A device for automatic loading and unloading of workpieces

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of feeding and discharging devices, in particular to a device for automatically feeding and discharging workpieces, which comprises a box body, further comprises a limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism is provided with at least two groups and is respectively used for limiting and positioning processed workpieces and unprocessed workpieces, and the limiting mechanism is slidingly connected to the upper end of the box body; the limiting mechanism comprises a bearing table, a chuck and a clamping rod, the bearing table is slidingly connected with the box body, the chuck is rotationally connected with the bearing table, the bearing table is provided with a first guide hole, the chuck is provided with a second guide hole, the first guide hole and the second guide hole are distributed in a cross mode, the clamping rod is arranged at the intersection between the first guide hole and the second guide hole, the clamping rod is distributed in a plurality of intervals around the bearing table, the first guide hole and the second guide hole are each provided with a plurality of clamping rods in correspondence, and the chuck is connected with a driving assembly. The application has the effects of reducing the labor intensity of workers and increasing the feeding and discharging efficiency of workpieces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of loading and unloading devices, and in particular to a device for automatic loading and unloading of workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] When machining worm gear reducers, it is necessary to load the unmachined worm gear into the machining device and then unload the machined worm gear. Existing loading and unloading devices can load and unload worm gears simultaneously, thereby speeding up the loading and unloading efficiency.

[0003] In order to increase the accuracy of the loading and unloading of the worm gear, which is a workpiece, and reduce the damage to the workpiece, the existing loading and unloading device requires manual loading and unloading of the workpiece to the designated area and positioning of the workpiece. However, the manual loading and unloading is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the loading and unloading efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to reduce the labor intensity of workers and increase the efficiency of workpiece loading and unloading, this application provides a device for automatic workpiece loading and unloading.

[0005] The device for automatic loading and unloading of workpieces provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A device for automatic workpiece loading and unloading includes a housing and a limiting mechanism. The limiting mechanism has at least two sets, each used to limit and position a processed workpiece and an unprocessed workpiece, respectively. The limiting mechanism is slidably connected to the upper end of the housing. A conveying mechanism is located above the housing and is used for loading and unloading workpieces. The limiting mechanism includes a support platform, a clamping plate, and a clamping rod. The support platform is slidably connected to the housing, and the clamping plate is rotatably connected to the support platform. The support platform has a first guide hole, and the clamping plate has a second guide hole. The first guide hole and the second guide hole are distributed intersectingly. The clamping rod passes through the intersection between the first guide hole and the second guide hole. Multiple clamping rods are distributed circumferentially around the support platform. Multiple first guide holes and multiple second guide holes correspond to multiple clamping rods. The clamping plate is connected to a driving component. When it is necessary to limit the workpiece, the driving component drives the clamping plate to rotate around its own axis, and forces multiple clamping rods to slide in the first guide hole and the second guide hole and continuously move closer or further away from each other, thereby limiting or releasing the workpiece.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, during the process of limiting the workpiece, the bearing table can slide on the box body, thereby adjusting the position of the limiting mechanism, driving the drive component to drive the chuck to rotate, forcing the first guide hole of the bearing table and the second guide hole of the chuck to limit and slide the clamping rod, so that multiple clamping rods have the effect of limiting or releasing the workpiece.

[0008] During the unloading of processed and unprocessed workpieces, no manual positioning of the workpieces is required, and the material handling mechanism can load and unload the workpieces, greatly reducing the intensity of manual labor and increasing the efficiency of workpiece loading and unloading.

[0009] Optionally, the clamping mechanism further includes a support plate, a lifting rod, and a lifting cylinder. The support plate is located above the clamping plate and is used to support the workpiece. The support plate is slidably connected to the clamping rod. The support plate has a through-hole for the clamping rod to pass through. The lifting cylinder is installed in the housing. The output shaft of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the lifting rod. When the clamping device loads or unloads the workpiece, the lifting cylinder drives the lifting rod to abut against the support plate and causes the support plate to slide along the length of the clamping rod.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the support plate can support the workpiece. The lifting cylinder is activated and acts on the lifting rod, which forces the support plate to slide along the length of the clamping rod, thereby adjusting the vertical position of the workpiece on the support plate. The third guide hole on the support plate allows the clamping rod to pass through while limiting its position, increasing the stability of the clamping rod and ensuring its stability during sliding.

