A blockchain-based unmanned aerial vehicle access control method

Abstract

The application relates to a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle access control methods based on blockchain, belong to the field of blockchain technology.The method comprises the following steps: S1: 5G cellular base station configures gNB blockchain network, and deploys smart contract;S2: UxNB sends network assistance C2 link to 5G cellular base station and sends network access request message to carry out identity registration;S3: the UxNB of successful registration is associated with gNB and constructs UxNB blockchain network;S4: based on correlation algorithm determines the association strategy of UAV device and UxNB;S5: UAV device sends network access request message to associated UxNB and carries out identity registration;S6: UxNB and 5G cellular base station interact;S7: inquires the access control strategy of UAV device in UxNB blockchain network;S8: UxNB forwards access request to 5G cellular base station through network assistance C2 link, and inquires the access control strategy of UAV device in gNB blockchain network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of blockchain technology and relates to a blockchain-based method for controlling drone access. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, due to advancements in drone manufacturing technology and cost reductions, drones have gained widespread application in both civilian and military fields. In wireless communication systems, drones can be used as relay nodes to provide on-demand communication services to users. However, the security and reliability of drone access control remain critical issues. Traditional drone access control methods often employ cryptographic authentication and data encryption technologies, but these methods suffer from security problems such as information leakage, attacks, and tampering.

[0003] Blockchain technology is a decentralized, immutable, distributed ledger technology widely used in fields such as digital currency, smart contracts, and the Internet of Things. In drone access control, blockchain technology can be used to store UxNB identifiers, UAV device identifiers, and UAV device access control policies. By adopting a blockchain-based drone access control method, communication security, reliability, and efficiency can be achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a blockchain-based UAV access control method, which constructs a gNB blockchain network and a UxNB blockchain network, uses the blockchain network to store information such as UxNB identifiers and UAV device identifiers, designs access control strategies for UAV devices, and constructs a secure and reliable UAV device access control system. This enables authentication of UAV devices and UxNBs and access control management of UAV devices, effectively avoiding single-point-of-failure problems in centralized architectures.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A blockchain-based drone access control method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: 5G cellular base stations are equipped with gNB blockchain networks and smart contracts are deployed;

[0008] S2: The UxNB sends a network access request message to the 5G cellular base station for identity registration via the network-assisted C2 link;

[0009] S3: Registered UxNB and gNB build the UxNB blockchain network and deploy smart contracts;

[0010] S4: Determine the association strategy between UAV devices and UxNBs based on the association algorithm;

[0011] S5: The UAV device sends a network access request message to the associated UxNB to register its identity;

[0012] S6: UxNB interacts with 5G cellular base stations to determine access control policies for its associated UAV devices and stores them in the UxNB blockchain network and gNB blockchain network;

[0013] S7: The UAV device sends an access request message to the associated UxNB. The UxNB receives the access request message sent by the UAV device and queries the access control policy of the UAV device in the UxNB blockchain network.

[0014] S8: The UxNB forwards the access request to the 5G cellular base station through the network-assisted C2 link. The 5G cellular base station receives the access request message forwarded by the UxNB and queries the access control policy of the UAV device in the gNB blockchain network.

[0015] Optionally, in step S1, the gNB blockchain network stores the UxNB identifier, UAV device identifier, and access control policy; the smart contracts deployed by the 5G cellular base station include a registration contract, a device association contract, and a policy contract. The registration contract is used to implement UxNB identity registration management and defines the following functions:

[0016] (1) Registration function: UxNB completes the UxNB registration by interacting with this function and obtains a unique identifier;

[0017] (2) Cancellation function: UxNBs can complete the cancellation of an authenticated UxNB by interacting with this function;

[0018] (3) Query function: UxNB can query the attribute information of UxNB by interacting with this function;

[0019] The device association contract defines the device association function. The 5G cellular base station interacts with this function and stores the association relationship between the UAV device and the UxNB, as well as between the UxNB and the 5G cellular base station.

[0020] The strategy contract is used to implement access control for UAV devices, and defines the following functions:

[0021] (1) Access control policy function: The 5G cellular base station interacts with this function to define the access control policy for the UAV device;

[0022] (2) Access control revocation function: used to revoke the access control permission of UAV device. If the UAV device fails the authentication, its access request permission will be revoked and the access request will be rejected.

