A fixture and test method for woven preform out-of-plane tensile property testing

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of fixture for weaving preform surface tensile property test, including two oppositely arranged U-shaped fixed frame, the side plate of the fixed frame is fixedly installed connecting rod, two symmetrically arranged clamping blocks are movably inserted on the connecting rod;The side of the clamping block towards textile composite preform sample is provided with clamping surface, and the other side is pressure surface;Clamping surface is the inclined plane inclined to loading direction, the outside of pressure surface is provided with pressure plate and bears the pressure of pressure plate, so as to fix the position of textile composite preform sample;Pressure plate and side plate are positioned and fixed by movable connecting device, the position of pressure plate is adjusted by movable connecting device;It also includes the test method using the above-mentioned fixture.The present application can be used for testing the surface tensile property of textile composite preform and its composite material with higher surface tensile strength by mechanical clamping mode to fix sample, and the premature failure of sample caused by too small clamping force can be effectively avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of composite material testing device, and is used for testing the out-of-plane tensile property of textile composite material preform, in particular to a clamp for testing the out-of-plane tensile property of woven preform and a test method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Textile composite material has the advantages of high strength, high modulus and strong designability, and is a hot spot of current attention and research in the field of aerospace. Based on the characteristics of textile composite material, the antenna cover of the aerospace vehicle actively researched and developed at home and abroad in recent years has adopted three-dimensional woven composite material, which is convenient to prepare, has low cost and good performance.

[0003] The antenna cover is a key component of the aerospace vehicle, mainly integrating multiple functions such as bearing, heat protection, wave transmission and corrosion resistance, and is the basis guarantee for the safety and controllability of the vehicle. Therefore, the regulation of related properties is very important in the process of designing and preparing three-dimensional woven composite material. Among them, the antenna cover of the aerospace vehicle usually needs to have high out-of-plane bearing capacity, especially the out-of-plane tensile strength, in the actual use process. At present, there are few clamps for testing the out-of-plane tensile property of this material at home and abroad, and most of the clamps have the problem of weak connection between the sample and the clamp, which cannot be well used for testing the out-of-plane tensile property of the preform and composite material with high out-of-plane tensile strength. In view of this problem, it is urgent to design a clamp that can be applied to the out-of-plane tensile property of the preform and composite material with high out-of-plane tensile strength, which has significant application value and engineering significance.

[0004] The patent application with the application number "CN202010346839.6" and the title "Three-dimensional woven composite material out-of-plane tensile property testing device and method" discloses a three-dimensional woven composite material out-of-plane tensile property testing device, which includes two metal reinforcing blocks respectively bonded with the end faces of the two ends of the composite material test piece, two clamping assemblies respectively clamping the two ends of the composite material test piece, and a positioning assembly preventing the relative movement of the metal reinforcing block and the clamping assembly located at the same end of the composite material test piece along the tensile direction during the tensile test. The testing device provided by the patent provides clamping pressure to the two ends of the composite material test piece through the clamping assembly. When the test piece is subjected to out-of-plane tensile load, friction will be generated between the clamping assembly and the end face of the test piece. This part of the friction force is used to offset a part of the load, thereby reducing the load borne by the adhesive, so as to avoid the adhesive from opening. In addition, the testing device uses friction force to bear a part of the load instead of the adhesive, which can reduce the ratio of the bonding area to the cross-sectional area of the test section to a certain extent, and has a higher utilization rate for expensive three-dimensional woven composite materials. However, the application is mainly suitable for testing the out-of-plane tensile mechanical properties of composite materials, and is not suitable for testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of preforms. Secondly, the connection method in the application has a significant risk of opening, so the testing device cannot solve the problem of testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of preforms and high out-of-plane tensile strength composite materials, and its application range and value are limited to a certain extent.

