Blade-adjustable unpowered hood and constructed flue gas waste heat recovery system

Abstract

The application discloses a wind blade adjustable non-powered air cap and a flue gas waste heat recovery system constructed by the same. The non-powered air cap comprises an air cap body, a lifting mechanism and a pressure sensor. The air cap body comprises a cap top, a bottom ring and a group of wind blades closely arranged between the cap top and the bottom ring. The pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the cap top. The upper end of the wind blade is located above the cap top, and the end slightly exceeds the outer edge of the cap top. The number of the lifting mechanism corresponds to the number of the wind blades, and the lifting mechanism is annularly distributed on the cap top and comprises a lifting plate. The two ends of the lifting plate are respectively provided with an electric push rod and a lifting shaft. The electric push rod is fixed to the inner wall of the cap top, and the lifting shaft is connected with the wind blade. The electric push rod and the pressure sensor are electrically connected with a control box. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the air cap is too large, the lifting mechanism works, the height of the wind blade is lifted, the opening of the wind blade is increased, and thus the exhaust capacity of the air cap is increased and the exhaust efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of public flue smoke exhaust equipment technology, specifically to an adjustable blade non-powered fan cap and a flue gas waste heat recovery system. Background Technology

[0002] With my country's rapid economic development, buildings are getting taller and taller. Modern residential buildings generally adopt a high-rise design and are equipped with shared ventilation ducts. Each household connects its range hood's exhaust pipe to this shared duct, through which cooking fumes are discharged outdoors. The exhaust process mainly relies on the mechanical propulsion of the range hood to raise the fumes. In low-rise and mid-rise buildings, the fumes encounter significant frictional resistance during exhaust, hindering effective ventilation. A non-powered ventilation hood utilizes natural wind speed to drive a turbine and promotes indoor and outdoor air convection. It accelerates and transforms any parallel airflow into a vertical upward flow, improving indoor ventilation. It offers advantages such as easy installation, no need for additional power supply, and long-term operation, and is widely used as a power source for shared ventilation ducts to guide cooking fumes outwards. However, residents cook at relatively similar times, and during peak cooking hours, they discharge cooking fumes into the shared flue. During this period, a significant amount of fumes accumulates in the shared flue. Currently, the blades of non-powered ventilation caps are fixed, resulting in a fixed exhaust volume (at a constant wind speed) and direction. This makes them ineffective at handling large volumes of fumes, impacting exhaust efficiency. Furthermore, non-powered ventilation caps also need to perform ventilation and rain protection functions when not venting. Simply increasing the blade opening would allow rainwater and external dirt to fall more easily into the flue. In addition, the fumes discharged from non-powered ventilation caps contain a large amount of waste heat; direct emission would result in energy waste. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an adjustable-blade, non-powered wind cap to overcome the aforementioned problems in the prior art. In this adjustable-blade, non-powered wind cap, the wind blades are connected to the cap top via a lifting mechanism, and a pressure sensor is installed inside the wind cap. When the pressure sensor detects excessive pressure inside the wind cap, it determines that the exhaust volume in the common flue is large. The lifting mechanism then operates, increasing the wind blade opening by raising the wind blade height, thereby increasing the exhaust volume and improving exhaust efficiency. Furthermore, this application also provides a flue gas waste heat recovery system constructed using the adjustable-blade, non-powered wind cap and a thermoelectric generator. This system absorbs and converts waste heat from the flue gas into electrical energy, avoiding energy waste. Moreover, the system can increase the exhaust volume by adjusting the wind cap's wind blade opening to enhance convective heat transfer, allowing the thermoelectric generator to better absorb waste heat from the flue gas and achieve flue gas recovery and utilization.

