Adjustable distance between positive hobbing cutter

Abstract

The application relates to a TBM cutter head capable of adjusting the distance of positive rolling cutters, which comprises a cutter head body, a positive rolling cutter assembly, a clamping module and a guide rail, a plurality of cutter seat hole branches are arranged on the front surface of the cutter head body according to the equal center angle radii, the guide rail is distributed in the cutter seat hole branches, the lower part of the positive rolling cutter assembly and the clamping module is matched with the slide rail of the guide rail, the positive rolling cutter assembly and the clamping module can slide along the cutter seat hole branches under the drive of external force, one clamping module is fixedly installed on each of the two opposite sides of the positive rolling cutter assembly in the radial direction, the clamping module comprises an end cover, a screw rod, an outer arm, an inner arm, a nut sleeve, a sleeve, a lock block, a friction block and a screw plug, the clamping module 3 adopts a screw pair as the adjusting mode of the radial position of the TBM positive rolling cutter, the adjusting flexibility is high, the operation is simple, the geological adaptability of the TBM is improved, and the efficient stability of construction operation is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of tunneling machines, and particularly relates to a TBM cutter head capable of adjusting the distance between positive cutters. BACKGROUND

[0002] TBM (Tunnel boring machine, hard rock tunnel boring machine) method is one of tunneling methods, and the cutter head is a core component of the TBM. At present, the position design of the cutter seat hole on the cutter head of the TBM at home and abroad can be mainly divided into three types of star type, spiral type and random type, so that the position of each cutter seat hole is fixed, and the number of cutters installed thereon is fixed, and the distance between the cutters is also fixed.

[0003] The design of the TBM cutter head mainly depends on the geological conditions of the tunneling, and has the characteristics of "tailoring to the body", but sometimes the remaining service life of the equipment is still relatively long after the project is completed, and the equipment can continue to serve after necessary repair. Due to the changeable geological conditions of the TBM excavation, the original cutter head layout design may not be well matched with the new excavation environment, resulting in excessive fragmentation or unsatisfactory rock breaking effect, causing unnecessary energy consumption and delaying the construction period.

[0004] At present, there are some cutter head design schemes capable of changing the radial distance of the TBM cutters, such as "A cutter head of a shield tunneling machine capable of changing the distance between cutters" (application number: 201910859088.5) which gives a scheme of adjusting the distance between cutters by setting compression bolts along the radial direction of the cutter beam, the adjustment process of which is complicated, and the top surface and two side surfaces of the cutter assembly need to be adjusted by multiple groups of compression bolts respectively, and the continuous adjustment of the distance between cutters cannot be realized, and the cutter head cannot be well matched with the actual construction site of the TBM.

[0005] Therefore, the present application is committed to overcoming the deficiencies and defects of the above design, and providing a new TBM cutter head capable of adjusting the distance between positive cutters, which can realize continuous adjustment of the distance between cutters while reducing the workload of the adjustment process to ensure the reliability and stability of the cutter position adjustment. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem solved by the present application is to move the positive cutters radially on the cutter head, thereby changing the distance between the positive cutters, so as to achieve the optimal cutter distance for different geological conditions and improve the geological adaptability of the cutter head.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0008] A TBM cutter head with adjustable positive roller spacing, comprising a cutter head body, a positive roller assembly, a clamping module, and a guide rail, the cutter head body has a plurality of cutter seat hole branches on the front surface, and the plurality of cutter seat hole branches are arranged according to the equal center angle radii; the cutter seat hole branches are distributed with guide rails, characterized in that:

[0009] The lower part of the positive roller assembly and the clamping module is matched with the sliding rail of the guide rail, and the positive roller assembly and the clamping module can slide along the cutter seat hole branch under the driving of external force.

[0010] A clamping module is fixedly installed on each of the two opposite sides of the positive roller assembly in the radial direction, and the clamping module comprises an end cover, a screw rod, an outer arm, an inner arm, a nut sleeve, a sleeve, a locking block, a friction block, and a screw plug.

[0011] The outer arm comprises two L-shaped rod members with the same shape, the two L-shaped rod members are connected through a plurality of sleeves, the friction block is installed in the space between the lower ends of the two L-shaped rod members, and the nut sleeve is installed in the space between the upper ends of the two L-shaped rod members; the nut sleeve is in the shape of a cylinder as a whole, a threaded hole is formed in the side surface of the cylinder, and a boss is arranged on each of the two bottom surfaces of the cylinder for connecting and fixing the two L-shaped rod members of the outer arm.