[0005] The utility model patent application with the application number "201721362761" and the title "Combined tool for building sealing material sample preparation and testing" discloses a combined tool for building sealing material sample preparation and testing, which includes a fixed base, a tension clamp, a test sample block, and a bolt. The fixed base is internally provided with the tension clamp, and the tension clamp is internally provided with the test sample block. The fixed base is provided with three screw holes on each side, and the screw holes are symmetrically designed. One side of the tension clamp is provided with screw holes corresponding to the screw holes of the fixed base. The bolt is arranged in the screw holes of the fixed base and the tension clamp. The tension clamp is internally provided with baffles at both ends. The combined tool can only be used for sealing material sample preparation and testing in the field of building. The combined tool is provided with a fixed base, and cannot be further used for testing the tensile strength of the material. Therefore, the application range of the combined tool is limited.

[0006] In summary, it is necessary to design a clamp that can be used for the out-of-plane tensile properties of preforms and composite materials with high out-of-plane tensile strength. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application provides a clamp and test method for testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of woven preforms, which has high clamping force, is convenient to adjust according to test requirements, and has a simple structure.

[0008] The application comprises the following technical solutions:

[0009] A fixture for testing the out-of-plane tensile property of a woven preform, comprising two oppositely arranged U-shaped fixed frames, connecting rods fixedly installed on the side plates of the fixed frames, and two symmetrically arranged clamping blocks movably inserted on the connecting rods; the clamping blocks are provided with clamping surfaces on the side facing the textile composite preform sample and pressure surfaces on the other side; the clamping surfaces are inclined surfaces inclined towards the loading direction, and the pressure surfaces are provided with pressure plates on the outer side and bear the pressure of the pressure plates to fix the position of the textile composite preform sample; the pressure plates and the side plates are positioned and fixed by means of movable connecting devices to adjust the position of the pressure plates.

[0010] Further, the fixed frame comprises two side plates and a horizontal plate arranged at one end of the side plates, and a vertical plate is arranged in the middle of the horizontal plate; the vertical plate is used to connect the mechanical property testing machine and is opposite to the extension direction of the side plates; the fixed frame is integrally cast to ensure that it will not be broken due to tension in the mechanical property test.

[0011] Further, two connecting rod holes with their centers connected in parallel to the ground are arranged on each side plate, and the connecting rod holes on the two side plates are coaxially arranged; the two ends of the two connecting rods pass through the connecting rod holes and are fixed on the side plates by nuts.

[0012] Further, a standard scale is arranged on the front surface of the horizontal plate to ensure the axial alignment of the sample and the fixture when clamping the sample.

[0013] Further, a top plate fastening screw hole is further arranged in the middle of the horizontal plate and is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical plate; a top plate fastening screw passes through the top plate fastening screw hole and has a top plate at the end thereof, and the top plate is arranged at the end of the clamped textile composite preform sample, so that the resin curing section of the sample is clamped more firmly and the sample is prevented from moving up and down; a screw hole connected with the top plate fastening screw is arranged on the top plate.

[0014] Further, the middle part of the textile composite preform sample is a sample test section, and the two ends are resin curing sections with trapezoidal longitudinal sections; metal reinforcing sheets are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the resin curing sections to ensure the strength of the two sides of the resin curing section; the clamping surface and the side surface of the resin curing section of the textile composite preform sample are provided with the same inclination angle.

[0015] Further, the upper end vertical part of the clamping block is provided with a bearing, and two clamping blocks are symmetrically installed in the middle part of the connecting rod with the clamping surfaces facing each other through the bearing, so as to clamp the resin curing section of the textile composite material preform sample; two bearings are symmetrically installed on the upper clamping block, and the clamping block is provided with a connecting hole corresponding to the bearing; the upper and lower sides of each bearing are respectively provided with a bearing fastening screw, and the clamping block is provided with a connecting hole corresponding to the bearing fastening screw.

[0016] Further, the movable connecting device is a pressing plate fastening bolt which is screwed into the pressing plate fastening bolt hole of the side plate; the center of the pressing plate is provided with a bolt hole connected with the pressing plate fastening bolt, and the pressing plate is installed near the opening of the fixed frame through the pressing plate fastening bolt; the end of the side plate is provided with a protrusion outward, so as to lengthen the length of the pressing plate fastening bolt hole to ensure that the pressing plate fastening bolt can be kept horizontal.

