A bamboo shoot yield-increasing additive and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a bamboo shoot yield-increasing additive and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of bamboo shoot cultivation, and comprises bitter bamboo sawdust, chitosan nano selenium, corn starch, ethanol, pectin, calcium chloride, enzyme, mannose and aloe-emodin. The prepared bamboo shoot yield-increasing additive is mixed with soil to serve as a cultivation substrate for cultivating bamboo shoots, so that the growth of the bamboo shoots can be better promoted, the growth cycle of the bamboo shoots can be shortened, the yield of the bamboo shoots can be improved, and finally, the cultivated bamboo shoots have good yield and selenium content.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bamboo fungus cultivation technology, and in particular to a bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Bamboo fungus (Dictyophora indusiata Vent. ex Pers Fisch), also known as bamboo shoot or bamboo ginseng, is a saprophytic fungus that originally parasitized the roots of dead bamboo and is considered a valuable edible mushroom. Bamboo fungus has a rich aroma, a crisp and tender texture, and is rich in protein, amino acids, vitamins, and other nutrients. It not only has excellent edible value but also significant nutritional value, making it popular in the market. However, traditional cultivation methods for bamboo fungus present several problems, such as a long mycelium growth period (generally over two months), low yield, and a short fruiting period. Furthermore, bamboo fungus is prone to accumulating heavy metals like cadmium and chromium during cultivation, leading to a decrease in quality. Traditional bamboo fungus cultivation techniques typically involve fermenting the cultivation substrate and planting in furrows and ridges, which is simple and easy to operate. However, the fruiting period is unstable throughout the cultivation cycle, and it is sensitive to trace elements in the cultivation substrate and soil, significantly impacting yield.

[0003] Studies have shown that applying exogenous selenium during bamboo fungus cultivation can promote mycelial growth. Furthermore, adding appropriate amounts of exogenous selenium fertilizer to the culture medium significantly enhances the activity of glutathione peroxidase at the mycelial tip, thereby improving the growth activity and stress resistance of the fungus. However, current methods of selenium enrichment in my country rely on sodium selenite and sodium selenate, both of which are highly toxic and not easily absorbed and utilized by plants. Improper application can lead to various side effects on humans, crop damage, and soil pollution. Excessive application can also be toxic to bamboo fungus. Given the relatively long growth cycle of bamboo fungus, frequent application of selenium fertilizer is necessary.

[0004] Therefore, the goal is to find a bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive and its preparation method that can further improve bamboo fungus production efficiency while controlling the selenium content during the bamboo fungus growth process without the need for multiple fertilizations, thereby greatly increasing the yield of bamboo fungus. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive and its preparation method, so as to solve the problems of long growth cycle of bamboo fungus and difficulty in controlling the amount of selenium fertilizer applied.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] A bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive comprises the following raw materials: bitter bamboo shavings, chitosan nano-selenium, corn starch, pectin, calcium chloride, enzymes, mannan, and aucubin.

[0008] Furthermore, the formulation of the bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive is as follows: bitter bamboo shavings: chitosan nano-selenium: corn starch: pectin: calcium chloride: enzyme: mannan: aucubin is (5-15): (0.01-0.06): (0.02-0.05): (0.8-3): (0.6-2.2): (0.2-0.7): (0.5-1.5): (0.004-0.01).

[0009] Furthermore, the bitter bamboo shavings are the whole plant powder containing branches and leaves of bitter bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), belonging to the genus Phyllostachys of the Poaceae family, with a particle size of 0.5-1.0 cm.

[0010] Furthermore, the yield-enhancing additive prepared in this invention is mixed with the culture medium after preparation to obtain a base material. After adjusting the moisture and pH of the base material, it is bagged and sterilized to obtain bamboo fungus sticks.

[0011] A method for preparing a bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive, comprising the following steps:

[0012] (1) Dissolve the bitter bamboo shavings in a solution to obtain a bitter bamboo mixed solution. Add aucubin to the bitter bamboo mixed solution, heat to 50-60℃ and react for 1-3 hours. Then wash with water, centrifuge and purify, and add an appropriate amount of ethanol to the solid to obtain an active solution.

[0013] (2) Weigh out chitosan nano-selenium and mix it with corn starch, add it to an active solution for granulation, then add enzymes for fermentation and air dry to obtain fermented product;

[0014] (3) Weigh out pectin, calcium chloride, mannan and fermentation product and mix them to prepare bamboo fungus yield-increasing additive.

