Multifunctional high-speed laser cladding device

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional high-speed laser cladding device, which comprises a laser, an acoustic emission detection device, an infrared monitoring device, a powder feeding device, a CCD high-speed camera, a heat treatment device and an electromagnetic vibration device; the laser is located at the center of the device; the acoustic emission detection device, the infrared monitoring device and the CCD high-speed camera are arranged on one side of a molten pool; the powder feeding device is arranged above the laser and comprises a powder feeding turntable and a powder feeding pipeline; the heat treatment device moves synchronously and in the same direction with the powder feeding nozzle; and the electromagnetic vibration device is arranged at the lowermost part of the device. The application can monitor the cladding process in multiple aspects in real time, and can simultaneously perform heat treatment, so that the cladding quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cladding equipment technology, specifically to a multifunctional high-speed laser cladding device suitable for light and heavy metal powders under high-speed conditions. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, laser cladding technology has become a popular metal surface repair technology. It utilizes the high energy density of lasers to simultaneously melt the surface of the substrate and the added metal alloy powder, forming a high-performance coating with a metallurgical bond between the molten powder and the micro-molten metal substrate. This technology strengthens and repairs the surfaces of mechanical equipment, improving the surface wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and service life of mechanical parts. It has attracted widespread attention and research from scholars at home and abroad in the field of mechanical equipment.

[0003] High-speed laser cladding technology is developed based on laser cladding technology. By adjusting the phase position of the laser and the metal alloy powder, the powder interaction is located above the metal substrate, which significantly improves the utilization rate of the powder and the cladding efficiency, and significantly improves the performance and surface precision of the cladding coating.

[0004] However, for high-speed laser cladding technology, if the powder is damp, it is prone to sticking and clogging. Simultaneously, the required powder particle size is small, but small particles are also prone to sticking, causing clogging of the cladding nozzle. Furthermore, for lighter alloy powders, powder aggregation is not conducive. For high-speed laser cladding nozzles, triaxial and quadriaxial powder tubes have a large powder feed rate, but the powder aggregation is relatively poor. Coaxial annular nozzles have better powder aggregation and uniform powder output, but the powder feed rate is smaller, making them unsuitable for larger cladding components. Moreover, during laser cladding, both excessive and insufficient powder feed rates will affect the powder aggregation state, requiring monitoring by the powder feed system. Furthermore, if powder particle movement exceeds the protection range of the powder feed gas, it can easily cause oxidation of the alloy powder, affecting coating quality. An external protective gas is required. Simultaneously, a CCD high-speed camera can be used to monitor the powder aggregation state and flow in mid-air in real time, and an infrared device can be used to monitor the mid-air powder-light temperature field in real time to understand the powder morphology under laser action. Infrared monitoring devices were used again to monitor the temperature and morphology of the molten pool. During the cladding process, acoustic emission detection devices were used to monitor the internal changes of the cladding layer. Electromagnetic vibration devices can influence the grain morphology, allowing for grain refinement of the cladding layer. After the cladding layer is formed, cracking occurs due to the rapid cooling characteristic of laser, necessitating stress-relieving heat treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a multifunctional high-speed laser cladding device that can monitor the cladding process in real time from multiple perspectives and perform heat treatment simultaneously.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a multifunctional high-speed laser cladding device, including a laser, an acoustic emission detection device, an infrared monitoring device, a powder feeding device, a CCD high-speed camera, a heat treatment device, and an electromagnetic vibration device;

[0007] The laser is located at the center of the equipment and is used to emit laser light to clad the material and form a molten pool.

[0008] The acoustic emission detection device is installed on one side of the molten pool and is used to monitor the changes inside the cladding layer during the cladding process.

[0009] The infrared monitoring device is installed on one side of the molten pool to monitor the temperature field of the semi-hollow powder-light and the temperature and morphology of the molten pool in real time.

[0010] The powder feeding device is located above the laser and includes a powder feeding turntable and a powder feeding pipe for feeding powder to the powder feeding nozzle.

[0011] The CCD high-speed camera is used to observe the amount of powder delivered.

[0012] The heat treatment device and the powder feeding nozzle move simultaneously and in the same direction to prevent the cladding layer from cracking due to large stress.

[0013] The electromagnetic vibration device is located below the laser, powder feeding device, acoustic emission detection device, infrared monitoring device, heat treatment device, and CCD high-speed camera to refine the grain size of the cladding layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the powder feeding turntable is equipped with eight powder cylinders, eight powder feeding pipe inlets, and a powder scraper, wherein the powder cylinders and powder feeding pipe inlets are arranged alternately; the powder scraper is located above the powder cylinders and powder feeding pipe inlets, and the powder scraper is connected to a motor through a spiral connecting rod to drive the rotation of the powder scraper, wherein the powder scraper has eight blades in a star shape; the powder cylinders can automatically rise and fall, and when the powder cylinders are full of metal powder, the powder scraper flattens the powder in the powder cylinders, and the eight powder cylinders rise to the same height as the powder scraper rotates.

