A method for quickly replacing a beam bottom pier column

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of beam bottom pier column quick replacement method, comprising: erecting temporary support in beam bottom, using jacking device jacking bridge superstructure to original pier column unloading;Lifting system is installed on bridge deck;According to the order from bottom to top, original pier column is cut and removed in section, each original pier column segment is cut after using lifting system and descending to ground;According to the order from top to bottom, new pier column is installed in section, each new pier column segment is fixedly connected with next pier column segment after using lifting system and ascending to set height;New pier column is fixedly connected with bridge foundation, bridge superstructure falls back to new pier column and is fixedly connected with it.The application is aimed at the case that bridge pier structure is seriously damaged while bridge superstructure is not seriously damaged, after original pier column unloading, the method of cutting and removing from bottom to top in section, lifting and installing from top to bottom in section is used to realize the quick replacement of pier column, while guaranteeing the construction quality of new pier column, the construction efficiency and construction safety of pier column replacement are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bridge maintenance construction. More particularly, the present application relates to a method for quickly replacing a pier column at the bottom of a beam. BACKGROUND

[0002] A pier is a main load-bearing component of a bridge. During the use of a bridge, the pier may be tilted, deviated, damaged or otherwise diseased due to reasons such as earthquakes, floods, landslides, vehicle collisions, ship collisions, and human bias loading, thereby directly affecting the safety of the bridge structure and the safety of road operation. For a pier with serious diseases, a method of directly demolishing and rebuilding the bridge is usually adopted. This method will cause waste of the upper structure of the bridge that is not seriously damaged, and the construction period of the bridge demolition and reconstruction is long, which has a great impact on normal traffic operation. Therefore, in some engineering cases, a method of retaining the upper structure of the bridge and demolishing and rebuilding the pier column is adopted, that is, the beam is jacked up, the pier column is unloaded, and then the pier column is demolished by a combination of cutting and crushing in a narrow space, and a new pier column is cast in situ at the original position of the pier column. In the above method, the safety risk of the pier column demolition operation is high, and the demolition objects and large mechanical equipment are prone to collide with the temporary support of the upper structure of the bridge, and in severe cases, there is a risk of causing a safety accident. Moreover, due to the narrow construction space, the construction efficiency of the pier column demolition is low, and the quality of the pier top segment formwork installation, concrete pouring and vibrating of the new pier column cast-in-place construction is easily affected by the beam clearance.

[0003] To solve the above problems, a method for quickly replacing a pier column at the bottom of a beam is needed, which improves the construction efficiency and safety of the pier column replacement under the condition of ensuring the construction quality of the new pier column. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method for quickly replacing a pier column at the bottom of a beam, which is used for the case that the bridge pier structure is severely damaged but the upper structure of the bridge is not seriously damaged. After the original pier column is unloaded, the method is used to quickly replace the pier column by segmentally cutting and demolishing from bottom to top and segmentally lifting and installing from top to bottom, thereby improving the construction efficiency and safety of the pier column replacement while ensuring the construction quality of the new pier column.

[0005] In order to achieve these objects and other advantages and in view of its purposes, a method for quickly replacing a pier column at the bottom of a beam is provided, which comprises:

[0006] S1, a temporary support is erected at the bottom of the beam, a jacking device is installed between the temporary support and the upper structure of the bridge, and the upper structure of the bridge is jacked up to the original pier column by using the jacking device;

[0007] S2, a lifting system is installed on the bridge deck;

[0008] S3, cut and remove the original pier column in segments from bottom to top, each original pier column segment is lowered to the ground by the lifting system and then cut, until all original pier column segments are removed;

[0009] S4, install new pier columns in segments from top to bottom, each new pier column segment is lifted to a set height by the lifting system and then fixedly connected with the next pier column segment, until all new pier column segments are installed;

[0010] S5, fix the new pier columns with the bridge foundation, and then use the jacking device to lower the bridge superstructure onto the new pier columns and fix it, i.e. complete the replacement of the beam bottom pier column.