[0004] For non-powered windproof caps, the technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0005] An adjustable, non-powered windproof cap includes a cap body and a base. The cap body includes a cap top, a bottom ring, and a set of blades closely arranged between the cap top and the bottom ring. The base includes a fixedly connected variable-angle neck and a waterproof base. The cap body has a screw and an upper support inside. The base has a lower support inside. The upper end of the screw is rotatably connected to the cap top, and the lower end passes through the middle of the upper support and is fixedly connected to the lower support. It also includes a lifting mechanism and a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is located on the inner wall of the cap top. The upper end of each blade is located above the cap top, and its tip slightly extends beyond the outer edge of the cap top. The number of lifting mechanisms corresponds to the number of blades and is arranged in a ring on the cap top. Each lifting mechanism includes a lifting plate. The lifting plate has an electric push rod and a lifting shaft at both ends. The electric push rod is fixed to the inner wall of the cap top. The lifting shaft is connected to the blades. The electric push rod and the pressure sensor are electrically connected to a control box. The control box is located on the outer wall of the cap top.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the adjustable-blade non-powered windproof hood of this application has a windproof blade connected to the top of the hood via a lifting mechanism, and a pressure sensor is installed inside the hood. The pressure sensor detects the pressure inside the hood and sends the data to the control box. When the detected pressure value is greater than a set value, it is determined that the smoke exhaust volume in the common flue is large. The control box then controls the lifting mechanism to work. The electric push rod pushes one end of the lifting plate downward, causing the other end of the lifting plate to tilt upward, driving the lifting shaft to move upward, thereby raising the height of the windproof blade, increasing the opening of the windproof blade, increasing the smoke exhaust volume of the hood, and improving the smoke exhaust efficiency. In addition, the upper end of the windproof blade is located above the top of the hood, and the end slightly exceeds the outer edge of the top of the hood. When the windproof blade is lifted, the upper end of the windproof blade will contact the top of the hood, thus ensuring that there is no gap between the windproof blade and the top of the hood after it is fully lifted, preventing rainwater and external dirt from falling in.

[0007] As an optimization, in the aforementioned adjustable-blade, non-powered wind cap, the angle between the lifting shaft and the lifting plate is 100°–145°. Therefore, when the lifting mechanism is working, the lifting shaft tilts upwards, and the angle between the lifting shaft and the vertical plane is 10°–45°. When the lifting plate is subjected to downward pressure, the lifting shaft can better lift the wind blades and increase the blade opening. Furthermore, the lifting plate is teardrop-shaped, with its large end connected to the electric push rod and its small end connected to the lifting shaft. Therefore, when the electric push rod pushes the lifting plate downwards, it can more easily drive the lifting shaft upwards.

[0008] As an optimization, in the aforementioned adjustable-blade non-powered wind cap, the upper ends of each blade are connected to the two adjacent blades via lifting shafts on both sides. This ensures a more uniform increase in the opening of each blade, allowing the flue gas to be discharged evenly from the inside of the wind cap. Furthermore, the lifting shaft is cylindrical and has internal threads; the lifting shaft is fixed to the blades by bolts.

[0009] As an optimization, in the aforementioned adjustable blade non-powered wind cap, the lower ends of each blade are connected to the two adjacent blades by rivets, which are fixed to the bottom ring. This results in a simple structure and convenient assembly.

[0010] As an optimization, in the aforementioned adjustable blade non-powered wind cap, the upper bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom ring by rivets; the lower bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the variable angle tube neck by rivets. This makes assembly easier and ensures a high degree of connection strength.

[0011] As an optimization, in the aforementioned adjustable-blade, non-powered wind cap, the control box includes a controller and a power module; the power module supplies power to the controller, electric actuator, and pressure sensor. When the non-powered wind cap is used alone, a small solar battery can be installed on the top of the cap and electrically connected to the power module. The small solar battery converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it, providing power to the controller, electric actuator, and pressure sensor, thereby reducing the use of mains power and saving energy.

