas storage tank (206) are injected into the high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave (309) in sequence, and the computer controller (401) is used to control the online density sensor (3F) and the online density data processor (4F) to test the drilling fluid density in real time online, and the magnetic motor (301) is turned on, and the stirring blade (302) rotates at a high speed to allow the gas invasion mixed gas and the liquid invasion mixed liquid to fully react with the drilling fluid, and the torque and speed change data are monitored by the torque and speed sensor (3E) at the same time, until the gas invasion mixed gas and the liquid invasion mixed liquid fully react with the drilling fluid, and the drilling fluid density measured within 30 minutes no longer changes, then the drilling fluid density test experiment when gas invasion and liquid invasion occur simultaneously is terminated; 3. Draw the drilling fluid density change curve: According to the drilling fluid density change curve and combined with the drilling requirements of typical wells, the drilling fluid density is scientifically adjusted and the drilling fluid system is optimized and designed to ensure safe and efficient drilling when encountering high-temperature, high-pressure complex formations and facing the risks of gas and liquid invasion.

3. The real-time online density testing method for high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drawing of the drilling fluid density change curve includes: Draw the curve of drilling fluid density change during the process of increasing temperature and pressure; Draw the curve of drilling fluid density change from the beginning to the end of liquid invasion; Draw the drilling fluid density change curve from the beginning to the end of gas invasion; Draw the drilling fluid density change curve when gas invasion and liquid invasion occur simultaneously.

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