[0011] Preferably, the beam bottom pier column rapid replacement method, the lifting system is arranged corresponding to the original pier column and located directly above it, the lifting system includes a base fixed on the bridge deck, two groups of tension jacks symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base, any group of tension jacks includes one or more tension jacks fixed on the base along the length of the bridge, and any tension jack is connected with a pre-set lifting point on the original pier column or the new pier column through a lifting rope and adjusts the height position thereof.

[0012] Preferably, the beam bottom pier column rapid replacement method, the lifting point is fixedly arranged on the top pier column segment, and the lifting rope is connected with the corresponding lifting point and tension jack in the vertical direction.

[0013] Preferably, the beam bottom pier column rapid replacement method, in S3, before the original pier column is cut, the original pier column is pre-lifted by the lifting system.

[0014] Preferably, the beam bottom pier column rapid replacement method, in S3, the segment cutting and removing method of the original pier column includes:

[0015] S31, divide the original pier column into multiple segments along the height direction, and set a cutting line between adjacent original pier column segments;

[0016] S32, separate the original pier column segment at the bottom from the bridge foundation below and the remaining original pier column segments above along the pre-set cutting line, then lift the remaining original pier column segments upward to a set height by the lifting system, and then use a moving mechanism to drag the original pier column segment at the bottom out of the bridge site for processing;

[0017] S33, lower the remaining original pier column segments to the ground by the lifting system, and then remove the next original pier column segment by the method in S32;

[0018] S34, repeat the steps of S33 until all original pier column segments are removed.

[0019] Preferably, in the beam bottom pier column quick replacement method, the lifting height of the lifting system to the remaining segment of the original pier column is less than the jacking height of the jacking device to the superstructure of the bridge in S32.

[0020] Preferably, in the beam bottom pier column quick replacement method, the segmented installation method of the new pier column in S4 comprises:

[0021] S41, segmentally prefabricate the new pier column according to the structure of the original pier column and design requirements and transport to the bridge site;

[0022] S42, use a moving mechanism to drag the new pier column segment at the top to the beam bottom and align with the superstructure of the bridge;

[0023] S43, use the lifting system to lift the new pier column segment at the top to a set height;

[0024] S44, use a moving mechanism to drag the adjacent new pier column segment to the beam bottom and align with the new pier column segment above;

[0025] S45, use the lifting system to lower the new pier column segment at the top to the adjacent new pier column segment, and fixedly connect the two new pier column segments to form a new new pier column segment at the top;

[0026] S46, repeat S43-S45 to sequentially install the remaining new pier column segments until all the new pier column segments are installed.

[0027] Preferably, in the beam bottom pier column quick replacement method, the lifting height of the lifting system to the new pier column segment at the top is greater than the height of the adjacent new pier column segment in S44 in S43.

[0028] Preferably, in the beam bottom pier column quick replacement method, the fixed connection of the two new pier column segments in S45 comprises the connection of internal steel bars and the connection of concrete structures.

[0029] The present application at least includes the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The present application is aimed at the situation that the bridge pier structure is severely damaged while the bridge superstructure is undamaged or can be reused after repair, after the original pier column is unloaded by erecting temporary support and lifting the beam body, the method of cutting and removing from bottom to top, lifting and installing from top to bottom is adopted to realize the rapid replacement of the pier column, wherein the pier column segments are lifted and lowered by the lifting system arranged on the bridge deck, and are pulled and translated by the small equipment arranged under the bridge, so that the removal and installation operation of the pier column segments are mostly transferred to the bridge deck or the outside of the bridge site, the problem of difficult operation in the narrow space under the beam is solved, and there is no large mechanical equipment in the construction process, the operation is convenient and the probability of misoperation is greatly reduced, the risk of damage to the beam body and its temporary support structure during the pier column replacement construction process is reduced, so that the construction efficiency and safety of the pier column replacement are effectively improved while ensuring the construction quality of the new pier column;

[0031] 2. The new pier column segments in the present application are all made by the method of factory prefabrication, the structural quality is easy to control, and the removal of the original pier column and the prefabrication of the new pier column segments can be carried out synchronously, which greatly improves the construction efficiency and effectively saves the construction period;

[0032] 3. The undamaged or repairable bridge superstructure is reused in the present application, the engineering cost of bridge overall demolition and reconstruction is greatly reduced by replacing the pier column, and the present application has good economy and application prospect.

