A locking mechanism for a folding tail fin and a folding tail fin

Abstract

The present application discloses a locking mechanism for a folding fin and a folding fin, belonging to the field of fins. The rotating structure of the locking mechanism is arranged on the upper wing surface and fixed to the lower wing surface at both ends; the mounting shell is clamped in the lower wing surface; the first locking structure is arranged in the first cavity, and the second locking structure is arranged in the third cavity; the shape memory alloy wire is connected to the locking control structure and arranged in the second cavity. When the shape memory alloy wire is in a cooled state, the front end of the locking control structure abuts against the lower end of the first locking structure, and the upper end of the first locking structure extends out of the mounting shell and locks the rotating structure; when the shape memory alloy wire is heated, its contraction drives the locking control structure to move along the contraction direction, the first locking structure retracts into the first cavity, the rotating structure rotates to drive the upper wing surface of the folding fin to rotate to the unfolded state, and at the same time the second locking structure is unlocked, and then its upper end extends out of the mounting shell and locks the rotating structure. The control process of the locking in the present application is simple and ingenious.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fins, and in particular to a locking mechanism for a folding fin and a folding fin. Background Art

[0002] Fins can ensure the flight stability of an aircraft. The folding fin design technology has technical advantages in solving the geometric space contradiction in aircraft such as unmanned aerial vehicles and cruise missiles, and has been more and more widely used. Specifically, using folding fins can save storage and transportation space, reduce the radial size of the aircraft, facilitate storage and transportation in a launch box or launch tube, and increase the carrying capacity of vehicles or ships carrying the aircraft.

[0003] The existing folding fins control one component to achieve the transition of the fins from the folded state to the deployed state, and control another component to achieve the transition of the fins from the deployed state to the locked state. The control process of the folding fins from folding to deployment and then to locking is relatively complex. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a locking mechanism for a folding fin and a folding fin, which solve the problem that the control process of the existing folding fin from folding to deployment and then to locking is relatively complex.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a locking mechanism for a folding tail fin, which includes a rotating structure, a mounting shell, a first locking structure, a locking control structure, a second locking structure, and a shape memory alloy wire; the rotating structure is disposed on the upper wing surface of the folding tail fin, with both ends fixed to the lower wing surface, and can drive the upper wing surface to rotate relative to the lower wing surface during rotation; the mounting shell is clamped inside the lower wing surface of the folding tail fin, and includes a first cavity, a second cavity, and a third cavity that are communicated with each other. The axial directions of the first cavity and the third cavity are perpendicular to the rotation axis of the upper wing surface, and the axial direction of the second cavity is parallel to the rotation axis of the upper wing surface; the first locking structure is disposed in the first cavity and can move along the axial direction of the first cavity, and its upper end can extend out of the mounting shell and latch onto the rotating structure; the second locking structure is disposed in the third cavity and can move along the axial direction of the third cavity, and its upper end can extend out of the mounting shell and latch onto the rotating structure, and the lower end is connected to the locking control structure; the shape memory alloy wire is connected to the locking control structure, and the locking control structure is disposed in the second cavity. When the shape memory alloy wire is in a cooled state, the front end of the locking control structure abuts against the lower end of the first locking structure, and causes the upper end of the first locking structure to extend out of the mounting shell and latch onto the rotating structure, and the locking control structure restricts the second locking structure from extending out of the mounting shell; when the shape memory alloy wire is heated, the shape memory alloy wire contracts and drives the locking control structure to move along the contraction direction, the first locking structure retracts into the first cavity, the rotating structure rotates to drive the upper wing surface of the folding tail fin to rotate to the unfolded state, and at the same time the second locking structure is unlocked, and then its upper end extends out of the mounting shell and latches onto the rotating structure.

