Transmissions and special vehicles

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a transmission and a special vehicle, belonging to the field of vehicle engineering transmission technology. The transmission includes a main input shaft, a hydraulic transmission assembly, a first planetary gear transmission assembly, a second planetary gear transmission assembly, a first transmission gear, a second transmission gear, a drive assembly, and a main output shaft. In the drive assembly, a first clutch engages or disengages the first transmission gear from the main input shaft, a second clutch engages or disengages the gear shaft from the hydraulic output shaft, a third clutch engages or disengages the second transmission gear from the gear shaft, a first brake brakes the first planetary carrier, and a second brake brakes the second ring gear. Using this disclosure, the different needs of special vehicles under various operating conditions can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of vehicle engineering transmission technology, and in particular to a transmission and a special vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Nowadays, for special vehicles, the transmission can be either a mechanical transmission or a hydraulic transmission. Special vehicles face more complex working conditions. For example, when working uphill, the transmission needs to provide greater torque, and on flat roads, the transmission needs to have a larger gear ratio, and so on.

[0003] Hydraulic transmissions easily achieve continuously variable transmissions (CVTs) and offer advantages such as convenient layout, high power density, and output torque and speed unaffected by input speed. However, their transmission efficiency is relatively low, especially in high-speed and low-speed applications. Mechanical transmissions, on the other hand, offer advantages such as accurate and reliable motion transmission, constant instantaneous gear ratio, compact structure, the ability to achieve large gear ratios, high power transmission, and high efficiency. However, they struggle to achieve CVTs and have multiple gears, making operation more difficult. Therefore, neither a single hydraulic nor mechanical transmission can meet the diverse needs of special vehicles under various operating conditions.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a transmission to meet the different needs of special vehicles under various working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure provides a transmission and a special vehicle, which can solve the technical problems existing in the related art. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a transmission, the transmission including a main input shaft, a hydraulic transmission assembly, a first planetary gear transmission assembly, a second planetary gear transmission assembly, a first transmission gear, a second transmission gear, a drive assembly, and a main output shaft;

[0007] The hydraulic transmission assembly includes a hydraulic input shaft, a hydraulic output shaft, and a hydraulic transmission mechanism;

[0008] The first planetary gear transmission assembly includes a first sun gear, a first planetary gear set, a first planet carrier, and a first ring gear. The first sun gear is connected to the main input shaft, and the first ring gear is connected to the hydraulic input shaft.

[0009] The second planetary gear transmission assembly includes a gear shaft, a second sun gear, a second planetary gear set, a second planetary carrier, a second ring gear, and a second ring gear. The gear shaft is engaged with the hydraulic output shaft, the second sun gear is connected to the gear shaft, and the second ring gear is connected to the second ring gear and meshes with the first transmission gear.

[0010] The first transmission gear engages with the main input shaft and meshes with the second gear ring gear;

[0011] The second transmission gear engages with the gear shaft and meshes with the first planetary carrier;

[0012] The drive assembly includes a first clutch, a second clutch, a third clutch, a first brake, and a second brake. The first clutch is used to engage or disengage the first transmission gear from the main input shaft. The second clutch is used to engage or disengage the gear shaft from the hydraulic output shaft. The third clutch is used to engage or disengage the second transmission gear from the gear shaft. The first brake is used to brake the first planetary carrier, and the second brake is used to brake the second gear ring.

[0013] The main output shaft is connected to the second planetary carrier.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the hydraulic transmission mechanism includes a variable pump and a variable motor, the variable pump being drivenly connected to the hydraulic input shaft, and the variable motor being drivenly connected to the hydraulic output shaft, wherein the outlet of the variable pump, the inlet of the variable motor, the outlet of the variable motor, and the inlet of the variable pump are sequentially connected.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the hydraulic input shaft and the hydraulic output shaft are located on the same side of the hydraulic transmission mechanism, the main input shaft is located on the side of the hydraulic input shaft away from the hydraulic transmission mechanism, and the main output shaft is located on the side of the hydraulic output shaft away from the hydraulic transmission mechanism.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the hydraulic input shaft is arranged coaxially with the main input shaft, and the main output shaft, the gear shaft, and the hydraulic output shaft are arranged coaxially.