[0012] The inner arm also comprises two rod members with the same shape, the upper ends of the two rod members are located in the internal space of the two L-shaped rod members of the outer arm, and the upper ends of the inner arm and the outer arm are fixed together by a sleeve; the friction block is installed in the space between the lower ends of the two rod members of the inner arm, and the opposite surfaces of the friction blocks on the outer arm and the inner arm can clamp the guide rail.

[0013] A locking block is arranged on the inner arm below the nut sleeve, bosses are arranged on the two sides of the locking block, recesses for cooperating with the split ring are formed in the outer sides of the bosses, the locking block is fixed on the inner arm by the split ring to limit the movement of the locking block; a through hole is formed in the main body of the locking block, the lower part of the screw rod is a light shaft, the upper part of the screw rod is a threaded shaft, a circular recess is formed in the lower end of the light shaft of the screw rod, the light shaft extends into the through hole of the locking block, the screw rod and the locking block are fixed together at the bottom of the locking block by the split washer and the circular recess to limit the axial movement of the screw rod, the threaded shaft of the screw rod penetrates through the threaded hole of the nut sleeve, and the threaded hole of the nut sleeve and the screw rod form a screw pair to adjust the positions of the inner and outer arms; an internal hexagonal recess is arranged at the upper end of the threaded shaft for cooperating with the adjusting handle to realize the adjustment of the clamping module.

[0014] Each guide rail has two sliding tracks, and one clamping module has two identical structures of inner arms, outer arms, friction blocks, and screw pairs to control the clamping or loosening of one sliding track of the guide rail.

[0015] The front face of the cutter disc body is provided with six groove-equipped cutter seat hole branches in equal central angles; the positive hob assembly comprises a positive hob, a cutter seat and a pressing block; the cutter shaft of the positive hob is processed into a quasi-triangular wedge shape, the cutter seat is provided with a quasi-triangular wedge-shaped groove identical to the cross section of the cutter shaft of the positive hob, and the quasi-triangular wedge-shaped groove is used for fixing the positive hob; the upper surface of the quasi-triangular wedge-shaped groove of the cutter seat is provided with a recessed space for mounting the pressing block, the pressing block is provided with a threaded hole, and the pressing block is connected to the cutter seat by a pressing bolt to limit the rotation of the positive hob.

[0016] The end of the adjusting handle is provided with a hexagonal boss for cooperating with the screw rod to adjust the clamping force.

[0017] The arm type clamping structure formed by the combination of the inner arm and the outer arm, the nut sleeve and the screw rod cooperate to convert the rotation of the screw rod into the swing of the inner and outer arms to adjust the position of the friction block, thereby realizing the adjustment and fixation of the hob position.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0019] The TBM cutter disc adopts a brand-new hob radial position adjusting mode, and a clamping module for quickly adjusting the hob radial position is given.

[0020] The present application improves the geological adaptability of TBM work, ensures the tunneling rock breaking efficiency of TBM in different operation occasions, enables the TBM to work safely and efficiently, reduces the construction time and economic cost, and improves the overall engineering benefit.

[0021] The cutter disc can simultaneously meet the requirements of efficient and simple adjustment process and the reliability and stability of the hob position after adjustment, adopts a screw pair as the adjusting mode, fixes the hob position by the contact between the friction block and the guide rail on the cutter disc, and realizes the adjustment and fixation of the hob position by the arm type clamping structure formed by the combination of the inner arm and the outer arm, the nut sleeve and the screw rod cooperating to convert the rotation of the screw rod into the swing of the inner and outer arms to adjust the position of the friction block. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1The overall structure diagram of the TBM cutterhead with adjustable spacing of the positive roller of the present application.

[0024] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the guide rail 4 mounted on the cutterhead of the present application.

[0025] Figure 3(a) is the structure diagram of the combination of the positive roller assembly and the clamping module of the present application, that is, Figure 1 The enlarged view of A in figure 3(a).

[0026] Figure 3(b) is the structure diagram of the combination of the positive roller assembly and the clamping module of the present application after removing one side end cover 3-1.

[0027] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the positive roller assembly of the present application.

[0028] Figure 5 The overall structure diagram of the clamping module of the present application.