[0006] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first locking structure includes a first locking pin and a first elastic member; the first locking pin includes a first pin body and a first pin cap, and the first pin cap is disposed at the lower end of the first pin body; the first pin cap is clamped in the first cavity and can move along the axial direction of the first cavity, so that the front end of the first pin body can extend out of the mounting shell and latch onto the rotating structure; the first elastic member is sleeved on the first pin body; the lower end surface of the first pin cap abuts against the front end of the locking control structure.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the second locking structure includes a second locking pin, a second elastic member, and a clamping pin; the third cavity includes a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity, and the first sub-cavity is higher than the second sub-cavity; the second locking pin and the second elastic member are disposed in the first sub-cavity, the second locking pin can move along the axial direction of the first sub-cavity, and the second elastic member is disposed between the locking control structure and the lower end surface of the second locking pin; the second locking pin includes a second pin body and a second pin cap, and the second pin cap is disposed at the lower end of the second pin body; the clamping pin includes a third pin body and a third pin cap, the third pin cap is disposed at the upper end of the third pin body, the third pin cap and the upper part of the third pin body are disposed in the second sub-cavity, the upper surface of the third pin cap abuts against the inner top wall of the second sub-cavity, and the lower surface can abut against the upper surface of the second pin cap to limit the second locking pin from protruding out of the installation shell, and the lower part of the third pin body is connected to the locking control structure, so that the locking control structure can drive the clamping pin to move radially along the second sub-cavity.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the upper surface of the second pin cap that abuts against the third pin cap forms an acute angle with its own upper surface, and the upper surface of the third pin cap that abuts against the second pin cap forms a corresponding acute angle with its own upper surface.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the locking control structure includes a moving pin; the moving pin is disposed in the second cavity, the front end abuts against the lower end surface of the first locking structure, the middle and rear parts are connected to the second locking structure, and the end can protrude out of the second cavity; the shape memory alloy wire is clamped on the moving pin.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the locking control structure further includes a third elastic member and a fixing cylinder; the fixing cylinder is sleeved on the middle and rear parts of the moving pin, and radial through holes are provided on the fixing cylinder and the moving pin for fixing the second locking structure; the third elastic member is sleeved on the end of the moving pin, and both ends respectively abut against the end face of the fixing cylinder and the inner side wall of the second cavity and are always in a compressed state.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the rotating structure includes a first sleeve, a first mounting seat, a second mounting seat, a stabilizing shaft, and a torsion member; the first sleeve is disposed on the upper wing surface and the central axis thereof is parallel to the rotation axis of the upper wing surface; on the lower wing surface, a first mounting seat is respectively disposed at positions at both ends of the first sleeve; both ends of the stabilizing shaft are respectively fixed to a first mounting seat; the second mounting seat is sleeved on the stabilizing shaft and clamped at the middle of the sleeve, and a radial through hole is provided on the second mounting seat; a torsion member is respectively disposed between the second mounting seat and each first mounting seat, and the torsion member is in a preset torsion state; a first through hole is provided at a position corresponding to the upper end position of the first locking structure on the first sleeve, and a second through hole is provided at a position corresponding to the radial through hole of the second mounting seat.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, a first through groove and a second through groove are provided on the mounting shell; the first through groove is located at the position of the first locking structure, and the extending direction thereof is consistent with the moving direction of the first locking structure; the second through groove is located at the position of the second locking structure, and the extending direction thereof is consistent with the moving direction of the second locking structure.

[0013] In a second aspect, another embodiment of the present invention provides a folding tail wing, including the locking mechanism of the folding tail wing described above.

[0014] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the folding angle of the folding tail wing is greater than 90°.

[0015] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0016] An embodiment of the present invention provides a locking mechanism for a folding tail wing, which includes a rotating structure, a mounting shell, a first locking structure, a locking control structure, a second locking structure, and a shape memory alloy wire. The rotating structure is arranged on the upper wing surface of the folding tail wing, with both ends fixed to the lower wing surface, and can drive the upper wing surface to rotate relative to the lower wing surface when rotating. The mounting shell is clamped inside the lower wing surface of the folding tail wing and includes a first cavity, a second cavity, and a third cavity that communicate with each other. The axial directions of the first cavity and the third cavity are perpendicular to the rotation axis of the upper wing surface, and the axial direction of the second cavity is parallel to the rotation axis of the upper wing surface. The first locking structure is arranged in the first cavity and can move along the axial direction of the first cavity, and its upper end can extend out of the mounting shell and clamp the rotating structure. The second locking structure is arranged in the third cavity and can move along the axial direction of the third cavity, and its upper end can extend out of the mounting shell and clamp the rotating structure, and the lower end is connected to the locking control structure. The shape memory alloy wire is connected to the locking control structure, and the locking control structure is arranged in the second cavity. When the shape memory alloy wire is in a cooled state, the front end of the locking control structure abuts against the lower end of the first locking structure, and the upper end of the first locking structure extends out of the mounting shell and clamps the rotating structure, and the locking control structure restricts the second locking structure from extending out of the mounting shell. When the shape memory alloy wire is heated, the shape memory alloy wire contracts and drives the locking control structure to move along the contraction direction. The first locking structure retracts into the first cavity, the rotating structure rotates to drive the upper wing surface of the folding tail wing to rotate to the unfolded state, and at the same time the second locking structure is unlocked, and then its upper end extends out of the mounting shell and clamps the rotating structure.