[0023] (3) Data access control management function: used to store or update access control policies in the policy contract;

[0024] (4) Data access control query function: used to query the access control policy in the policy contract.

[0025] Optionally, in S2, the UxNB sends a network access request message to the 5G cellular base station through the network-assisted C2 link. The network access request message includes a network access request message identifier, a UxNB identifier, and current timestamp information.

[0026] Optionally, in step S3, the UxNB blockchain network stores UAV device identifiers and access control policies; the UxNB blockchain smart contract includes a registration contract and a policy contract; the registration contract is used to implement UAV device identity registration management, and defines the following functions:

[0027] (1) Registration function: UAV devices complete UAV device registration by interacting with this function and obtain a unique identifier;

[0028] (2) Cancellation function: UAV devices can complete the cancellation of the authenticated UAV device by interacting with this function;

[0029] (3) Query function: UAV devices can interact with this function to query the attribute information of the UAV devices;

[0030] The strategy contract defines the following functions:

[0031] (1) Access control policy function: UxNB interacts with this function to define access control policies for UAV devices;

[0032] (2) Access control revocation function: used to revoke the access control permission of UAV device. If the UAV device fails the authentication, its access request permission will be revoked and the access request will be rejected.

[0033] (3) Access control management function: used to store or update access control policies in the policy contract;

[0034] (4) Access control query function: used to query the access control policy in the policy contract.

[0035] Optionally, in S4, it is assumed that the system contains M UAV devices and K UxNBs, and the m-th UAV device is represented as UAV. m The position coordinates are (x m ,y m ,h m ), 1≤m≤M; the k-th UxNB is represented as UxNB k The position coordinates are (x′) k ,y′ k ,h k), 1≤k≤K; Assume that the UxNB connects to multiple UAV devices; The association algorithm is used to determine the association strategy between the UAV devices and the UxNB, specifically including the following steps:

[0036] S41: Modeling the rate at which UAV devices connect to the UxNB

[0037] (1) Modeling the channel model

[0038] Let h m,k UAV m With UxNB k The channel gain between them is modeled as follows: in, They represent UAV m With UxNB k The line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight transmission probabilities are modeled as follows: Where a and b are constants, θ m,k UAV m With UxNB k The elevation angle of the link between them is modeled as follows: Where, d m,k UAV m With UxNB k The distance between them is modeled as follows: UAV m With UxNB k The line-of-sight link channel gain between them is modeled as follows: Among them, f c It is the carrier frequency, c is the speed of light, and ζ is the carrier frequency. L It is the additional path loss of the line-of-sight link caused by shadow fading; UAV m With UxNB k The non-line-of-sight link channel gain between them is modeled as follows: Where ζ N It is the additional path loss of non-line-of-sight links caused by shadow fading;

[0039] (2) Modeling the rate at which UAV devices connect to UxNB

[0040] Let R m,k UAV m Access UxNB k The rate is modeled as: Among them, B k UxNB k bandwidth, p m UAV m The transmission power;

[0041] S42: UAV device associated with UxNB

[0042] UAV m Choose the UxNB with the optimal transmission rate for access, i.e. UAV m Select UxNB k* Establish a connection.

[0043] Optionally, in step S5, the network access request message sent by the UAV device includes a network access request message identifier, a UAV device identifier, a UxNB identifier associated with the UAV device, and current timestamp information.

[0044] Optionally, in S6, the UAV device access control policy determined by the interaction between the UxNB and the 5G cellular base station includes: access permission control, priority control, and user number limit, specifically:

[0045] (1) Access control: Determine whether the user has access permission, such as whether identity authentication has been completed;

[0046] (2) Priority control: Set different priorities for different types of users, and make access control judgments based on user priorities to ensure that high-priority users have priority access;

[0047] (3) User number limit: Set the access user number limit. If the number of access users reaches the threshold, the access control judgment is made according to the priority of the new user. If the new user has a low priority, the access is rejected. If the new user has a high priority and meets other access conditions, the new user is allowed to access and the low priority users in the system are switched to other 5G base stations.

