Front cutting and extruding device for crushing wet straws

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of straw secondary processing, in particular to a front cutting and extruding device for crushing wet straw, which comprises a shell, a cutting and extruding device, a cutting and extruding device, a cutting and extruding device and a cutting and extruding device, the two-way reamer mechanism is arranged in the shell and is in transmission connection with a driving device fixed on the rack, and the two-way reamer mechanism comprises a first reamer assembly and a second reamer assembly which are opposite in rotating direction; the first reamer assembly comprises a rotatable left-hand hob, the second reamer assembly comprises a rotatable right-hand hob, and the left-hand hob and the right-hand hob are driven by the driving device to move oppositely to form hobbing of straw. The front cutting and extruding device for crushing the wet straw solves the problems that in the processing and cutting process of the wet straw, vibration of equipment is large, impact borne by a cutter is large, the cutter is prone to abrasion, and the service life is short.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of secondary processing of straw, and in particular to a pre-cutting and extrusion device for crushing wet straw. Background Technology

[0002] Straw, as a traditional agricultural waste, has long faced challenges in treatment, including pollution from burning and inefficient composting. In recent years, secondary processing technologies for straw have transformed it into high-value-added products such as biomass fuel, biogas, and organic fertilizer through physical compression, pyrolysis gasification, and bio-fermentation. Industrial straw processing typically requires large quantities of straw due to its low density and large volume. For transporting large quantities of straw, the best approach is to first cut and crush it, which facilitates handling and storage. However, during the initial collection of straw in the fields, the moisture content is high. Traditional straw crushers, using unidirectional fixed rotating cutters, experience significant vibration when cutting straw with high moisture content, frequently resulting in tangling and jamming, further accelerating blade wear, severely impacting the smoothness of the processing, and causing a short lifespan for the equipment's working blades. Utility Model Content

[0003] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0004] This utility model provides a pre-cutting and extrusion device for crushing wet straw, which aims to solve the problems of large vibration, large impact on the blades, easy wear and short life of the equipment during the processing and cutting of wet straw.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a pre-cutting and extrusion device for crushing wet straw, comprising:

[0007] frame;

[0008] The housing is fixedly installed on the frame, with a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom;

[0009] A bidirectional reamer mechanism is disposed within the housing and is connected to a drive device fixed to the frame. The bidirectional reamer mechanism includes a first reamer assembly and a second reamer assembly that rotate in opposite directions.

[0010] The first reamer assembly includes a rotatable left-handed roller cutter, and the second reamer assembly includes a rotatable right-handed roller cutter. The left-handed and right-handed roller cutters move towards each other under the drive of the driving device to form a rolling cut on the straw.

[0011] A further technical solution is that the first reamer assembly further includes a first cutter head and a first cutter bar;

[0012] The left-handed hob is rotatably mounted on the first cutter bar and can be detachably mounted on the first cutter disc along the radial direction of the first cutter disc. The first cutter disc is connected to the driving device in a transmission manner.

[0013] The second reamer assembly also includes a second cutter head and a second cutter bar;

[0014] The right-hand hob is rotatably mounted on the second cutter bar and can be detachably mounted on the second cutter disc along the radial direction of the second cutter disc. The second cutter disc is connected to the drive device.

[0015] A further technical solution is that the driving device includes a first driving device and a second driving device.

[0016] The first drive device is fixed to the frame and connected to the first cutter head;

[0017] The second drive device is fixed to the frame and connected to the second cutter head;

[0018] The first cutter head and the second cutter head are each provided with multiple sets of mounting holes in their radial direction. The first cutter bar is installed in the mounting hole of the first cutter head by threaded connection, and the second cutter bar is installed in the mounting hole of the second cutter head by threaded connection.

[0019] A further technical solution is that the mounting positions of the first tool holder on the first cutter head and the second tool holder on the second cutter head are configured such that the imaginary cylinders formed by the maximum outer contours of the left-hand and right-hand hobs are tangent or have a small gap.

[0020] A further technical solution includes a roller pressing mechanism and a third drive device;

[0021] The roller pressing mechanism is located at the bottom of the housing and between the bidirectional reamer mechanism and the discharge port. The third driving device can drive the roller pressing mechanism to rotate to squeeze and cut the straw.

[0022] A further technical solution is that the roller pressing mechanism includes a first pressure roller and a second pressure roller arranged in parallel with each other, with a gap between the first pressure roller and the second pressure roller, and connected by gear transmission, the gap being used for passing cut straw.

[0023] A further technical solution is that the first pressure roller or the second pressure roller is connected to the third drive device via a belt drive, and the third drive device is mounted above the fixed plate at the bottom of the frame via a linear damper.