[0017] In one possible implementation, both the first transmission gear and the second gear ring gear are helical gears.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the second gear ring and the second gear ring gear are integrally formed.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the first clutch, the second clutch, and the third clutch are all dog clutches.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the transmission further includes a control unit connected to the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch, the first brake, and the second brake, respectively.

[0021] When the control unit is in the first working state, the first clutch is in the disengaged state, the second clutch is in the engaged state, the third clutch is in the disengaged state, and both the first brake and the second brake are in the braking state.

[0022] When the control unit is in the second operating state, the first clutch is engaged, the second clutch is disengaged, the third clutch is engaged, the first brake is braking, and the second brake is non-braking.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the transmission further includes a control unit connected to the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch, the first brake, and the second brake, respectively.

[0024] When the control unit is in the third operating state, the first clutch is engaged, the second clutch is engaged, the third clutch is disengaged, the first brake is braking, and the second brake is non-braking.

[0025] When the control unit is in the fourth operating state, the first clutch is in the disengaged state, the second clutch is in the engaged state, the third clutch is in the engaged state, the first brake is in the non-braking state, and the second brake is in the braking state.

[0026] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a special vehicle, which includes the transmission described in the first aspect and its possible implementations.

[0027] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0028] This disclosure provides a transmission in which, in the drive assembly, a first clutch engages or disengages a first transmission gear from the main input shaft, a second clutch engages or disengages a gear shaft from the hydraulic output shaft, a third clutch engages or disengages a second transmission gear from the gear shaft, a first brake brakes a first planetary carrier, and a second brake brakes a second ring gear. Thus, by controlling the state of each component in the drive assembly, the transmission mode can be changed, thereby meeting the different needs of special vehicles under various operating conditions.

[0029] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the power transmission of a transmission in pure hydraulic transmission mode according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of power transmission in a purely mechanical transmission mode, as shown in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of power transmission in a torque-converging transmission mode of a transmission according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of power transmission in a speed-division torque-converging transmission mode, as shown in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0037] Legend

[0038] 1. Main input axis;

[0039] 2. Hydraulic transmission components;

[0040] 21. Hydraulic input shaft; 22. Hydraulic output shaft; 23. Hydraulic transmission mechanism;

[0041] 231. Variable displacement pump; 232. Variable displacement motor;

[0042] 3. First planetary gear transmission assembly;

[0043] 31. First sun gear; 32. First planetary gear set; 33. First planet carrier; 34. First gear ring;

[0044] 331. The first permanent magnet;

[0045] 4. Second planetary gear transmission assembly;

[0046] 41. Gear shaft; 42. Second sun gear; 43. Second planetary gear set; 44. Second planetary carrier; 45. Second ring gear; 46. Second ring gear;

[0047] 451. Second permanent magnet;

[0048] 5. First transmission gear;

[0049] 6. Second transmission gear;

[0050] 7. Driver components;

[0051] 71. First clutch; 72. Second clutch; 73. Third clutch; 74. First brake; 75. Second brake;

[0052] 8. Main output shaft;

[0053] 9. Control unit. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” and similar terms used in this patent disclosure and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an” or “a” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “comprising” or “including” and similar terms mean that the elements or objects preceding “comprising” or “including” encompass the elements or objects listed following “comprising” or “including” and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms “connected” or “linked” and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described objects changes.

[0056] This disclosure provides a transmission for use in special vehicles, such as... Figure 1As shown, the transmission includes a main input shaft 1, a hydraulic transmission assembly 2, a first planetary gear transmission assembly 3, a second planetary gear transmission assembly 4, a first transmission gear 5, a second transmission gear 6, a drive assembly 7, and a main output shaft 8. Using the transmission provided in the disclosed embodiment, technicians can adjust the transmission to different operating states according to actual working conditions when driving special vehicles, thereby meeting the different needs of special vehicles under various working conditions.

[0057] The following is a detailed introduction to each component of the transmission:

[0058] I. Main Input Axis 1

[0059] The main input shaft 1 is the power source component of the transmission.

[0060] In practice, the main input shaft 1 can be connected to the engine's camshaft.

[0061] The connection between the main input shaft 1 and the engine camshaft can be via a coupling or by welding. This embodiment does not limit the connection method between the main input shaft 1 and the engine camshaft.

[0062] In one example, the main input shaft 1 is arranged coaxially with the hydraulic input shaft 21.