[0015] Furthermore, the solution components for dissolving the bitter bamboo shavings in step (1) are: urea, sodium hydroxide, and water.

[0016] In the preparation process of the bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive of this invention, bitter bamboo shavings are used as raw materials because the special substances such as flavonoids in bitter bamboo can effectively prevent the degeneration and aging of bamboo fungus mycelium and improve its biological activity. However, directly using bitter bamboo shavings results in poor bamboo fungus yield enhancement, so it is necessary to process the bitter bamboo shavings raw materials first. Bitter bamboo shavings are treated with sodium hydroxide to form intramolecular hydrogen bonds, and urea in the solution further encapsulates the bitter bamboo shavings to form an inclusion complex. The long-chain structure and strong hydrophilic groups of this inclusion complex not only make it adhesive and promote the formation of the fungal log, but also the bamboo fiber has excellent water retention properties, which allows the fungal log to store more water. Since bamboo fungus growth requires a humid environment, slowing down water evaporation is beneficial to the growth of bamboo fungus mycelium. The inclusion complex formed by the reaction of bitter bamboo shavings and urea is then cross-linked with aucubin, which further increases the hygroscopicity of the bitter bamboo shavings and improves their permeability. This allows oxygen to enter the substrate more easily, ensuring that the mycelium has sufficient oxygen during growth while preventing the invasion of external microorganisms and promoting the growth of the strain. However, the substrate itself also has the water content required for mycelial growth. When the water content is too high, the substrate often cannot meet the volume and air capacity required for the full growth of the mycelium, and does not have a relatively loose structure, which will ultimately hinder the growth of the mycelium.

[0017] The prepared active solution was mixed with chitosan nano-selenium and corn starch and then granulated to make the granules contain selenium ions. The granules were then mixed with enzymes and fermented to decompose the corn starch into nutrients that could be directly utilized by the mycelium. When these nutrients were mixed evenly with the selenium ions, they not only facilitated the rapid absorption of nutrients by the mycelium and promoted mycelial growth, but also improved the growth activity and stress resistance of the strain. When the fermented product is mixed with pectin and calcium chloride, the free carboxyl groups in the pectin react with the calcium chloride to form calcified pectin derivatives, which are components and activators of some enzymes in plants. These derivatives not only help stabilize cell membranes, promote the absorption of nutrients by the fungi, delay cell aging, and increase the stress resistance of the strain, but also appropriately increase the hardness of the substrate, leaving a certain amount of space inside the substrate to prevent it from being compressed and weakening its ability to store air, and to leave enough space for the mycelium to elongate. In addition, mannan dissolves in water and cross-links with bitter bamboo shavings and pectin to maintain the stability and integrity of the mycelial cell wall, preventing the concentration difference between the substrate environment and the cell interior from being too large, which could lead to cell rupture and death.

[0018] Furthermore, the mass concentration of the active solution in step (1) is 1%-5%.

[0019] Furthermore, in step (2), the air-drying temperature is 60-70℃ and the air-drying time is 2-4h.

[0020] Furthermore, the particle size of the granulation in step (2) is 0.5-1 mm.

[0021] Furthermore, in step (2), the fermentation temperature is 38-55℃ and the fermentation time is 3-5 days.

[0022] Beneficial effects:

[0023] This invention provides a bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive that can be added to culture media to form fungal logs or mixed with conventional cultivation substrates for field cultivation of bamboo fungus. It provides a humid and well-ventilated environment for artificially cultivated bamboo fungus strains. At the same time, the prepared bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive can better promote the growth of bamboo fungus mycelium, shorten the growth cycle of bamboo fungus, and increase the yield of bamboo fungus, ultimately achieving good yield and selenium content in the cultivated bamboo fungus.

[0024] Instruction manual illustrations

[0025] Figure 1 : Growth of bamboo fungus in experimental group 1;

[0026] Figure 2 : The growth of bamboo fungus in control group 1. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0028] Example 1: Preparation of bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive

[0029] The preparation steps are as follows:

[0030] (1) 10 kg of fresh bitter bamboo chips were dissolved in 10 kg of solution (the mass ratio of urea: sodium hydroxide: water in the solution was 7:12:81) to obtain a bitter bamboo mixed solution. 7 g of aucubin was added dropwise to the bitter bamboo mixed solution, and the mixture was heated to 55 °C for 2 h. After washing with water and centrifuging to purify, an appropriate amount of ethanol was added to the solid to obtain an active solution with a mass concentration of 3%.