[0029] Figure 6 The internal structure diagram of the clamping module of the present application.

[0030] Figure 7 The structure diagram of the screw 3-2 of the present application.

[0031] Figure 8 The structure diagram of the nut sleeve 3-5 of the present application.

[0032] Figure 9 The structure diagram of the lock block 3-7 of the present application.

[0033] Figure 10 The structure diagram of the adjusting handle 3-10 of the present application.

[0034] In the figure, 1 is the cutterhead body, 2 is the positive roller assembly, 2-1 is the positive roller, 2-2 is the cutter seat, 2-3 is the pressing block, 3 is the clamping module, 4 is the guide rail.

[0035] End cover 3-1, screw 3-2, outer arm 3-3, inner arm 3-4, nut sleeve 3-5, sleeve 3-6, lock block 3-7, friction block 3-8, screw plug 3-9, adjusting handle 3-10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In the following description specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the application. However, the application can be practiced without the specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the application.

[0038] As an embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a TBM cutter head with adjustable positive roller spacing, comprising a disc-shaped cutter head body 1, six cutter seat hole branches are opened on the front face of the cutter head body 1, and the six cutter seat hole branches are arranged according to the equal center angle radii; guide rails 4 are distributed in the cutter seat hole branches, and threaded holes are arranged on the guide rails 4 to realize the fixation of the guide rails on the cutter head body; the positive roller assembly 2 and the clamping module 3 are provided with grooves with the same shape as the cross section of the guide rails, which can cooperate with the guide rails 4, and the positive roller assembly 2 and the clamping module 3 can slide along the cutter seat hole branches under the drive of external force; 4-6 combinations of the positive roller assembly 2 and the clamping module 3 are arranged in the cutter seat hole branches, which can be adjusted according to the working conditions.

[0039] The positive roller assembly 2, as shown in Figure 4 , comprises a positive roller 2-1, a cutter seat 2-2, and a pressing block 2-3. The cutter shaft of the positive roller 2-1 is processed into a triangular wedge shape, the cutter seat 2-2 is provided with a triangular wedge-shaped groove with the same shape as the cross section of the cutter shaft of the positive roller 2-1, and the triangular wedge-shaped groove is used for fixing the positive roller 2-1; a recessed space for installing the pressing block is arranged on the upper surface of the cutter seat triangular wedge-shaped groove, the pressing block 2-3 is provided with two threaded holes, and the pressing block is installed in the recessed space on the upper surface of the triangular wedge-shaped groove through the threaded holes of the pressing bolt, and the pressing block is connected to the cutter seat 2-2 through the pressing bolt to limit the rotation of the positive roller 2-1.

[0040] As shown in Fig. 3(a), one clamping module 3 is installed on each of the two sides of the triangular wedge-shaped groove of the positive roller assembly 2, and the bottom of the clamping module 3 and the bottom of the positive roller assembly 2 are provided with grooves matched with the guide rails 4.

[0041] Each clamping module 3 (see Fig. 3(b)) comprises an end cover 3-1, a screw rod 3-2, an outer arm 3-3, an inner arm 3-4, a nut sleeve 3-5 (see Figure 8 ), a sleeve 3-6, a lock block 3-7 (see Figure 9 ), a friction block 3-8, and a screw plug 3-9.

[0042] The outer arm 3-3 comprises two L-shaped rods with the same shape, which are connected by three sleeves 3-6. A friction block 3-8 is installed in the space between the lower ends of the two L-shaped rods, and a nut sleeve 3-5 is installed in the space between the upper ends of the two L-shaped rods. The nut sleeve is in the shape of a cylinder, and a threaded hole is formed in the side of the cylinder. Two bosses are arranged on the two bottom surfaces of the cylinder, respectively, for connecting and fixing the two L-shaped rods of the outer arm.

[0043] The inner arm 3-4 also comprises two rods with the same shape. The upper ends of the two rods are located in the inner space of the two L-shaped rods of the outer arm, and the upper ends of the inner arm and the outer arm are fixed together by a sleeve. A friction block is installed in the space between the lower ends of the two rods of the inner arm. The opposite surfaces of the friction blocks on the outer arm and the inner arm can clamp the guide rail.