[0017] Further, the bearing is a two-face cutting flange linear bearing; the bearing fastening screw is an internal hexagonal flower-shaped cylindrical head screw; the nut is a hexagonal flange surface locking nut; the pressing plate fastening bolt is a full-thread hexagonal head bolt; and the top plate fastening screw is a cross-cutting slot flat head screw.

[0018] A test method for testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of a woven preform, which uses the above-mentioned clamp to test the textile composite material preform sample, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1: preparing the sample; cutting the textile composite material preform into the required appropriate size, curing the two end ladder sections of the cut sample in room temperature resin, and then pasting metal reinforcing sheets on the left and right sides of the upper and lower end ladder sections of the sample;

[0020] S2: installing the clamp and adjusting the clamping distance; using a mechanical property testing machine to clamp the vertical plate of the fixed frame of the clamp, and adjusting the distance between the upper and lower fixed frames to the required distance for clamping the sample through the mechanical property testing machine;

[0021] S3: installing the sample; after adjusting the required distance for clamping the sample, vertically placing the prepared sample in the middle of the clamp, so that the upper and lower ends of the textile composite material preform sample are respectively located in the middle of the clamping block, and the clamping surface of the clamping block is in contact with the surface of the metal reinforcing sheet at the two ends of the sample;

[0022] S4: Clamp the sample; Adjust the fastening bolts of the pressure plate to make the pressure surfaces on the pressure plate and the clamping block fit together. On this basis, continue to adjust the fastening bolts of the pressure plate to drive the clamping block to clamp the sample. To ensure the axial alignment between the textile composite preform sample and the fixture, refer to the standard scale on the fixed frame and adjust the fastening bolts of the pressure plate to ensure that the distance from the clamping blocks on the left and right sides of the sample to the zero mark on the standard scale is equal.

[0023] S5: Fix the sample; adjust the top plate fastening screws on the fixing frame to make the top plate and the end face of the sample fit together, ensuring that the sample will not move up and down.

[0024] S6: Calibrate the experimental equipment, adjust the clamping state of the sample, set the relevant test parameters, and begin the out-of-plane tensile property test of the textile composite preform sample.

[0025] Furthermore, the appropriate size for cutting the preform in step S1 is 50mm×50mm×36mm; the required distance for clamping the sample in step S2 is 10.24mm, which is the distance between the bottom surfaces of the side plates of the upper and lower fixed frames.

[0026] Furthermore, the installation of the fixture in step S2 includes the following steps:

[0027] T1: Install the bearing onto the clamping block using bearing fastening screws to form assembly A;

[0028] T2: Pass the connecting rod through the bearing and install the two assemblies A symmetrically with their clamping surfaces facing each other;

[0029] T3: Pass both ends of the connecting rod with two assemblies A through the connecting rod holes on the fixing frame, and then fix them with nuts respectively;

[0030] T4: Pass the pressure plate fastening bolts through the pressure plate fastening bolt holes on the fixing frame and install them on the pressure plate, wherein the pressure plate is located on the outside of the clamping block;

[0031] T5: Pass the top plate fastening screws through the top plate fastening screw holes on the fixing frame and install them on the top plate;

[0032] T6: Repeat steps T1 to T5 to complete the installation of parts with the same configuration on another fixed frame;

[0033] T7: Install the assembled upper and lower clamps onto the mechanical property testing machine, which then clamps the vertical plate on the fixed frame.

[0034] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0035] 1、The present application fixes the sample through the adjustable mechanical clamping mode, the clamping force from the horizontal direction is applied to the resin curing section of the two ends of the sample through the pressing plate and the clamping block, and the clamping force in the vertical direction is applied to the resin curing section through the top plate to ensure that the sample does not move up and down; compared with other existing clamps, the present application has higher clamping force, can be used for testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of the textile composite preform and the composite material with high out-of-plane tensile strength, and can effectively avoid the sample debonding caused by too small clamping force, and fills the technical gap for testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of the high out-of-plane tensile strength textile composite.