[0015] Furthermore, a spiral powder feeding pipe is connected to the inlet of the powder feeding pipe, and a metal sleeve is provided outside the spiral powder feeding pipe. A heating induction coil is wound around the outside of the metal sleeve to heat and dry the moist powder. A first ultrasonic micro-vibration device is installed around the metal sleeve below the heating coil to disperse the adhering powder. A powder sweeping brush is installed at the end of the spiral powder feeding pipe to send the powder into a pipe connected to a gas supply pipe, and the powder is sent into the powder feeding nozzle by the powder supply gas.

[0016] Furthermore, the powder feeding nozzle is equipped with eight powder pipes, and each powder pipe has a herringbone-shaped branch pipe at the end. The nozzle below the powder pipe is annular, and the annular nozzle at the point where the spiral powder feeding pipe reaches the nozzle opening is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0017] Furthermore, an ultrasonic micro-vibration device is installed at the interface between the annular nozzle and the herringbone pipe to prevent the nozzle from becoming clogged.

[0018] Furthermore, the powder feeding nozzle has two layers, an inner layer which is a powder feeding nozzle and an outer layer which is a protective gas nozzle, thus protecting the heated powder and the newly heated cladding layer from oxidation.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] 1. The amount of powder fed is observed in real time by a CCD high-speed camera and a powder feeding monitoring system, and then the lifting height of the powder cylinder and the rotation speed of the powder scraper are adjusted to control the amount of powder fed; the powder cylinder is raised at the same time, and the eight-blade powder scraper achieves uniformity of powder delivery and realizes different powder feeding amounts.

[0021] 2. The cladding process is monitored in real time by an infrared monitoring device, the internal changes of the cladding layer are monitored by an acoustic emission detection device, and the grain refinement of the cladding layer is performed by an electromagnetic vibration device.

[0022] 3. By adding an external ultrasonic micro-vibration device and a heating induction coil, the powder is dispersed and dried to prevent it from affecting the quality of the cladding coating.

[0023] 4. By installing an ultrasonic micro-vibration device at the spiral powder feeding pipe, powder adhesion can be prevented when the powder amount is large.

[0024] 5. The double-layer annular nozzle on the powder feeding head can effectively prevent the powder from being oxidized during laser treatment, and can also prevent the coating from being oxidized within a certain range, providing a more effective inert environment.

[0025] 6. By assembling the heat treatment device and the powder feeding nozzle to move simultaneously, the heat treatment device can move freely up and down to perform stress-relieving heat treatment on the cladding coating and prevent the coating from cracking. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a connection diagram for some of the devices;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a top view of the powder scraper.

[0029] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the powder scraper;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a spiral powder feeding pipe;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the powder delivery nozzle.

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a herringbone-shaped powder delivery pipe;

[0033] In the diagram: 0-Laser, 1-Acoustic emission detection device; 2-Infrared monitoring device; 3-Powder feeding gas inlet; 4-Powder feeding pipe; 5-Powder feeding device; 6-CCD high-speed camera; 7-Heat treatment device; 8-Electromagnetic vibration device; 9-Powder feeding pipe inlet; 10-Powder cylinder; 11-Powder scraper; 12-Spiral connecting rod; 13-Motor; 14-Heating induction coil; 15-Spiral powder feeding pipe; 16-Ultrasonic micro-vibration device; 17-Brush; 18-Metal sleeve; 19-Powder feeding inner nozzle; 20-Protective gas nozzle; 21-Powder feeding nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a multifunctional high-speed laser cladding device, including a laser 0, an acoustic emission detection device 1, an infrared monitoring device 2, a powder feeding device 5, a CCD high-speed camera 6, a heat treatment device 7, and an electromagnetic vibration device 8. The laser 0 is located at the center of the equipment and is used to emit laser light to clad the material and form a molten pool. The acoustic emission detection device 1 is located on one side of the molten pool and is connected to the main arm of the cladding machine using a smaller robotic arm to monitor the internal changes of the cladding layer during the cladding process. The infrared monitoring device 2 is located on one side of the molten pool and is connected to the main arm of the cladding machine using a smaller robotic arm to monitor the temperature field of the semi-hollow powder-light and the temperature and morphology of the molten pool in real time. The powder feeding device 5 is located above the laser 0 and includes a powder feeding turntable and a powder feeding pipe 4. It is used to feed powder to the powder feeding nozzle 21 to prevent the light alloy powder from being blown out. The CCD high-speed camera 6 is also connected to the main arm using a smaller robotic arm to observe the powder feeding amount. The heat treatment device 7 moves simultaneously and in the same direction as the powder feeding nozzle 21 to prevent the cladding layer from cracking due to large stress. The electromagnetic vibration device 8 is located below the acoustic emission detection device 1, the infrared monitoring device 2, the powder feeding device 5, the CCD high-speed camera 6, and the heat treatment device 7 to refine the grain size of the cladding layer.

[0036] like Figure 2As shown, the powder feeding turntable and CCD high-speed camera 6 are connected to the computer. The powder feeding amount is observed through the CCD high-speed camera 6, and the powder feeding information is transmitted to the computer, allowing staff to control the powder feeding detection system via the computer. Experimental observers can also perform infrared and acoustic emission monitoring through the computer.