[0033] Other advantages, objects and features of the present application will be partly embodied by the following description, and will be partly understood by those skilled in the art through research and practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a construction structure schematic view of S31 in the beam bottom pier column rapid replacement method of one embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a construction structure schematic view of S32 in the beam bottom pier column rapid replacement method of the above embodiment;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a construction structure schematic view of S33 in the beam bottom pier column rapid replacement method of the above embodiment;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a construction structure schematic view of S42 in the beam bottom pier column rapid replacement method of the above embodiment;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a construction structure schematic view of S43 in the beam bottom pier column rapid replacement method of the above embodiment;

[0039] Figure 6A construction structure schematic diagram for S44 in the beam bottom pier column quick replacement method described in the above embodiment;

[0040] Figure 7 A construction structure schematic diagram for S45 in the beam bottom pier column quick replacement method described in the above embodiment;

[0041] Figure 8 A construction structure schematic diagram for a beam bottom pier column quick replacement method according to another embodiment of the application.

[0042] Legend:

[0043] 0, bridge superstructure; 1, lifting system; 11, tray; 12, hoop; 2, original pier column; 21, original pier column bent cap; 22, first segment of original pier column; 23, cutting line; 24, remaining segment of original pier column; 3, bridge foundation; 41, first segment of new pier column; 42, second segment of new pier column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The application will be further described in conjunction with the drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement the application according to the description and drawings.

[0045] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods, and the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified. In the description of the application, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application.

[0046] As shown in Figures 1-8 The application provides a beam bottom pier column quick replacement method, which comprises:

[0047] S1, temporarily supporting on the beam bottom, and installing a jacking device between the temporary support and the bridge superstructure 0, and jacking the bridge superstructure 0 to unload the original pier column 2 using the jacking device;

[0048] S2, installing a lifting system 1 on the bridge deck;

[0049] S3, cutting and removing the original pier column 2 in the order from bottom to top, and cutting each original pier column segment after it is lowered to the ground using the lifting system, until all original pier column segments are removed;

[0050] S4, install new pier columns in segments from top to bottom, each new pier column segment is lifted to a set height by using the lifting system and then fixedly connected with the next pier column segment until all new pier column segments are installed;

[0051] S5, fix the new pier columns with the bridge foundation 3, and then use the jacking device to lower the bridge superstructure onto the new pier columns and fix them, i.e. the replacement of the beam bottom pier columns is completed.