[0048] Optionally, in step S7, the UxNB receives the access request message sent by the UAV device and queries the access control policy of the UAV device in the UxNB blockchain network. Specifically, if the UAV device meets the access control requirements, step S8 is executed; otherwise, the UxNB returns a rejection request to the UAV device. The UAV device access request message includes: an access request message identifier, a UAV device identifier, a UxNB identifier, and a current timestamp.

[0049] Optionally, in step S8, the 5G cellular base station receives the access request message forwarded by the UxNB and queries the access control policy of the UAV device in the gNB blockchain network. Specifically, if the UAV device meets the access requirements, the 5G cellular base station returns an access consent message to the UxNB through the network-assisted C2 link. After receiving the confirmation message, the UxNB forwards it to the UAV device. Otherwise, the 5G cellular base station returns an access rejection message to the UxNB through the network-assisted C2 link. After receiving the message, the UxNB rejects the access request of the UAV device.

[0050] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention introduces blockchain technology to construct a secure and reliable UAV access control system, building a blockchain network including a gNB blockchain network and a UxNB blockchain network. The blockchain network stores UxNB identifiers, UAV device identifiers, and access control policies, enabling authentication of UAV devices and UxNBs, and access control management of UAV devices. This effectively avoids single-point attacks and overcomes the single-point failure problem of centralized entities, giving the access control system characteristics such as security, scalability, lightweight, and fine-grainedness. Simultaneously, based on an association algorithm, the association strategy between UAV devices and UxNBs is determined, providing high-speed and reliable transmission for UAV devices.

[0051] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system scenario built according to the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 A blockchain model diagram for this invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the blockchain-based drone access control method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0057] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0058] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] Please see Figures 1-3 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system scenario built according to the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system contains multiple 5G cellular base stations, multiple UxNBs, and multiple UAV devices. Each UAV device sends an access request message to its associated UxNB. The UxNB queries the UAV device's access control policy in the UxNB blockchain network. If the access conditions are met, the UxNB forwards the access request to the 5G cellular base station via the network-assisted C2 link. The system then queries the UAV device's access control policy in the gNB blockchain network. If the access conditions are met, the UAV device accesses the 5G cellular base station.

[0060] Figure 2 The blockchain model diagram constructed for this invention is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the blockchain network includes the gNB blockchain network and the UxNB blockchain network, wherein:

[0061] gNB Blockchain Network: The gNB blockchain network is built on Hyperledger Fabric, with 5G cellular base stations serving as nodes in the gNB blockchain. The gNB blockchain network stores information such as UxNB identifiers, UAV device identifiers, and access control policies. The smart contracts deployed on the 5G cellular base stations include registration contracts, device association contracts, and policy contracts.

[0062] UxNB Blockchain Network: The UxNB blockchain network is built on Hyperledger Fabric. 5G cellular base stations and UxNBs are nodes of the UxNB blockchain. The UxNB blockchain network stores UAV device identifiers and access control policies. The UxNB blockchain smart contracts include registration contracts and policy contracts.

[0063] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the blockchain-based drone access control method of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the blockchain-based drone access control method specifically includes the following steps:

[0064] S1: 5G cellular base stations are configured with gNB blockchain networks and smart contracts are deployed.

[0065] The gNB blockchain network stores UxNB identifiers, UAV device identifiers, and access control policies; the smart contracts deployed in 5G cellular base stations include registration contracts, device association contracts, and policy contracts. The registration contract is used to implement UxNB identity registration management and defines the following functions:

[0066] (1) Registration function: UxNB completes the UxNB registration by interacting with this function and obtains a unique identifier;

[0067] (2) Cancellation function: UxNBs can complete the cancellation of an authenticated UxNB by interacting with this function;

[0068] (3) Query function: UxNB can query the attribute information of UxNB by interacting with this function;

[0069] The device association contract defines the device association function. The 5G cellular base station interacts with this function and stores the association relationship between the UAV device and the UxNB, as well as between the UxNB and the 5G cellular base station.

[0070] The strategy contract is used to implement access control for UAV devices, and defines the following functions:

[0071] (1) Access control policy function: The 5G cellular base station interacts with this function to define the access control policy for the UAV device;

[0072] (2) Access control revocation function: used to revoke the access control permission of UAV device. If the UAV device fails the authentication, its access request permission will be revoked and the access request will be rejected.