[0031] (2) Weigh 35g of chitosan nano-selenium and mix it with 35g of corn starch. Add it to the active solution for granulation. The particle size is 0.5mm. After air drying at 65℃ for 3h, add 450g of enzyme and ferment at 46℃ for 4d to obtain fermented product.

[0032] (3) Weigh 1.9 kg of pectin, 1.4 kg of calcium chloride, and 1 kg of mannan and mix them with the fermentation product to prepare bamboo fungus yield-increasing additive.

[0033] Example 2: Preparation of bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive

[0034] The preparation steps are as follows:

[0035] (1) 5 kg of fresh bitter bamboo chips were dissolved in 5 kg of solution (the mass ratio of urea: sodium hydroxide: water in the solution was 7:12:81) to obtain a bitter bamboo mixed solution. 4 g of aucubin was added dropwise to the bitter bamboo mixed solution, and the mixture was heated to 50°C and reacted for 3 h. After washing with water and centrifuging to purify, an appropriate amount of ethanol was added to the solid to obtain an active solution with a mass concentration of 3%.

[0036] (2) Weigh 10g of chitosan nano-selenium and mix it with 20g of corn starch. Add it to the active solution for granulation. The particle size is 0.5mm. After air drying at 60℃ for 4h, add 200g of enzyme and ferment at 38℃ for 5d to obtain fermented product.

[0037] (3) Weigh 800g of pectin, 600g of calcium chloride, and 500g of mannan and mix them with the fermentation product to prepare bamboo fungus yield-increasing additive.

[0038] Example 3: Preparation of Bamboo Fungus Yield-Increasing Additive

[0039] The preparation steps are as follows:

[0040] (1) 15 kg of fresh bitter bamboo chips were dissolved in 15 kg of solution (the mass ratio of urea: sodium hydroxide: water in the solution was 7:12:81) to obtain a bitter bamboo mixed solution. 10 g of aucubin was added dropwise to the bitter bamboo mixed solution, and the mixture was heated to 60 °C and reacted for 1 h. After washing with water and centrifuging to purify, an appropriate amount of ethanol was added to the solid to obtain an active solution with a mass concentration of 3%.

[0041] (2) Weigh 60g of chitosan nano-selenium and mix it with 50g of corn starch. Add it to the active solution for granulation. The particle size is 0.5mm. After air drying at 70℃ for 2h, add 700g of enzyme and ferment at 55℃ for 3d to obtain fermented product.

[0042] (3) Weigh 3kg of pectin, 2.2kg of calcium chloride, and 1.5kg of mannan and mix them with the fermentation product to prepare bamboo fungus yield-increasing additive.

[0043] Comparative Example 1: Preparation of Bamboo Fungus Yield-Increasing Additive

[0044] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that aucubin was not added in step (1) of Comparative Example 1. The remaining steps and raw materials are the same. The preparation process of Comparative Example 1 is as follows:

[0045] (1) Dissolve 10 kg of fresh bitter bamboo chips in 10 kg of solution (the mass ratio of urea: sodium hydroxide: water in the solution is 7:12:81) to obtain a bitter bamboo mixed solution;

[0046] (2) Weigh 35g of chitosan nano-selenium and mix it with 35g of corn starch. Add it to the bitter bamboo mixed solution for granulation. The particle size is 0.5mm. After air drying at 60℃ for 3h, add 450g of enzyme and ferment at 46℃ for 4d to obtain fermented product.

[0047] (3) Weigh 1.9 kg of pectin, 1.4 kg of calcium chloride, and 1 kg of mannan and mix them with the fermentation product to prepare bamboo fungus yield-increasing additive.

[0048] Comparative Example 2: Preparation of Bamboo Fungus Yield-Increasing Additive

[0049] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that step (2) of Comparative Example 2 lacks the fermentation process. The remaining steps and raw materials are the same. The preparation process of Comparative Example 2 is as follows:

[0050] (1) 10 kg of fresh bitter bamboo chips were dissolved in 10 kg of solution (the mass ratio of urea: sodium hydroxide: water in the solution was 7:12:81) to obtain a bitter bamboo mixed solution. 7 g of aucubin was added dropwise to the bitter bamboo mixed solution, and the mixture was heated to 55 °C for 2 h. After washing with water and centrifuging to purify, an appropriate amount of ethanol was added to the solid to obtain an active solution with a mass concentration of 3%.

