A sand suction device for sand mining by self-unloading sand ship

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship. The present invention relates to the technical field of sand mining ships, and includes a water cutter and a water cutter pipe. The water cutter pipe is installed at the bottom of the water cutter. The sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship realizes rotary annular water jet cutting of sand and pebbles in different ranges by adjusting the specific positioning and installation position of the seam control ring through the thread on the cone head. It can focus on cutting and crushing the sand and pebbles with high hardness and large blocks on the riverbed, and can focus on crushing the piles of sand and pebbles on the riverbed, thereby increasing the tolerance of the incision and the crushing of the riverbed sand and pebbles, improving the crushing effect of the crushing disk on the sand and pebbles, and being able to absorb and collect various types of sand and pebbles, completing the automatic collection of sand and pebbles below the surface of the riverbed by the sand suction device, and being able to exert the maximum blocking effect of the shield component to prevent the splashing of sand and pebbles, and being suitable for use in areas with a large number of small sand and pebbles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sand dredging ships, in particular to a sand suction device for sand dredging by a self-unloading sand ship. Background Art

[0002] The sand extraction operation of a sand suction vessel involves the dredge pump installed in the vessel's cabin discharging the sucked-up mud into a mud barge. The loading process of the sand suction vessel into the mud barge is divided into two stages: the loading stage and the overflow stage. The loading stage begins with the dredge pump transferring the sucked-up mud into the mud barge cabin through the mud discharge pipe, and continues until the mud level in the cabin reaches the level of the mud barge overflow hole.

[0003] The existing sand suction device cannot efficiently cut and crush hard and large sand and pebbles, which makes the sand suction pump easily stalled or blocked by hard and large sand and pebbles. At the same time, it cannot solve the problem that special sand and pebbles on the riverbed are difficult to cut and crush. The crushing method is single and inefficient, and the working conditions it can cope with are single. It cannot handle complex working conditions and riverbed sand and pebbles with inconsistent height or uneven upper sand and pebbles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship, comprising a water cutter and a water cutter pipe. The water cutter pipe is installed at the bottom of the water cutter and is used to water cut and crush riverbed sand and pebbles. The water cutter pipe includes an impact column. A high-pressure pump is fixedly installed on the top of the impact column and the top is assembled on the bottom of the water cutter. A crushing cone is assembled on the end of the impact column away from the high-pressure pump.

[0005] The crushing cone includes a cone head assembled at the bottom of the impact column, and the outer surface of the cone head is provided with water spray holes in a circular array, and the water spray holes are opened at the end away from the retaining ring. The water spray holes penetrate the outer surface of the cone head and are connected to the interior thereof;

[0006] The auxiliary plate assembly is assembled between the high-pressure pump and the water cutter, and is used to support and adjust the inclination angle of the sand crushing assembly. The auxiliary plate assembly includes a connecting plate 1 rotatably mounted on the bottom of the water cutter, which can rotate around the impact column through the water cutter. The end of the connecting plate 1 away from the water cutter is equipped with a connecting plate 2;

[0007] The sand crushing assembly is assembled at the bottom of the free end of the second connecting plate and is used for crushing and pumping out riverbed sand and pebbles. The sand crushing assembly includes a frustum assembled at the bottom of the second connecting plate, an output shaft is installed in the middle of one end of the frustum away from the second connecting plate, a crushing disk is fixedly installed in the middle of one end of the output shaft away from the frustum, a driving motor is installed in the middle of one side of the second connecting plate away from the frustum, the output shaft is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor through the frustum, and can drive the crushing disk to rotate under the drive of the driving motor, wherein a slot is provided on the outer surface of the frustum, and the diagonal support plate is inserted into the frustum through the slot;

[0008] A sand suction main pipe is assembled on the cone body and is used to transport the crushed riverbed sand and pebbles to the sand suction ship;

[0009] The shield assembly is assembled on the frustum body and is used to block the splashing riverbed sand and pebbles.

[0010] Preferably, a diagonal support plate is installed between the impact column and the high-pressure pump and is rotatably installed on the impact column. A retaining ring is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the impact column and is located at the bottom of the diagonal support plate to block splashing riverbed sand and pebbles.

