A grinding wheel with orderly arranged abrasive grains and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to an abrasive orderly arranged grinding wheel and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method includes the following steps: providing a nickel layer on a grinding wheel substrate; processing a plurality of abrasive through holes adapted to the required abrasive arrangement pattern on an insulating tape; fixing the insulating tape with the plurality of abrasive through holes on the nickel layer of the grinding wheel substrate; placing the grinding wheel substrate with the fixed insulating tape into an electroplating bath, and using the method of electrochemical anodic dissolution to dissolve a plurality of pits on the nickel layer of the grinding wheel substrate, wherein the plurality of pits correspond one by one to the plurality of abrasive through holes of the insulating tape; removing the insulating tape on the nickel layer, and respectively fixing a plurality of abrasives to the plurality of pits of the grinding wheel substrate to obtain the required abrasive orderly arranged grinding wheel. By using the method of electrochemical anodic dissolution to dissolve pits on the nickel layer, the required arrangement template can be directly obtained on the grinding wheel substrate, which is suitable for the preparation of diamond grinding wheels with more fine-grained abrasives arranged orderly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of superhard abrasive machining, and particularly to an abrasive orderly arranged grinding wheel and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional grinding wheels are mostly multi-layer binder grinding wheels or single-layer brazed or electroplated grinding wheels. The distribution of abrasives is highly random and they are more commonly used in the process of rough grinding of materials. However, due to the easy generation of high temperature during grinding, such grinding wheels are not very suitable for finish machining or grinding of special materials. For the grinding wheel with orderly arrangement, due to the regular distribution of abrasive grains, the chip space during machining is larger, and the grinding heat is more easily dissipated, which is beneficial to reducing the grinding temperature. However, there are certain difficulties in the preparation of single-layer diamond grinding wheels with orderly arranged abrasives, such as it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of abrasive grain arrangement; it is more difficult to prepare fine-grained orderly arranged grinding wheels, etc.

[0003] The existing methods for realizing orderly arrangement mostly include template method, dispensing method, negative pressure method and magnetic attraction method. Among them, the production of templates mostly arranges abrasive grains by adding metal sheets with positioning holes or plating abrasive grains after insulating the area on the surface of the grinding wheel base without abrasive grain attachment. For example, a method for producing an orderly arranged diamond grinding wheel disclosed in the Chinese patent document with application number CN201610930777 sets positioning holes on an annular metal sheet to place positioning abrasive grains, and uses two layers of metal sheets to clamp the abrasive grains for welding and fixing. Although this arrangement method can make the exposure consistency of abrasive grains better, the structure of clamping with two layers of metal sheets is complex, the arrangement speed is slow, the processing efficiency is low, and it is difficult to demold after welding and fixing. In addition, due to the mutual interference between the main bodies (such as the hole positions in the template method, the glue drops in the dispensing method, and the air pipes in the negative pressure method) used to control single abrasive grains in the template, it also causes interference of abrasive grains during the process of arranging abrasive grains, and it is also not applicable to the orderly arrangement of finer abrasive grains.

[0004] The above inventions have problems such as cumbersome processes, difficult demolding, low efficiency, and inapplicability to the orderly arrangement of finer abrasive grains. Since the production of most templates is to machine grooves and hole positions on an external metal sheet and then weld them on the base to arrange abrasive grains, the process is cumbersome. It is difficult to machine smaller hole positions during the machining of hole positions, and it is difficult to machine some special shapes (such as rhombus, square, special shape), and the accuracy is also difficult to guarantee. Then it is difficult to demold after welding and fixing. For the template using insulation treatment, it is necessary to first coat and deposit an insulator on the surface of the base, expose the hole positions for fixing abrasive grains by laser or corrosion, and then it is also necessary to involve processes such as removing the insulation layer. These methods are all that the abrasive grains contact the surface of the base and then weld or electroplate to embed the abrasive grains. Although the exposed edge degree of the abrasive grains is high, there are inevitably problems such as small embedding depth and insufficient holding force. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a preparation method for a grinding wheel with orderly arranged abrasive grains, which does not require additional application of templates such as arranging metal sheets, does not involve subsequent demolding problems, can prepare an arrangement template with high precision, and is applicable to the preparation of diamond grinding wheels with more finely sized abrasive grains arranged orderly.