[0052] In the above technical solution, the temporary support is a stable support frame structure arranged on the ground under the bridge, which is arranged staggered with the original pier column structure to avoid interference during the replacement of the pier column. The jacking device can be a vertical lifting device such as a large-tonnage hydraulic jack, which is fixed at the top of the temporary support and located directly below the beam body (main beam). Before jacking, the connection between the original pier column and the upper structure of the bridge (including the main beam, deck slab and other auxiliary structures) needs to be removed in advance. When the jacking device is started to jack up, the jacking end of the jacking device moves vertically upward, and after contacting the bottom surface of the beam body, it supports and drives the entire upper structure of the bridge to move upward to a set height, achieving the unloading of the original pier column to the upper structure of the bridge. The jacking device needs to jack up the upper structure of the bridge to completely leave the original pier column structure and be spaced apart by a distance to leave a certain construction space, facilitate the replacement operation of the pier column, and at the same time avoid damage to the upper structure of the bridge caused by the replacement construction or construction equipment of the pier column, to ensure the construction safety and stability during the replacement of the pier column. In this embodiment, the jacking height of the jacking device (i.e. the distance between the upper structure of the bridge and the original pier column) is not less than 5 cm. A lifting system is arranged on the bridge deck structure after jacking to control the height of the pier column structure (including the original pier column and the new pier column). The lifting system is a device that can realize continuous lifting and lowering, one end of which is fixed on the bridge deck, and the other end penetrates through the upper structure of the bridge and is connected with the pier column below. During the removal / installation of the original pier column / new pier column in S3 / S4, the lifting system is always connected with the top structure of the original pier column / new pier column, so that during the removal of the original pier column, since the removal sequence is from bottom to top, the lifting system does not need to change the connection position, but can control the overall movement of the original pier column segment that has not been removed after the removal of each bottom original pier column segment, facilitating the movement of the latest original pier column segment to the ground position for cutting and removal. The removed original pier column segment can be dragged to the outside of the bridge site for treatment by using a small device, avoiding the influence of in-situ chiseling and crushing construction on the upper structure of the bridge. During the installation of the new pier column, since the installation sequence is from top to bottom, the lifting system can lift the upper new pier column segment as a whole after the installation of each new pier column segment, leaving a space for the installation of the next new pier column segment, facilitating the positioning and installation of the latest pier column segment. Therefore, the connection between the lifting system and the original pier column / new pier column does not need to be changed during the entire process of removing the original pier column / installing the new pier column, which simplifies the construction steps and facilitates the construction efficiency; at the same time, the above-mentioned segmented removal and installation of the pier column and the construction sequence can better adapt to the narrow construction space under the bridge, effectively reducing the influence of the limited clearance between the beam body and the pier column on the construction quality.

[0053] The application provides a quick, efficient, energy-saving and environment-friendly beam bottom pier column replacement method. In the case that the bridge pier structure is severely damaged and the upper structure of the bridge is not damaged or can be reused after repair, the original pier column is unloaded after the temporary support is erected and the beam body is lifted, and the method of cutting and removing from bottom to top, and installing from top to bottom is used to realize the quick replacement of the pier column. The pier column segments are lifted and lowered by the lifting system arranged on the bridge deck, and are pulled and translated by the small equipment arranged under the bridge, so that the removal and installation of the pier column segments are mostly transferred to the bridge deck or the outside of the bridge site, the operation difficulty problem of the narrow space of the beam bottom is solved, there is no large mechanical equipment in the construction process, the operation is convenient, the probability of misoperation is greatly reduced, the risk of damage to the beam body and the temporary support structure in the pier column replacement construction process is reduced, and therefore, the construction efficiency and safety of the pier column replacement are improved while the construction quality of the new pier column is ensured.

[0054] In another technical scheme, the lifting system is arranged above the original pier column and corresponds to the original pier column, the lifting system comprises a base fixed on the bridge deck, two groups of tension jacks symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the base, and any group of tension jacks comprises one or more tension jacks fixed on the base along the length of the bridge, and any tension jack is connected with a hoisting point arranged on the original pier column or the new pier column through a hoisting rope and adjusts the height position of the hoisting point. In the embodiment, the lifting system is arranged above the original pier column to be replaced, the two groups of tension jacks are symmetrically arranged on the two sides above the pier column, the hoisting rope is selected from a steel wire rope, one end of the hoisting rope is clamped on a clamp of the tension jack, the other end of the hoisting rope is connected with the hoisting point arranged on the pier column, and the tension jack controls the height of the hoisting point (the pier column) by controlling the displacement (length) of the steel wire rope. In the embodiment, the tension jack is selected from a continuous jack, so that the displacement of the hoisting point can be stably, accurately and continuously controlled. The hoisting point can be an auxiliary device connected with the steel wire rope, which is arranged on the top pier segment of the original pier column or the new pier column. When the original pier column is removed and the new pier column is installed, the hoisting point on the original pier column can be directly removed and installed on the new pier column for reuse, so that the lifting system can be repositioned and connected, and the construction materials and costs are saved.