[0011] Preferably, a cone rod is fixedly installed on the middle part of the inner side of the cone head, and a control seam ring is threadedly installed on the outer surface of the cone head, and is installed near one end of the water spray hole. The thread on the cone head can be adjusted to change the blocking range of the water spray hole, control the change range of the water spray range of the water spray hole, and change the diameter of the ring where the annular water knife formed by the water spray hole is located.

[0012] Preferably, a special-shaped plug is embedded in the interior of the cone head for mechanically sealing the water spray hole. A spiral inlet pipe is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner side of the cone head and is connected to the cone rod as a whole. When the special-shaped plug seals the water spray hole, the high-pressure water flow can be directly guided to the inside of the cone rod, so that the water jet is directly ejected from the middle position of the bottom of the cone rod, which can concentrate on cutting and crushing the riverbed sand and pebbles with high hardness and large size.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting ends of the connecting plate 1 and the connecting plate 2 are fixedly installed with buckles, and a rotating column is assembled on the inner middle part of the buckle. The connecting plate 1 is rotatably installed with the connecting plate 2 through the cooperation of the buckle and the rotating column.

[0014] Preferably, the crushing disk includes a disk body fixedly mounted on the output shaft, the outer surface of the disk body is fixedly mounted with external cutters in an effective array, an arc cutter is fixedly connected between the external cutter and the edge of the disk body, and a thickened wall is fixedly mounted at the portion where the arc cutter is connected to the disk body, wherein the two edges where the arc cutter is connected to the external cutter are arranged at a guide bevel angle, which is used to enhance the toughness and strength of the portion where the arc cutter and the external cutter are connected, thereby increasing the service life of both.

[0015] Preferably, a groove is provided in the middle of the end of the disc away from the output shaft, and cuts are provided in a circular array around the groove and are provided on the far side of the disc, and the edges between the groove and the cut are chamfered to improve the structural strength of the contact surface between the disc and the riverbed sand and pebbles, and improve the collision resistance of the disc. Reinforcing ribs are installed in a circular array at the end of the disc away from the output shaft, and are fixedly installed on the edges of the straight opening of the cut, thereby increasing the tolerance of the cut and the riverbed sand and pebbles during crushing.

[0016] Preferably, the sand suction main pipe includes a sand suction pump fixedly mounted on the frustum body, and is installed on the side close to the second connecting plate. The sand discharge end flange of the sand suction pump is equipped with a sand discharge pipe. A sand suction pipe is fixedly connected to the same side of the bottom of the frustum body, and is arranged close to one end of the output shaft for sucking and collecting the broken sand and pebbles on the riverbed. The outlet end of the sand suction pipe passes through the frustum body and is connected to the input end of the sand suction pump.

[0017] Preferably, the guard assembly includes a mounting ring which is sleeved on the frustum body and is arranged near one end of the second connecting plate. A steel ring is installed through the middle position of the inner part of the mounting ring, and brackets are slidably installed on the mounting ring through the steel ring. There are five brackets in number. A baffle is fixedly connected to each of the brackets and is arranged at one end away from the steel ring. Ribs are fixedly connected to the two curved surfaces of each baffle. On the one hand, the firmness of the baffle surface can be enhanced. On the other hand, the riverbed sand and pebbles that hit the baffle can be diverted to both sides and pushed away, thereby reducing the resistance when rotating in the riverbed sand and pebble pile.

[0018] Preferably, strong magnets are fixedly installed on both sides of each baffle. Under the action of magnetic attraction, the five baffles can be closed together to form a complete arc-shaped baffle cover. When the baffles are installed on the mounting ring at equal intervals, each bracket is positioned and installed with bolts and steel rings.

[0019] The present invention provides a sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The sand suction device of the self-unloading sand ship can change the blocking range of the water spray hole and control the variation range of the water spray range of the water spray hole by adjusting the specific positioning and installation position of the seam control ring on the cone head. It can change the diameter of the circular ring where the annular water jet formed by the water spray hole is located, thereby realizing the rotary annular water jet cutting of sand and gravel within different ranges.

