Hot calibration laser welding machine and hot calibration welding method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of laser welding, and particularly relates to a hot calibrating laser welding machine and a hot calibrating welding method, the welding machine is provided with a first welding seat, a second welding seat and a heating die, when welding, the welding machine is used to first fix a first welding piece and a second welding piece, the second welding seat and the heating die move downward, the heating die heats and presses the welding surface of the first welding piece and / or the second welding piece, after the welding surface is calibrated, the second welding seat and the heating die move upward, then the heating die exits along the horizontal direction, the second welding seat moves downward, the first welding piece is butted with the second welding piece, and then laser welding is carried out, so that the shape of the welding surface is more in line with the welding requirements and the dimensional accuracy is high, compared with the prior art, the equipment cost is lower, and the application range is wider.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a hot correction laser welding machine and a hot correction welding method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Laser welding is a kind of high-efficiency precision welding method using high-energy-density laser beam as heat source. Taking heat conduction type laser welding as an example, the surface to be processed is heated by laser radiation, and the heat of the surface spreads to the inside through heat conduction, so that the workpiece is melted to form a specific molten pool.

[0003] However, laser welding has high requirements for the size precision of the welded parts, and generally requires that the size error be within 0.2 mm. However, due to the molding process, mold and structure design, raw materials and machines, etc., a large size error or even deformation may occur on the welding surface during the molding process of plastic, which makes it impossible to directly laser weld the product, and the surface quality of part of the welding surface may not meet the requirements, which hinders laser welding.

[0004] The applicant discloses a plastic correction laser welding process in Chinese invention patent 2019105017872, which uses vibration friction welding to cut and chip the welding surface. The friction cutting causes the first contact welding surface to be cut and melted and extruded, gradually reduces the gap between the two welding parts to the required range, and reliably connects part or all of the welding surface, and then uses a laser to laser weld the welding surface. The applicant discloses a welding surface shaping laser welding machine and a laser welding method in Chinese invention patent 2023106810567, which uses high-frequency collision to shape and weld the welding surface.

[0005] The above two methods need to use friction welding or collision welding to shape the welding surface, which makes the equipment cost higher and the application range limited by the material and physical properties of the welded parts. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a hot correction laser welding machine and a hot correction welding method. The welding parts are first hot-pressed and corrected when welding plastic, so that the welding surface meets the welding requirements. Compared with the prior art, the equipment cost is lower and the application range is wider.

[0007] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is: a hot shaping laser welding machine, comprising a rack, the rack is provided with a laser welding head, a first welding seat for fixing a first welding piece, a second welding seat for fixing a second welding piece, the second welding seat is slidably connected with the rack through a first translation mechanism, the sliding direction of the first translation mechanism is close to or away from the first welding seat, a heating die for heating the welding surface of the first welding piece and / or the second welding piece is arranged between the first welding seat and the second welding seat, the heating die is slidably connected with the rack through a second translation mechanism, the sliding direction of the second translation mechanism is the same as that of the first translation mechanism, the heating die is slidably connected with the second translation mechanism through a third translation mechanism, and the sliding direction of the third translation mechanism is perpendicular to that of the second translation mechanism.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, the first welding piece and the second welding piece are fixed by using the first welding seat and the second welding seat respectively, the heating die is moved to between the first welding piece and the second welding piece, the heating die is moved towards the first welding piece, the second welding piece is moved towards the heating die, then the heating die heats the welding surface of the first welding piece and / or the second welding piece, so that the first welding piece and / or the second welding piece are corrected and shaped, so that the shape of the welding surface is more in line with the welding requirements, then the heating die and the second welding piece are moved reversely, the heating die exits from between the first welding piece and the second welding piece, the second welding piece is moved under the action of the second welding seat until abutting against the first welding piece, and then the laser welding head welds the first welding piece and the second welding piece together.