[0012] For the system, the technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0013] The flue gas waste heat recovery system includes a non-powered wind cap located at the outlet of a common flue, and a group of thermoelectric generators distributed circumferentially around the non-powered wind cap; the non-powered wind cap is the aforementioned adjustable-blade non-powered wind cap of this application; the hot end of the thermoelectric generator is arranged opposite to the blades of the non-powered wind cap, and the output end is connected to a battery.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the flue gas waste heat recovery system of this application absorbs and converts the waste heat of flue gas in the public flue into electrical energy, which is stored in a battery to power small devices in the floor design (such as various measuring devices, control valves, control switches, sensors, etc.), thus avoiding energy waste. Furthermore, the thermoelectric generators are arranged circumferentially for efficient recovery of flue gas waste heat. During operation, the system can increase the exhaust volume and change the flue gas outflow direction by adjusting the opening of the fan blades, allowing the flue gas to better impact the hot end of the thermoelectric generator, enhancing the generator's efficiency in acquiring flue gas waste heat and improving its utilization rate. In addition, the fan cap is a metal structure, and the exposed top layer experiences high temperatures. It transfers its own heat to the flue gas through convection heat transfer during rotation. When the fan blades open wider, the airflow increases, further enhancing convection heat transfer and facilitating better transfer of the fan cap's own heat to the flue gas.

[0015] As an optimization, in the aforementioned flue gas waste heat recovery system, the control box is connected to the battery via a conductive slip ring. This allows the control box to be powered directly by the heat recovered from the battery, eliminating the need for a separate power supply, simplifying the structure and making installation more convenient.

[0016] As an optimization, in the aforementioned flue gas waste heat recovery system, an ultraviolet lamp is installed on the inner wall of the outlet of the common flue, and the ultraviolet lamp is electrically connected to a storage battery. The ultraviolet lamp can disinfect and purify the flue gas in the common flue, making the discharged flue gas more environmentally friendly. The flue gas that is not absorbed by the thermoelectric generator will not pollute the environment after being discharged into the atmosphere. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable blade non-powered wind cap of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hood body in this application;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the base in this application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the fan blades and the cap in this application;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of the assembly of the wind turbine blades and the cap in this application;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the thermoelectric generator in this application;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flue gas waste heat recovery system in this application;

[0024] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The flue gas flow direction diagram of the flue gas waste heat recovery system.

[0025] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1-Wind cap body, 11-Cap top, 12-Bottom ring, 13-Wind blade; 2-Base, 21-Variable angle tube neck, 22-Waterproof base; 3-Screw; 4-Upper bracket; 5-Lower bracket; 6-Lifting mechanism, 61-Lifting plate, 62-Electric push rod, 63-Lifting shaft; 7-Pressure sensor; 8-Control box; 9-Thermoelectric generator, 901-Hot end, 902-Cold end, 903-Output end; 10-Battery. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0027] Example (see) Figures 1-5 ):

[0028] The adjustable blade non-powered windproof hood in this embodiment includes a hood body 1 and a base 2. The hood body 1 includes a hood top 11, a bottom ring 12, and a set of blades 13 closely arranged between the hood top 11 and the bottom ring 12. The hood top 11 and the blades 13 are both arc-shaped (effectively preventing rainwater from accumulating on the surface of the hood body 1). The base 2 includes a fixedly connected variable-angle neck 21 and a waterproof base 22. The hood body 1 has a screw 3 and an upper bracket 4 inside. The base 2 has a lower bracket 5 inside. The upper end of the screw 3 is rotatably connected to the hood top 11, and the lower end passes through the middle of the upper bracket 4 and is fixedly connected to the lower bracket 5. It also includes a lifting mechanism 6 and a pressure sensor 7. The pressure sensor 7 is located on the inner wall of the hood top 11. The upper end of blade 13 is located above the cap top 11, and its end slightly extends beyond the outer edge of the cap top 11; the number of lifting mechanisms 6 corresponds to the number of fan blades 13, and they are arranged in a ring on the cap top 11, including a lifting plate 61; the two ends of the lifting plate 61 are respectively provided with an electric push rod 62 and a lifting shaft 63; the electric push rod 62 is fixed to the inner wall of the cap top 11; the lifting shaft 63 is connected to the fan blades 13; the electric push rod 62 and the pressure sensor 7 are electrically connected to the control box 8; the control box 8 is located on the outer wall of the cap top 11, and the angle between the lifting shaft 63 and the lifting plate 61 is 120° (at this time, the lifting shaft 63 forms a 20° angle with the vertical plane, and when the lifting plate 61 is subjected to downward pressure, the lifting shaft 62 tilts upward). In use, the pressure sensor 7 detects the pressure inside the hood and sends it to the control box 8. When the detected pressure value is greater than the set value (set according to factors such as floor height), it is determined that the smoke exhaust volume in the public flue is large. Then, the control box 8 controls the electric push rod 62 to work, pushing one end of the lifting plate 61 downward, causing the other end of the lifting plate 61 to tilt upward, driving the lifting shaft 62 to tilt upward, raising the height of the fan blade 13 (the lower end of the fan blade 13 is fixed, so the tilting upward movement of the lifting shaft 62 will push the upper end of the fan blade 13 outward, and the upper end of the fan blade 13 will contact the top of the hood 11. At this time, the height of the fan blade 13 is raised), so as to increase the opening of the fan blade 13 and increase the smoke exhaust volume of the hood.