[0006] Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a grinding wheel with orderly arranged abrasive grains.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purposes, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A preparation method for a grinding wheel with orderly arranged abrasive grains includes the following steps.

[0009] Set a nickel layer on the grinding wheel base body.

[0010] Process a plurality of abrasive grain through-holes adapted to the required arrangement mode of abrasive grains on the insulating tape.

[0011] Fix the insulating tape with a plurality of abrasive grain through-holes on the nickel layer of the grinding wheel base body.

[0012] Put the grinding wheel base body with the fixed insulating tape into an electroplating bath, and use the method of electrochemical anodic dissolution to dissolve a plurality of pits on the nickel layer of the grinding wheel base body, and the plurality of pits correspond one by one to the plurality of abrasive grain through-holes of the insulating tape.

[0013] Remove the insulating tape on the nickel layer, and respectively fix a plurality of abrasive grains in the plurality of pits of the grinding wheel base body to obtain the required grinding wheel with orderly arranged abrasive grains.

[0014] Further, the implementation method of setting a nickel layer on the grinding wheel base body is to put the grinding wheel base body into an electroplating bath with nickel plates, use the grinding wheel base body as the cathode and the nickel plates as the anode, and electroplate a nickel layer on the grinding wheel base body.

[0015] Further, the thickness of the nickel layer is 50%-60% of the diameter of the abrasive grains.

[0016] Further, before electroplating the nickel layer, the grinding wheel base body is subjected to chemical degreasing and electrochemical degreasing treatments.

[0017] Further, the implementation method of processing a plurality of abrasive grain through-holes on the insulating tape is to ablate the positions where the abrasive grains need to be arranged on the insulating tape with a laser.

[0018] Further, the depth of the pits is 20%-30% of the height of the abrasive grains.

[0019] Further, after respectively fixing a plurality of abrasive grains in the plurality of pits of the grinding wheel base body, the abrasive grains are also subjected to a strengthening treatment.

[0020] Further, the method for strengthening the abrasive grains is to place the grinding wheel base body with the abrasive grains fixed therein into an electroplating bath with nickel plates, use the grinding wheel base body as the cathode and the nickel plates as the anodes, and continue electroplating and embedding for thickening to fix the abrasive grains.

[0021] Further, the method for strengthening the abrasive grains is to perform brazing on the grinding wheel base body with the abrasive grains fixed therein to fix the abrasive grains.

[0022] A grinding wheel with orderly arranged abrasive grains is prepared by using a preparation method for a grinding wheel with orderly arranged abrasive grains.

[0023] Generally speaking, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] The present invention first sets a nickel layer on the grinding wheel base body, then fixes an insulating tape made according to the arrangement mode of the abrasive grains on the nickel layer, exposes the corresponding positions on the nickel layer through the abrasive grain through holes on the insulating tape, and uses the method of electrochemical anodic dissolution to dissolve pits on the nickel layer, so that the required arrangement template can be directly obtained on the grinding wheel base body, without the need to additionally apply templates such as arrangement metal sheets, without involving subsequent demolding problems, and as long as the required abrasive grain through holes are exposed in the electrolyte, the required arrangement template can be prepared, which is applicable to the preparation of diamond grinding wheels with more orderly arranged finer abrasive grains. In addition, after dissolving pits on the nickel layer, when the abrasive grains are fixed in pits with a certain depth, a certain embedding depth will be directly formed, and the embedding depth can be further deepened by electroplating or brazing methods subsequently, effectively improving the holding force of the abrasive grains. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic plan view of the grinding wheel base body, nickel layer and insulating tape of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural view of the arrangement template on the grinding wheel base body of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the arrangement of abrasive grains on the grinding wheel base body of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural view of the grinding wheel base body of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure:

[0030] 1 - grinding wheel base body, 2 - nickel layer, 3 - insulating tape, 4 - boss, 5 - arrangement template. Detailed Embodiments

[0031] The following will further elaborate on the present invention in detail.