[0021] 2. The sand suction device of the self-unloading sand ship can transmit high-pressure water flow into the inner side of the crushing cone by retaining the special-shaped plug and using the special-shaped plug to block the water spray hole, so that the water flow is ejected from the middle of the bottom end of the cone rod through the spiral inlet pipe. It can concentrate on cutting and crushing the hard and large sand and pebbles on the riverbed, and specifically solves the problem that special sand and pebbles on the riverbed are difficult to cut and crush.

[0022] 3. The sand suction device of the self-unloading sand mining ship removes the special-shaped plug and then releases the blockage of the special-shaped plug on the water spray hole, so that water flows out through the water spray hole and the cone rod. At this time, the high-pressure water flow is divided into a straight and vertical downward water jet and another annular inclined water jet. Although the local pressure of the water jet is reduced, it can efficiently cut and crush the sand and gravel around the crushing cone, and can also start the impact column to drive the cone rod to impact and crush the large sand and gravel.

[0023] 4. The sand suction device of the self-unloading sand ship can rotate together with the auxiliary plate assembly driven by the water cutter through the water cutting pipe, thereby realizing three crushing modes of sand and gravel: water jet linear cutting, impact crushing and circular water jet rotary cutting. It can improve the crushing effect of sand and gravel while improving the crushing efficiency, and can carry out centralized crushing of piles of sand and gravel on the riverbed.

[0024] 5. The sand suction device of the self-unloading sand ship uses chamfering processing on the edges between the groove and the incision to improve the structural strength of the contact surface between the disc body and the riverbed sand and pebbles, and improve the collision resistance of the disc body. The end of the disc body away from the output shaft is equipped with reinforcing ribs in a circular array and fixedly installed on the edge of the straight opening of the incision, thereby increasing the tolerance of the incision and the riverbed sand and pebbles during crushing.

[0025] 6. The sand suction device of the self-unloading sand ship drives the cone body at the bottom of the connecting plate to rotate counterclockwise by starting the rotating column to switch the working plane of the crushing disk to a state horizontal to the ground, so that the crushing disk can deeply cut and crush the sand and gravel under the surface of the riverbed. At this time, the contact area between the bottom of the crushing disk and the sand and gravel reaches the maximum, which can further improve the crushing effect of the crushing disk on the sand and gravel, and can combine the cutting effect of the water cutting pipe on the hardness and large sand and gravel, and use the free adjustment of the counterclockwise and clockwise rotation of the crushing disk to crush the surface and edges of the high-hardness sand and gravel that have become smaller in size, thereby realizing the function of the sand suction device to completely crush the hardness and large sand and gravel.

[0026] 7. The sand suction device of the self-unloading sand ship can crush the hard sand and pebbles with the help of the outer knife following the clockwise rotation of the crushing disk, and can also directly cut and crush the crushed sand and pebbles through the arc knife following the counterclockwise rotation of the crushing disk. With the changes in the two rotation directions and the mutual promotion of the crushing methods, the sand and pebbles with high hardness and large size can be completely crushed. When facing such sand and pebbles, the sand suction device can also ensure the smooth operation of the device and the collection and utilization of such sand and pebbles.

[0027] 8. The sand suction device of the self-unloading sand ship can separately crush the hard and small sand and pebbles at the bottom of the crushing disk by strengthening the edge tolerance of the straight opening of the incision through the reinforcing ribs, so that the sand suction device can absorb and collect various types of sand and pebbles.

[0028] 9. The sand suction device of the self-unloading sand ship is covered around the sand crushing assembly in an umbrella shape through the protective cover component. At this time, the protective cover component can exert its maximum blocking effect to prevent sand and pebbles from splashing, and can be used in areas with a large number of small sand and pebbles.

[0029] 10. The sand suction device of the self-unloading sand ship extends into the interior of the riverbed sand and gravel through the protective cover assembly, uses the water cutter to drive the sand crushing assembly to rotate clockwise, and uses the baffle to push away the sand and gravel on the surface of the riverbed to expose the sand and gravel under the riverbed. Then, the sand crushing assembly and the water cutter pipe work together to crush the sand and gravel, and the sand suction main pipe collects the crushed sand and gravel, so as to complete the automatic collection of sand and gravel below the surface of the riverbed by the sand suction device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the water cutting pipe of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a crushing cone according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the crushing cone of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the sand suction main pipe and the sand crushing assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crushing disk of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shield assembly of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sand suction main pipe of the present invention.