[0029] In this embodiment, the lifting plate 61 is teardrop-shaped, with its large end connected to the electric push rod 62 and its small end connected to the lifting shaft 63. Therefore, when the electric push rod 62 pushes the lifting plate 61 downwards, it can more easily drive the lifting shaft 63 upwards.

[0030] In this embodiment, the upper sides of each fan blade 13 are connected to two adjacent fan blades 13 via lifting shafts 63. This ensures a relatively uniform increase in the opening of each fan blade 13, allowing the flue gas to be evenly discharged from the inside of the fan cap. Furthermore, the lifting shaft 63 is cylindrical and has internal threads; the lifting shaft 63 is bolted to the fan blades 13. The lower sides of each fan blade 13 are connected to two adjacent fan blades 13 via rivets, which are fixed to the bottom ring 12. This design results in a simple structure and convenient assembly.

[0031] In this embodiment, the upper bracket 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom ring 12 by rivets; the lower bracket 5 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the variable angle tube neck 21 by rivets. This design facilitates assembly and ensures a high degree of connection strength.

[0032] As a specific application of the adjustable blade non-powered wind cap in this embodiment:

[0033] See Figures 6 to 8 The flue gas waste heat recovery system includes a non-powered vent cap located at the outlet of the common flue and a group of thermoelectric generators 9 spaced circumferentially around the non-powered vent cap. The non-powered vent cap is the aforementioned adjustable-blade non-powered vent cap of this application. The thermoelectric generator 9 is rectangular, with one end near the non-powered vent cap being the hot end 901, the other end away from the non-powered vent cap being the cold end 902, and the lower part being the output end 903. The hot end 901 of the thermoelectric generator 9 is positioned opposite to the fan blades 13 of the non-powered vent cap, and the output end 903 is electrically connected to a storage battery 10. The thermoelectric generator 9 absorbs the waste heat of the flue gas in the common flue and converts it into electrical energy. The electrical energy is input to the storage battery 10 through the output end 903, and the storage battery 10 then powers small devices (such as various measuring devices, control valves, control switches, sensors, etc.) in the floor design, avoiding energy waste and reducing the use of mains electricity.

[0034] As a specific embodiment of the aforementioned flue gas waste heat recovery system: the control box 8 includes a controller and a power module; the power module is electrically connected to the controller, electric push rod 62, and pressure sensor, and is connected to the battery 10 via a conductive slip ring. Thus, the electrical energy generated by the thermoelectric generator 9 absorbing the waste heat from the flue gas can directly power the controller, electric push rod 62, and pressure sensor 7, eliminating the need for separate power supplies, simplifying the installation structure, and helping to control costs. Furthermore, an ultraviolet lamp is installed on the inner wall of the outlet of the common flue, and the ultraviolet lamp is electrically connected to the battery 10. The ultraviolet lamp can disinfect and purify the flue gas in the common flue, making the discharged flue gas more environmentally friendly; the flue gas not absorbed by the thermoelectric generator 9 will not pollute the environment after being discharged into the atmosphere.