[0036] 2、The clamp design of the present application can ensure that the geometric size of the sample clamping section (i.e. the resin curing section) is unchanged, and the geometric size of the sample test section can be adjusted to a certain extent according to the actual test requirements, which is convenient for meeting the test of the out-of-plane tensile properties of different specifications of samples.

[0037] 3、The resin curing section of the textile composite preform sample tested by the present application can be ensured to have high strength on both sides through the setting of metal reinforcing sheets, thereby improving the test success rate.

[0038] 4、The present application sets a standard scale on the front surface of the horizontal plate, and ensures that the distance between the clamping blocks on the left and right sides of the sample and the zero scale line on the standard scale is equal when clamping the sample, so as to ensure the axial alignment of the sample and the clamp when clamping the sample.

[0039] 5、The overall structure of the clamp of the present application is simple, the parts are designed regularly, easy to process, disassemble and maintain, low cost, and has good engineering application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 is the overall three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the clamp of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the fixed frame of the present application;

[0042] Figure 3 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the sample tested by the present application;

[0043] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the clamping assembly of the present application;

[0044] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the structure enlarged schematic diagram of part A in

[0045] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the limiting assembly of the present application;

[0046] In the figure, 1 - sample; 11 - sample test section; 12 - resin curing section; 13 - reinforcing sheet;

[0047] 2 - fixed frame; 21 - vertical plate; 22 - horizontal plate; 23 - side plate; 24 - standard scale; 25 - top plate fastening screw hole; 26 - connecting rod hole; 27 - pressing plate fastening bolt hole;

[0048] 3 - clamping block; 31 - clamping surface; 32 - pressing surface; 33 - bearing; 34 - bearing fastening screw;

[0049] 4 - connecting rod; 41 - nut; 5 - pressing plate; 51 - pressing plate fastening bolt;

[0050] 6 - top plate; 61 - top plate fastening screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to further disclose the invention content, features and effects of the present application, the following examples are given and described in detail in conjunction with the drawings.

[0052] Embodiment: refer to the attached Figures 1-6 A clamp for testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of a textile composite preform, comprising: a textile composite preform sample 1, a fixed frame 2, a clamping block 3, a connecting rod 4, a pressing plate 5, a top plate 6; wherein the fixed frame 2 is located at the upper and lower ends of the sample 1, the fixed frame 2 is integrally cast into a cast shape, and two U-shaped fixed frames 2 are oppositely arranged; the fixed frame 2 comprises: a vertical plate 21, a horizontal plate 22, a side plate 23, a standard scale 24, a top plate fastening screw hole 25, a connecting rod hole 26, and a pressing plate fastening bolt hole 27; the vertical plate 21 is arranged in the middle of the horizontal plate 22, the side plate 23 is arranged at both ends of the horizontal plate 22, and the standard scale 24 is located on the front of the horizontal plate 22; the clamping block 3 is symmetrically installed in the middle of the connecting rod 4; the connecting rod 4 passes through the connecting rod hole 26 and is fixedly connected to the side plate 23 of the fixed frame 2 through the nut 41; the pressing plate 5 is installed outside the clamping block 3; the top plate 6 is installed on the top of the textile composite preform sample 1. The top plate fastening screw hole 25 is located in the middle of the horizontal plate 22 and is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical plate 21; each of the side plates 23 is provided with two connecting rod holes 26 whose centers are connected and parallel to the ground, the two connecting rod holes 26 are arranged in parallel on the side plate 23, the connecting rod holes 26 on the left and right side plates 23 are coaxial, and the pressing plate fastening bolt hole 27 is located in the middle of the protruding part of the side plate 23.

[0053] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, the textile composite preform sample 1 includes a sample test section 11, a resin curing section 12, and a reinforcing sheet 13. The overall shape of the textile composite preform sample 1 is dumbbell-shaped, the sample test section 11 is located in the middle of the sample 1 and is in the shape of a cube, the resin curing section 12 is located at both ends of the sample 1 and is in the shape of a ladder, the resin curing section 12 is cured by using normal temperature resin to facilitate the stability of clamping, and the reinforcing sheet 13 is pasted on the left and right inclined side surfaces of the resin curing section 12 at the upper and lower ends of the sample 1, respectively, and is in the shape of a trapezoid.