[0037] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the powder feeding turntable is equipped with eight powder cylinders 10, eight powder feeding pipe inlets 9, and powder scrapers 11. The powder cylinders 10 and powder feeding pipe inlets 9 are arranged alternately. The powder scrapers 11 are located above the powder cylinders 10 and powder feeding pipe inlets 9. The powder scrapers 11 are connected to the motor 13 through a spiral connecting rod 12, which drives the rotation of the powder scrapers 11. The powder scrapers 11 are eight-bladed in a star shape. The powder cylinders 10 can automatically rise and fall. When the powder cylinders 10 are full of metal powder, the powder scrapers 11 level the powder in the powder cylinders 10. The eight powder cylinders 10 rise to the same height as the powder scrapers 11 rotate, so as to achieve uniform powder feeding.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, a spiral powder feeding pipe 15 is connected to the powder feeding pipe inlet 9. A metal sleeve 18 surrounds the spiral powder feeding pipe 15, and a heating induction coil 14 is wound around the metal sleeve 18 to heat and dry the moist powder. An ultrasonic micro-vibration device 16 is installed around the metal sleeve 18 below the heating induction coil 14 to disperse any adhering powder. A powder-sweeping brush 17 is installed at the end of the spiral powder feeding pipe 15 to feed the powder into a pipe connected to an air supply pipe, where the powder is then fed into the powder feeding nozzle 21 by the powder supply gas.

[0039] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the powder feeding nozzle 21 has two layers: an inner powder feeding nozzle 19 and an outer protective gas nozzle 20, which protect the heated powder and the newly heated cladding layer from oxidation. The powder feeding nozzle 21 is equipped with eight powder channels, each with a herringbone-shaped branch at the end. The powder feeding nozzle 19 below the powder channel is annular, and the annular nozzle at the junction of the spiral powder feeding tube 15 and the powder feeding nozzle 19 is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. An ultrasonic micro-vibration device is installed at the interface between the annular nozzle and the herringbone-shaped tube to prevent nozzle clogging.

[0040] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A multi-functional high speed laser cladding device, characterized by: The device comprises a laser, an acoustic emission detection device, an infrared monitoring device, a powder feeding device, a CCD high-speed camera, a heat treatment device and an electromagnetic vibration device; The laser is located at the center of the device and is used to emit laser to melt the material and form a molten pool; The acoustic emission detection device is arranged on one side of the molten pool and is used to monitor the internal change process of the cladding layer of the material during the cladding process; The infrared monitoring device is arranged on one side of the molten pool and is used to monitor the temperature and morphology of the powder-light temperature field in the air and the molten pool in real time respectively; The powder feeding device is arranged above the laser and comprises a powder feeding turntable and a powder feeding pipeline, which is used to feed the powder to the powder feeding nozzle; Eight powder cylinders, eight powder feeding pipe inlets and a powder scraping plate are arranged on the powder feeding turntable, wherein the powder cylinders and the powder feeding pipe inlets are arranged in sequence and are spaced apart; the powder scraping plate is arranged above the powder cylinders and the powder feeding pipe inlets, the powder scraping plate is connected with a motor through a spiral connecting rod and drives the rotation of the powder scraping plate, wherein the powder scraping plate is a eight-leafed rice-shaped plate; the powder cylinders can be automatically lifted, when the powder cylinders are filled with metal powder, the powder in the powder cylinders is leveled by the powder scraping plate, and the eight powder cylinders are lifted by the same height while the powder scraping plate rotates; A spiral powder feeding pipe is connected to the powder feeding pipe inlet, a metal sleeve is arranged outside the spiral powder feeding pipe, a heating induction coil is wound around the periphery of the metal sleeve, and the humid powder is heated and dried; a first ultrasonic micro-vibration device is installed around the metal sleeve below the heating coil and is used to disperse the adhered powder; a powder brushing brush is installed at the end of the spiral powder feeding pipe and is used to feed the powder into the pipeline connected with the gas feeding pipeline, and the powder is fed into the powder feeding nozzle by the powder feeding gas; Eight powder pipelines are arranged in the powder feeding nozzle, a person-shaped bifurcated pipe is arranged at the end of each powder pipeline, the nozzle below the powder pipeline is annular, and the annular nozzle from the spiral powder feeding pipe to the nozzle opening is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; An ultrasonic micro-vibration device is arranged at the interface between the annular nozzle and the person-shaped pipe to prevent the nozzle from being blocked; The CCD high-speed camera is used to observe the powder feeding amount; The heat treatment device moves in the same direction with the powder feeding nozzle to prevent the cladding layer from cracking due to large stress; The powder feeding nozzle has inner and outer layers, the inner layer is a powder feeding inner nozzle, and the outer layer is a protective gas nozzle, which protects the heated powder and the just-heated cladding layer and prevents oxidation; The electromagnetic vibration device is arranged below the laser, the powder feeding device, the acoustic emission detection device, the infrared monitoring device, the heat treatment device and the CCD high-speed camera and is used to refine the grains of the cladding layer.

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