[0055] In another technical scheme, the hoisting point is fixedly arranged on the top pier segment, and the hoisting rope is connected with the corresponding hoisting point and the tension jack in the vertical direction. Figures 1-7 As shown in the figure, for the pier column with a bent cap structure, a tray 11 can be arranged at the bottom of the bent cap as the hoisting point. In the embodiment, the pier segment at the top of the original pier column is the bent cap 21 of the original pier column, and the lifting system is connected with the tray 11 arranged at the bottom of the bent cap of the original pier column during construction. Figure 8As shown, for the pier column of the cap beam structure, a hoop 12 can be arranged at the top of the pier as a lifting point. Irrespective of the tray or the hoop, the structure is matched with the arrangement structure of the upper tensioning jack, so that each lifting rope is connected to the tensioning jack on the pier column and the bridge deck in the vertical direction, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the lifting and lowering of the pier column using the lifting system, ensuring that the pier column is always in the same horizontal position during lifting and lowering, and does not sway, deviate, and the like, thereby affecting the construction efficiency and construction quality of the pier column removal or installation.

[0056] In another technical solution, in the method for quickly replacing the pier column at the beam bottom, S3, before the original pier column is cut, the original pier column is pre-lifted using the lifting system. Specifically, before cutting, the tensioning jack is used to load the original pier column with an upward pre-lifting force, but the position of the original pier column is not changed. At this time, the tension of the sling on the original pier column is less than the weight of the upper pier column segment, so that the pier column segment in the subsequent cutting does not bear pressure on the upper pier column segment, thereby facilitating the control of the cutting quality and cutting safety.

[0057] In another technical solution, in the method for quickly replacing the pier column at the beam bottom, S3, the segmented cutting and removal method of the original pier column comprises:

[0058] S31, the original pier column is divided into multiple segments in the height direction, and a cutting line 23 is arranged between adjacent original pier column segments;

[0059] S32, the original pier column segment at the bottom is separated from the bridge foundation 3 below and the remaining original pier column segments above along the preset cutting line, then the lifting system is used to lift the remaining original pier column segments upward by a set height, and then the moving mechanism is used to pull out the original pier column segment at the bottom out of the bridge site for processing;

[0060] S33, the lifting system is used to lower the remaining original pier column segments to the ground, and then the method in S32 is used to remove the next original pier column segment;

[0061] S34, repeat the steps of S33 until all original pier column segments are removed.

[0062] In the technical solution, the first segment 22 of the original pier column is located at the bottom of the original pier column. When the first round of demolition is performed, two cutting lines exist in the first segment of the original pier column, i.e., a cutting line between the first segment of the original pier column and the underlying bridge foundation and a cutting line between the first segment of the original pier column and the remaining segment 24 (the next segment of the original pier column) of the original pier column. After the two cross sections of the first segment of the original pier column are cut by the cutting device, the first segment of the original pier column is separated from the bridge foundation and the remaining segment 24 (the remaining segment of the original pier column) of the original pier column. At this time, the lifting system is used to lift the remaining segment of the original pier column to a certain height, so that the first segment of the original pier column is completely separated from the remaining segment of the original pier column (not in force with each other) and a moving space is left. Then, the moving mechanism is used to pull and translate the first segment of the original pier column out of the bridge site for environmental drilling, i.e., the demolition of the first segment of the original pier column is completed. The moving mechanism can be a conventional transportation device, such as a beam transport vehicle. In subsequent demolition construction, each round of demolition of the original pier column segment is located at the bottom of the remaining segment of the original pier column. The construction structure is reasonable and convenient to operate. Moreover, the cutting position is away from the upper structure of the bridge by using the lifting system to lower the segment to be demolished to the ground before operation, which further ensures the stability and safety of the pier column demolition construction.

[0063] In another technical solution, in the lifting system, the lifting height of the remaining segment of the original pier column is less than the lifting height of the upper structure of the bridge by the jacking device. Specifically, the purpose of lifting the remaining segment of the original pier column by the lifting system is to separate it from the cut original pier column segment and leave a suitable demolition space. Therefore, the lifting height should not be too high, so as to avoid affecting the stability of the remaining segment of the original pier column in the horizontal direction and avoiding interference or collision between the lifted remaining segment of the original pier column and the upper structure of the bridge. In this embodiment, the lifting height of the remaining segment of the original pier column is set to 2 cm.

