An oxygen generating agent and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an oxygen generator. The parts by weight of the oxygen generator are as follows: 83-88 parts of potassium superoxide, 8-14 parts of lithium hydroxide, 1-2 parts of 13X molecular sieve, 1-2 parts of calcium oxide, and 1-2 parts of copper chloride; the particle size of the potassium superoxide is 40-80 mesh, and the particle size of the 13X molecular sieve is 60 mesh. The present invention also discloses a preparation method of the oxygen generator. Lithium hydroxide, 13X molecular sieve, calcium oxide and copper chloride are dried and then crushed, and then mixed evenly with potassium superoxide. The mixed material is put into a rotary tablet press, and the strength is adjusted to 40-60 N to press out a disc-shaped oxygen generator. Compared with the oxygen generator in the prior art, the oxygen generator of the present invention has stronger carbon dioxide absorption ability, the weight is reduced by 3%-8%, the oxygen generation reaction is more complete, the utilization rate of potassium superoxide is improved, and the breathing resistance of the self-rescuer is reduced. The preparation method of the oxygen generator in the present invention is convenient to operate and suitable for industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of self-rescuers, and specifically relates to an oxygen generating agent and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A self-rescuer is a portable breathing protection device for underground workers to prevent harmful gas poisoning or oxygen deficiency asphyxiation in case of underground fires, gas, coal dust explosions, and coal and gas outbursts. A self-rescuer is a personal protection equipment with a small size, light weight, and easy to carry. The main purpose of a self-rescuer is that when an accident occurs in a coal mine underground, miners can wear it and pass through the mine roadway filled with harmful gases and quickly leave the disaster area. Self-rescuers are classified into two categories according to their working principles: filtering self-rescuers and isolating self-rescuers. Isolating self-rescuers can be further divided into two types: chemical oxygen self-rescuers and compressed oxygen self-rescuers according to different oxygen generation principles.

[0003] A chemical oxygen self-rescuer is a breathing protector that uses a chemical oxygen generating substance to produce oxygen for the wearer to withdraw from the disaster area to a safe area. A chemical oxygen self-rescuer consists of components such as an oxygen generating canister, an airbag, a gas pipe, a mouthpiece, and a back belt. The oxygen generating canister is filled with an oxygen generating agent. A chemical oxygen self-rescuer uses the oxygen generating agent filled in the self-rescuer to absorb carbon dioxide and moisture exhaled by the human body to generate oxygen, achieving the purpose of isolating external poisonous gases and realizing a closed-loop cycle.

[0004] The existing self-rescuers in the prior art have defects such as large breathing resistance, insufficient carbon dioxide absorption capacity of the oxygen generating agent, and incomplete oxygen generating reaction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims at the above problems, makes up for the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides an oxygen generating agent. The components and parts by weight of the oxygen generating agent are as follows: 83-88 parts of potassium superoxide, 8-14 parts of lithium hydroxide, 1-2 parts of 13X molecular sieve, 1-2 parts of calcium oxide, and 1-2 parts of copper chloride; the particle size of the potassium superoxide is 40-80 mesh, and the particle size of the 13X molecular sieve is 60 mesh.

[0006] Preferably, the particle sizes of the lithium hydroxide, calcium oxide, and copper chloride are 100-120 mesh.

[0007] Preferably, the shape of the oxygen generating agent is a round sheet with a diameter of 6-9 mm and a height of 3.8-4.7 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the pore diameter of the 13X molecular sieve is The bulk density is 0.60-0.68 g / cm 3 .

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an oxygen generator. Lithium hydroxide, 13X molecular sieve, calcium oxide, and copper chloride are dried. The 13X molecular sieve is crushed to a particle size of 60 mesh by a pulverizer, and lithium hydroxide, calcium oxide, and copper chloride are crushed to a particle size of 100-120 mesh. Then, lithium hydroxide, 13X molecular sieve, calcium oxide, copper chloride are mixed with potassium superoxide having a particle size of 40-80 mesh for 10-15 minutes to obtain a mixture. The weight parts of the above components are as follows: 83-88 parts of potassium superoxide, 8-14 parts of lithium hydroxide, 1-2 parts of 13X molecular sieve, 1-2 parts of calcium oxide, and 1-2 parts of copper chloride; the mixture is put into a rotary tablet press, and the strength is adjusted to 40-60 N to press out a round tablet-shaped oxygen generator with a diameter of 6-9 mm and a height of 3.8-4.7 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the drying temperature is 105-110 °C.