[0039] Figure: 1. Water cutter; 2. Water cutter fittings; 21. Impact column; 22. High-pressure pump; 23. Diagonal support plate; 24. Retaining ring; 25. Crushing cone; 251. Cone head; 252. Water spray hole; 253. Cone rod; 254. Seam control ring; 255. Special-shaped plug; 256. Spiral inlet pipe; 3. Auxiliary plate assembly; 31. Connecting plate 1; 32. Retaining ring; 33. Connecting plate 2; 34. Rotating column; 4. Sand crushing assembly; 41. Cone body; 42. Output shaft; 43. Crushing disc; 431. Disc body; 432. Outer knife; 433. Arc knife; 434. Thickened wall; 435. Incision; 436. Reinforcement rib; 44. Drive motor; 5. Sand suction main pipe; 51. Sand suction pump; 52. Sand discharge pipe; 53. Sand suction pipe; 6. Shield assembly; 61. Mounting ring; 62. Steel ring; 63. Baffle; 64. Bracket; 65. Rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are provided for purposes of illustration and description and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments are chosen and described to better illustrate the principles of the invention and its practical application, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific applications.

[0041] The first embodiment, as Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship, comprising a water cutter 1 and a water cutter pipe 2. The water cutter pipe 2 is installed at the bottom of the water cutter 1 and is used to water cut and crush riverbed sand and pebbles. The water cutter pipe 2 includes an impact column 21. A high-pressure pump 22 is fixedly installed on the top of the impact column 21, and the top is assembled to the bottom of the water cutter 1. A crushing cone 25 is assembled at the end of the impact column 21 away from the high-pressure pump 22.

[0042] The crushing cone 25 includes a cone head 251 assembled at the bottom of the impact column 21. The outer surface of the cone head 251 is provided with a circular array of water spray holes 252, which are opened at the end away from the retaining ring 24. The water spray holes 252 penetrate the outer surface of the cone head 251 and communicate with the interior thereof.

[0043] The auxiliary plate assembly 3 is assembled between the high-pressure pump 22 and the water cutter 1 and is used to support and adjust the inclination angle of the sand crushing assembly 4. The auxiliary plate assembly 3 includes a connecting plate 1 31 rotatably mounted on the bottom of the water cutter 1. It can rotate around the impact column 21 through the water cutter 1. The end of the connecting plate 1 31 away from the water cutter 1 is equipped with a connecting plate 2 33;

[0044] The sand crushing assembly 4 is assembled at the bottom of the free end of the second connecting plate 33 and is used for crushing and pumping riverbed sand and pebbles. The sand crushing assembly 4 includes a frustum 41 assembled at the bottom of the second connecting plate 33. An output shaft 42 is installed in the middle of one end of the frustum 41 away from the second connecting plate 33. A crushing disk 43 is fixedly installed in the middle of one end of the output shaft 42 away from the frustum 41. A driving motor 44 is installed in the middle of one side of the second connecting plate 33 away from the frustum 41. The output shaft 42 is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 44 through the frustum 41, and can drive the crushing disk 43 to rotate under the drive of the driving motor 44. A card slot is provided on the outer surface of the frustum 41, and the diagonal support plate 23 is inserted into the frustum 41 through the card slot, so that the sand crushing assembly 4 can be assembled as a whole according to the instructions attached. Figure 1 In the structural form, the sand crushing assembly 4 is positioned and assembled with the water cutting pipe 2 at a 45° tilt angle as a whole, which serves as an operating mode of the sand suction device;

[0045] A sand suction main pipe 5 is assembled on the cone body 41 and is used to transport the crushed riverbed sand and pebbles to the sand suction ship;

[0046] The shield assembly 6 is assembled on the frustum body 41 and is used to block the splashing riverbed sand and pebbles.