[0054] As shown in the figure, Figure 4 and 5 As shown in the figure, the clamping block 3 includes a clamping surface 31, a pressing surface 32, a bearing 33, and a bearing fastening screw 34. The clamping surface 31 has the same inclination angle as the inclined surface of the resin curing section 12 of the textile composite preform sample 1, the pressing surface 32 is the lower end of the vertical surface on the outside of the clamping block 3, the bearing 33 is installed on the vertical part at the upper end of the clamping block 3, two bearings 33 are symmetrically installed on one clamping block 3, the clamping block 3 is provided with corresponding bearing 33 connection holes, the bearing fastening screw 34 is located on the upper and lower sides of each bearing 33, connecting the bearing 33 and the clamping block 3, the clamping block 3 is provided with corresponding bearing fastening screw 34 connection holes, and the connecting rod 4 is symmetrically installed in the middle of the connecting rod 4 by the bearings 33 fixed on the clamping block 3 with the clamping surfaces 31 facing each other.

[0055] As shown in the figure, Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the pressing plate 5 includes a pressing plate fastening bolt 51, and the top plate 6 includes a top plate fastening screw 61. The pressing plate 5 is located on the outside of the clamping block 3 and cooperates with the pressing surface 32, the pressing plate fastening bolt 51 passes through the pressing plate fastening bolt hole 27 on the clamping block 3 and is connected with the pressing plate 3, the center of the pressing plate 5 is provided with a bolt hole connected with the pressing plate fastening bolt 51, the top plate 6 is located at both ends of the clamped textile composite preform sample 1, the top plate fastening screw 61 passes through the top plate fastening screw hole 25 on the fixed frame 2 and is connected with the top plate 6, and the top plate 6 is provided with a screw hole connected with the top plate fastening screw 61.

[0056] As a supplement to the case, the bearing 33 is preferably a two-face cutting flange linear bearing with certain bearing capacity and can slide, the bearing fastening screw 34 is preferably an internal hexagonal flower-shaped cylindrical head screw, the nut 41 is preferably a hexagonal flange face locking nut, the pressing plate fastening bolt 51 is preferably a full-thread hexagonal head bolt, and the top plate fastening screw 61 is preferably a cross-cutting slot flat head screw.

[0057] A test method for testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of a woven preform, using the above-mentioned fixture to test a textile composite preform sample, comprising the following steps:

[0058] S1: Prepare the sample; cut the textile composite preform to the desired size, for example 50mm x 50mm x 36mm, and place the cut sample 1 into the normal temperature resin for curing, then paste the metal reinforcing sheet 13 on the left and right sides of the upper and lower end ladders of the sample 1;

[0059] S2: Install the fixture and adjust the clamping distance; use the mechanical property testing machine to clamp the vertical plate 21 of the fixed frame 2, and adjust the distance between the upper and lower fixed frames 2 to the required distance for clamping the sample 1; for example, the distance between the bottom surfaces of the side plates 23 of the two fixed frames 2 reserved in the 50mm x 50mm x 36mm sample is 10.24mm.

[0060] S3: Install the sample; after adjusting the required distance for clamping the sample 1, place the prepared sample 1 vertically in the middle of the fixture, so that the upper and lower ends of the textile composite preform sample 1 are located in the middle of the clamping block 3, and the clamping surface 31 of the clamping block 3 is in contact with the surface of the metal reinforcing sheet 13 at both ends of the sample 1;

[0061] S4: Clamping the sample; adjust the pressing plate fastening bolt 51 respectively, so that the pressing surface 32 of the pressing plate 5 and the clamping block 3 are in contact, and then continue to adjust the pressing plate fastening bolt 51 to drive the clamping block 3 to clamp the sample 1; in order to ensure the axial alignment between the textile composite preform sample 1 and the fixture, adjust the pressing plate fastening bolt 51 according to the standard scale 24 on the fixed frame 2, and ensure that the distance between the clamping blocks 3 on the left and right sides of the sample 1 and the zero scale line on the standard scale 24 is equal;

[0062] S5: Fix the sample; adjust the top plate fastening screw 61 on the fixed frame 2, so that the top plate 6 is in contact with the end surface of the sample 1, and ensure that the sample 1 does not move up and down;

[0063] S6: Calibrate the test equipment, adjust the clamping state of the sample 1, set the relevant test parameters, and start the out-of-plane tensile property test of the textile composite preform sample.