[0017] The locking mechanism of the folding fin provided by the embodiment of the present invention. When the shape memory alloy wire is in a cooled state, the front end of the locking control structure abuts against the lower end of the first locking structure, causing the upper end of the first locking structure to extend out of the installation shell and latch onto the rotating structure. At this time, the upper wing surface of the folding fin is locked, and the folding fin is in a folded state. When the folding fin needs to be deployed, heat the shape memory alloy wire. Since the shape memory alloy wire is connected to the locking control structure disposed in the second cavity, the heated shape memory alloy wire contracts and drives the locking control structure to move in the contraction direction. The front end of the locking control structure no longer abuts against the lower end of the first locking structure, and the first locking structure is released from the restraint and retracts into the first cavity. At this time, the rotating structure is unlocked. Since the rotating structure is disposed on the upper wing surface of the folding fin and is fixed to the lower wing surface at both ends, when the rotating structure rotates, it drives the upper wing surface to rotate relative to the lower wing surface until the fin is deployed. At this time, since the lower end of the second locking structure is connected to the locking control structure, the second locking structure is released from the restraint while the locking control structure moves, and the second locking structure is unlocked. The upper end of the second locking structure extends out of the installation shell and latches onto the rotating structure, and the second locking structure locks the deployed fin. The locking mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention locks the folded fin through the first locking structure, and then heats the shape memory alloy wire. The shape memory alloy wire drives the locking control structure to move, causing the first locking structure to be unlocked and retract into the first cavity. The rotating mechanism drives the upper wing surface to rotate and deploy. Then, the locking control structure drives the second locking structure to be unlocked, and its upper end extends out of the installation shell and latches onto the rotating structure, locking the deployed fin. The present invention drives the locking control structure through the shape memory alloy wire, simultaneously achieving the locking of the fin in the folded state, the unlocking from the folded state to the deployed state, and the locking in the deployed state, simplifying and ingeniously controlling the locking process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for describing the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fin in the folded state provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the schematic diagram in the A-A direction (the schematic structural diagram of the locking mechanism of the folding fin);

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the installation shell provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the reset structure of the locking mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Icon: 1 - mounting shell; 11 - first cavity; 12 - second cavity; 13 - third cavity; 131 - first sub - cavity; 132 - second sub - cavity; 133 - retaining wall; 14 - first through - slot; 15 - second through - slot; 2 - first locking structure; 21 - first locking pin; 211 - first pin body; 212 - first pin cap; 22 - first elastic member; 3 - locking control structure; 31 - moving pin; 32 - third elastic member; 33 - fixed cylinder; 34 - wedge block; 35 - ring block; 4 - second locking structure; 41 - second locking pin; 411 - second pin body; 412 - second pin cap; 42 - second elastic member; 43 - clamping pin; 431 - third pin body; 432 - third pin cap; 5 - shape memory alloy wire; 6 - rotating structure; 61 - first sleeve; 62 - first mounting seat; 63 - second mounting seat; 64 - stabilizing shaft; 65 - torsion member; 7 - upper wing surface; 8 - lower wing surface; α - folding angle. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. The terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "mounted", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a locking mechanism for a folding tail fin, which includes a rotating structure 6, a mounting shell 1, a first locking structure 2, a locking control structure 3, a second locking structure 4, and a shape memory alloy wire 5.

[0027] The rotating structure 6 is arranged on the upper wing surface 7 of the folding tail fin, and both ends are fixed to the lower wing surface 8. When rotating, it can drive the upper wing surface 7 to rotate relative to the lower wing surface 8.

[0028] As Figure 2 shown, the mounting shell 1 is clamped in the lower wing surface 8 of the folding tail fin. As Figure 3 shown, the mounting shell 1 includes a first cavity 11, a second cavity 12, and a third cavity 13 that are connected. The axes of the first cavity 11 and the third cavity 13 are perpendicular to the rotation axis of the upper wing surface 7, and the axis of the second cavity 12 is parallel to the rotation axis of the upper wing surface 7.

[0029] The first locking structure 2 is arranged in the first cavity 11 and can move along the axis of the first cavity 11. Its upper end can extend out of the mounting shell 1 and catch the rotating structure 6. The second locking structure 4 is arranged in the third cavity 13 and can move along the axis of the third cavity 13. Its upper end can extend out of the mounting shell 1 and catch the rotating structure 6, and its lower end is connected to the locking control structure 3.

[0030] The shape memory alloy wire 5 is connected to the locking control structure 3, and the locking control structure 3 is arranged in the second cavity 12. When the shape memory alloy wire 5 is in a cooled state, the front end of the locking control structure 3 abuts against the lower end of the first locking structure 2, and makes the upper end of the first locking structure 2 extend out of the mounting shell 1 and catch the rotating structure 6. The locking control structure 3 restricts the second locking structure 4 from extending out of the mounting shell 1. Specifically, the middle and rear parts of the locking control structure 3 restrict the second locking structure 4 from extending out of the mounting shell 1.

[0031] When the shape memory alloy wire 5 is heated, the shape memory alloy wire 5 shrinks and drives the locking control structure 3 to move along the shrinking direction. The first locking structure 2 releases the constraint of the locking control structure 3 and retracts into the first cavity 11. The rotating structure 6 rotates to drive the upper wing surface 7 of the folding tail fin to rotate to the unfolded state. At the same time, the second locking structure 4 is unlocked, and then its upper end extends out of the mounting shell 1 and catches the rotating structure 6.