[0011] Preferably, the drying time is 0.5-2 hours.

[0012] Preferably, the device used for mixing is a V-type mixing tank.

[0013] The reaction mechanism of the present invention is as follows:

[0014] In a self-rescuer, the oxygen generator needs to absorb carbon dioxide. The ability of a single component of potassium superoxide to absorb carbon dioxide is limited, and auxiliary materials need to be added to absorb carbon dioxide. The reaction equations for potassium superoxide to absorb water and carbon dioxide are as follows:

[0015] 2KO2 + H2O = 2KOH + 1.5O2;

[0016] 2KOH + CO2 = K2CO3 + H2O.

[0017] The auxiliary material added to the conventional oxygen generator is potassium hydroxide. Potassium hydroxide has the ability to absorb carbon dioxide, but the carbon dioxide absorption rate of potassium hydroxide is not high, and the carbon dioxide absorption rate of potassium hydroxide is 39.3%.

[0018] As a highly efficient carbon dioxide absorbent, the reaction equation for lithium hydroxide to absorb carbon dioxide is: 2LiOH + CO2 = Li2CO3 + H2O.

[0019] Since the molecular weight of Li is only 6.94, the carbon dioxide absorption rate of LiOH is very high, with a theoretical value of 91.7% and an actual reaction value of 65%-85%.

[0020] As an alkaline substance, calcium oxide reacts with carbon dioxide under the action of water vapor and also has the function of absorbing carbon dioxide. The reaction equation is:

[0021] CaO + H2O = Ca(OH)2;

[0022] Ca(OH)2 + CO2 = CaCO3 + H2O.

[0023] The calcium carbonate solid finally formed by the reaction has a framework effect.

[0024] The pore size of 13X molecular sieve is It can absorb carbon dioxide. The large number of voids in the 13X molecular sieve itself helps the gas-solid reaction between the exhaled gas of the human body and the solid oxygen generator, making the oxygen generation reaction more complete and improving the utilization rate of potassium superoxide. At the same time, through multiple experiments, it is obtained that the bulk density of 13X is 0.60 - 0.68 g / cm 3 When it is, the pores of the 13X molecular sieve itself are most conducive to the gas-solid reaction between the exhaled gas of the human body and the solid oxygen generator. If the bulk density is too large, the pores are small; if the bulk density is too small, the strength is low.

[0025] In the present invention, the particle size of potassium superoxide is 40 - 80 mesh, the particle size of 13X molecular sieve is 60 mesh, and the particle sizes of lithium hydroxide, calcium oxide, and copper chloride are 100 - 120 mesh, which are key innovation points. After multiple repeated experiments, the particle size mesh numbers of each component are obtained, and the performance of the oxygen generator is optimal at this particle size.

[0026] Advantages of the present invention:

[0027] The oxygen generator of the present invention has a stronger carbon dioxide absorption capacity compared with the prior art. For the oxygen generator with the same self-rescuer usage time, compared with the oxygen generator in the prior art, the weight is reduced by 3% - 8%, which is beneficial to the miniaturization and light weight of the self-rescuer. In the present invention, 13X molecular sieve is added, which helps the oxygen generation reaction of the oxygen generator to be more complete and improves the utilization rate of potassium superoxide. In addition to the function of absorbing carbon dioxide, calcium oxide reacts with carbon dioxide to form solid calcium carbonate with a framework effect, which can reduce the breathing resistance of the self-rescuer. The preparation method of the oxygen generator in the present invention is easy to operate and suitable for industrial production. Specific embodiments