[0009] The first welding seat is a lower welding seat, the second welding seat is an upper welding seat, the first welding seat is fixedly connected with the rack, the laser welding head is located above the first welding seat, the second welding seat can slide up and down through the first translation mechanism, the heating die and the third translation mechanism can slide up and down through the second translation mechanism, and the heating die can move forward and backward along the horizontal direction through the third translation mechanism.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, the moving direction of the second welding piece is up and down along the vertical direction, and the heating die moves forward and backward along the horizontal direction when entering and exiting between the first welding piece and the second welding piece. As another implementation manner, the moving direction of the second welding piece can also be along the horizontal direction, and the heating die moves along the vertical direction when entering or exiting.

[0011] The heating die is provided with a lower heating die for heating the welding surface of the first welding piece and extruding downward and an upper heating die for heating the welding surface of the second welding piece and extruding upward.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, the heating die simultaneously heats and corrects the first welding piece and the second welding piece.

[0013] The further setting of the scheme is that the first translation mechanism comprises a vertical guide rail, a first sliding seat, a first motor and a first synchronous belt, the vertical guide rail is arranged on the two sides of the rack, the first sliding seat is in sliding connection with the vertical guide rail, the first motor is located on the top of the rack, the first synchronous belt is arranged in parallel on the side of the vertical guide rail, the first motor is in driving connection with the first synchronous belt, and the second welding seat is fixedly connected with the first synchronous belt through the first sliding seat.

[0014] The further setting of the scheme is that the heating die is provided with a lifting plate, the lower heating die is fixedly connected to the lower side of the lifting plate, and the upper heating die is fixedly connected to the upper side of the lifting plate.

[0015] The further setting of the scheme is that the second translation mechanism comprises a second sliding seat, a second motor and a second synchronous belt, the lifting plate is in sliding connection with the vertical guide rail through the second sliding seat, the second motor is in driving connection with the second synchronous belt, the second synchronous belt is arranged in parallel on the side of the vertical guide rail, and the second sliding seat is fixedly connected with the second synchronous belt.

[0016] The further setting of the scheme is that the third translation mechanism comprises a horizontal guide rail, a third sliding seat, a third motor and a third synchronous belt, the horizontal guide rail is fixedly connected with the second sliding seat, the lifting plate is fixedly connected with the third sliding seat, the third sliding seat is in sliding connection with the horizontal guide rail, the third synchronous belt is arranged in parallel on the side of the horizontal guide rail, and the third motor is in driving connection with the third synchronous belt.

[0017] The further setting of the scheme is that a gap for the third translation mechanism to pass through is left between the two sides of the first welding seat and the rack.

[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the heating die exits between the first welding piece and the second welding piece, the third translation mechanism can continue to move downward through the gap, so that the downward movement of the second welding seat is avoided.

[0019] The hot correction welding method of the present application first fixes the first welding piece and the second welding piece, heats the welding surface of the first welding piece and the welding surface of the second welding piece, and then corrects the welding surfaces by hot pressing, and then uses a laser welding head to weld the first welding piece and the second welding piece after abutting.

[0020] The further setting of the scheme is that the hot correction laser welding machine is used for hot pressing correction and welding, the first welding piece and the second welding piece are first fixed, the second welding seat and the heating die move downward, the heating die heats and hot presses the welding surface of the first welding piece and / or the welding surface of the second welding piece, the second welding seat and the heating die move upward after the welding surface is corrected, then the heating die exits along the horizontal direction, the second welding seat moves downward, the first welding piece is abutted with the second welding piece, and then laser welding is performed; wherein the heating mode of the heating die is one of infrared heating, hot plate heating, hot air heating or high frequency heating.

[0021] The present application has the advantages that: 1. The equipment and method for heating and shaping the plastic welding parts before laser welding are provided, the application range of the equipment and method is wider, the universality is stronger, and the equipment cost is lower.

[0022] 2. The plastic welding surface heat shaping and laser welding are combined in one equipment, the laser welding is rapidly carried out after heating, the waste heat during the heat shaping can be utilized, the welding part deformation is small, the shaping precision is high, and the welding surface is more in line with the welding requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the heat shaping laser welding machine of the present application.