[0032] Among them, shape memory alloys (English: shape memory alloys, abbreviated: SMA) are materials composed of more than two metal elements that have a shape memory effect (shape memory effect, SME) through thermoelastic and martensitic phase transformations and their inversions. Shape memory alloys are the materials with the best shape memory performance among shape memory materials. The shape memory alloy wire 5 used in this application is at its natural length in the cooled state and will shrink when heated.

[0033] The locking mechanism of the folding fin provided by the embodiment of the present invention. When the shape memory alloy wire 5 is in a cooled state, the front end of the locking control structure 3 abuts against the lower end of the first locking structure 2, causing the upper end of the first locking structure 2 to extend out of the mounting shell 1 and latch onto the rotating structure 6. At this time, the upper wing surface 7 of the folding fin is locked, and the folding fin is in a folded state. When the folding fin needs to be deployed, heat the shape memory alloy wire 5. Since the shape memory alloy wire 5 is connected to the locking control structure 3 disposed in the second cavity 12, the heated shape memory alloy wire 5 contracts and drives the locking control structure 3 to move in the contraction direction. The front end of the locking control structure 3 no longer abuts against the lower end of the first locking structure 2, and the first locking structure 2 is released from the constraint and retracts into the first cavity 11. At this time, the rotating structure 6 is unlocked. Since the rotating structure 6 is disposed on the upper wing surface 7 of the folding fin and is fixed to the lower wing surface 8 at both ends, when the rotating structure 6 rotates, it drives the upper wing surface 7 to rotate relative to the lower wing surface 8 until the fin is deployed. At this time, since the lower end of the second locking structure 4 is connected to the locking control structure 3, the constraint of the second locking structure 4 is released while the locking control structure 3 moves, and the second locking structure 4 is unlocked. The upper end of the second locking structure 4 extends out of the mounting shell 1 and latches onto the rotating structure 6, and the second locking structure 4 locks the deployed fin. The locking mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention locks the folded fin through the first locking structure 2, and then heats the shape memory alloy wire 5. The shape memory alloy wire 5 drives the locking control structure 3 to move, causing the first locking structure 2 to be unlocked and retract into the first cavity 11. The rotating mechanism drives the upper wing surface 7 to rotate and deploy. Then, the locking control structure 3 drives the second locking structure 4 to be unlocked, and its upper end extends out of the mounting shell 1 and latches onto the rotating structure 6, locking the deployed fin. The present invention drives the locking control structure 3 through the shape memory alloy wire 5, simultaneously realizing the locking of the fin in the folded state, the unlocking from the folded state to the deployed state, and the locking in the deployed state, simplifying and ingeniously designing the control process of locking.

[0034] Refer to Figure 2As shown, the first locking structure 2 includes a first locking pin 21 and a first elastic member 22. The first locking pin 21 includes a first pin body 211 and a first pin cap 212, and the first pin cap 212 is disposed at the lower end of the first pin body 211. The first pin cap 212 is clamped in the first cavity 11 and can move along the axial direction of the first cavity 11, so that the front end of the first pin body 211 can extend out of the mounting shell 1 and latch onto the rotating structure 6. The first elastic member 22 is sleeved on the first pin body 211. The lower end surface of the first pin cap 212 abuts against the front end of the locking control structure 3. In the first locking structure 2 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, when the tail fin is folded, the front end of the locking control structure 3 abuts against the lower end surface of the first locking pin 21, the first elastic member 22 is compressed, and the upper end of the first locking pin 21 extends out of the mounting shell 1 and latches onto the rotating structure 6. When the tail fin needs to be deployed, the shape memory alloy wire 5 is heated, and the contraction of the shape memory alloy wire 5 drives the locking control structure 3 to move. The front end of the locking control structure 3 moves away from the lower end surface of the first pin cap 212, the first locking pin 21 is unlocked and moves downward under the action of the first elastic member 22 and returns to the first chamber, and the rotating structure 6 rotates under the action of a preset torsional force, driving the upper wing surface 7 of the tail fin to rotate. The first locking structure 2 provided by the embodiment of the present application has a simple structure, is easy to implement, and is easy to operate.

[0035] Further, both ends of the first elastic member 22 abut against the upper surface of the first pin cap 212 and the inner top wall of the first cavity 11. When the first locking pin 21 extends out of the mounting shell 1, the first elastic member 22 is in a compressed state. Thus, when the first locking structure 2 is unlocked, the elastic force of the first elastic member 22 can make the first locking pin 21 return to the first cavity 11 more quickly. Preferably, the first elastic member 22 is a compression spring. The compression spring is a helical spring that bears axial force, can bear pressure, has good elastic force, and low cost. Of course, the first elastic member 22 can also be a spring or the like.