[0011] Optionally, the lifting rod passes through the support platform and the housing, and the clamp is provided with a clearance groove for avoiding the lifting rod.

[0012] By employing the above technical solution, the chuck interferes with the lifting rod during rotation, thus affecting its rotation and ultimately making it difficult to effectively limit the workpiece's movement. The clearance groove ensures that the chuck rotates while avoiding interference with the lifting rod, guaranteeing sufficient rotation space for the chuck. The lifting rod can be completely retracted into the housing, thus preventing it from interfering with the support platform.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes a drive mechanism installed on the housing. The drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a sprocket, and a chain. Multiple sets of the limiting mechanisms are fixedly connected to the chain. The drive motor is installed inside the housing. The output shaft of the drive motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the sprocket. There are two sprockets, both of which mesh with the chain.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when the limiting mechanism needs to move, the drive motor drives the sprocket to rotate, the sprocket and the chain mesh with each other for transmission, and the chain drives the limiting mechanism to move, thereby forming the movement of the limiting mechanism.

[0015] Optionally, the housing is further provided with a positioning cylinder and a positioning rod. The positioning cylinder is installed on the housing, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder is fixedly connected to the positioning rod. The support platform has a positioning hole. When the support platform moves to below the positioning rod, the positioning cylinder drives the positioning rod to engage with the positioning hole so that the support platform is positioned.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, during the loading and unloading of workpieces by the material handling assembly, it is necessary to transport the support platform to a suitable position and position it to ensure that the lifting rod can accurately pass through the support platform and reduce collision interference between the lifting rod and the support platform. When it is necessary to position the support platform, the positioning cylinder controls the positioning rod to insert into the positioning hole inside the support platform.

[0017] Optionally, a ball bearing seat and a roller seat are fixedly provided on the housing. A ball bearing is rotatably connected inside the ball bearing seat, and a roller is rotatably connected to the roller seat. When the support platform passes over the ball bearing or the roller, the support platform abuts against the ball bearing or the roller.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the ball bearing seat can provide an installation base for the ball bearings, and the roller bearing seat can provide an installation base for the rollers. The bearing platform slides on the ball bearings and rollers, which can reduce the friction of the bearing platform, ensure the smoothness of the sliding of the bearing platform, and the rolling direction of the ball bearings can be adjusted, thereby ensuring the stability of the bearing platform during the turning process.

[0019] Optionally, the drive assembly includes a gear set and an adjusting rod. The adjusting rod is rotatably connected to the support platform and is connected to the clamping plate via the gear set. The gear set is rotatably connected to the support platform. When the adjusting rod is rotated, the adjusting rod drives the clamping plate to rotate around its own axis via the gear set.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, different limiting effects can be pre-adjusted according to different workpiece size requirements during the actual processing of the workpiece to achieve workpiece positioning. When it is necessary to rotate the chuck, the adjusting rod is rotated, and the adjusting rod controls the rotation of the chuck through the gear set, thereby creating a limiting effect on the workpiece.

[0021] Optionally, the adjusting rod is provided with a ratchet and a pawl. The adjusting rod is coaxially and fixedly connected to the ratchet, and the pawl is rotatably connected to the support platform. When the clamping rod limits the workpiece, the pawl engages with the ratchet to make the clamping plate and the clamping rod relatively stationary, and the clamping rod maintains the limiting state on the workpiece.

[0022] By employing the above technical solution, repeated loading and unloading of the workpiece during workpiece positioning may cause the clamping rod to move, gradually losing its positioning function. However, the ratchet and pawl can reduce the rotation of the adjusting rod due to external forces, ensuring the clamping rod's positioning function on the workpiece.

[0023] Optionally, the drive assembly includes a first transmission part and a second transmission part rotatably connected to the support platform. The first transmission part is coaxially fixedly connected to the chuck, and the second transmission part is coaxially connected to a transmission gear. The first transmission part and the second transmission part abut against each other. A rack is fixedly provided on the housing. When the gear and the rack mesh with each other, the clamping rod limits or releases the workpiece.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when the transmission gear passes through the rack and meshes with it, the transmission gear rotates and drives the second transmission part to rotate. The first transmission part and the second transmission part abut against each other, forming a frictional contact. The second transmission part rotates synchronously with the first transmission part. The first transmission part drives the chuck to rotate, thereby clamping and limiting or releasing the workpiece. When the clamping rod clamps or completely releases the workpiece, and the workpiece forces the chuck to be unable to rotate, the first transmission part and the second transmission part rotate relative to each other until the transmission gear and the rack disengage. After disengagement, the friction between the first transmission part and the second transmission part can still hinder the rotation of the chuck, so that the clamping rod maintains the limiting effect on the workpiece.