[0073] (3) Data access control management function: used to store or update access control policies in the policy contract;

[0074] (4) Data access control query function: used to query the access control policy in the policy contract.

[0075] S2: The UxNB sends a network access request message to the 5G cellular base station through the network-assisted C2 link to register its identity.

[0076] The UxNB sends a network access request message to the 5G cellular base station through the network-assisted C2 link. The network access request message includes information such as the network access request message identifier, the UxNB identifier, and the current timestamp.

[0077] S3: Registered UxNB and gNB build the UxNB blockchain network and deploy smart contracts.

[0078] The UxNB blockchain network stores UAV device identifiers and access control policies; the UxNB blockchain smart contracts include a registration contract and a policy contract; the registration contract is used to implement UAV device identity registration management, and defines the following functions:

[0079] (1) Registration function: UAV devices complete UAV device registration by interacting with this function and obtain a unique identifier;

[0080] (2) Cancellation function: UAV devices can complete the cancellation of the authenticated UAV device by interacting with this function;

[0081] (3) Query function: UAV devices can interact with this function to query the attribute information of the UAV devices;

[0082] The strategy contract defines the following functions:

[0083] (1) Access control policy function: UxNB interacts with this function to define access control policies for UAV devices;

[0084] (2) Access control revocation function: used to revoke the access control permission of UAV device. If the UAV device fails the authentication, its access request permission will be revoked and the access request will be rejected.

[0085] (3) Access control management function: used to store or update access control policies in the policy contract;

[0086] (4) Access control query function: used to query the access control policy in the policy contract.

[0087] S4: Determine the association strategy between UAV devices and UxNBs based on the association algorithm.

[0088] Assume the system contains M UAV devices and K UxNBs, where the m-th UAV device is denoted as UAV. m The position coordinates are (x m ,y m ,h m ), 1≤m≤M; the k-th UxNB is represented as UxNBk The position coordinates are (x′) k ,y′ k ,h k ), 1≤k≤K; Assume that the UxNB can connect to multiple UAV devices; The association algorithm is used to determine the association strategy between UAV devices and the UxNB, specifically including the following steps:

[0089] S41: Modeling the rate at which UAV devices connect to the UxNB

[0090] (1) Modeling the channel model

[0091] Let h m,k UAV m With UxNB k The channel gain between them is modeled as follows: in, They represent UAV m With UxNB k The line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight transmission probabilities are modeled as follows: Where a and b are constants, θ m,k UAV m With UxNB k The elevation angle of the link between them is modeled as follows: Where, d m,k UAV m With UxNB k The distance between them is modeled as follows: UAV m With UxNB k The line-of-sight link channel gain between them is modeled as follows: Among them, f c It is the carrier frequency, c is the speed of light, and ζ is the carrier frequency. L It is the additional path loss of the line-of-sight link caused by shadow fading; UAV m With UxNB k The non-line-of-sight link channel gain between them is modeled as follows: Where ζ N It is the additional path loss of non-line-of-sight links caused by shadow fading;

[0092] (2) Modeling the rate at which UAV devices connect to UxNB

[0093] Let R m,k UAV m Access UxNB k The rate can be modeled as: Among them, B k UxNB k bandwidth, pm UAV m The transmission power;

[0094] S42: UAV device associated with UxNB

[0095] UAV m Choose the UxNB with the optimal transmission rate for access, i.e. UAV m Select UxNB k* Establish a connection.

[0096] S5: The UAV device sends a network access request message to the associated UxNB to register its identity.

[0097] The network access request message sent by the UAV device includes information such as the network access request message identifier, the UAV device identifier, the UxNB identifier associated with the UAV device, and the current timestamp.

[0098] S6: UxNB interacts with 5G cellular base stations to determine access control policies for its associated UAV devices and stores them in the UxNB blockchain network and gNB blockchain network.