[0064] As a supplement to the case, the step S2 of installing the fixture comprises the following steps:

[0065] T1: Install the bearing 33 on the clamping block 3 through the bearing fastening screw 34 to form a combined part A;

[0066] T2: Pass the connecting rod 4 through the bearing 33, and symmetrically install two combined parts A with the clamping surfaces 31 facing each other;

[0067] T3: pass the two ends of the connecting rod 4, on which two assemblies A are mounted, through the connecting rod holes 26 on the fixed frame 2 respectively, and then fix them with nuts 41 respectively;

[0068] T4: pass the pressing plate fastening bolt 51 through the pressing plate fastening bolt hole 27 on the fixed frame 2 and mount it on the pressing plate 5, which is located outside the clamping block 3;

[0069] T5: pass the top plate fastening screw 61 through the top plate fastening screw hole 25 on the fixed frame 2 and mount it on the top plate 6;

[0070] T6: repeat steps T1-T5 to complete the installation of the same components on the other fixed frame 2;

[0071] T7: mount the assembled upper half clamp and lower half clamp on the mechanical property testing machine respectively, and the mechanical property testing machine clamps the vertical plate 21 provided on the fixed frame 2.

[0072] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application are described above, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many forms under the inspiration of the present application without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope protected by the claims. These all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fixture for testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of woven prefabricated bodies, characterized in that: The device includes two U-shaped fixing frames (2) arranged opposite to each other. A connecting rod (4) is fixedly installed on the side plate (23) of the fixing frame (2). Two symmetrically arranged clamping blocks (3) are movably inserted on the connecting rod (4). The clamping block (3) has a clamping surface (31) on one side facing the textile composite preform sample (1) and a pressure surface (32) on the other side. The clamping surface (31) is an inclined surface that is inclined in the loading direction. A pressure plate (5) is provided on the outside of the pressure surface (32) and bears the pressure of the pressure plate (5), thereby fixing the textile composite preform sample. The position of the sample (1); the pressure plate (5) and the side plate (23) are positioned and fixed by a movable connecting device, and the position of the pressure plate (5) is adjusted by the movable connecting device; the middle part of the sample (1) is the sample test section (11), and the two ends are resin curing sections (12) with a trapezoidal longitudinal section. Metal reinforcing plates (13) are attached to the left and right sides of the resin curing section (12); the clamping surface (31) and the side of the resin curing section (12) of the sample (1) are provided with the same tilt angle; the fixing frame (2) includes two side plates (23) and is set with A horizontal plate (22) at one end of the side plate (23), with a vertical plate (21) in the middle of the horizontal plate (22); the vertical plate (21) is used to connect the mechanical property testing machine and extends in the opposite direction to the side plate (23); the horizontal plate (22) also has a top plate fastening screw hole (25) in the middle, and is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical plate (21); the top plate fastening screw (61) passes through the top plate fastening screw hole (25) and has a top plate (6) at its end, the top plate (6) being located at the end of the clamped textile composite preform sample (1); the clamping block (3) has... Bearings (33) are installed on the vertical part of the end, and two clamping blocks (3) are symmetrically installed in the middle of the connecting rod (4) with their clamping surfaces (31) facing each other through the bearings (33); two bearings (33) are symmetrically installed on one clamping block (3), and each clamping block (3) is provided with a connecting hole corresponding to the bearing (33); bearing fastening screws (34) are provided on the upper and lower sides of each bearing (33); the movable connecting device is a pressure plate fastening bolt (51) threadedly connected to the pressure plate fastening bolt hole (27) on the side plate (23).