[0047] A diagonal support plate 23 is installed between the impact column 21 and the high-pressure pump 22, and is rotatably installed on the impact column 21. A retaining ring 24 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the impact column 21 and is located at the bottom of the diagonal support plate 23 to block splashing riverbed sand and pebbles. A water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer surface of the impact column 21.

[0048] The connecting ends of the connecting plate 1 31 and the connecting plate 2 33 are fixedly installed with a buckle 32, and the inner middle part of the buckle 32 is assembled with a rotating column 34. The connecting plate 1 31 is rotatably installed with the connecting plate 2 33 through the buckle 32 and the rotating column 34.

[0049] The sand suction main pipe 5 includes a sand suction pump 51 fixedly mounted on the frustum body 41 and installed on the side close to the second connecting plate 33. The sand discharge end flange of the sand suction pump 51 is equipped with a sand discharge pipe 52. A sand suction pipe 53 is fixedly connected to the same side of the bottom of the frustum body 41 and is arranged near one end of the output shaft 42 for sucking and collecting the broken sand and pebbles on the riverbed. The outlet end of the sand suction pipe 53 passes through the frustum body 41 and is connected to the input end of the sand suction pump 51.

[0050] The shield assembly 6 includes a mounting ring 61 which is sleeved on the frustum body 41 and is arranged near one end of the connecting plate 2 33. A steel ring 62 is installed through the middle position of the inner part of the mounting ring 61, and a bracket 64 is slidably installed on the mounting ring 61 through the steel ring 62. There are five brackets 64 in number. A baffle 63 is fixedly connected to each bracket 64 and is arranged at one end away from the steel ring 62. In addition, ribs 65 are fixedly connected to the two curved surfaces of each baffle 63. On the one hand, the firmness of the surface of the baffle 63 can be enhanced. On the other hand, the riverbed sand and pebbles that hit the baffle 63 can be diverted to both sides and pushed away, thereby reducing the resistance when rotating in the riverbed sand and pebble pile.

[0051] Among them, strong magnets are fixedly installed on both sides of each baffle 63. Under the action of magnetic attraction, the five baffles 63 can be combined into a complete arc-shaped baffle cover, and the bracket 64 is fixed to the mounting ring 61 by bolts. When each baffle 63 is installed on the mounting ring 61 at equal intervals, each bracket 64 is positioned and installed with the steel ring 62 by bolts.

[0052] When in use, the sand suction device is assembled as a whole at the stern of the sand suction ship, the water pumping end of the water pump is inserted into the river water through the filter pipe, and the water supply pipe of the water pump is connected to the water inlet pipe. Then, the high-pressure pump 22 is started to pressurize the water and the water is directly delivered to the cone head 251. The sand and pebbles are cut by the ejected water jet. On the one hand, the size of the sand and pebbles can be reduced, and on the other hand, the sand and pebbles can be cut with the help of river water, which effectively utilizes the river water resources while avoiding a large amount of dust during cutting. It also has the effect of auxiliary cooling. Subsequently, the auxiliary plate assembly 3, the sand crushing assembly 4, the sand suction main pipe 5 and the shield assembly 6 are maintained at Figure 1 In the assembly form, the sand crushing assembly 4 is driven by the rotation of the water cutter 1 to circularly rotate and crush the sand and pebbles around the water cutter pipe 2, and finally the crushed sand and pebbles blocked and gathered by the shield assembly 6 are uniformly transported to the sand suction ship for storage through the sand suction main pipe 5. The above operations complete the automatic cutting, crushing and drainage of riverbed sand and pebbles by the sand suction device.

[0053] Among them, under the cooperation of the guard assembly 6 that is closed into one, when the sand crushing assembly 4 rotates clockwise under the drive of the water cutter 1, and the crushing disk 43 crushes the sand and pebbles around it, the guard assembly 6 can not only unilaterally block and intercept the splashing sand and pebbles, but also gather and collect the crushed sand and pebbles, and speed up the collection of crushed sand and pebbles by the sand suction pipe 53 installed between the guard assembly 6 and the sand crushing assembly 4.