[0024] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the heat shaping laser welding machine of the present application after hiding the laser welding head.

[0025] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the second welding seat sliding in the vertical direction of the heat shaping laser welding machine of the present application.

[0026] Figure 4 Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the heating die sliding in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the heat shaping laser welding machine of the present application.

[0027] Figure 5 Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the first welding seat and the rack of the heat shaping laser welding machine of the present application.

[0028] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] 1 - rack 2 - laser welding head

[0030] 3 - first welding seat 4 - second welding seat

[0031] 5 - first translation mechanism 51 - vertical guide rail

[0032] 52 - first sliding seat 53 - first motor

[0033] 54 - first synchronous belt 6 - heating die

[0034] 61 - lower heating die 62 - upper heating die

[0035] 63 - lifting plate 7 - second translation mechanism

[0036] 71 - second sliding seat 72 - second motor

[0037] 73 - second synchronous belt 8 - third translation mechanism

[0038] 81 - horizontal guide rail 82 - third sliding seat

[0039] 83 - third motor 84 - third synchronous belt DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The application will be further described below in connection with the drawings and specific embodiments, which are not intended to limit the scope of the application.

[0041] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the hot shaping laser welding machine of the embodiment comprises a rack 1, the rack 1 is provided with a laser welding head 2, a first welding seat 3 for fixing a first welding piece, a second welding seat 4 for fixing a second welding piece, the second welding seat 4 is slidably connected with the rack 1 through a first translation mechanism 5, the sliding direction of the first translation mechanism 5 is vertical, a heating die 6 for heating the welding surfaces of the first welding piece and the second welding piece is arranged between the first welding seat 3 and the second welding seat 4, the heating die 6 is slidably connected with the rack 1 through a second translation mechanism 7, the sliding direction of the second translation mechanism 7 is vertical, the heating die 6 is slidably connected with the second translation mechanism 7 through a third translation mechanism 8, the sliding direction of the third translation mechanism 8 is horizontal.

[0042] Among them, the first welding seat 3 is a lower welding seat, the second welding seat 4 is an upper welding seat, the first welding seat 3 is fixedly connected with the rack, and the laser welding head is located above the first welding seat 3. In use, the first welding seat 3 and the second welding seat 4 are respectively used to fix the first welding piece and the second welding piece, the heating die 6 is moved to between the first welding piece and the second welding piece, the heating die 6 is moved towards the first welding piece, the second welding piece is moved towards the heating die 6, then the heating die 6 heats the welding surfaces of the first welding piece and the second welding piece, so as to correct and shape them, so that the shape of the welding surface is more in line with the welding requirements, then the heating die 6 and the second welding piece are reversely moved, the heating die 6 exits from between the first welding piece and the second welding piece, the second welding piece is lowered under the action of the second welding seat 4 until it abuts against the first welding piece, then the laser welding head 2 welds the first welding piece and the second welding piece together.

[0043] As shown in Figure 2 , further, the heating die 6 is provided with a lower heating die 61 for heating the welding surface of the first welding piece and extruding downward, and an upper heating die 62 for heating the welding surface of the second welding piece and extruding upward. The lower heating die 61 acts together with the first welding seat 3 to heat shape the first welding piece, and the upper heating die 62 acts together with the second welding seat 4 to heat shape the second welding piece.

[0044] As shown in Figure 3As shown, further, the first translation mechanism 5 includes four vertical guide rails 51, a first sliding seat 52, a first motor 53, and a first synchronous belt 54. The vertical guide rails 51 are arranged on both sides of the rack 1, and each side of the rack 1 has two vertical guide rails 51. In order to make the sliding more stable, a sliding seat 52 and a first synchronous belt 54 are arranged on both sides of the second welding seat 4. The first sliding seat 52 is in sliding connection with the vertical guide rails 51. The first motor 53 is located at the top of the rack 1. The first synchronous belt 54 is arranged parallel to the side of the vertical guide rails 51. The first motor 53 is in driving connection with the first synchronous belt 54. The second welding seat 4 is fixedly connected with the first sliding seat 52 and the first synchronous belt 54.