[0024] A further technical solution is that the housing is provided with an openable baffle.

[0025] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0026] In this invention, the bidirectional reamer mechanism operates by having a first and a second blade bar rotating in opposite directions, respectively driving a left-handed and a right-handed roller blade to compress the straw. During this compression process, the left-handed roller blade rotates along the first blade bar, while the right-handed roller blade rotates along the second blade bar. This results in the roller blades cutting the straw bidirectionally at a helical angle. Furthermore, due to the rotatable connection between the roller blades and the blade bars, the roller blades can rotate freely on the blade bars. This self-adaptive rotation of the roller blades can counteract the impact of the cutting process, reduce equipment vibration, and extend the service life of the blades, even in cases of uneven feeding. This bidirectional compression roller cutting represents a significant improvement over traditional unidirectional flat cutting. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a pre-cutting device for crushing wet straw.

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the pre-cutting device for crushing wet straw;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a double-reamer mechanism.

[0030] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0031] 1: Frame; 2: Housing; 21: Feed inlet; 22: Discharge outlet; 3: Bidirectional reamer mechanism; 31: First reamer assembly; 311: First cutter head; 312: First cutter bar; 313: Left-handed hob; 32: Second reamer assembly; 321: Second cutter head; 322: Second cutter bar; 323: Right-handed hob; 41: First drive device; 42: Second drive device; 5: Mounting hole; 6: Roller pressing mechanism; 61: First pressure roller; 62: Second pressure roller; 7: Third drive device; 8: Linear damper. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To better explain and facilitate understanding of this utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] This embodiment provides a pre-cutting and extrusion device for crushing wet straw, such as... Figures 1-3As shown, it includes: a frame 1; a housing 2, which is fixedly installed on the frame 1, with a feed inlet 21 at the top and a discharge outlet 22 at the bottom; and a bidirectional reamer mechanism 3, which is disposed inside the housing 2 and is connected to a drive device fixed on the frame 1. The bidirectional reamer mechanism 3 includes a first reamer assembly 31 and a second reamer assembly 32 that rotate in opposite directions. The first reamer assembly 31 includes a rotatable left-handed roller 313, and the second reamer assembly 32 includes a rotatable right-handed roller 323. The left-handed roller 313 and the right-handed roller 323 move towards each other under the drive of the drive device to form a rolling cut on the straw.

[0034] It should be noted that the left-hand and right-hand rolling cutters in this embodiment are preferred, but a single spiral rolling cutter or a rolling cutter with multiple axially parallel cutting edges can also be used.

[0035] In the aforementioned device, the frame 1 primarily provides effective support for the entire equipment. It is constructed from welded steel profiles, making manufacturing convenient, quick, and cost-effective. The housing 2 is made of stainless steel sheet metal and supported by bolts, simplifying installation and maintenance. Support columns or beams need to be appropriately added between the housing 2 and the frame 1 to improve the overall structural rigidity. The feed inlet 21 is located at the top of the housing 2 for feeding materials, and a movable baffle can be optionally installed to enhance safety. In this embodiment, straw is fed downwards along the feed inlet 21. When the roller of the bidirectional reamer mechanism 3 moves to its highest position, it is directly below the feed inlet 21. The first and second blade bars 312 and 322, which rotate in opposite directions, drive the left-hand roller 313 and the right-hand roller 323 to compress the straw. During this compression process, the left-hand roller 313 rotates along the first blade bar 312, and the right-hand roller 323 rotates along the second blade bar 322. In this way, the blades will perform bidirectional compression and cutting of the straw at an oblique angle. At the same time, due to the rotatable connection between the roller and the blade bar, the roller can rotate freely on the blade bar. Thus, even in the case of uneven feeding, the adaptive rotation of the roller can offset the impact of the cutting process, reduce equipment vibration, and extend the service life of the blades. This bidirectional compression roller cutting is a significant improvement over the traditional unidirectional flat cutting.

[0036] In summary, the cutting device of this embodiment achieves efficient cutting of wet straw through the design of the bidirectional reamer mechanism 3. The left-hand and right-hand rotating cutters 313 and 323, moving in opposite directions, generate bidirectional compressive shearing forces. Simultaneously, the adaptive rotation of the cutters significantly improves cutting efficiency, making it particularly suitable for cutting high-moisture straw. This symmetrical cutter layout not only ensures uniform cutting but also effectively prevents straw entanglement and blockage. Furthermore, the opposing forces generated by the bidirectional rotation make the device operate more smoothly, reducing vibration and energy consumption. The overall structure is also more compact.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first reamer assembly 31 further includes a first cutter head 311 and a first cutter bar 312; a left-handed hob 313 is rotatably disposed on the first cutter bar 312 and can be detachably mounted on the first cutter head 311 along the radial direction of the first cutter head 311, and the first cutter head 311 is connected to the driving device. The second reamer assembly 32 further includes a second cutter head 321 and a second cutter bar 322; a right-handed hob 323 is rotatably disposed on the second cutter bar 322 and can be detachably mounted on the second cutter head 321 along the radial direction of the second cutter head 321, and the second cutter head 321 is connected to the driving device.

