A low-cost method for the production of Mn-Cu based damping alloys and the resulting high mechanical / damping performance alloys and applications

Abstract

A low-cost preparation method of Mn-Cu-based damping alloy, and the obtained high mechanical / damping performance alloy and application. The present application belongs to the field of damping alloy material preparation. The purpose of the present application is to solve the technical problem that the current existing Mn-Cu-based damping alloy has high production cost, and thus cannot be produced in large volume and large quantity. The method of the present application is as follows: metal raw materials are weighed according to the proportions of Cu 28%, Ni 5.3%, Fe 1.8%, Zn 1.9%, Ce 0.4%, and Mn 62.6% by mass fraction; then smelting is performed, and after melting, a covering agent is added to remove slag and a deoxidizer is added; then refining and casting are performed; finally, solid solution and aging treatment are performed to obtain the Mn-Cu-based damping alloy. The preparation method of the present application is simple, the production cost is relatively low, it meets the actual production application, and it is easy to mass-produce. The obtained alloy has high mechanical and damping performance. It has a more extensive application prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of damping alloy material preparation, and particularly relates to a low-cost preparation method of Mn-Cu-based damping alloy and high-mechanical / damping performance alloy and application. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rapid development of modern science and technology promotes the continuous progress of industrial civilization, and various mechanical equipment tends to be more high-speed and high-power, which causes increasingly prominent vibration and noise problems. Damping alloy is a kind of functional structural material, which mainly absorbs external vibration energy through various damping mechanisms inside the material and irreversibly dissipates the energy by converting it into heat energy, so as to make the system achieve a certain vibration and noise reduction effect. Damping alloys are various, and are generally divided into complex phase type, dislocation type, twinning type, ferromagnetic type and Fe-Mn-based damping alloy according to the damping mechanism. Among them, the twinning type damping alloy represented by Mn-Cu-based alloy is one of the earliest types of damping alloys, and is also the first type of damping alloy to be put into commercial production. Because the Mn-Cu-based damping alloy has high damping performance and good comprehensive mechanical properties, and its damping performance is not affected by the magnetic field, it has attracted much attention. It is widely used in submarine propellers, ship pedestals, and mechanical parts such as fasteners, gears and bearings for vibration and noise reduction equipment.

[0003] At present, the preparation methods of the alloy mainly include vacuum induction furnace melting, medium-frequency induction furnace melting, powder metallurgy and selective laser melting technology. Compared with the above methods, because the vapor pressure of Mn element is relatively high, it is necessary to use a vacuum induction furnace for melting, and argon gas needs to be injected as a protective gas to inhibit the volatilization of Mn element. Therefore, it is difficult to meet the requirements of large volume and mass production in practical applications. The powder metallurgy and selective laser melting technology need to use alloy powder for preparation, which greatly increases the production cost of the alloy. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to solve the technical problem that the current Mn-Cu-based damping alloy has high production cost and cannot be produced in large volume and large quantity, and provides a low-cost preparation method of Mn-Cu-based damping alloy, and high-mechanical / damping performance alloy and application.

[0005] The application achieves the above-mentioned purpose by the following technical solutions.

[0006] One of the purposes of the application is to provide a low-cost preparation method of Mn-Cu-based damping alloy, which is performed according to the following steps.

[0007] S1: take metal raw materials according to the proportion of Cu 28wt.%, Ni 5.3wt.%, Fe 1.8wt.%, Zn 1.9wt.%, Ce 0.4wt.%, Mn 62.6wt.%;

[0008] S2: put the metal raw materials into a crucible, then put the crucible into a preheated mold, and melt in a melting furnace, after the metal raw materials are melted, add a covering agent, after slagging, add a deoxidizing agent, after deoxidizing, add the covering agent again and slagging;

[0009] S3: after S2, refine for a certain time, then cast, and after cooling, obtain an alloy ingot;

[0010] S4: solid solution treatment is performed on the alloy ingot, then aging treatment is performed, and air cooling is performed to room temperature, to obtain a Mn-Cu-based damping alloy.

[0011] Further limitation, in S2, first put the metal manganese at the bottom of the crucible, then put the other metal raw materials into the crucible in the order of low to high melting point.

[0012] Further limitation, in S2, the crucible is a magnesium oxide crucible.

[0013] Further limitation, in S2, the preheating temperature is 350-450℃, and the holding time is 0.5h.

[0014] Further limitation, in S2, the melting temperature is 1300-1400℃.

[0015] Further limitation, in S2, the covering agent is ice crystal powder and borax.

[0016] Further limitation, in S2, the deoxidizing agent is Al, and the addition amount is 1.0% of the total mass of the alloy.

[0017] Further limitation, in S3, the refining time is 4-6min.

[0018] Further limitation, in S3, the casting is performed at 1250-1350℃.

[0019] Further limitation, in S4, the solid solution treatment temperature is 800-900℃, and the time is 0.5-1.5h.