[0044] A lock block 3-7 is arranged on the inner arm below the nut sleeve. The lock block (see Figure 9 ) is provided with bosses on both sides, and grooves are formed on the outer sides of the bosses for cooperating with the split ring. The split ring is used to fix the lock block on the inner arm, thereby limiting the movement of the lock block 3-7. A through hole is formed in the main body of the lock block. The lower part of the screw rod 3-2 (see Figure 7 ) is a light shaft, and the upper part is a threaded shaft. The screw rod is in an integrated structure. A circular groove is formed in the lower end of the light shaft of the screw rod. The light shaft extends into the through hole of the lock block. The screw rod and the lock block are fixed together at the bottom of the lock block by means of the split washer and the circular groove, thereby limiting the axial movement of the screw rod 3-2. The threaded shaft of the screw rod passes through the threaded hole of the nut sleeve. The threaded hole of the nut sleeve 3-5 and the screw rod 3-2 form a screw pair to adjust the position of the inner and outer arms. An internal hexagonal groove is formed in the upper end of the threaded shaft for cooperating with the adjusting handle 3-10, thereby realizing the adjustment of the clamping module.

[0045] The outer arm 3-3, the sleeve 3-6, and one friction block 3-8 form the outer framework of the clamping module 3. The inner arm and the other friction block form the inner framework of the clamping module.

[0046] Each guide rail 4 has two slides. One clamping module has two identical inner arms, outer arms, friction blocks, and screw pairs, which are used to control the clamping or loosening of one slide of the guide rail.

[0047] The end cap 3-1 is used to wrap the structure composed of the inner arm, the outer arm, the friction block, and the screw pair. A threaded sealing hole is formed in the top surface of the end cap at the relative position of the upper end of the screw rod. The internal hexagonal groove of the upper end of the screw rod is exposed. When the distance does not need to be adjusted, a screw plug is used to fix the threaded sealing hole.

[0048] The outer arm 3-3 and the inner arm 3-4 are fixed on the side of the tool holder 2-2 by bolts, and the end cover 3-1 is also connected with the tool holder 2-2 by bolts, so that the whole clamping module 3 is fixed to the tool holder 2-2.

[0049] The specific working process of the TBM cutter head with adjustable positive roller spacing according to the present application is as follows:

[0050] When the geological conditions change and the spacing of the positive roller needs to be changed, first, the screw plug 3-9 of the clamping module 3 is unscrewed, the adjusting handle 3-10 is inserted into the groove of the screw rod 3-2, the adjusting handle 3-10 is rotated to separate the friction block 3-8 from the side surface of the guide rail 4, at this time, the whole roller assembly is in a relaxed state, when an external force is applied to the roller assembly to move it to the target position in the radial direction, the adjusting handle 3-10 is rotated in the opposite direction again to make the friction block 3-8 tightly fit the side surface of the guide rail 4, so that the clamping module is in a clamping working state, the adjusting handle 3-10 is pulled out, and the screw plug 3-9 is tightened. The above adjustment operation is sequentially performed on the two clamping modules 3 connected with the positive roller assembly 2. The clamping module has good self-locking performance due to the screw pair formed by the screw rod 3-2 and the nut sleeve 3-5, and can maintain the clamping working state. The size of the positive roller assembly 2 is 550mmx350mmx390mm, the size of the end cover of the clamping module 3 is 550mmx70mmx250mm, the height of the clamping module is less than the height of the positive roller assembly, and the width of the clamping module is less than half the width of the positive roller assembly.

[0051] When the spacing between the adjacent rollers to be adjusted in the branch of the tool holder hole is large, the radial external force can be directly applied to the end surface of the clamping module to adjust the radial position of the roller for large step adjustment; when the spacing between the adjacent rollers to be adjusted is small, at this time, there is a space of not less than 550mmx140mmx140mm in the width direction of the clamping module, the radial external force can be applied to the upper part of the tool holder end surface to change the radial position of the roller for small step adjustment, and the clamping module can clamp the assembly at any position on the guide rail without the need for slotting, hole opening and other operations, thus avoiding the defects that the adjusted position can only be the fixed hole distance due to the slotting and hole opening in the prior art, so that the present application can realize continuous adjustment of the spacing of the positive roller according to the actual geological conditions.

[0052] The scheme for adjusting the radial position of the roller on the cutter head in the present application can realize continuous adjustment of the spacing of the positive roller, is more in line with engineering practice, and has more simple and efficient adjustment operation, thereby ensuring the high tunneling efficiency of the TBM.