[0036] Optionally, the lower end surface of the first pin cap 212 that abuts against the locking control structure 3 forms an acute angle with its own lower end surface. Correspondingly, the front end of the locking control structure 3 forms an angle matching the acute angle, and the acute angle is smaller than the friction angle of the metal material for making the first pin cap 212. The design of the acute angle can make the locking effect of the locking control structure 3 on the first locking structure 2 better, and the component force of the frictional force becomes smaller. When the first locking structure 2 needs to be unlocked and returned to the first cavity 11, the locking control structure 3 can more quickly release the constraint on the first locking structure 2, making the unlocking of the first locking structure 2 more rapid.

[0037] Continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown, the second locking structure 4 includes a second locking pin 41, a second elastic member 42, and a clamping pin 43. As Figure 3As shown, the third cavity 13 includes a first sub-cavity 131 and a second sub-cavity 132, and the first sub-cavity 131 is higher than the second sub-cavity 132. The second locking pin 41 and the second elastic member 42 are disposed in the first sub-cavity 131. The second locking pin 41 can move along the axial direction of the first sub-cavity 131, and the second elastic member 42 is disposed between the locking control structure 3 and the lower end surface of the second locking pin 41. The second locking pin 41 includes a second pin body 411 and a second pin cap 412, and the second pin cap 412 is disposed at the lower end of the second pin body 411. The clamping pin 43 includes a third pin body 431 and a third pin cap 432, and the third pin cap 432 is disposed at the upper end of the third pin body 431. The third pin cap 432 and the upper part of the third pin body 431 are disposed in the second sub-cavity 132. The upper surface of the third pin cap 432 abuts against the inner top wall of the second sub-cavity 132, and the lower surface can abut against the upper surface of the second pin cap 412 to limit the second locking pin 41 from protruding out of the mounting shell 1. The lower part of the third pin body 431 is connected to the locking control structure 3 so that the locking control structure 3 can drive the clamping pin 43 to move radially along the second sub-cavity 132.

[0038] In the second locking structure 4 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, when the tail wing is in the folded state and the front end of the locking control structure 3 abuts against the lower end of the first locking structure 2, the upper surface of the third pin cap 432 of the clamping pin 43 abuts against the inner top wall of the second sub-cavity 132, and the lower surface abuts against the upper surface of the second pin cap 412 of the second locking pin 41. At this time, the clamping pin 43 restricts the second locking pin 41 from protruding out of the mounting shell 1, and the second elastic member 42 is in a compressed state. When the tail wing needs to be deployed, the shape memory alloy wire 5 is heated, and the shape memory alloy wire 5 contracts to drive the locking control structure 3 to move. The lower part of the third pin body 431 of the clamping pin 43 is connected to the locking control structure 3, and the locking control structure 3 drives the clamping pin 43 to move radially along the second sub-cavity 132. The third pin cap 432 releases the constraint on the second pin cap 412, and the second locking pin 41 is unlocked. At this time, the elastic force of the second elastic member 42 assists the second locking pin 41 to move upward. Under the action of a preset torsional force, the rotating structure 6 rotates, driving the upper wing surface 7 of the tail wing to rotate until it is deployed in place. Then, the upper end of the second locking pin 41 protrudes out of the mounting shell 1 to lock the rotating structure 6, and the deployed tail wing is locked. The second locking structure 4 provided by the embodiment of the present application has a simple structure, is easy to implement, and is easy to operate.

[0039] Preferably, the first elastic member 22 is a compression spring. Of course, the first elastic member 22 can also be a spring or the like.

[0040] Furthermore, a retaining wall 133 is provided between the first sub-cavity 131 and the second sub-cavity 132. The retaining wall 133 extends in the same axial direction as the first cavity, and the distance from the top surface of the retaining wall 133 to the inner top wall of the second sub-cavity 132 is equal to the thickness of the abutment point between the second pin cap 412 and the third pin cap 432. When the empennage is in the folded state, the second locking pin 41 is retained by the retaining wall 133 and the retaining pin 43, preventing it from extending out of the mounting housing 1.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the upper surface of the second pin cap 412 that abuts the third pin cap 432 forms an acute angle with its own upper surface, and the upper surface of the third pin cap 432 that abuts the second pin cap 412 forms a corresponding acute angle with its own upper surface. This acute angle is less than the friction angle of the metal material from which the second and third pin caps 412 and 432 are made. This acute angle design allows the third pin cap 432 to better lock the second locking pin 41 and reduces the friction component. When the second locking pin 41 needs to be unlocked and extended out of the first subcavity 131, the clamping pin 43 can more quickly release the constraint on the second locking pin 41, allowing the second locking pin 41 to be unlocked more quickly.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the locking control structure 3 includes a movable pin 31. The movable pin 31 is disposed in the second cavity 12, with its front end abutting against the lower end surface of the first locking structure 2. Specifically, the front end of the movable pin 31 abuts against the lower end surface of the first pin cap 212 of the first locking pin 21. The middle and rear portion of the movable pin 31 is connected to the second locking structure 4, and the distal end is able to extend out of the second cavity 12.