[0032] As Figures 1 - 4 shown, a preparation method for a grinding wheel with orderly arranged abrasive grains includes the following steps

[0033] A nickel layer 2 is provided on the grinding wheel base body 1;

[0034] A plurality of abrasive through holes adapted to the required arrangement pattern of the abrasives are machined on the insulating tape 3;

[0035] The insulating tape 3 with a plurality of abrasive through holes is fixed to the nickel layer 2 on the grinding wheel base body 1;

[0036] The grinding wheel base body 1 fixed with the insulating tape 3 is placed in an electroplating bath for electroplating. At this time, the part of the nickel layer 2 exposed through the abrasive through holes serves as an anode and dissolves. The method of electrochemical anodic dissolution is used to dissolve a plurality of pits on the nickel layer 2 of the grinding wheel base body 1, and the plurality of pits correspond one-to-one to the plurality of abrasive through holes of the insulating tape 3;

[0037] Control the current density and electroplating time. The depth of the dissolved pits is preferably 20%-30% of the height of the abrasives. These pits are the arrangement templates 5 transferred to the grinding wheel base body 1.

[0038] Tear off the insulating tape 3 on the nickel layer 2, and fix the plurality of abrasives to the plurality of pits on the grinding wheel base body 1 respectively with an adhesive such as glue to obtain the grinding wheel with the required orderly arrangement of abrasives.

[0039] The abrasives are strong oxidation abrasives to improve the bonding strength between the abrasives and the metallic nickel.

[0040] Specifically, the implementation method of providing a nickel layer 2 on the grinding wheel base body 1 is to place the grinding wheel base body 1 in an electroplating bath with nickel plates, use the metallic grinding wheel base body 1 as the cathode, use the nickel plates as the anode, control the current density and electroplating time in the electroplating, and electroplate a nickel layer 2 on the grinding wheel base body 1.

[0041] Preferably, the thickness of the nickel layer 2 is 50%-60% of the diameter of the abrasives.

[0042] Preferably, before electroplating the nickel layer 2, the grinding wheel base body 1 is subjected to chemical degreasing and electrochemical degreasing treatments to obtain a better electroplating effect.

[0043] Preferably, the implementation method of machining a plurality of abrasive through holes on the insulating tape 3 is to ablate the positions where the abrasives need to be arranged on the insulating tape 3 with a laser. According to requirements, the shape of the abrasive through holes can be any shape such as diamond, circular or square.

[0044] In this embodiment, the grinding wheel base body 1 is cylindrical, the nickel layer 2 is electroplated on the circumferential side surface of the grinding wheel base body 1, and the insulating tape 3 is fixed to the nickel layer 2 by pasting.

[0045] In order to further strengthen the connection strength between the abrasive grains and the grinding wheel base body 1, after fixing multiple abrasive grains respectively corresponding to multiple pits on the grinding wheel base body 1, the abrasive grains are further strengthened.

[0046] Among them, the method for strengthening the abrasive grains is to put the grinding wheel base body 1 with the fixed abrasive grains into an electroplating bath with a nickel plate, using the grinding wheel base body 1 as the cathode and the nickel plate as the anode, and continue electroplating and embedding to thicken and fix the abrasive grains.

[0047] Or, the method for strengthening the abrasive grains is to braze the grinding wheel base body 1 with the fixed abrasive grains to fix the abrasive grains.

[0048] A grinding wheel with orderly arranged abrasive grains is prepared by using a preparation method of a grinding wheel with orderly arranged abrasive grains, and includes a grinding wheel base body 1 and a nickel layer 2 fixedly connected to the grinding wheel base body 1. The thickness of the nickel layer 2 is 50%-60% of the diameter of the abrasive grains. There are multiple pits on the nickel layer 2, and the arrangement mode of the pits is adapted to the required arrangement mode of the abrasive grains. Each pit is fixedly connected with an abrasive grain, and the depth of the pit is 20%-30% of the height of the abrasive grain.