[0054] It is also possible to adjust the hoisting height of the sand suction device above the riverbed sand and pebbles as a whole: when the shield assembly 6 is just level with the horizontal base surface of the riverbed sand and pebbles, the water cutter 1 is used to drive the sand crushing assembly 4 to rotate counterclockwise, and the sand and pebbles with uneven horizontal heights on the riverbed are first flattened by the baffle 63, and then crushed by the sand crushing assembly 4, automatically providing a good horizontal crushing environment for the sand crushing assembly 4, so that the sand crushing assembly 4 will not be damaged by individual protruding sand and pebbles, and the sand crushing assembly 4 can be crushed. The smooth operation provides a good working environment and effectively guarantees the service life of the sand crushing assembly 4; the shield component 6 can also be extended into the interior of the riverbed sand and gravel, and the water cutter 1 can be used to drive the sand crushing assembly 4 to rotate clockwise, and the baffle 63 can be used to push away the sand and gravel on the surface of the riverbed to expose the sand and gravel under the riverbed, and then the sand crushing assembly 4 and the water cutter pipe 2 can be combined to crush the sand and gravel together, and the sand suction main pipe 5 can collect the crushed sand and gravel to complete the automatic collection of sand and gravel below the surface of the riverbed by the sand suction device.

[0055] The second embodiment, based on the first embodiment, see Figures 3 to 5 As shown, a cone rod 253 is fixedly installed in the middle part of the inner side of the cone head 251, and a seam control ring 254 is threadedly installed on the outer surface of the cone head 251 and is installed near one end of the water spray hole 252. The threaded adjustment on the cone head 251 can change the blocking range of the water spray hole 252, control the variation range of the water spray range of the water spray hole 252, and change the diameter of the circular ring where the annular water jet formed by the water spray hole 252 is located to achieve rotary annular water jet cutting of sand and gravel within different ranges; a special-shaped plug 255 is embedded in the interior of the cone head 251 for mechanically blocking the water spray hole 252, and a spiral inlet pipe 256 is fixedly installed in the middle part of the inner side of the cone head 251 and is connected to the cone rod 253 as a whole. When the special-shaped plug 255 blocks the water spray hole 252, the high-pressure water flow can be directly guided into the interior of the cone rod 253, so that the water jet is directly sprayed out from the middle part of the bottom end of the cone rod 253.

[0056] During use, when high-pressure water flow is delivered to the inner side of the crushing cone 25, the special-shaped plug 255 can be retained and used to block the water spray hole 252, so that the water flow is ejected from the middle part of the bottom end of the cone rod 253 through the spiral inlet pipe 256. This can concentrate on cutting and crushing hard and large sand and gravel on the riverbed, specifically solving the problem of difficult cutting and crushing of special sand and gravel on the riverbed;

[0057] It is also possible to remove the special-shaped plug 255 and then release the blockage of the special-shaped plug 255 on the water spray hole 252, so that water flows out through the water spray hole 252 and the cone rod 253. At this time, the high-pressure water flow is divided into a straight and vertically downward water jet and another annular inclined water jet. Although the local pressure of the water jet is reduced, the sand and gravel around the crushing cone 25 can be efficiently cut and crushed, and the impact column 21 can also be started to drive the cone rod 253 to impact and crush the large sand and gravel. Among them, the water cutting pipe 2 can rotate together with the auxiliary plate assembly 3 driven by the water cutting machine 1, thereby realizing three crushing forms of water jet linear cutting, impact crushing and annular water jet rotary cutting of sand and gravel, which can improve the crushing effect of sand and gravel while improving the crushing efficiency, and can carry out centralized crushing of sand and gravel piled on the riverbed.