[0038] In this example, the modular cutter head and cutter shank structure achieves the advantage of rapid integration. The detachable cutter shank installation method greatly simplifies the cutter maintenance and replacement process. The radially adjustable cutter shank design along the cutter head allows the cutter spacing to be flexibly adjusted according to different straw characteristics, ensuring optimal cutting results. The left-hand and right-hand rotary cutters 323 are independently mounted on their respective cutter heads, ensuring precise matching of the two-way cutters and facilitating individual inspection or replacement, improving the versatility and interchangeability of parts, and reducing equipment maintenance costs.

[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment, the driving device includes a first driving device 41 and a second driving device 42;

[0040] The first drive unit 41 is fixed to the frame 1 and connected to the first cutter head 311. The second drive unit 42 is fixed to the frame 1 and connected to the second cutter head 321. Multiple sets of mounting holes 5 are provided on both the first cutter head 311 and the second cutter head 321 along their radial direction. The first cutter bar 312 is threadedly connected to the mounting hole 5 of the first cutter head 311, and the second cutter bar 322 is threadedly connected to the mounting hole 5 of the second cutter head 321.

[0041] It should be noted that the above-mentioned fit between the tool holder and the mounting hole 5 can also be replaced by the fit between the tool holder and the slide groove.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, the mounting positions of the first cutter bar 312 on the first cutter head 311 and the second cutter bar 322 on the second cutter head 321 are configured such that the imaginary cylinders formed by the maximum outer contours of the left-handed hob 313 and the right-handed hob 323 are tangent or have a small gap. This precise control of the cutter spatial layout optimizes the cutting effect. The tangent or small gap between the imaginary cylinders formed by the maximum outer contours of the left-handed hob 313 and the right-handed hob 323 ensures that the bidirectional cutters maintain a minimum effective distance during operation, guaranteeing sufficient shearing of the straw while avoiding wear caused by direct contact between the cutters. The tangent state generates the maximum shearing force, making it particularly suitable for processing thick or high-fiber wet straw; while the small gap design prevents debris accumulation and reduces power loss. In this example, a small gap of 2mm is preferred.

[0043] In addition, this embodiment also includes a roller pressing mechanism 6 and a third driving device 7;

[0044] The roller pressing mechanism 6 is located at the bottom of the housing 2, between the bidirectional reamer mechanism 3 and the discharge port 22. The third drive device 7 can drive the roller pressing mechanism 6 to rotate and compress the cut straw. Specifically, the roller pressing mechanism 6 includes a first pressure roller 61 and a second pressure roller 62 arranged in parallel. There is a gap between the first pressure roller 61 and the second pressure roller 62, and they are connected by gear transmission. The gap is used for the passage of cut straw. This roller pressing mechanism 6 design achieves optimized straw processing through the synergistic action of the two pressure rollers. The parallel first pressure roller 61 and the second pressure roller 62 maintain synchronous counter-rotation through gear transmission. The gap between them allows the cut straw to pass through and applies uniform extrusion force to the straw. This structure has the following advantages: First, the gear transmission ensures strict synchronization of the rotation speed of the two pressure rollers, avoiding straw entanglement; second, the layout between the reamer mechanism and the discharge port 22 allows the straw to be cut and immediately compacted, which not only increases the material density for easy transportation and storage, but also further breaks down the straw fiber structure through extrusion, creating favorable conditions for subsequent processing.

[0045] Furthermore, the first pressure roller 61 or the second pressure roller 62 is connected to the third drive device 7 via a belt drive. The third drive device 7 is mounted above the fixed plate at the bottom of the frame 1 via a linear damper 8. This embodiment optimizes power transmission through an elastic connection. The belt drive connecting the pressure roller and the third drive device 7 not only provides overload protection but also effectively absorbs vibration impacts. The linear damper 8 forms a floating support structure for the entire drive device, which can buffer the periodic impact loads generated during straw compression and suppress mechanical resonance through damping characteristics, significantly improving the reliability and service life of the equipment under variable load conditions.

[0046] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the housing 2 is provided with an openable baffle. Specifically, the openable baffle is connected by a hinge, and when the baffle is in the fully open state, the internal tools can be installed, adjusted, and replaced.