[0049] Preferably, a boss 4 is provided on the grinding wheel base body 1 to improve the rotational stiffness of the grinding wheel base.

[0050] The key point of the present invention lies in the production of the layout template 5 on the grinding wheel base body 1, that is, a transfer method of copying the known arrangement mode onto the grinding wheel base body 1. Different from the prior art methods that mostly use an external metal sheet or coat and deposit an insulating layer and then remove the insulating layer by laser or corrosion, the method of the present invention that uses electrochemical anodic multi-point dissolution of the nickel layer 2 to form multiple pits can directly prepare a layout template 5 with high precision and good quality on the grinding wheel base body 1. By controlling the thickness of the nickel layer 2 during the first pre-plating and the depth of the dissolution of the nickel layer 2 during the second time, the embedding depth of the abrasive grains can be increased, and the abrasive grain holding force of the grinding wheel can be improved.

[0051] The method of electrochemical dissolution does not limit problems such as the shape and size of the hole positions that need to be considered in machining. Only need to stick the insulating tape 3 with through holes for abrasive grains ablated by laser on the nickel layer 2 on the grinding wheel base body 1. Compared with coating and depositing an insulating layer, the subsequent cleaning is more convenient and fast. Subsequently, directly tear off the insulating tape 3, which does not damage the surface quality and morphology of the grinding wheel base body 1. It is applicable to both end-face orderly arranged grinding wheels and circumferential orderly arranged grinding wheel preparations. Moreover, the pits formed after dissolution can ensure that the abrasive grains already have a certain embedding depth before further electroplating or brazing, which can further improve the holding force of the abrasive grains.

[0052] The above embodiments are the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be equivalent replacement methods and are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of an abrasive wheel with ordered arrangement of abrasives, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: setting a nickel layer on the grinding wheel base; processing a plurality of abrasive through-holes adapted to the required abrasive arrangement pattern on the insulating tape; Fixing the insulating tape with a plurality of abrasive through-holes on the nickel layer on the grinding wheel base, and the thickness of the nickel layer is 50%-60% of the abrasive diameter; Putting the grinding wheel base with the fixed insulating tape into an electroplating bath, and using the method of electrochemical anodic dissolution to dissolve a plurality of pits on the nickel layer of the grinding wheel base, the plurality of pits correspond to the plurality of abrasive through-holes of the insulating tape one by one, and the depth of the pits is 20%-30% of the abrasive height; Removing the insulating tape on the nickel layer, fixing a plurality of abrasives respectively in the plurality of pits on the grinding wheel base with a binder. After fixing the plurality of abrasives respectively in the plurality of pits on the grinding wheel base, the abrasives are also strengthened. The grinding wheel base with the fixed abrasives is put into an electroplating bath with a nickel plate. Taking the grinding wheel base as the cathode and the nickel plate as the anode, continue electroplating and embedding to thicken and fix the abrasives to obtain the required grinding wheel with ordered abrasive arrangement.

2. The preparation method of an abrasive orderly arranged grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of setting a nickel layer on the grinding wheel base is to put the grinding wheel base into an electroplating bath with a nickel plate, taking the grinding wheel base as the cathode and the nickel plate as the anode, and electroplating a nickel layer on the grinding wheel base.

3. The preparation method of an abrasive orderly arranged grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before electroplating the nickel layer, the grinding wheel base is subjected to chemical degreasing and electrochemical degreasing treatment.

4. The preparation method of an abrasive orderly arranged grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of processing a plurality of abrasive through-holes on the insulating tape is to ablate the positions where the abrasives need to be arranged on the insulating tape with a laser.

5. An abrasive grain orderly arranged grinding wheel, characterized in that: Prepared by using the preparation method of a grinding wheel with ordered abrasive arrangement according to any one of claims 1-4.

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