[0053] While the application has been described in detail with particular references to specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications or changes in form and details can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. It is therefore intended that the application be construed as including all such modifications and changes as fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0054] The application not described is applicable to the prior art.

Claims

1. A TBM cutterhead with adjustable positive roller spacing, comprising a cutterhead body, a positive roller assembly, a clamping module, a guide rail, a plurality of cutter seat hole branches are arranged on the front surface of the cutterhead body according to equal center angles; the guide rail is distributed in the cutter seat hole branches, characterized in that: the lower part of the positive roller assembly and the clamping module is matched with the slide rail of the guide rail, and the positive roller assembly and the clamping module can slide along the cutter seat hole branch under the drive of external force; one clamping module is respectively fixed and installed on the two opposite sides of the positive roller assembly in the radial direction, the clamping module comprises an end cover, a screw rod, an outer arm, an inner arm, a nut sleeve, a sleeve, a locking block, a friction block and a screw plug; the outer arm comprises two L-shaped rod members with the same shape, the two L-shaped rod members are connected through a plurality of sleeves, the friction block is installed in the space between the lower ends of the two L-shaped rod members, and the nut sleeve is installed in the space between the upper ends of the two L-shaped rod members; the nut sleeve is in the shape of a cylinder as a whole, a threaded hole is formed in the side surface of the cylinder, and a boss is arranged on each bottom surface of the cylinder for connecting and fixing the two L-shaped rod members of the outer arm; the inner arm also comprises two rod members with the same shape, the upper ends of the two rod members are located in the inner space of the two L-shaped rod members of the outer arm, and the upper ends of the inner arm and the outer arm are fixed together by a sleeve; the friction block is installed in the space between the lower ends of the two rod members of the inner arm, and the opposite surfaces of the friction blocks on the outer arm and the inner arm can clamp the guide rail; a locking block is arranged on the inner arm below the nut sleeve, bosses are arranged on the two sides of the locking block, a groove is formed in the outer side of the boss for cooperating with an open check ring, the locking block is fixed on the inner arm through the open check ring to limit the movement of the locking block; a through hole is formed in the main body of the locking block, the lower part of the screw rod is a light shaft, the upper part of the screw rod is a threaded shaft, a circular groove is formed in the lower end of the light shaft of the screw rod, the light shaft extends into the through hole of the locking block, the screw rod and the locking block are fixed together at the bottom of the locking block through the open washer and the circular groove to limit the axial movement of the screw rod, the threaded shaft of the screw rod penetrates through the threaded hole of the nut sleeve, and the threaded hole of the nut sleeve and the screw rod form a screw pair to adjust the position of the inner and outer arms; an internal hexagonal groove is arranged at the upper end of the threaded shaft for cooperating with an adjusting handle to realize the adjustment of the clamping module. Each guide rail has two slides, and one clamping module has two identical structures composed of an inner arm, an outer arm, a friction block and a screw pair to control the clamping or loosening of one slide of the guide rail. Six cutter seat hole branches with grooves are arranged on the front surface of the cutterhead body according to equal center angles; the positive roller assembly comprises a positive roller, a cutter seat and a pressing block; the cutter shaft of the positive roller is processed into a triangular wedge shape, a triangular wedge-shaped groove with the same shape as the cross section of the cutter shaft of the positive roller is arranged on the cutter seat, and the triangular wedge-shaped groove is used for fixing the positive roller; a recessed space for installing the pressing block is arranged on the upper surface of the triangular wedge-shaped groove of the cutter seat, a threaded hole is arranged on the pressing block, and the pressing block is connected to the cutter seat through a pressing bolt to limit the rotation of the positive roller. A hexagonal boss is arranged at the end of the adjusting handle to cooperate with the screw rod to adjust the clamping force. ​ ​ 2. The TBM cutterhead with adjustable pitch of the positive roller cutters according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 3. The TBM cutterhead of claim 1, wherein: ​ 4. The TBM cutterhead of claim 1, wherein: ​ 5. The TBM cutterhead of claim 1, wherein: The arm type clamping structure is combined by the inner arm and the outer arm, the nut sleeve cooperates with the screw rod, the rotation of the screw rod is converted into the swing of the inner and outer arms through the nut sleeve, and then the position of the friction block is adjusted, the position adjustment and fixation of the hob are realized, and the clamping module can clamp the assembly body at any position on the guide rail, and continuous adjustment of the positive hob spacing is realized.

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