2. The fixture for testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of woven prefabricated bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed frame (2) is integrally cast.

3. A fixture for testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of woven prefabricated bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front of the horizontal plate (22) is provided with standard scale.

4. A fixture for testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of woven prefabricated bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each clamping block (3) is provided with a connection hole corresponding to the bearing fastening screw (34).

5. A fixture for testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of woven prefabricated bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure plate (5) has a bolt hole at its center that is connected to the pressure plate fastening bolt (51). The pressure plate (5) is installed near the opening of the fixed frame (2) by the pressure plate fastening bolt (51). The side plate (23) has an outward protrusion at its end.

6. A test method for testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of woven preforms, comprising testing a textile composite preform specimen using a fixture as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Prepare the sample; cut the textile composite preform to the required size, put the stepped portions of the cut sample (1) into room temperature resin for curing, and then attach metal reinforcing sheets (13) to the left and right sides of the stepped portions at the upper and lower ends of the sample (1). S2: Install the fixture and adjust the clamping distance; use a mechanical performance testing machine to clamp the vertical plate (21) of the fixture's fixed frame (2), and adjust the distance between the upper and lower fixed frames (2) to the distance required to clamp the sample (1) using the mechanical performance testing machine; S3: Install the sample; After adjusting the required distance for clamping the sample (1), place the prepared sample (1) vertically in the middle of the clamp, so that the upper and lower ends of the textile composite preform sample (1) are respectively located in the middle of the clamping block (3), and the clamping surface (31) of the clamping block (3) and the surface of the metal reinforcing sheet (13) at both ends of the sample (1) are in contact. S4: Clamping the sample; Adjust the pressure plate fastening bolts (51) respectively to make the pressure plate (5) and the pressure surface (32) on the clamping block (3) fit together. On this basis, continue to adjust the pressure plate fastening bolts (51) to drive the clamping block (3) to clamp the sample (1). Adjust the pressure plate fastening bolts (51) according to the standard scale (24) on the fixed frame (2) to ensure that the distance from the clamping block (3) on the left and right sides of the sample (1) to the zero scale line on the standard scale (24) is equal. S5: Fix the sample; adjust the top plate fastening screws (61) on the fixing frame (2) so that the top plate (6) and the end face of the sample (1) fit together to ensure that the sample (1) will not move up and down. S6: Calibrate the experimental equipment, adjust the clamping state of the sample (1), set the test parameters, and start the out-of-plane tensile performance test of the textile composite preform sample (1).

7. The test method for testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of woven prefabricated bodies according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preform cut in step S1 is 50mm×50mm×36mm; the required distance for clamping the sample (1) in step S2 is 10.24mm, which is the distance between the bottom surfaces of the side plates (23) of the upper and lower fixed frames (2).

8. The test method for testing the out-of-plane tensile properties of woven prefabricated bodies according to claim 6, characterized in that: The installation of the fixture in step S2 includes the following steps: T1: Install the bearing (33) onto the clamping block (3) using the bearing fastening screw (34) to form assembly A; T2: Pass the connecting rod (4) through the bearing (33) and install the two assemblies A symmetrically with the clamping surfaces (31) facing each other; T3: Pass both ends of the connecting rod (4) with two assemblies A through the connecting rod holes (26) on the fixing frame (2) respectively, and then fix them with nuts (41); T4: Pass the pressure plate fastening bolt (51) through the pressure plate fastening bolt hole (27) on the fixing frame (2) and install it on the pressure plate (5), which is located on the outside of the clamping block (3); T5: Pass the top plate fastening screw (61) through the top plate fastening screw hole (25) on the fixing frame (2) and install it on the top plate (6); T6: Repeat steps T1 to T5 to complete the installation of the same configuration of parts on another fixed frame (2); T7: Install the assembled upper and lower clamps onto the mechanical performance testing machine. The mechanical performance testing machine clamps the vertical plate (21) on the fixed frame (2).

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