[0051] (2) Weigh 35g of chitosan nano-selenium and mix it with 35g of corn starch. Add it to the active solution for granulation. The particle size is 0.5mm. After air drying at 65℃ for 3h, add enzyme to obtain a mixture.

[0052] (3) Weigh 1.9 kg of pectin, 1.4 kg of calcium chloride, and 1 kg of mannan and mix them with the mixture to obtain a bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive.

[0053] Comparative Example 3: Preparation of Bamboo Fungus Yield-Increasing Additive

[0054] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the raw materials used in step (1) of Comparative Example 3 lack pectin and calcium chloride. The remaining steps and raw materials are the same. The preparation process of Comparative Example 3 is as follows:

[0055] (1) 10 kg of fresh bitter bamboo chips were dissolved in 10 kg of solution (the mass ratio of urea: sodium hydroxide: water in the solution was 7:12:81) to obtain a bitter bamboo mixed solution. 7 g of aucubin was added dropwise to the bitter bamboo mixed solution, and the mixture was heated to 55 °C for 2 h. After washing with water and centrifuging to purify, an appropriate amount of ethanol was added to the solid to obtain an active solution with a mass concentration of 3%.

[0056] (2) Weigh 35g of chitosan nano-selenium and mix it with 35g of corn starch. Add it to the active solution for granulation. The particle size is 0.5mm. After air drying at 65℃ for 3h, add 450g of enzyme and ferment at 46℃ for 4d to obtain fermented product.

[0057] (3) Weigh 1 kg of mannan and mix it with the fermentation product to prepare bamboo fungus yield-increasing additive.

[0058] Comparative Example 4: Preparation of Bamboo Fungus Yield-Increasing Additive

[0059] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the raw material used in step (1) of Comparative Example 4 lacks mannan. The remaining steps and raw materials are the same. The preparation process of Comparative Example 4 is as follows:

[0060] (1) 10 kg of fresh bitter bamboo chips were dissolved in 10 kg of solution (the mass ratio of urea: sodium hydroxide: water in the solution was 7:12:81) to obtain a bitter bamboo mixed solution. 7 g of aucubin was added dropwise to the bitter bamboo mixed solution, and the mixture was heated to 55 °C for 2 h. After washing with water and centrifuging to purify, an appropriate amount of ethanol was added to the solid to obtain an active solution with a mass concentration of 3%.

[0061] (2) Weigh 35g of chitosan nano-selenium and mix it with 35g of corn starch. Add it to the active solution for granulation. The particle size is 0.5mm. After air drying at 65℃ for 3h, add 450g of enzyme and ferment at 46℃ for 4d to obtain fermented product.

[0062] (3) Weigh 1.9 kg of pectin and 1.4 kg of calcium chloride and mix them with the fermentation product to prepare bamboo fungus yield-increasing additive.

[0063] Comparative Example 5: Preparation of Bamboo Fungus Yield-Increasing Additive

[0064] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the bamboo fungus yield-increasing additive in Comparative Example 5 directly uses "SeEra" high-efficiency selenium fertilizer (Se≥6.0g / L) purchased from the market.

[0065] Experiment 1: Effects of bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additives on bamboo fungus growth