[0028] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention clearer, the following further details the present invention in combination with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] Put lithium hydroxide, 13X molecular sieve, calcium oxide, and copper chloride into an oven and dry at 105 °C for 0.5 hours. Use a crusher to crush the 13X molecular sieve to a particle size of 60 mesh, and the bulk density of the 13X molecular sieve is 0.60 g / cm3 , lithium hydroxide, calcium oxide, and copper chloride are crushed to a particle size of 100 mesh, and then potassium superoxide with a particle size of 40 mesh is put into a V-type mixing tank and mixed for 10 minutes to obtain a mixture. The weight parts of the above components are as follows: 83 parts of potassium superoxide, 8 parts of lithium hydroxide, 1 part of 13X molecular sieve, 1 part of calcium oxide, and 1 part of copper chloride; the mixture is put into a rotary tablet press, and the strength is adjusted to 40 N to press out an oxygen generator in the shape of a disc with a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 3.8 mm.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] Lithium hydroxide, 13X molecular sieve, calcium oxide, and copper chloride are placed in an oven and dried at 110 °C for 2 hours. The 13X molecular sieve is crushed to a particle size of 60 mesh by a crusher. The bulk density of the 13X molecular sieve is 0.68 g / cm 3 , lithium hydroxide, calcium oxide, and copper chloride are crushed to a particle size of 120 mesh, and then mixed with potassium superoxide with a particle size of 80 mesh for 15 minutes to obtain a mixture. The weight parts of the above components are as follows: 88 parts of potassium superoxide, 14 parts of lithium hydroxide, 2 parts of 13X molecular sieve, 2 parts of calcium oxide, and 2 parts of copper chloride; the mixture is put into a rotary tablet press, and the strength is adjusted to 60 N to press out an oxygen generator in the shape of a disc with a diameter of 9 mm and a height of 4.7 mm.

[0033] The oxygen generators of Example 1 and Example 2 are compared with the oxygen generators in the prior art in terms of their performance in use, as shown in Table 1. The comparison method is to separately load the oxygen generators into self-rescuers of model OSR30, and the performance of the oxygen generators is tested through various indicators of the testing device.

[0034] As can be seen from Table 1, under the same protection time, the carbon dioxide absorption capacity of Example 1 and Example 2 is stronger, the breathing resistance is smaller, and the charging weight is lighter. The prior art oxygen generator requires a charging weight of 430 g, while the charging weights of Example 1 and Example 2 are both 400 g, and the weight is reduced by 6.98%.

[0035] Table 1 Comparison of Oxygen Generator Performance

[0036]

[0037] It can be understood that the above specific description of the present invention is only for explaining the present invention and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or equivalently replaced to achieve the same technical effects; as long as it meets the use requirements, it is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oxygen generator, characterized in that: The components and parts by weight of the oxygen generator are as follows: 83-88 parts of potassium superoxide, 8-14 parts of lithium hydroxide, 1-2 parts of 13X molecular sieve, 1-2 parts of calcium oxide, and 1-2 parts of copper chloride; the particle size of the potassium superoxide is 40-80 mesh, and the particle size of the 13X molecular sieve is 60 mesh.

2. The oxygen generator according to claim 1, wherein: The particle sizes of the lithium hydroxide, calcium oxide, and copper chloride are 100-120 mesh.

3. The oxygen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the oxygen generator is a disc with a diameter of 6-9 mm and a height of 3.8-4.7 mm.

4. The oxygen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pore diameter of the 13X molecular sieve is The bulk density is 0.60 - 0.68 g / cm 3 .

5. A preparation method of an oxygen generating agent, characterized in that: Dry the lithium hydroxide, 13X molecular sieve, calcium oxide, and copper chloride. Use a crusher to crush the 13X molecular sieve to a particle size of 60 mesh, and crush the lithium hydroxide, calcium oxide, and copper chloride to a particle size of 100-120 mesh. Then mix the lithium hydroxide, 13X molecular sieve, calcium oxide, and copper chloride with potassium superoxide having a particle size of 40-80 mesh for 10-15 minutes to obtain a mixture. The parts by weight of the above components are as follows: 83-88 parts of potassium superoxide, 8-14 parts of lithium hydroxide, 1-2 parts of 13X molecular sieve, 1-2 parts of calcium oxide, and 1-2 parts of copper chloride; put the mixture into a rotary tablet press, adjust the strength to 40-60 N, and press out an oxygen generator in the shape of a disc with a diameter of 6-9 mm and a height of 3.8-4.7 mm.

6. The preparation method of an oxygen generating agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drying temperature is 105-110 °C.

7. The preparation method of an oxygen generating agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drying time is 0.5-2 hours.

8. The preparation method of an oxygen generating agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The device used for mixing is a V-type mixing tank.

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