[0035] The foregoing general description of the invention and its specific embodiments should not be construed as a limitation on the technical solution of the invention. Those skilled in the art, based on the disclosure of this application, can add, reduce, or combine the disclosed technical features in the foregoing general description and / or specific embodiments (including examples) without departing from the constituent elements of the invention, to form other technical solutions within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A flue gas heat recovery system, characterized by: The application relates to a passive chimney cap and a set of thermoelectric generators (9) which are arranged around the passive chimney cap; the hot end (901) of the thermoelectric generator (9) is arranged opposite to the wind blade (13) of the passive chimney cap, and the output end (903) is connected with a storage battery (10); the passive chimney cap is a wind blade-adjustable passive chimney cap which comprises a chimney cap body (1) and a base (2); the chimney cap body (1) comprises a cap top (11), a bottom ring (12) and a set of wind blades (13) which are closely arranged between the cap top (11) and the bottom ring (12); the base (2) comprises a fixedly-connected variable-angle pipe neck (21) and a waterproof base (22); the inside of the chimney cap body (1) is provided with a screw rod (3) and an upper support (4); the inside of the base (2) is provided with a lower support (5), the upper end of the screw rod (3) is rotationally connected with the cap top (11), the lower end of the screw rod (3) penetrates through the middle part of the upper support (4) and is fixedly connected with the lower support (5); the application further comprises a lifting mechanism (6) and a pressure sensor (7); the pressure sensor (7) is arranged on the inner wall of the cap top (11); the upper end of the wind blade (13) is located above the cap top (11) and slightly exceeds the outer edge of the cap top (11); the number of the lifting mechanisms (6) corresponds to the number of the wind blades (13) and the lifting mechanisms (6) are annularly arranged on the cap top (11) and comprise a lifting plate (61); the two ends of the lifting plate (61) are respectively provided with an electric push rod (62) and a lifting shaft (63); the electric push rod (62) is fixed on the inner wall of the cap top (11); the lifting shaft (63) is connected with the wind blade (13); the electric push rod (62) and the pressure sensor (7) are electrically connected with a control box (8); the control box (8) is arranged on the outer wall of the cap top (11); during use, the electric push rod (62) is controlled to work by the control box (8), one end of the lifting plate (61) is pushed to move downwards, the other end of the lifting plate (61) is lifted, the lifting shaft (62) is driven to tilt and move upwards, the height of the wind blade (13) is lifted, the opening degree of the wind blade (13) is increased, the smoke exhaust capacity of the chimney cap is increased, and the utilization rate of the waste heat of flue gas is improved.

2. The flue gas heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: The angle between the lifting shaft (63) and the lifting plate (61) is 100-145 degrees.

3. The flue gas heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: The lifting plate (61) is in the shape of a water drop, the large end of the lifting plate (61) is connected with the electric push rod (62), and the small end of the lifting plate (61) is connected with the lifting shaft (63).

4. The flue gas heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: The two sides of the upper end of each wind blade (13) are respectively connected with two adjacent wind blades (13) through the lifting shaft (63).

5. The flue gas heat recovery system of claim 4, wherein: The two sides of the lower end of each wind blade (13) are respectively connected with two adjacent wind blades (13) through rivets, and the rivets are fixed on the bottom ring (12).

6. The flue gas heat recovery system of claim 4, wherein: The lifting shaft (63) is in the shape of a cylinder and is internally provided with internal threads; the lifting shaft (63) is fixedly connected with the wind blade (13) through a bolt.

7. The flue gas heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: The control box comprises a controller and a power module, and the power module is electrically connected with a small solar storage battery.

8. The flue gas heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: The control box (8) is connected with the storage battery (10) through a conductive slip ring.

9. The flue gas heat recovery system of claim 8, wherein: The outlet inner wall of the common flue is provided with an ultraviolet lamp, and the ultraviolet lamp is electrically connected with the storage battery (10).

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