[0058] The third embodiment, based on the first and second embodiments, see Figure 2 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the crushing disk 43 includes a disk body 431 fixedly mounted on the output shaft 42, and the outer surface of the disk body 431 is fixedly mounted with an outer knife 432 in an effective array, and an arc knife 433 is fixedly connected between the outer knife 432 and the edge of the disk body 431, and a thickened wall 434 is fixedly mounted at the portion where the arc knife 433 and the disk body 431 are connected, wherein the two edges where the arc knife 433 and the outer knife 432 are connected are set at a guide angle, which is used to strengthen the toughness of the connection between the arc knife 433 and the outer knife 432 and improve the service life of both; the disk body 431 is away from the output A groove is provided in the middle of one end of the shaft 42, and cutouts 435 are provided in a circular array around the groove and are provided on the far side of the disc body 431. The edges between the groove and the cutout 435 are chamfered to improve the structural strength of the contact surface between the disc body 431 and the riverbed sand and pebbles, and to improve the collision resistance of the disc body 431. Reinforcing ribs 436 are installed in a circular array at the end of the disc body 431 away from the output shaft 42, and are fixedly installed on the edges of the straight opening of the cutout 435 to increase the tolerance of the cutout 435 and the riverbed sand and pebbles when crushed.

[0059] When in use, the rotating column 34 can be started to drive the cone body 41 at the bottom of the connecting plate 2 33 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the working plane of the crushing disk 43 can be switched to a state horizontal to the ground, so that the crushing disk 43 can deeply cut and crush the sand and gravel under the surface of the riverbed. At this time, the contact area between the bottom of the crushing disk 43 and the sand and gravel reaches the maximum, which can further improve the crushing effect of the crushing disk 43 on the sand and gravel, and can combine the cutting effect of the water cutting pipe 2 on the sand and gravel with high hardness and large size, and use the free adjustment of the counterclockwise and clockwise rotation of the crushing disk 43 to cut the surface of the high-hardness sand and gravel with smaller blocks and The edges are crushed to realize the thorough crushing function of the sand suction device for sand and gravel with high hardness and large size, and the outer knife 432 can follow the clockwise rotation of the crushing disk 43 to collide and crush the hard sand and gravel with the help of the outer knife 432, and the arc knife 433 can follow the counterclockwise rotation of the crushing disk 43 to directly cut and crush the crushed sand and gravel. Under the change of the two rotation directions and the mutual promotion of the crushing methods, the sand and gravel with high hardness and large size are completely crushed. When facing such sand and gravel, the smooth operation of the sand suction device and the collection and utilization of such sand and gravel can be guaranteed.

[0060] By reinforcing the edge of the straight opening of the cutout 435 with the reinforcing ribs 436 to enhance its tolerance, the crushing disk 43 can crush the hard and small sand and gravel at the bottom thereof separately, so that the sand suction device can absorb and collect various types of sand and gravel.

[0061] Among them, in conjunction with the instructions Figure 9 In the structure of the shield assembly 6, the shield assembly 6 is deployed to fix the baffles 63 on the mounting ring 61 at equal intervals, so that the shield assembly 6 as a whole is in an umbrella shape covering the four sides of the sand crushing assembly 4. At this time, the shield assembly 6 can exert its maximum blocking effect to prevent sand and pebbles from splashing, and can be used in areas with a large number of small pieces of sand and pebbles.

[0062] Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field and related fields without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention shall be implemented in accordance with conventional means in the field unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. A sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship, comprising a water cutter (1), characterized in that: A water cutting pipe (2) is installed at the bottom of a water cutting machine (1) and is used for water cutting and crushing riverbed sand and gravel. The water cutting pipe (2) includes an impact column (21). A high-pressure pump (22) is fixedly installed on the top of the impact column (21), and the top is assembled on the bottom of the water cutting machine (1). A crushing cone (25) is assembled at the end of the impact column (21) away from the high-pressure pump (22); The crushing cone (25) includes a cone head (251) assembled at the bottom of the impact column (21), and a circular array of water spray holes (252) are provided on the outer surface of the cone head (251), and the water spray holes (252) are opened at the end away from the retaining ring (24). The water spray holes (252) penetrate the outer surface of the cone head (251) and are connected to the interior thereof; An auxiliary plate assembly (3) is assembled between the high-pressure pump (22) and the water cutter (1), the auxiliary plate assembly (3) comprising a connecting plate 1 (31) rotatably mounted on the bottom of the water cutter (1), and a connecting plate 2 (33) is mounted on an end of the connecting plate 1 (31) away from the water cutter (1); A sand crushing assembly (4) is assembled at the bottom of the free end of the second connecting plate (33) and is used for crushing and pumping riverbed sand and gravel. The sand crushing assembly (4) includes a frustum (41) assembled at the bottom of the second connecting plate (33). An output shaft (42) is installed in the middle of one end of the frustum (41) away from the second connecting plate (33). A crushing disk (43) is fixedly installed in the middle of one end of the output shaft (42) away from the frustum (41). A driving motor (44) is installed in the middle of one side of the second connecting plate (33) away from the frustum (41). The output shaft (42) is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor (44) through the frustum (41). A slot is provided on the outer surface of the frustum (41), and the diagonal support plate (23) is inserted into the frustum (41) through the slot. A sand suction main pipe (5) is assembled on the cone body (41) and is used to transport the crushed riverbed sand and pebbles to the sand suction ship; A shield assembly (6) is assembled on the frustum body (41) and is used to block splashing riverbed sand and pebbles.