[0025] Optionally, the material handling mechanism includes a frame, a sliding table, and two sets of clamping members. The sliding table is slidably connected to the frame, and both sets of clamping members are mounted on the sliding table. The two sets of clamping members are used to clamp the processed workpiece and the unprocessed workpiece, respectively. The material handling mechanism also includes a material handling motor and a lead screw. The material handling motor is mounted on the frame, and its output shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to the lead screw. The lead screw is rotatably connected to the frame and passes through the sliding table, where it is threadedly connected.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting mechanism can limit the workpiece. Then, the limiting mechanism slides on the box to the bottom of the material conveying mechanism. The sliding table drives the clamping part to slide on the frame to determine the position of the clamping part. Then, the clamping part puts the processed workpiece into a set of limiting mechanisms for loading and unloading, and clamps the unprocessed workpiece on another set of limiting mechanisms for loading. Finally, the sliding table moves to form the material conveying of the unprocessed workpiece.

[0027] The material conveying motor can drive the lead screw to rotate. Under the transmission of the lead screw and the limitation of the frame, the sliding table slides along the length of the lead screw, thereby transporting the workpiece to the appropriate position and forming the loading and unloading of the workpiece.

[0028] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0029] 1. Multiple clamping rods can move closer or further apart from each other under the limitation of the first limiting hole of the bearing platform and the second limiting hole of the clamping plate, thereby forming a limit on the workpiece, ensuring the positioning of the workpiece, reducing the labor intensity of manual labor, and increasing the efficiency of loading and unloading.

[0030] 2. The positioning cylinder and positioning rod can fix the position of the support platform, thereby ensuring the accuracy of loading and unloading of the clamped parts;

[0031] 3. The drive assembly can ensure the stable rotation of the chuck and reduce the self-rotation caused by the chuck driving the workpiece, which would reduce the limit on the workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a top view of the support platform, clamping rod, and clamping plate according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the support platform, clamping rod, and clamping plate according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting rod, lifting cylinder, and support plate according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive component and support platform according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the gear set and ratchet pawl structure of Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning cylinder and positioning rod according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the material conveying mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0042] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting mechanism in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0043] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the limiting mechanism and driving component according to Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Housing; 11. Rotating door; 12. Mounting platform; 13. Ball bearing seat; 131. Ball bearing; 14. Roller seat; 141. Roller; 15. Positioning cylinder; 16. Positioning rod; 17. First sensor; 18. Second sensor; 19. Third sensor; 2. Limiting mechanism; 21. Support platform; 211. Housing; 212. Receiving cavity; 213. First guide hole; 214. Through hole; 215. Positioning hole; 22. Clamping plate; 221. Second guide hole; 222. Clearance groove; 23. Clamping rod; 24. Support plate; 241. Third guide hole; 25. 251. Lifting rod; 26. Connecting plate; 27. Lifting cylinder; 28. Drive assembly; 271. First gear; 272. Second gear; 273. Third gear; 274. Adjusting rod; 275. Ratchet; 276. Pawl; 277. Pulley; 278. Spring; 3. Drive mechanism; 31. Drive motor; 32. Sprocket; 33. Chain; 4. Material conveying mechanism; 41. Frame; 42. Sliding table; 43. Clamping component; 44. Material conveying motor; 45. Lead screw; 46. Sliding cylinder; 5. Robotic arm; 6. First transmission unit; 7. Second transmission unit; 8. Transmission gear; 9. Rack. Detailed Implementation

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0046] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 12 This application will be described in further detail.