[0045] Further, the heating mold 6 is provided with a lifting plate 63. The lower heating mold 61 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the lifting plate 63, and the upper heating mold 62 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the lifting plate 63.

[0046] As shown in the figure, Figure 4 The second translation mechanism 7 includes a second sliding seat 71, a second motor 72, and a second synchronous belt 73. The lifting plate 63 is in sliding connection with the vertical guide rails 51 through the second sliding seat 71. The second motor 72 is in driving connection with the second synchronous belt 73. The second synchronous belt 73 is arranged parallel to the side of the vertical guide rails 51. The second sliding seat 71 is fixedly connected with the second synchronous belt 73. The second translation mechanism 7 has the same principle as the first translation mechanism. In order to avoid interference, the second motor 72 and the synchronous belt 73 are arranged on the side of the rack 1 close to the laser welding head 2. The horizontal guide rails 81 are fixedly connected with the second synchronous belt 73, so that when the second synchronous belt 73 rotates, the driving force is transmitted to the second sliding seat 71 through the third translation mechanism 7, causing the second sliding seat 71 and the heating mold 6 to slide up and down.

[0047] As shown in the figure, Figure 4 The third translation mechanism 8 includes two groups of horizontal guide rails 81, a third sliding seat 82, two third motors 83, and two third synchronous belts 84. The horizontal guide rails 81 are fixedly connected with the second sliding seat 71. The lifting plate 63 is fixedly connected with the third sliding seat 82. The third sliding seat 82 is in sliding connection with the horizontal guide rails 81. The third synchronous belts 84 are arranged parallel to the side of the horizontal guide rails 81. The third motors 83 are in driving connection with the third synchronous belts 84.

[0048] As shown in the figure, Figure 5 The gap between the two sides of the first welding seat 3 and the rack 1 is left for the third translation mechanism 8 to pass through. After the heating mold 6 exits between the first welding piece and the second welding piece, the third translation mechanism 8 can continue to descend through the gap, avoiding blocking the descent of the second welding seat 4.

[0049] The hot alignment welding method of the present application is as follows: first, the first welding piece and the second welding piece are fixed, the welding surface of the first welding piece and the welding surface of the second welding piece are heated and then hot-pressed, the welding surfaces are corrected, and then the first welding piece and the second welding piece are butted and welded by using a laser welding head.

[0050] Further, the present application uses the aforementioned hot alignment type laser welding machine to perform hot-press correction and welding, first, the first welding piece and the second welding piece are fixed, the second welding seat 3 and the heating die 6 move downward, the heating die 6 heats and hot-presses the welding surface of the first welding piece and / or the second welding piece, after the welding surface is corrected, the second welding seat 3 and the heating die 6 move upward, then the heating die 6 exits along the horizontal direction, the second welding seat 3 moves downward, the first welding piece and the second welding piece are butted, and then laser welding is performed; wherein the heating mode of the heating die 6 is one of infrared heating, hot plate heating, hot air heating or high frequency heating.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A hot alignment laser welder characterized by: The utility model relates to a laser welding device, including frame (1), frame (1) is provided with laser welding head (2), the first welding seat (3) for fixing first welding piece, the second welding seat (4) for fixing second welding piece, second welding seat (4) is slidably connected with frame (1) through first translation mechanism (5), the sliding direction of first translation mechanism (5) is close or away from first welding seat (3), and the heating die (6) for heating the welding surface of first welding piece and / or second welding piece is arranged between first welding seat (3), second welding seat (4), heating die (6) is slidably connected with frame (1) through second translation mechanism (7), and the sliding direction of second translation mechanism (7) is same with the sliding direction of first translation mechanism (5), and heating die (6) is slidably connected with second translation mechanism (7) through third translation mechanism (8), and the sliding direction of third translation mechanism (8) is perpendicular with the sliding direction of second translation mechanism (7).