[0043] The shape memory alloy wire 5 is clamped on the movable pin 31 , and one end of the shape memory alloy wire 5 facing away from the movable pin 31 is connected to a power source, which supplies power to the shape memory alloy wire 5 to heat the shape memory alloy wire 5 .

[0044] Furthermore, the locking control structure 3 also includes a wedge block 34 and a ring block 35. The wedge block 34 is cylindrical, and a blind hole is provided on the end face, and the front end of the movable pin 31 is inserted into the blind hole. The side wall of the wedge block 34 is provided with an inclined surface, and when the tail wing is folded, the inclined surface abuts against the lower end face of the second locking pin 41. The ring block 35 is sleeved on the movable pin 31 and clamped in the second cavity 12, and can move along the second cavity 12. The provision of the wedge block 34 makes the locking control structure 3 more convenient to process. The provision of the ring block 35 reduces the contact area between the movable pin 31 and the second cavity 12, thereby reducing the diameter of the movable pin 31 and reducing the force required for the movable pin 31 to move, so that the shape memory alloy wire 5 can drive the movable pin 31 to move and reduce energy loss.

[0045] Further, refer to Figure 2As shown, the locking control structure 3 further includes a third elastic member 32 and a fixed cylinder 33. The fixed cylinder 33 is mounted over the center-rear portion of the movable pin 31. Both the fixed cylinder 33 and the movable pin 31 are provided with radial through-holes for securing the second locking structure 4. Specifically, when the second locking structure 4 includes a clamping pin 43, the lower portion of the clamping pin 43 extends into the radial through-hole for securing. The third elastic member 32 is mounted over the distal end of the movable pin 31, with its ends respectively abutting against the distal end surface of the fixed cylinder 33 and the inner sidewall of the second cavity 12, and is always in a compressed state.

[0046] In the locking control structure 3 provided in this embodiment of the present invention, when the empennage is in the folded position, the front end of the movable pin 31 abuts against the lower end of the first locking structure 2. The front end of the first locking structure 2 extends out of the mounting housing 1 and engages the rotating structure 6, thereby folding and locking the empennage. At this point, the third elastic member 32 is in a compressed state, providing elastic force that forces the front end of the first locking control structure 3 to press more tightly against the lower end of the first locking structure 2, further securing the rotating structure 6. When the tail wing needs to be unfolded and locked, the shape memory alloy wire 5 is heated, and the shape memory alloy wire 5 contracts to drive the movable pin 31 to move along the contraction direction and the end extends out of the mounting shell 1. The lower part of the clamping pin 43 of the second locking structure 4 is fixed to the radial through hole set on the fixed cylinder 33 and the movable pin 31. The movable pin 31 drives the clamping pin 43 to move radially along the second sub-cavity 132. The third pin cap 432 of the movable pin 31 releases the constraint on the second pin cap 412 of the second locking pin 41. The second locking pin 41 moves upward to clamp the rotating structure 6 after rotation.

[0047] Furthermore, the outer sidewall of the fixed cylinder 33 is provided with an inclined surface, and the two ends of the second elastic member 42 of the second locking structure 4 abut against the lower end surface of the second locking pin 41 and the inclined surface of the fixed cylinder 33. The provision of the fixed cylinder 33 in the embodiment of the present application facilitates the provision of the second elastic member 42 and the third elastic member 32. The provision of the third elastic member 32 enables the movable pin 31 to press the first locking structure 2 more tightly. The third elastic member 32 is in a compressed state. When the tail needs to be restored to the folded state and the movable pin 31 returns to its original position, the third elastic member 32 can help the movable pin 31 return to its original position faster.

[0048] In practice, the wedge block 34, the ring block 35, the fixed cylinder 33 and the movable pin 31 are installed in place, and slots are provided on the opposite side walls corresponding to their positions. A slot is also provided at the corresponding position of the front end face of the wedge block 34. The shape memory alloy wire 5 is provided in the slot, so that the shape memory alloy wire 5 is clamped at the front end face and the opposite side wall of the locking control structure 3. When the shape memory alloy wire 5 shrinks due to heat, the locking control structure 3 can be subjected to more uniform force and move more stably.

[0049] The rotation structure 6 provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a first sleeve 61, a first mounting seat 62, a second mounting seat 63, a stabilizing shaft 64, and a torsion member 65. The first sleeve 61 is disposed on the upper wing surface 7 and its central axis is parallel to the rotation axis of the upper wing surface 7. Specifically, the first sleeve 61 is fixed to the upper wing surface 7.

[0050] On the lower wing surface 8, a first mounting seat 62 is respectively provided at both ends of the first sleeve 61. In practice, second sleeves are respectively preset at the positions where the first mounting seats 62 are provided. When the first mounting seats 62 are provided, the first mounting seats 62 are directly disposed in the second sleeves.