[0099] The UAV device access control policies determined by the interaction between UxNB and 5G cellular base stations include: access permission control, priority control, and user number limit, specifically:

[0100] (1) Access control: Determine whether the user has access permission, such as whether identity authentication has been completed;

[0101] (2) Priority control: Set different priorities for different types of users, and make access control judgments based on user priorities to ensure that high-priority users have priority access;

[0102] (3) User number limit: Set the access user number limit. If the number of access users reaches the threshold, the access control judgment is made according to the priority of the new user. If the new user has a low priority, the access is rejected. If the new user has a high priority and meets other access conditions, the new user is allowed to access and the low priority users in the system are switched to other 5G base stations.

[0103] S7: The UAV device sends an access request message to the associated UxNB. The UxNB receives the access request message sent by the UAV device and queries the access control policy of the UAV device in the UxNB blockchain network.

[0104] UxNB receives access request messages from UAV devices and queries the UAV device's access control policy in the UxNB blockchain network. Specifically, if the UAV device meets the access control requirements, S8 is executed; otherwise, UxNB returns a rejection request to the UAV device. The UAV device access request message includes: access request message identifier, UAV device identifier, UxNB identifier, and current timestamp.

[0105] S8: The UxNB forwards the access request to the 5G cellular base station through the network-assisted C2 link. The 5G cellular base station receives the access request message forwarded by the UxNB and queries the access control policy of the UAV device in the gNB blockchain network.

[0106] The 5G cellular base station receives the access request message forwarded by the UxNB and queries the access control policy of the UAV device in the gNB blockchain network. Specifically, if the UAV device meets the access requirements, the 5G cellular base station returns access consent information to the UxNB through the network-assisted C2 link. After receiving the confirmation information, the UxNB forwards it to the UAV device. Otherwise, the 5G cellular base station returns access rejection information to the UxNB through the network-assisted C2 link. After receiving the information, the UxNB rejects the access request of the UAV device.

[0107] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blockchain-based method for controlling unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1: 5G cellular base stations are equipped with gNB blockchain networks and smart contracts are deployed; S2: The UxNB sends a network access request message to the 5G cellular base station for identity registration via the network-assisted C2 link; S3: Registered UxNB and gNB build the UxNB blockchain network and deploy smart contracts; S4: Determine the association strategy between UAV devices and UxNBs based on the association algorithm; S5: The UAV device sends a network access request message to the associated UxNB to register its identity; S6: UxNB interacts with 5G cellular base stations to determine access control policies for its associated UAV devices and stores them in the UxNB blockchain network and gNB blockchain network; S7: The UAV device sends an access request message to the associated UxNB. The UxNB receives the access request message sent by the UAV device and queries the access control policy of the UAV device in the UxNB blockchain network. S8: The UxNB forwards the access request to the 5G cellular base station through the network-assisted C2 link. The 5G cellular base station receives the access request message forwarded by the UxNB and queries the access control policy of the UAV device in the gNB blockchain network.

2. The method for controlling unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the gNB blockchain network stores the UxNB identifier, UAV device identifier, and access control policy; the smart contracts deployed by the 5G cellular base station include a registration contract, a device association contract, and a policy contract. The registration contract is used to implement UxNB identity registration management and defines the following functions: (1) Registration function: UxNB completes the UxNB registration by interacting with this function and obtains a unique identifier; (2) Cancellation function: UxNBs can complete the cancellation of an authenticated UxNB by interacting with this function; (3) Query function: UxNB can query the attribute information of UxNB by interacting with this function; The device association contract defines the device association function. The 5G cellular base station interacts with this function and stores the association relationship between the UAV device and the UxNB, as well as between the UxNB and the 5G cellular base station. The strategy contract is used to implement access control for UAV devices, and defines the following functions: (1) Access control policy function: The 5G cellular base station interacts with this function to define the access control policy for the UAV device; (2) Access control revocation function: used to revoke the access control permission of UAV device. If the UAV device fails the authentication, its access request permission will be revoked and the access request will be rejected. (3) Data access control management function: used to store or update access control policies in the policy contract; (4) Data access control query function: used to query the access control policy in the policy contract.

3. The method for controlling unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the UxNB sends a network access request message to the 5G cellular base station through the network-assisted C2 link. The network access request message includes a network access request message identifier, a UxNB identifier, and current timestamp information.