2. The hot sizing laser welder of claim 1, wherein: First welding seat (3) is lower welding seat, and second welding seat (4) is upper welding seat, and first welding seat (3) is fixedly connected with frame, and laser welding head (2) is located above first welding seat (3), and second welding seat (4) can slide up and down through first translation mechanism (5), and heating die (6) and third translation mechanism (8) can slide up and down through second translation mechanism (7), and heating die (6) can move back and forth along horizontal direction through third translation mechanism (8).

3. The hot sizing laser welder of claim 2, wherein: Heating die (6) is provided with lower heating die (61) for heating the welding surface of first welding piece and extruding downwards, and upper heating die (62) for heating the welding surface of second welding piece and extruding upwards.

4. The hot sizing laser welder of claim 3, wherein: First translation mechanism (5) includes vertical guide rail (51), first sliding seat (52), first motor (53), first synchronous belt (54), vertical guide rail (51) is arranged on both sides of frame (1), first sliding seat (52) is slidably connected with vertical guide rail (51), first motor (53) is located on the top of frame (1), first synchronous belt (54) is parallelly arranged on the side of vertical guide rail (51), first motor (53) is drivingly connected with first synchronous belt (54), and second welding seat (4) is fixedly connected with first synchronous belt (54) through first sliding seat (52).

5. The hot sizing laser welder of claim 4, wherein: Heating die (6) is provided with lifting plate (63), and lower heating die (61) is fixedly connected to the lower side of lifting plate (63), and upper heating die (62) is fixedly connected to the upper side of lifting plate (63).

6. The hot sizing laser welder of claim 5, wherein: Second translation mechanism (7) includes second sliding seat (71), second motor (72), second synchronous belt (73), lifting plate (63) is slidably connected with vertical guide rail (51) through second sliding seat (71), second motor (72) is drivingly connected with second synchronous belt (73), second synchronous belt (73) is parallelly arranged on the side of vertical guide rail (51), and second sliding seat (71) is fixedly connected with second synchronous belt (73).

7. The hot sizing laser welder of claim 6, wherein: The third translation mechanism (8) comprises a horizontal guide rail (81), a third sliding seat (82), a third motor (83) and a third synchronous belt (84). The horizontal guide rail (81) is fixedly connected with the second sliding seat (71), the lifting plate (63) is fixedly connected with the third sliding seat (82), the third sliding seat (82) is slidingly connected with the horizontal guide rail (81), the third synchronous belt (84) is arranged parallel to the side of the horizontal guide rail (81), and the third motor (83) is drivingly connected with the third synchronous belt (84).

8. The hot sizing laser welder of claim 6, wherein: The first welding seat (3) is provided with a gap for the third translation mechanism (8) to pass between the two sides of the first welding seat (3) and the rack (1).

9. Hot calibration welding method, characterized in that: The first welding member and the second welding member are first fixed, the welding surface of the first welding member and the welding surface of the second welding member are heated and then hot-pressed, the welding surfaces are corrected, and then the first welding member and the second welding member are butted and welded by using a laser welding head.

10. The hot calibration welding method of claim 9, wherein: The hot correction and welding are performed by using the hot correction laser welding machine according to any one of claims 1-8. The first welding member and the second welding member are first fixed, the second welding seat (3) and the heating die (6) are moved downward, the heating die (6) heats and hot-presses the welding surface of the first welding member and / or the welding surface of the second welding member, after the welding surfaces are corrected, the second welding seat (3) and the heating die (6) are moved upward, then the heating die (6) exits along the horizontal direction, the second welding seat (3) moves downward, the first welding member is butted with the second welding member, and then laser welding is performed. The heating mode of the heating die (6) is one of infrared heating, hot plate heating, hot air heating or high-frequency heating.

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