[0051] Both ends of the stabilizing shaft 64 are respectively fixed to a first mounting seat 62. The second mounting seat 63 is sleeved on the stabilizing shaft 64 and clamped in the middle of the sleeve, and a radial through hole is provided on the second mounting seat 63. The second mounting seat 63 is fixed to the first sleeve 61 and can rotate relative to the stabilizing shaft 64. A torsion member 65 is respectively provided between the second mounting seat 63 and each first mounting seat 62. The torsion member 65 is in a preset torsion state, so that the energy stored in the torsion member 65 can be used as the power source for the rotation of the upper wing surface 7 to complete the deployment of the tail wing.

[0052] A first through hole is provided at a position corresponding to the upper end position of the first locking structure 2 on the first sleeve 61, and a second through hole is provided at a position corresponding to the radial through hole of the second mounting seat 63.

[0053] For the rotation structure 6 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, when the tail wing is in the folded state, the upper end of the first locking structure 2 is snapped into the first through hole, and the tail wing is locked. When the tail wing needs to be deployed, the shape memory alloy wire 5 is heated, and the shape memory alloy wire 5 contracts to drive the locking control structure 3 to move. The front end of the locking control structure 3 releases the constraint on the lower end of the first locking structure 2, and the first locking structure 2 retracts into the first cavity 11, and the first sleeve 61 is unlocked. Since a torsion member 65 is respectively provided between the second mounting seat 63 and each first mounting seat 62, and the torsion member 65 is in a preset torsion state, when the first sleeve 61 is unlocked, the preset torsion force of the torsion member 65 is released. The first sleeve 61 and the second mounting seat 63 are both fixed to the upper wing surface 7 and can rotate relative to the stabilizing shaft 64. Therefore, at this time, the first sleeve 61 and the second mounting seat 63 rotate relative to the stabilizing shaft 64, driving the upper wing surface 7 to rotate. When the locking control structure 3 moves, the second locking structure 4 is unlocked, and its upper end extends out of the housing 1. When the radial through hole on the second mounting seat 63 and the second through hole on the first sleeve 61 rotate to the upper end position of the locking control structure 3, the upper end of the second locking structure 4 extends into the second through hole and the radial through hole to lock the deployed tail wing. The rotation structure 6 provided by the embodiment of the present application has a simple structure and is easy to implement.

[0054] Further, the torsion member 65 is a torsion spring. The torsion spring has a low cost and the material is easy to obtain.

[0055] As Figure 4 shown, a first through groove 14 and a second through groove 15 are provided on the mounting shell 1. The first through groove 14 is located at the position of the first locking structure 2, and the extending direction is consistent with the moving direction of the first locking structure 2. The second through groove 15 is located at the position of the second locking structure 4, and the extending direction is consistent with the moving direction of the second locking structure 4. In practice, after the tail wing is unfolded and locked and needs to be reset from the unfolded state to the folded state, a tooling is used to pull down the second locking structure 4 from the second through groove 15 into the third chamber to release the locking of the upper wing surface 7 in the unfolded state, and the upper wing surface 7 is manually folded to a given position. Then, the tooling is used to push the first locking structure 2 upward from the first through groove 14 to clamp the folded upper wing surface 7. At this time, the third elastic member 32 resists the cooled shape memory alloy wire 5, the first locking pin 21 moves upward under the action of the tooling, and the locking control structure 3 moves leftward under the action of the third elastic member 32, so that the first locking structure 2 and the second locking structure 4 are clamped. The first through groove 14 and the second through groove 15 provided on the mounting shell 1 in the embodiment of the present application can realize the reset of the tail wing from the unfolded state to the folded state.

[0056] Another embodiment of the present application provides a folding tail wing, including the locking mechanism of the folding tail wing described above.

[0057] Furthermore, the folding angle α of the folding tail wing is greater than 90°, so that when the folding tail wing is folded, the radial dimension of the folding tail wing can be reduced. Preferably, the folding angle α of the folding tail wing is 112°, so that when the folding tail wing is folded, the radial dimension of the folding tail wing is the smallest.

[0058] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other, and the key points of each embodiment are the differences from other embodiments.