[0047] Example 1:

[0048] This application discloses a device for automatic loading and unloading of workpieces, referring to... Figure 1 The device includes a housing 1, a limiting mechanism 2, a driving mechanism 3, a material conveying mechanism 4, and a robotic arm 5. The limiting mechanism 2 is slidably connected to the housing 1. Multiple sets of limiting mechanisms 2 are provided on the housing 1; this application uses fourteen sets as an example. Each set of limiting mechanisms 2 can limit one workpiece, with seven sets used to limit processed workpieces and the other seven sets used to limit unprocessed workpieces. The driving mechanism 3 is mounted on the housing 1 and drives the multiple sets of limiting mechanisms 2 to slide on the housing 1. The material conveying mechanism 4 is used to load the limited workpieces and unload the processed workpieces. The robotic arm 5 is used to remove processed workpieces from the limiting mechanisms 2 and place unprocessed workpieces on the limiting mechanisms 2.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 The box 1 is a hollow cuboid shape. A rotating door 11 is provided on one side of the box 1, and an installation platform 12 is formed on the upper surface of the box 1.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The limiting mechanism 2 includes a support platform 21, a clamping plate 22, and clamping rods 23. The support platform 21 is an octagonal disc, and a housing 211 is detachably connected to the bottom of the support platform 21, forming a receiving cavity 212 between the housing 211 and the support platform 21. The clamping plate 22 is located above the support platform 21 and is rotatably connected to the support platform 21. Multiple clamping rods 23 are distributed vertically and circumferentially along the clamping plate 22. This application takes three rods as an example. The top of the clamping rods 23 is chamfered. The support platform 21 has a number of first guide holes 213 corresponding to the number of clamping rods 23 spaced circumferentially. The bottom of the clamping rods 23 passes through the first guide holes 213 of the support platform 21 and is limited between the support platform 21 and the support platform 21 by fasteners. The clamping plate 22 has a number of second guide holes 221 corresponding to the clamping rods 23. The first guide hole 213 and the second guide hole 221 are both arc-shaped. The first guide hole 213 and the second guide hole 221 face opposite directions and intersect each other. The clamping rods 23 pass through the intersection between the first guide hole 213 and the second guide hole 221. When the clamping plate 22 rotates, the clamping rods 23 can slide along the length direction of the first guide hole 213. The three clamping rods 23 move closer to each other or further away from each other, thus limiting or releasing the workpiece.

[0051] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The limiting mechanism 2 also includes a support plate 24, lifting rods 25, and a lifting cylinder 26. Three lifting rods 25 are vertically spaced at intervals along the circumference of the clamping plate 22, and are fixedly connected by a connecting plate 251. The top of each lifting rod 25 has a chamfer and abuts against the support plate 24. The lifting rods 25 pass through the support platform 21 and the housing 1. The support platform 21 has through holes 214 for the lifting rods 25 to pass through, and the clamping plate 22 has clearance grooves 222 to avoid interference with the lifting rods 25 when the clamping plate 22 rotates. The lifting cylinder 26 is installed inside the housing 1, and its piston rod is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 251. The support plate 24 is used to support the workpiece. A third guide hole 241 is provided through the support plate 24, and the orientation of the third guide hole 241 is the same as that of the first guide hole 213. The clamping rod 23 passes through the third guide hole 241 and can slide along its length. Two sets of lifting rods 25 and lifting cylinders 26 are provided, one for lifting the processed workpiece and the other for lifting the unprocessed workpiece. The first guide hole 213, the second guide hole 221, and the third guide hole 241 are all the same in shape and size, forming an arc-shaped, waist-shaped hole, and their width is the same as the diameter of the clamping rod 23.

[0052] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 The limiting mechanism 2 also includes a drive assembly 27 for driving the chuck 22 to rotate, and the drive assembly 27 is installed in the receiving cavity 212. The drive assembly 27 includes a drive gear set, an adjusting rod 274, a ratchet 275, and a pawl 276. The gear set includes a first gear 271, a second gear 272, and a third gear 273, wherein the first gear 271, the second gear 272, and the third gear 273 are all rotatably connected to the support platform 21. The first gear 271 meshes with the second gear 272, the second gear 272 meshes with the third gear 273, and the third gear 273 is coaxially fixedly connected to the adjusting rod 274. The adjusting rod 274 is rotatably connected to the support platform 21. The ratchet 275 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the adjusting rod 274. One end of the pawl 276 is rotatably connected to the support platform 21, and the other end of the pawl 276 is engaged with the ratchet 275. A lever 277 is provided on one side of the pawl 276. A spring 278 is connected between the lever 277 and the support platform 21. The spring 278 is used to reset the lever 277. The lever 277 is rotatably connected to the support platform 21. Rotating the lever 277 can control the engagement state of the ratchet 275 and the pawl 276.