[0066] (1) Sample selection: This experiment selected *Dictyophora indicum* for testing, divided into 7 groups: experimental group 1, control groups 1-5, and control group. First, 1000 kg of air-dried bamboo shavings, 5 kg of urea, 10 kg of superphosphate, 10 kg of light calcium carbonate, and 5 kg of gypsum powder were weighed as the culture medium for each group of *Dictyophora indicum*. The pile was constructed 45-60 days before sowing. The bamboo shavings were fully pre-moistened 1-2 days before piling. Urea, superphosphate, and other auxiliary materials were sprinkled on the surface of the pile. The bamboo shavings and auxiliary materials were mixed evenly using a forklift or similar equipment, and sufficient moisture was added to achieve a substrate moisture content of 55%-65% (slight water seeps out when squeezed). The pile height was 1.5-2.0 m, and the width was 2.0-3.0 m. The pile should be covered with a black film to increase temperature and retain moisture. The pile was turned over for the first time 15 days after construction, and then every 10 days thereafter, for a total of 3 turnings. When turning the compost pile, the positions of the top and bottom, inside and outside of the pile should be interchanged, and the moisture content should be replenished to 55%–65% to ensure uniform fermentation. 3–5 days before use, remove the black plastic film, loosen the pile, add water, and release waste gas. The fermented compost should be soft, brown, and have no obvious ammonia odor. Add bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additives and mix to obtain the base material. Simultaneously, add water to adjust the moisture content of the base material to 70% and the pH value to approximately 6.5. Pack the base material into 22cm × 38cm polypropylene plastic bags, each containing 1.8kg of base material, for a total of 35 bags. Each group has 5 bags of bacteria. Sterilize at 100℃ for 15 hours under normal pressure. After sterilization, remove the bags and allow them to cool to room temperature before aseptically inoculating with *Dictyophora indica*. Incubate at 25–26℃ until the bags are full.

[0067] Bamboo fungus bags, after being fully cultivated, were used for field cultivation experiments. The method is as follows: Dig fish-scale pits with a diameter of 50cm and a depth of 20cm under the bamboo forest. The bamboo fungus culture medium is laid in two layers. First, lay an 18cm thick layer of culture medium. Break the spawn into pieces (30g) and sow them in a plum blossom pattern, using one bag of spawn per fish-scale pit. Then, lay a second 12cm thick layer of culture medium, slightly compacting it in a turtle-back shape. After sowing, cover with soil to a thickness of 3cm-5cm and spray water until the soil is moist. Mycelial buds will form 45-60 days after sowing. After the buds form, spray water every evening except on rainy days. Harvest promptly when the buds begin to open and the cap begins to unfurl. After harvesting, promptly peel off the cap, keeping it clean and intact.

[0068] (2) Experimental grouping:

[0069] Experimental group 1: The bamboo fungus yield-increasing additive prepared in Example 1 was used;

[0070] Control groups 1-4: The bamboo fungus yield-increasing additives prepared in comparative examples 1-4 were used;

[0071] Control group 5: The bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive used was "SeEra" high-efficiency selenium fertilizer (Se≥6.0g / L) purchased from the market;

[0072] Control group: No bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additives were added, and the same quality of bitter bamboo shavings were used.

[0073] (3) Test methods:

[0074] Three bags were randomly selected from each group of representative bags with uniform growth. The mycelial growth after inoculation was measured, and the mycelial growth and the number of days it took for the mycelium to fully cover the bag were recorded. The experiment was repeated three times. At the same time, the field cultivation yield of bamboo fungus was recorded. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0075] Table 1

[0076]

[0077] Analysis of Table 1 shows that:

[0078] 1. The control group, lacking any bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additives, exhibited the slowest mycelial growth rate, averaging 5.09 mm per day. The average time for the mycelium to fully colonize the bag was 85.1 days. The resulting mycelium was slightly yellow, slender, and densely packed, with an average yield of 157g per bag. The mycelial growth rates of experimental group 1 and control groups 1-6 were all faster than the control group. The average mycelial growth rate of *Dictyophora indicum* cultivated in experimental group 1 was 6.85 mm / day, an increase of 0.19 mm per day compared to control group 5 which received commercially available selenium fertilizer. The time for the mycelium to fully colonize the bag was also shortened to 38.7 days, with an average yield of 255g, a 19.2% increase compared to control group 5. The growth of bamboo fungus in experimental group 1 was as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive in experimental group 1 greatly shortened the growth cycle of bamboo fungus, thereby promoting the increase of bamboo fungus yield.

[0079] 2. Compared with experimental group 1, the bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive in control group 1 did not include aucubin in the preparation of the active solution during step (1). The hygroscopicity of the bitter bamboo shavings was worse than in Example 1, the environment was relatively dry, and oxygen was insufficient, resulting in less oxygen supply for mycelial growth than in Example 1. During granulation, a mixed solution of bitter bamboo was directly used for fermentation. The average mycelial growth rate of the spiny bamboo fungus cultured in control group 1 was 6.13 mm / d, and the growth was as... Figure 2 As shown, the mycelium grew white, thick and dense, and the time it took for the mycelium to fully colonize the bag was 59.9 days, which was 21.2 days longer than in Example 1. It did not effectively shorten the growth cycle of bamboo fungus or increase the yield of bamboo fungus, with an average yield of only 221g.