[0020] Further limitation, in S4, the aging treatment temperature is 400-450℃, and the time is 3-5h.

[0021] The second object of the application is to provide a high mechanical / damping performance Mn-Cu-based damping alloy prepared by the above method, and the microstructure of the alloy is composed of γ-MnCu dendrites.

[0022] The third object of the present application is to provide an application of the Mn-Cu based damping alloy with high mechanical / damping performance prepared by the above method in a vibration and noise reduction device.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following remarkable effects:

[0024] (1) The present application refines the grain size of the alloy by adding Zn and Ce, and reduces the influence of some impurity elements on the damping performance of the alloy. The addition of Zn element can increase the martensite phase transition temperature and its reverse phase transition temperature, significantly increase the Gibbs free energy difference between the γ parent phase and the γ' phase generated by the FCC-FCT martensite phase transition, promote the generation of the face-centered tetragonal structure (FCT) γ' phase micro-twin structure, significantly increase the number of the structure, significantly improve the damping performance of the alloy, and increase the use temperature of the alloy, and reduce the decay of the damping capacity of the alloy at high temperature. The addition of appropriate amount of Ce element can refine the grain size of the Mn-Cu alloy, increase the grain boundary density, and reduce the content of impurity elements on the grain boundary, effectively purify the impurity elements in the alloy, significantly improve the damping performance of the alloy, and inhibit the precipitation of manganese-rich phase along the grain boundary, thereby inhibiting the decline of overaging damping performance. At the same time, the addition of appropriate amount of Er element reduces the pinning effect of impurity elements to a certain extent, improves the damping performance of the alloy, and reduces the sensitivity of room temperature aging.

[0025] (2) The melting method used in the present application is intermediate frequency induction melting, which does not need vacuum pumping and argon protection, and can be directly melted in the atmosphere, so that the preparation cost is low and the efficiency is high.

[0026] (3) The Mn-Cu based damping alloy prepared by the present application has a tensile strength of about 500 MPa and an elongation of about 50%.

[0027] (4) The preparation method of the present application is simple and has low production cost, which meets the actual production application and is easy to mass produce, and has a more extensive application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The OM image of the Mn-Cu based damping alloy prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 The SEM image of the Mn-Cu based damping alloy prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 The room temperature tensile curve of the Mn-Cu based damping alloy prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 The damping performance-frequency curve of the Mn-Cu based damping alloy prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 Damping property-temperature curve of the Mn-Cu based damping alloy prepared for Example 1 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only intended to explain the present application and not to limit the present application.

[0034] The experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, methods, and instruments used are all conventional materials, reagents, methods, and instruments in the art unless otherwise specified, and can be obtained by commercial channels by those skilled in the art.

[0035] The terms "comprising", "including", "containing", "have" or "including" or any other variant thereof used in the following examples are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, step, method, article, or device that comprises a listed element does not necessarily include only those elements, but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, step, method, article, or device.

[0036] When a range, a preferred range, or a range defined by a series of upper preferred values and lower preferred values for an equivalent, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed, it should be understood that all ranges formed by any pairings of an upper range limit or preferred value with a lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether the range is expressly disclosed, are specifically disclosed. For example, when a range "1 to 5" is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted to include ranges "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", etc. When numerical ranges are described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the end values and all integers and fractions within that range. In the specification and claims of the present application, range definitions can be combined and / or interchanged, unless otherwise stated, and these ranges include all sub-ranges contained therein.

[0037] The indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the present application are intended to be non-limiting regarding the number of elements or components. Accordingly, "a" or "an" should be interpreted to mean "one or at least one" and the singular form of an element or component should be interpreted to include the plural form, unless the number is obviously meant to be singular.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] The low-cost preparation method of the Mn-Cu based damping alloy of the present example is carried out in the following steps:

[0040] S1: high-purity metal manganese, metal zinc, metal cerium, metal copper, metal iron and metal nickel are weighed according to the proportion of Cu 28wt.%, Ni 5.3wt.%, Fe 1.8wt.%, Zn 1.9wt.%, Ce 0.4wt.% and Mn 62.6wt.%;

[0041] S2: it is checked whether the intermediate frequency induction furnace smelting equipment is normal, the magnesium oxide crucible and the sand mold are cleaned, then the high-purity metal manganese is placed at the bottom of the crucible, the high-purity metal zinc, the high-purity metal cerium, the high-purity metal copper, the high-purity metal iron and the high-purity metal nickel are sequentially placed into the crucible according to the order of the melting point of each metal raw material from low to high, then the crucible is placed into the mold preheated at 400 DEG C for 0.5h, smelting is carried out in the smelting furnace at 1350 DEG C, after the metal raw material is melted, the covering agent (the mass ratio of ice crystal powder and borax is 1:1) is added, after the slag is removed, 1.0wt% of Al is added, after deoxidation, the covering agent is added again and the slag is removed;

[0042] S3: after S2, the refining is carried out for 5min, then the casting is carried out at 1300 DEG C, after the casting, the alloy ingot is cooled to room temperature;

[0043] S4: the alloy ingot is subjected to solid solution treatment at 850 DEG C for 1h, then is subjected to aging treatment at 430 DEG C for 4h, and is air-cooled to room temperature, to obtain the Mn-Cu-based damping alloy.