2. The sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: A diagonal support plate (23) is installed between the impact column (21) and the high-pressure pump (22) and is rotatably mounted on the impact column (21). A retaining ring (24) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the impact column (21) and is located at the bottom of the diagonal support plate (23).

3. The sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cone rod (253) is fixedly mounted on the inner middle portion of the cone head (251), and a seam control ring (254) is threadedly mounted on the outer surface of the cone head (251) and is mounted near one end of the water spray hole (252).

4. The sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: A special-shaped plug (255) is embedded in the interior of the cone head (251) for mechanically blocking the water spray hole (252). A spiral inlet pipe (256) is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner side of the cone head (251) and is connected to the cone rod (253) as a whole.

5. The sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting ends of the connecting plate 1 (31) and the connecting plate 2 (33) are both fixedly mounted with a buckle (32), and a rotating column (34) is assembled in the middle of the inner side of the buckle (32). The connecting plate 1 (31) is rotatably mounted with the connecting plate 2 (33) through the cooperation of the buckle (32) and the rotating column (34).

6. The sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing disk (43) includes a disk body (431) fixedly mounted on the output shaft (42); an outer knife (432) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the disk body (431) in an effective array; an arc knife (433) is fixedly connected between the outer knife (432) and the edge of the disk body (431); and a thickened wall (434) is fixedly mounted at the portion where the arc knife (433) is connected to the disk body (431); wherein the two edges where the arc knife (433) and the outer knife (432) are connected are arranged at a bevel angle.

7. The sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship according to claim 6, characterized in that: A groove is provided in the middle of one end of the disk body (431) away from the output shaft (42), and cutouts (435) are provided in a circular array around the groove and are provided on the far side of the disk body (431), and the edges between the groove and the cutouts (435) are chamfered. A reinforcing rib (436) is provided in a circular array at one end of the disk body (431) away from the output shaft (42), and is fixedly mounted on the edge of the linear opening of the cutouts (435).

8. The sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand suction main pipe (5) comprises a sand suction pump (51) fixedly mounted on the frustum body (41) and mounted on a side close to the second connecting plate (33). A sand discharge pipe (52) is mounted on a flange at the sand discharge end of the sand suction pump (51). A sand suction pipe (53) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the frustum body (41) on the same side and is arranged close to one end of the output shaft (42). The output end of the sand suction pipe (53) passes through the frustum body (41) and is connected to the input end of the sand suction pump (51).

9. The sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shield assembly (6) includes a mounting ring (61) mounted on the frustum body (41) and arranged near one end of the second connecting plate (33). A steel ring (62) is installed through the middle position of the interior of the mounting ring (61), and five brackets (64) are slidably installed on the mounting ring (61) through the steel ring (62). Each of the brackets (64) is fixedly connected to a baffle (63) and is arranged at one end away from the steel ring (62). Moreover, two curved surfaces of each baffle (63) are fixedly connected to ribs (65).

10. The sand suction device for sand mining by a self-unloading sand ship according to claim 9, characterized in that: Strong magnets are fixedly mounted on both sides of each baffle (63). Under the action of magnetic attraction, the five baffles (63) can be folded together to form a complete arc-shaped baffle. When the baffles (63) are installed on the mounting ring (61) at equal intervals, each bracket (64) is positioned and mounted with a bolt and a steel ring (62).

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