[0064] In another technical solution, in the method for quickly replacing the pier column at the bottom of the beam, the segmented installation method of the new pier column comprises:

[0065] S41, the new pier column is segmented and prefabricated according to the structure of the original pier column and design requirements and is transported to the bridge site;

[0066] S42, the moving mechanism is used to pull and move the segment of the new pier column at the top to the bottom of the beam and align it with the upper structure of the bridge;

[0067] S43, the lifting system is used to lift the segment of the new pier column at the top to a set height;

[0068] S44, the moving mechanism is used to pull and move the adjacent segment of the new pier column to the bottom of the beam and align it with the segment of the new pier column above;

[0069] S45. Using the lifting system, the new pier segment located at the top is lowered onto the adjacent new pier segment, and the two new pier segments are fixedly connected to form a new new pier segment located at the top.

[0070] S46. Repeat steps S43-S45 to install the remaining new pier segments in sequence until all new pier segments are installed.

[0071] In the above technical solution, all new pier segments are prefabricated in a factory, which facilitates the fabrication of new piers according to the design structure and dimensions of the original piers. This ensures easy control of structural quality. Furthermore, the demolition of the original piers in S3 and the prefabrication and transportation of the new pier segments in S41 can be carried out simultaneously, significantly improving construction efficiency and effectively saving construction time. Specifically, the new pier segment located at the top of the new pier is designated as the first segment 41 of the new pier (e.g., ...). Figures 4-7 As shown, the first segment of the new pier (which is the new pier cap beam) and the adjacent segment below it is the second segment 42. In S42, the first segment of the new pier is first moved to the installation position of the original pier and aligned with the bridge superstructure and bridge foundation to ensure that the first segment of the new pier can be accurately positioned to the original pier position, avoiding changes in the stress structure after installation that could affect the stability of the overall bridge structure. After positioning, the first segment of the new pier is connected to the lifting system, allowing the lifting system to adjust the height of the first segment of the new pier in the vertical direction. In S43, the positioned and connected first segment of the new pier is lifted upwards a certain distance to make room below, facilitating the positioning and installation of the next new pier segment (i.e., the second segment of the new pier). In S44, the second segment of the new pier can be positioned by the bridge foundation below and the positioning above (horizontally), ensuring the accurate positioning of each newly installed pier segment. In S45, a lifting system is used to lower the first segment of the new pier column until it is flush with the connecting surface of the second segment. Adjacent segments can be bonded together by pouring a connecting joint, forming an integrated pier structure. In S46, steps S43-S45 are repeated for each new pier segment. The installation sequence is from top to bottom, repeating the process of lifting the bonded integrated pier structure and installing the next segment. This ensures that each bonding operation is performed away from the bridge superstructure, minimizing the impact on it. Furthermore, the construction sequence and structure do not interfere with the superstructure, facilitating efficient and smooth pier installation and guaranteeing the quality of installation and connection. This further improves the overall quality of the bridge structure after pier replacement.

[0072] In another technical solution, in the method for quickly replacing pier columns at the bottom of a beam, the lifting height of the new pier column segment at the top by the lifting system is greater than the height of the adjacent new pier column segment in S44. The new pier column segment at the top can be the first new pier column segment or the whole pier column structure after the consolidation of the first new pier column segment and one or more adjacent new pier column segments below according to the construction progress. The lifting height is set to be slightly greater than the height of the next new pier column segment to be installed each time, so as to facilitate the positioning and installation of the new pier column segment below the new pier column segment at the top.

[0073] In another technical solution, in the method for quickly replacing pier columns at the bottom of a beam, the fixed connection of the two new pier column segments in S45 includes the connection of the internal steel bars and the connection of the concrete structures. Specifically, when the two new pier column segments are consolidated, the internal steel bars of the two new pier column segments are first connected in position, and then the formwork is additionally erected at the joint between the adjacent new pier column segments, the grouting is performed inwardly and solidified, so that the concrete structures of the two new pier column segments are also integrated, forming a stable integrated structure, thereby ensuring the stress performance of the whole structure after the segmented installation of the new pier column.