[0080] 3. Compared with the experimental group 1, the bamboo fungus yield-increasing additive in control group 2 was not fermented in the preparation process of step (2). After granulation, it was directly mixed with pectin, calcium chloride and mannan. The average mycelial growth rate of bamboo fungus cultured in control group 2 was 5.59 mm / d. The mycelium was white, strong and dense. The time it took for the mycelium to fill the bag was 64.6 days, which was 25.9 days longer than in example 1. The average yield was 200g. This is because the granules were not fully fermented by enzymes. The chitosan nano-selenium and corn starch were tightly wrapped. During mycelial growth, the mycelium could not make good use of chitosan nano-selenium to promote mycelial growth after reacting with bitter bamboo chips.

[0081] 4. Compared with experimental group 1, the bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive in control group 3 lacked raw material pectin and calcium chloride in the preparation process of step (3). The average growth rate of bamboo fungus mycelium cultured in control group 3 was 6.24 mm / d, the mycelium was white, robust and dense, and the time it took for the mycelium to fully colonize the bag was 55.8 days, which was 17.1 days longer than in example 1, with an average yield of 229g. Compared with experimental group 1, the bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive in control group 4 did not add mannan in the preparation process of step (3). The average growth rate of mycelium in control group 4 was 6.46 mm / d, the mycelium was white, robust and dense, and the time it took for the mycelium to fully colonize the bag was 53.4 days, with an average yield of 236g. Without pectin, calcium chloride, and mannan, the ability of the substrate to retain air is weakened due to compression, resulting in insufficient nutrient supply to the mycelium and inadequate space for the elongation of mycelium at the root of the bamboo fungus. Furthermore, the lack of cross-linking between mannan and bitter bamboo shavings, and pectin, also negatively impacts mycelial growth. Therefore, the bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive prepared in this invention can better promote bamboo fungus growth, shorten its growth cycle, and increase yield, resulting in cultivated bamboo fungus with good yield and selenium content.

[0082] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Technical aspects, shapes, and structures not described in detail in this invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive, characterized in that, The additives include the following raw materials: bitter bamboo shavings, chitosan nano-selenium, corn starch, pectin, calcium chloride, enzymes, mannan, and aucubin. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) Dissolve the bitter bamboo shavings in a solution to obtain a bitter bamboo mixed solution. Add aucubin to the bitter bamboo mixed solution, heat to 50-60℃ and react for 1-3 hours. Then wash with water, centrifuge to purify and obtain a solid. Add ethanol to obtain an active solution. (2) Weigh out chitosan nano-selenium and mix it with corn starch, add it to an active solution for granulation, then add enzymes for fermentation and air dry to obtain fermented product; (3) Weigh out pectin, calcium chloride, mannan and fermentation product and mix them to prepare bamboo fungus yield-increasing additive; The formulation of the bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive is as follows: Bitter bamboo shavings: chitosan nano-selenium: corn starch: pectin: calcium chloride: enzyme: mannan: aucubin (5-15): (0.01-0.06): (0.02-0.05): (0.8-3): (0.6-2.2): (0.2-0.7): (0.5-1.5): (0.004-0.01).

2. The method for preparing a bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bitter bamboo shavings are the whole plant of bitter bamboo crushed into powder, with a particle size of 0.5-1.0 cm.

3. The method for preparing a bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The yield-enhancing additive is prepared and mixed with the culture medium to obtain a base material. After adjusting the moisture and pH of the base material, it is bagged and sterilized to obtain bamboo fungus sticks.

4. The method for preparing a bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solution components for dissolving bitter bamboo chips in step (1) are: urea, sodium hydroxide, and water.

5. The method for preparing a bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mass concentration of the active solution in step (1) is 1%-5%.

6. The method for preparing a bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (2), the air-drying temperature is 60-70℃ and the air-drying time is 2-4h.

7. The method for preparing a bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive according to claim 6, characterized in that, The particle size of the granulation in step (2) is 0.5-1 mm.

8. The method for preparing a bamboo fungus yield-enhancing additive according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step (2), the fermentation temperature is 38-55℃ and the fermentation time is 3-5 days.

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