[0059] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limiting the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A locking mechanism for a folding tail fin, characterized in that, It includes a rotating structure, a mounting shell, a first locking structure, a locking control structure, a second locking structure and a shape memory alloy wire; The rotating structure is arranged on the upper wing surface of the folding tail fin, fixed to the lower wing surface at both ends, and can drive the upper wing surface to rotate relative to the lower wing surface during rotation; The mounting shell is clamped inside the lower wing surface of the folding tail fin, and includes a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity that are communicated. The axes of the first cavity and the third cavity are perpendicular to the rotation axis of the upper wing surface, and the axis of the second cavity is parallel to the rotation axis of the upper wing surface; The first locking structure is arranged in the first cavity and can move along the axis of the first cavity. Its upper end can extend out of the mounting shell and latch onto the rotating structure; The second locking structure is arranged in the third cavity and can move along the axis of the third cavity. Its upper end can extend out of the mounting shell and latch onto the rotating structure, and its lower end is connected to the locking control structure; The shape memory alloy wire is connected to the locking control structure, and the locking control structure is arranged in the second cavity. When the shape memory alloy wire is in a cooled state, the front end of the locking control structure abuts against the lower end of the first locking structure, and makes the upper end of the first locking structure extend out of the mounting shell and latch onto the rotating structure, and the locking control structure restricts the second locking structure from extending out of the mounting shell; When the shape memory alloy wire is heated, the shape memory alloy wire shrinks and drives the locking control structure to move along the shrinking direction. The first locking structure retracts into the first cavity, the rotating structure rotates to drive the upper wing surface of the folding tail fin to rotate to the unfolded state, and at the same time the second locking structure is unlocked, and then its upper end extends out of the mounting shell and latches onto the rotating structure; The second locking structure includes a second locking pin, a second elastic member and a clamping pin; The third cavity includes a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity, and the first sub-cavity is higher than the second sub-cavity; The second locking pin and the second elastic member are arranged in the first sub-cavity. The second locking pin can move along the axis of the first sub-cavity, and the second elastic member is arranged between the locking control structure and the lower end surface of the second locking pin; The second locking pin includes a second pin body and a second pin cap, and the second pin cap is arranged at the lower end of the second pin body; The clamping pin includes a third pin body and a third pin cap. The third pin cap is arranged at the upper end of the third pin body. The third pin cap and the upper part of the third pin body are arranged in the second sub-cavity. The upper surface of the third pin cap abuts against the inner top wall of the second sub-cavity, and the lower surface can abut against the upper surface of the second pin cap to restrict the second locking pin from extending out of the mounting shell. The lower part of the third pin body is connected to the locking control structure, so that the locking control structure can drive the clamping pin to move radially along the second sub-cavity; 2. The locking mechanism of the folding tail fin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first locking structure includes a first locking pin and a first elastic member; The first locking pin includes a first pin body and a first pin cap, and the first pin cap is arranged at the lower end of the first pin body; The first pin cap is clamped in the first cavity and can move along the axial direction of the first cavity, so that the front end of the first pin body can extend out of the mounting shell and clamp the rotating structure; The first elastic member is sleeved on the first pin body; The lower end surface of the first pin cap abuts against the front end of the locking control structure.

3. The locking mechanism of the folding tail fin according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper surface of the second pin cap that abuts against the third pin cap forms an acute angle with its own upper surface, and the upper surface of the third pin cap that abuts against the second pin cap forms a corresponding acute angle with its own upper surface.

4. The locking mechanism of the folding tail fin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking control structure includes a moving pin; The moving pin is arranged in the second cavity, the front end abuts against the lower end surface of the first locking structure, the middle and rear parts are connected to the second locking structure, and the end can extend out of the second cavity; The shape memory alloy wire is clamped on the moving pin.

5. The locking mechanism of the folding tail fin according to claim 4, characterized in that The locking control structure further includes a third elastic member and a fixing cylinder; The fixing cylinder is sleeved on the middle and rear parts of the moving pin, and radial through holes are arranged on the fixing cylinder and the moving pin, and the radial through holes are used to fix the second locking structure; The third elastic member is sleeved on the end of the moving pin, and both ends respectively abut against the end face of the fixing cylinder and the inner side wall of the second cavity, and are always in a compressed state.

6. The locking mechanism of the folding tail fin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating structure includes a first sleeve, a first mounting seat, a second mounting seat, a stabilizing shaft and a torsion member; The first sleeve is arranged on the upper wing surface and the central axis is parallel to the rotation axis of the upper wing surface; On the lower wing surface, a first mounting seat is respectively arranged at the positions of both ends of the first sleeve; Both ends of the stabilizing shaft are respectively fixed to a first mounting seat; The second mounting seat is sleeved on the stabilizing shaft and clamped in the middle of the sleeve, and a radial through hole is arranged on the second mounting seat; A torsion member is respectively arranged between the second mounting seat and each first mounting seat, and the torsion member is in a preset torsion state; A first through hole is arranged at the position corresponding to the upper end position of the first locking structure on the first sleeve, and a second through hole is arranged at the position corresponding to the radial through hole of the second mounting seat.

7. The locking mechanism of the folding tail fin according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first through groove and a second through groove are arranged on the mounting shell; The first through groove is located at the position of the first locking structure, and the extending direction is consistent with the moving direction of the first locking structure; The second through groove is located at the position of the second locking structure, and the extending direction is consistent with the moving direction of the second locking structure.

8. A folding tail fin, characterized in that, It includes the locking mechanism of the folding tail wing according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The folding tail fin according to claim 8, wherein, The folding angle of the folding tail wing is greater than 90°.

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