[0074] Although the embodiments of the present application have been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the application listed in the specification and the embodiments, and can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present application. Those skilled in the art can easily realize other modifications, and therefore the present application is not limited to the specific details and the figures shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope.

Claims

1. A method for quickly replacing a pier column at the bottom of a beam, characterized by, include: S1. Erect temporary supports at the bottom of the beam, and install a jacking device between the temporary supports and the superstructure of the bridge. Use the jacking device to lift the superstructure of the bridge to the original pier for unloading. S2. Install a lifting system on the bridge deck; S3. Cut and dismantle the original pier column in sections from bottom to top. Each original pier column segment is lowered to the ground using the lifting system and then cut, until all original pier column segments are dismantled. S4. Install the new pier segments in a top-to-bottom order. Each new pier segment is lifted to a set height using the lifting system and then fixedly connected to the next pier segment until all new pier segments are installed. S5. Securely connect the new pier to the bridge foundation, and then use the jacking device to lower the bridge superstructure back onto the new pier and secure it to it, thus completing the replacement of the bottom pier.

2. The method for rapid replacement of beam bottom pier columns as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting system is positioned corresponding to and directly above the original pier. The lifting system includes a base fixed to the bridge deck; two sets of tension jacks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base. Each set of tension jacks includes one or more tension jacks, which are fixed to the base along the length of the bridge. Each tension jack is connected to a pre-set lifting point on the original or new pier via a hoisting rope, and its height position is adjusted.

3. The method for rapid replacement of beam bottom pier columns as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting points are fixedly installed on the top pier segment, and the lifting ropes connect the corresponding lifting points and tension jacks in a vertical direction.

4. The method for rapid replacement of beam bottom pier columns as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, before the original pier column cutting begins, the lifting system is used to pre-lift the original pier column.

5. The method for rapid replacement of beam bottom pier columns as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the methods for segmented cutting and demolition of the original pier columns include: S31. The original pier column is divided into multiple segments along the height direction, and cutting lines are set between adjacent original pier column segments. S32. Separate the original pier segment at the bottom from the bridge foundation below and the remaining original pier segment above along the preset cutting line. Then, use the lifting system to lift the remaining original pier segment upward to a set height. Then, use the moving mechanism to drag the original pier segment at the bottom out of the bridge site for processing. S33. Use the lifting system to lower the remaining segments of the original pier column to the ground, and then use the method in S32 to dismantle the next segment of the original pier column. S34. Repeat steps S33 until all original pier segments are removed.

6. The method for rapid replacement of beam bottom pier columns as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In S32, the lifting height of the lifting system on the remaining segment of the original pier column is less than the lifting height of the jacking device on the superstructure of the bridge.

7. The method for rapid replacement of beam bottom pier columns as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S4, the segmented installation method for the new pier columns includes: S41. Based on the original pier structure and design requirements, the new piers are prefabricated in sections and transported to the bridge site. S42. Use the moving mechanism to drag the new pier segment located at the top to the bottom of the beam and align it with the bridge superstructure; S43. Use the lifting system to raise the new pier segment at the top to a set height; S44. Use the moving mechanism to drag the adjacent new pier segment to the bottom of the beam and align it with the new pier segment above it; S45. Using the lifting system, the new pier segment at the top is lowered onto the adjacent new pier segment, and the two new pier segments are fixedly connected to form a new new pier segment at the top. S46. Repeat steps S43-S45 to install the remaining new pier segments in sequence until all new pier segments are installed.

8. The method for rapid replacement of beam bottom pier columns as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In S43, the lifting system raises the new pier segment at the top to a greater height than the adjacent new pier segment in S44.

9. The method for rapid replacement of beam bottom pier columns as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In S45, the fixed connection of the two new pier segments includes the connection of the internal steel bars and the connection of the concrete structure.

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