[0053] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 The drive mechanism 3 includes a drive motor 31, a sprocket 32, and a chain 33. The drive motor 31 is installed inside the housing 1, and its output shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to the sprocket 32. The sprocket 32 ​​is rotatably connected to the housing 1, and there are two sprockets 32, each meshing with both ends of the chain 33. Multiple sets of limiting mechanisms 2 are spaced apart along the trajectory of the chain 33, and the support platform 21 of each set of limiting mechanisms 2 is fixed on the chain 33. A ball bearing seat 13 and a roller seat 14 are fixedly installed on the mounting platform 12 of the housing 1. A ball bearing 131 is rotatably connected inside the ball bearing seat 13, and a roller 141 is rotatably connected to the roller seat 14. When the support platform 21 passes over the ball bearing 131 or the roller 141, the support platform 21 abuts against the ball bearing 131 or the roller 141. The ball bearing seat 13 is located at the bend of the chain 33, ensuring smooth sliding of the support platform 21 while increasing its steering effect. The roller seat 14 is arranged along the length of the chain 33, and four sets are arranged on both sides of the chain 33.

[0054] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9The housing 1 is also equipped with a positioning cylinder 15 and a positioning rod 16. The cylinder body of the positioning cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the housing 1, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the positioning rod 16 through a connecting plate. The support platform 21 has a positioning hole 215. When the support platform 21 moves below the positioning rod 16, the positioning cylinder 15 drives the positioning rod 16 to engage with the positioning hole 215, thereby positioning the support platform 21. The housing 1 is also equipped with a first sensor 17, a second sensor 18, and a third sensor 19. The first sensor 17 is used to detect the height of the workpiece. The first sensor 17 sends the detection signal to the controller, which controls the lifting cylinder 26 to lift the support plate 24 to determine the height position of the workpiece. The second sensor 18 is used to detect the position of the support platform 21. The first sensor 17 sends the detection signal to the controller, which controls the drive motor 31 to rotate or stop, and controls the positioning cylinder 15 to work, so that the positioning rod 16 can be smoothly inserted into the positioning hole 215 to determine the position of the support platform 21. The third sensor 19 is located on one side of the processed workpiece. The third sensor 19 is used to detect relevant data of the processed workpiece and detect unqualified workpieces.

[0055] Reference Figure 10 The material handling mechanism 4 is located above the housing 1. The material handling mechanism 4 includes a frame 41, a sliding table 42, clamping components 43, a material handling motor 44, and a lead screw 45. The sliding table 42 is slidably connected to the frame 41, and the frame 41 can limit the circumferential rotation of the sliding table 42. The clamping components 43 are mounted on the sliding table 42 and have two sets, one for clamping processed workpieces and the other for clamping unprocessed workpieces. The clamping components 43 are three-jaw cylinders and are slidably connected to the sliding table 42. A sliding cylinder 46 is mounted on the sliding table 42, and the piston rod of the sliding cylinder 46 is connected to the two clamping components 43. The sliding cylinder 46 can drive the clamping components 43 to slide vertically. The material handling motor 44 is mounted on the frame 41, and the output shaft of the material handling motor 44 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the lead screw 45. The lead screw 45 is rotatably connected to the frame 41.

[0056] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0057] Preparation phase:

[0058] Manually move the lever 277 to disengage the ratchet 275 and pawl 276. Rotate the adjusting rod 274, which, through the transmission of the first gear 271, second gear 272, and third gear 273, drives the chuck 22 to rotate. As the chuck 22 rotates, it forces the clamping rods 23 to move closer or further apart, thereby adjusting the size to suit the workpiece's positioning. Release the lever 277, and the ratchet 275 re-engages with the pawl 276, thus limiting the workpiece and reducing the possibility of the clamping rods 23 being too loose in their position. After adjusting all the clamping rods of the limiting mechanism 2, fine-tuning can be performed later as needed.