[0047] In addition, all the driving devices in this embodiment are motors, which are respectively referred to as the first motor, the second motor and the third motor.

[0048] The working process of the pre-cutting and extruding device for crushing wet straw provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0049] First, turn on the power to the equipment, enabling the first, second, and third motors to operate, with the first and second motors rotating in opposite directions. Then, feed the straw into the device through the feed inlet 21 at the top. At this point, the first cutter bar 312 on the first cutter disc 311 and the second cutter bar 322 on the second cutter disc 321 will rotate in opposite directions, driving the left-hand and right-hand roller cutters 313 and 323 to bidirectionally compress and shear the straw. During this process, the left and right roller cutters adaptively rotate and compress according to the size of the straw, cutting it at an angle using a spiral cutter. The cut straw is then further compressed through the gap between the first and second pressure rollers 61 and 62 below, and finally discharged through the discharge outlet 22 at the bottom.

[0050] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a specific posture (as shown in the attached figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. In the description of this embodiment, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0052] In this embodiment, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] It should be understood that the above description of the specific embodiments of this utility model is only for illustrating the technical route and features of this utility model, and its purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. However, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. All changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims of this utility model should be covered by the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pre-cutting and extruding device for crushing wet straw, characterized in that, include: Rack (1); The housing (2) is fixedly installed on the frame (1), with a feed inlet (21) at the top and a discharge outlet (22) at the bottom. A bidirectional reamer mechanism (3) is disposed inside the housing (2) and is connected to a drive device fixed on the frame (1). The bidirectional reamer mechanism (3) includes a first reamer assembly (31) and a second reamer assembly (32) that rotate in opposite directions. The first reamer assembly (31) includes a rotatable left-handed roller (313), and the second reamer assembly (32) includes a rotatable right-handed roller (323). The left-handed roller (313) and the right-handed roller (323) move toward each other under the drive of the driving device to form a rolling cut on the straw.

2. The pre-cutting and extruding device for crushing wet straw as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first reamer assembly (31) further includes a first cutter head (311) and a first cutter bar (312). The left-handed hob (313) is rotatably mounted on the first cutter bar (312) and can be detachably mounted on the first cutter disc (311) along the radial direction of the first cutter disc (311). The first cutter disc (311) is connected to the drive device in a transmission manner. The second reamer assembly (32) also includes a second cutter head (321) and a second cutter bar (322); The right-hand hob (323) is rotatably mounted on the second cutter bar (322) and can be detachably mounted on the second cutter disc (321) along the radial direction of the second cutter disc (321). The second cutter disc (321) is connected to the drive device.

3. The pre-cutting and extruding device for crushing wet straw as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The driving device includes a first driving device (41) and a second driving device (42). The first drive device (41) is fixed on the frame (1) and connected to the first cutter head (311); The second drive device (42) is fixed on the frame (1) and connected to the second cutter head (321); The first cutter head (311) and the second cutter head (321) are provided with multiple sets of mounting holes (5) in their radial direction. The first cutter bar (312) is installed in the mounting hole (5) of the first cutter head (311) by threaded connection, and the second cutter bar (322) is installed in the mounting hole (5) of the second cutter head (321) by threaded connection.

4. The pre-cutting and extruding device for crushing wet straw as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting position of the first cutter bar (312) on the first cutter head (311) and the mounting position of the second cutter bar (322) on the second cutter head (321) are configured such that the imaginary cylinders formed by the maximum outer contours of the left-hand hob (313) and the right-hand hob (323) are tangent or have a small gap.

5. The pre-cutting and extruding device for crushing wet straw as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a roller pressing mechanism (6) and a third drive device (7); The roller pressing mechanism (6) is located at the bottom of the housing (2) and between the bidirectional reamer mechanism (3) and the discharge port (22). The third driving device (7) can drive the roller pressing mechanism (6) to rotate to squeeze the cut straw.

6. The pre-cutting and extruding device for crushing wet straw as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The roller pressing mechanism (6) includes a first pressing roller (61) and a second pressing roller (62) arranged in parallel with each other. There is a gap between the first pressing roller (61) and the second pressing roller (62), and they are connected by gear transmission. The gap is used to pass through the cut straw.

7. The pre-cutting and extruding device for crushing wet straw as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The first pressure roller (61) or the second pressure roller (62) is connected to the third drive device (7) via belt drive. The third drive device (7) is mounted above the fixed plate at the bottom of the frame (1) via a linear damper (8).

8. The pre-cutting and extruding device for crushing wet straw as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (2) is provided with an openable baffle.

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