4. The method for controlling unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the UxNB blockchain network stores UAV device identifiers and access control policies; the UxNB blockchain smart contract includes a registration contract and a policy contract; the registration contract is used to implement UAV device identity registration management and defines the following functions: (1) Registration function: UAV devices complete UAV device registration by interacting with this function and obtain a unique identifier; (2) Cancellation function: UAV devices can complete the cancellation of the authenticated UAV device by interacting with this function; (3) Query function: UAV devices can interact with this function to query the attribute information of the UAV devices; The strategy contract defines the following functions: (1) Access control policy function: UxNB interacts with this function to define access control policies for UAV devices; (2) Access control revocation function: used to revoke the access control permission of UAV device. If the UAV device fails the authentication, its access request permission will be revoked and the access request will be rejected. (3) Access control management function: used to store or update access control policies in the policy contract; (4) Access control query function: used to query the access control policy in the policy contract.

5. The method for controlling unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, it is assumed that the system contains M UAV devices and K UxNBs, and the m-th UAV device is represented as UAV. m The position coordinates are (x m ,y m ,h m ), 1≤m≤M; the k-th UxNB is represented as UxNB k The position coordinates are (x′) k ,y′ k ,h k ), 1≤k≤K; Assume that the UxNB connects to multiple UAV devices; The association algorithm is used to determine the association strategy between the UAV devices and the UxNB, specifically including the following steps: S41: Modeling the rate at which UAV devices connect to the UxNB (1) Modeling the channel model Let h m,k UAV m With UxNB k The channel gain between them is modeled as follows: in, They represent UAV m With UxNB k The line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight transmission probabilities are modeled as follows: Where a and b are constants, θ m,k UAV m With UxNB k The elevation angle of the link between them is modeled as follows: Where, d m,k UAV m With UxNB k The distance between them is modeled as follows: UAV m With UxNB k The line-of-sight link channel gain between them is modeled as follows: Among them, f c It is the carrier frequency, c is the speed of light, and ζ is the carrier frequency. L It is the additional path loss of the line-of-sight link caused by shadow fading; UAV m With UxNB k The non-line-of-sight link channel gain between them is modeled as follows: Where ζ N It is the additional path loss of non-line-of-sight links caused by shadow fading; (2) Modeling the rate at which UAV devices connect to UxNB Let R m,k UAV m Access UxNB k The rate is modeled as: Among them, B k UxNB k bandwidth, p m UAV m The transmission power; S42: UAV device associated with UxNB UAV m Choose the UxNB with the optimal transmission rate for access, i.e. UAV m choose Establish a connection.

6. The method for controlling unmanned aerial vehicle access based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the UAV device sends a network access request message including a network access request message identifier, a UAV device identifier, a UxNB identifier associated with the UAV device, and current timestamp information.

7. The method for controlling unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, the UAV device access control policy determined by the interaction between the UxNB and the 5G cellular base station includes: access permission control, priority control, and user number limit, specifically: (1) Access control: Determine whether the user has access permission, such as whether identity authentication has been completed; (2) Priority control: Set different priorities for different types of users, and make access control judgments based on user priorities to ensure that high-priority users have priority access; (3) User number limit: Set the access user number limit. If the number of access users reaches the threshold, the access control judgment is made according to the priority of the new user. If the new user has a low priority, the access is rejected. If the new user has a high priority and meets other access conditions, the new user is allowed to access and the low priority users in the system are switched to other 5G base stations.

8. The method for controlling unmanned aerial vehicle access based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, the UxNB receives the access request message sent by the UAV device and queries the access control policy of the UAV device in the UxNB blockchain network. Specifically, if the UAV device meets the access control requirements, step S8 is executed; otherwise, the UxNB returns a rejection request to the UAV device. The UAV device access request message includes: access request message identifier, UAV device identifier, UxNB identifier, and current timestamp.

9. The method for controlling unmanned aerial vehicle access based on blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S8, the 5G cellular base station receives the access request message forwarded by the UxNB and queries the access control policy of the UAV device in the gNB blockchain network. Specifically, if the UAV device meets the access requirements, the 5G cellular base station returns an access consent message to the UxNB through the network-assisted C2 link. After receiving the confirmation message, the UxNB forwards it to the UAV device. Otherwise, the 5G cellular base station returns an access rejection message to the UxNB through the network-assisted C2 link. After receiving the message, the UxNB rejects the access request of the UAV device.

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