[0059] Material loading and unloading stage:

[0060] The drive motor 31 starts, driving the sprocket 32 ​​to rotate. The sprocket 32 ​​meshes with the chain 33, which in turn drives multiple limiting mechanisms 2 to move. The support platform 21, supported by rollers 141 and balls 131, ensures smooth movement. When the limiting mechanism 2 passes the third sensor 19, the third sensor 19 detects the quality of the processed workpiece. When the unprocessed workpiece is loaded and moves to the second sensor 18, the drive motor 31 stops, and the positioning cylinder 15 drives the positioning rod 16 to insert into the positioning hole 215, fixing the position of the support platform 21. During this process, the limiting mechanism 2 moves only one unit distance. The lifting cylinder 26 starts, driving the lifting rod 25 to rise via the piston rod and connecting plate 251. After the lifting rod 25 passes through the through hole 214 in the support platform 21, it lifts the support plate 24 until the first sensor 17 senses a signal, at which point the lifting cylinder 26 stops, and the position of the support plate 24 is fixed. The piston rod of the sliding cylinder 46 drives the clamping member 43 to move downwards. The clamping member 43 places the processed workpiece on one support plate 24 and clamps the unprocessed workpiece on the other support plate 24. The sliding cylinder 46 retracts the clamping member 43 to its original position. The feeding motor 44 starts, and the output shaft of the feeding motor 44 drives the lead screw 45 to rotate. Under the transmission of the lead screw 45 and the limitation of the frame 41, the sliding table 42 moves along the length of the lead screw 45. The robotic arm 5 removes the processed workpiece and places a new unprocessed workpiece on the empty support plate 24.

[0061] Reset phase:

[0062] The piston rod of the lifting cylinder 26 is reset, the support plate 24 moves downward until it falls on the clamping plate 22, the lifting rod 25 disengages from the through hole 214, the positioning cylinder 15 drives the positioning rod 16 to disengage from the positioning hole 215 of the bearing platform 21, the drive motor 31 drives the limiting mechanism 2 to move, and the limiting mechanism 2 stops working after moving one unit, forming the above-mentioned repeated process of loading and unloading.

[0063] Example 2:

[0064] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: (Refer to...) Figure 11 and Figure 12The drive assembly 27 includes a first transmission part 6, a second transmission part 7, and a transmission gear 8. Both the first transmission part 6 and the second transmission part 7 are rotatably connected to the support platform 21. The first transmission part 6 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the clamp 22. The second transmission part 7 abuts against the first transmission part 6 and can transmit power through frictional contact. The transmission gear 8 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the end of the second transmission part 7 away from the first transmission part 6. Two racks 9 are also provided on the mounting platform 12 of the housing 1, located on opposite sides of the chain 33.

[0065] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0066] When the drive motor 31 drives the limiting mechanism 2 to move, when the support platform 21 passes the rack 9, the transmission gear 8 meshes with the rack 9, and the transmission gear 8 rotates around its own axis. The transmission gear 8 drives the second transmission part 7 to rotate. The second transmission part 7 and the first transmission part 6 are driven by friction. The first transmission part 6 rotates and drives the clamping plate 22 to rotate. The clamping plate 22 forces the clamping rod 23 to limit or release the workpiece. After the clamping rod 23 clamps the workpiece, the transmission gear 8 and the rack 9 are still meshing. The first transmission part 6 stops rotating, and the second transmission part 7 rotates relative to the first transmission part 6, causing the second transmission part 7 to idle. Ultimately, the processed workpiece is released by the clamping rod 23 when it approaches the robotic arm 5, and the unprocessed workpiece is limited by the clamping rod 23 when it moves away from the robotic arm 5. This facilitates better loading and unloading of materials by the robotic arm 5 and allows for the re-limiting of newly loaded unprocessed workpieces.

[0067] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A device for automatic loading and unloading of workpieces, comprising a housing (1), and further comprising... The limiting mechanism (2) is provided with at least two sets, which are respectively used to limit the processed workpiece and the unprocessed workpiece. The limiting mechanism (2) is slidably connected to the upper end of the box (1). Material handling mechanism (4), which is located above the box (1), is used for loading and unloading workpieces; Its features are: The limiting mechanism (2) includes a support platform (21), a clamping plate (22), and a clamping rod (23). The support platform (21) is slidably connected to the housing (1), and the clamping plate (22) is rotatably connected to the support platform (21). The support platform (21) has a first guide hole (213), and the clamping plate (22) has a second guide hole (221). The first guide hole (213) and the second guide hole (221) are distributed intersectingly. The clamping rod (23) passes through the intersection between the first guide hole (213) and the second guide hole (221). Multiple clamping rods (23) are distributed circumferentially around the support platform (21). 3) Both the second guide hole (221) and the second guide hole (221) are corresponding to the clamping rod (23) in multiple ways. The clamping plate (22) is connected to a driving assembly (27). The driving assembly (27) includes a first transmission part (6) and a second transmission part (7) that are rotatably connected to the bearing platform (21). The first transmission part (6) is coaxially fixedly connected to the clamping plate (22). The second transmission part (7) is coaxially connected to a transmission gear (8). The first transmission part (6) and the second transmission part (7) abut and rub against each other. A rack (9) is fixedly provided on the housing (1). When the transmission gear (8) and the rack (9) mesh with each other, the clamping rod (23) limits the workpiece or releases the workpiece. When it is necessary to limit the workpiece, the drive assembly (27) drives the chuck (22) to rotate around its own axis, and forces the plurality of clamping rods (23) to slide within the first guide hole (213) and the second guide hole (221) and continuously move closer or further away from each other, thereby limiting or releasing the workpiece. It also includes a drive mechanism (3) installed on the housing (1). The drive mechanism (3) includes a drive motor (31), a sprocket (32) and a chain (33). Multiple sets of the limiting mechanisms (2) are fixedly connected to the chain (33). The drive motor (31) is installed inside the housing (1). The output shaft of the drive motor (31) is coaxially fixedly connected to the sprocket (32). There are two sprockets (32), and both of them mesh with the chain (33).