[0044] Test experiment one:

[0045] The alloy is processed by electric spark, a sample of 10mm*10mm*3mm is cut from the Mn-Cu-based damping alloy obtained from example 1, and is polished, polished and etched. The microstructure is observed by an optical metallographic microscope, and the OM image is as shown in Figure 1 .

[0046] The microstructure of the sample is observed by a field emission scanning electron microscope, and the SEM image is as shown in Figure 2 .

[0047] As can be seen from Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the microstructure of the Mn-Cu-based damping alloy prepared in the application is mainly composed of γ-MnCu dendrites, and there is obvious segregation.

[0048] Test experiment two:

[0049] The mechanical properties of the alloy sample (the size is executed according to GB / T228-2002) are tested by an electronic universal mechanical testing machine, and the tensile curve is as shown in Figure 3 .

[0050] As can be seen from Figure 3The tensile strength of the alloy can be 528 MPa, and the yield strength can be 340 MPa.

[0051] Test three:

[0052] The alloy is processed by electric spark, and a 35mm*10mm*1mm sample is cut from the Mn-Cu-based damping alloy obtained from example 1. A dynamic thermal mechanical analyzer DMA-Q800 is used, a single cantilever clamp is used, the strain amplitude is 5*10 -4 , the temperature is room temperature, the frequency range is 0.1-200HZ, and the sample is tested as shown in Figure 4 .

[0053] A single cantilever clamp is used, the strain amplitude is 5*10 -4 , the frequency is 1HZ, and the temperature range is-100℃-150℃, and the sample is tested as shown in Figure 5 .

[0054] It can be obtained from Figure 4 that with the increase of vibration frequency, the room temperature damping performance of the alloy increases slowly, and when the frequency is about 160HZ, the room temperature damping performance of the alloy suddenly increases. It is shown that the Mn-Cu-based damping alloy is more suitable for the environment of room temperature and frequency of about 160HZ.

[0055] It can be obtained from Figure 5 that the damping performance of the Mn-Cu-based damping alloy has a peak value in a low-temperature environment, and the damping performance of the Mn-Cu-based damping alloy can also reach more than 0.02 in a room-temperature environment, which meets the application requirements in actual production.

[0056] In summary, the Mn-Cu-based damping alloy prepared by the application can meet the application requirements in actual production, and the preparation process is simple, the cost is low, it is easy to popularize, and has a wider application prospect.

[0057] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the application, these specific embodiments are different implementation manners based on the overall concept of the application, and the protection scope of the application is not limited to this, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the application. Therefore, the protection scope of the application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A low cost production method of Mn-Cu based damping alloys, characterized in that, The following steps are taken: S1: the metal raw materials are weighed according to the proportions of Cu 28wt.%, Ni 5.3wt.%, Fe 1.8wt.%, Zn 1.9wt.%, Ce 0.4wt.%, and Mn 62.6wt.%; S2: the metal raw materials are placed in a crucible, which is then placed in a preheated mold and melted in a smelting furnace. After the metal raw materials are melted, a covering agent is added, and after slagging, a deoxidizing agent is added. After deoxidation, the covering agent is added again and slagged. S3: after S2, the alloy is refined for a certain time, then cast, and after cooling, the alloy ingot is obtained. S4: the alloy ingot is subjected to solid solution treatment, followed by aging treatment, and then air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the Mn-Cu-based damping alloy.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, In S2, the metal manganese is placed at the bottom of the crucible, and then the other metal raw materials are placed in the crucible in the order of low to high melting point.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, In S2, the preheating temperature is 350-450℃, and the holding time is 0.5h.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, In S2, the smelting temperature is 1300-1400℃.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, In S2, the covering agent is ice powder and borax, and the deoxidizing agent is Al, with an addition amount of 1.0% of the total mass of the alloy.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, In S3, the refining time is 4-6min.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, In S3, the casting is carried out at 1250-1350℃.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein, In S4, the solid solution treatment temperature is 800-900℃, the time is 0.5-1.5h, the aging treatment temperature is 400-450℃, and the time is 3-5h.

9. The high mechanical / damping performance Mn-Cu based damping alloy produced by the method of any one of claims 1-8, characterized by, The alloy structure is composed of γ-MnCu dendrites.

10. The application of the high-mechanical / damping Mn-Cu-based damping alloy prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-8 in vibration and noise reduction equipment.

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