2. The device for automatic loading and unloading of workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (2) further includes a support plate (24), a lifting rod (25), and a lifting cylinder (26). The support plate (24) is located above the clamping plate (22) and is used to support the workpiece. The support plate (24) is slidably connected to the clamping rod (23). The support plate (24) has a through-hole (241) for the clamping rod (23) to pass through. The lifting cylinder (26) is installed in the housing (1). The output shaft of the lifting cylinder (26) is fixedly connected to the lifting rod (25). When the material handling mechanism (4) loads or unloads the workpiece, the lifting cylinder (26) drives the lifting rod (25) to abut against the support plate (24) and causes the support plate (24) to slide along the length of the clamping rod (23).

3. The device for automatic loading and unloading of workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting rod (25) passes through the support platform (21) and the box (1), and the clamp (22) is provided with a clearance groove (222) for avoiding the lifting rod (25).

4. The device for automatic loading and unloading of workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (1) is also provided with a positioning cylinder (15) and a positioning rod (16). The positioning cylinder (15) is installed on the housing (1). The piston rod of the positioning cylinder (15) is fixedly connected to the positioning rod (16). The support platform (21) is provided with a positioning hole (215). When the support platform (21) moves to below the positioning rod (16), the positioning cylinder (15) drives the positioning rod (16) to engage with the positioning hole (215) so that the support platform (21) can be positioned.

5. The device for automatic loading and unloading of workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (1) is fixedly provided with a ball bearing seat (13) and a roller seat (14). A ball bearing (131) is rotatably connected inside the ball bearing seat (13), and a roller (141) is rotatably connected to the roller seat (14). When the support platform (21) passes over the ball bearing (131) or the roller (141), the support platform (21) abuts against the ball bearing (131) or the roller (141).

6. The device for automatic loading and unloading of workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly (27) includes a gear set and an adjusting rod (274). The adjusting rod (274) is rotatably connected to the support platform (21). The adjusting rod (274) is connected to the clamp (22) through the gear set. The gear set is rotatably connected to the support platform (21). When the adjusting rod (274) is rotated, the adjusting rod (274) drives the clamp (22) to rotate around its own axis through the gear set.

7. The device for automatic loading and unloading of workpieces according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjusting rod (274) is provided with a ratchet (275) and a pawl (276). The adjusting rod (274) and the ratchet (275) are coaxially fixedly connected. The pawl (276) is rotatably connected to the support platform (21). When the clamping rod (23) limits the workpiece, the pawl (276) engages with the ratchet (275), and the clamping rod (23) maintains the limiting state of the workpiece.

8. The device for automatic loading and unloading of workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material handling mechanism (4) includes a frame (41), a sliding table (42) and two sets of clamping members (43). The sliding table (42) is slidably connected to the frame (41). Both sets of clamping members (43) are installed on the sliding table (42), and the two sets of clamping members (43) are used to clamp the processed workpiece and the unprocessed workpiece, respectively. It also includes a material conveying motor (44) and a lead screw (45). The material conveying motor (44) is mounted on the frame (41). The output shaft of the material conveying motor (44) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the lead screw (45). The lead screw (45) is rotatably connected to the frame (41). The lead screw (45) passes through the sliding table (42) and is threadedly connected to the sliding table (42).

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