[0063] Optionally, the coaxiality tolerance between the main input shaft 1 and the hydraulic input shaft 21 can be [0, 0.2 mm].

[0064] This improves the transmission efficiency between the main input shaft 1 and the hydraulic input shaft 21, and reduces vibration.

[0065] II. Hydraulic transmission assembly 2

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown, the hydraulic transmission assembly 2 includes a hydraulic input shaft 21, a hydraulic output shaft 22, and a hydraulic transmission mechanism 23.

[0067] Among them, the hydraulic input shaft 21 is the power source component of the hydraulic transmission assembly 2, and the hydraulic output shaft 22 is the power output component of the hydraulic transmission assembly 2.

[0068] In one example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic transmission mechanism 23 includes a variable pump 231 and a variable motor 232. The outlet of the variable pump 231, the inlet of the variable motor 232, the outlet of the variable motor 232, and the inlet of the variable pump 231 are sequentially connected. The variable pump 231 is driven by the hydraulic input shaft 21, and the variable motor 232 is driven by the hydraulic output shaft 22.

[0069] The rotation of the hydraulic input shaft 21 drives the impeller in the variable pump 231 to rotate, and the variable pump 231 is in working condition. Driven by the variable pump 231, the hydraulic oil flows from the outlet of the variable pump 231 to the inlet of the variable motor 232. In the variable motor 232, the mechanical energy of the hydraulic oil is converted into the mechanical energy of the hydraulic output shaft 22. That is, in the variable motor 232, the hydraulic oil drives the hydraulic output shaft 22 to rotate. Then, the hydraulic oil flows back from the outlet of the variable motor 232 to the inlet of the variable pump 231, completing the cycle.

[0070] In practice, the speed and output torque of the hydraulic output shaft 22 are adjustable. Technicians can adjust the speed and output torque of the hydraulic output shaft 22 according to actual needs. The speed and output torque of the hydraulic output shaft 22 are independent of the speed of the hydraulic input shaft 21.

[0071] III. First Planetary Gear Transmission Assembly 3

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, the first planetary gear transmission assembly 3 includes a first sun gear 31, a first planetary gear set 32, a first planet carrier 33, and a first gear ring 34.

[0073] The first sun gear 31, the first planetary gear set 32, the first planetary carrier 33 and the first gear ring 34 mesh with each other. The outer ring of the first gear ring 34 has an outer gear ring, which meshes with the second transmission gear 6.

[0074] In practice, the first sun gear 31 is connected to the main input shaft 1, and the first gear ring 34 is connected to the hydraulic input shaft 21. When the main input shaft 1 rotates, it drives the first sun gear 31 to rotate. Since the first sun gear 31 meshes with the first planetary gear set 32, the multiple planetary gears in the first planetary gear set 32 ​​revolve around the first sun gear 31 while rotating on their own axis, thus driving the first planetary carrier 33 to rotate.

[0075] In one example, the first planet carrier 33 and the first gear ring 34 are both coaxially arranged with the first sun gear 31.

[0076] This reduces the vibration amplitude of the first planetary gear transmission assembly 3 during operation.

[0077] In one example, the first planetary gear set 32 ​​includes four planetary gears.

[0078] In practice, the angle between the perpendicular lines from the geometric centers of two adjacent planetary gears to the axis of the main input shaft 1 can be 90°.

[0079] This improves the meshing stability between the first sun gear 31, the first planetary gear set 32, the first planetary carrier 33, and the first gear ring 34.

[0080] IV. Second Planetary Gear Transmission Assembly 4

[0081] like Figure 1 As shown, the second planetary gear transmission assembly 4 includes a gear shaft 41, a second sun gear 42, a second planetary gear set 43, a second planetary carrier 44, a second ring gear 45, and a second ring gear 46.

[0082] Among them, the second sun gear 42, the second planetary gear set 43, the second planetary carrier 44, and the second ring gear 45 mesh with each other, the gear shaft 41 is engaged with the hydraulic output shaft 22, the second sun gear 42 is connected to the gear shaft 41, the second ring gear 46 is connected to the second ring gear 45, and meshes with the first transmission gear 5.

[0083] In practice, the hydraulic output shaft 22 can be used as the power source for the gear shaft 41, and the first planetary carrier 33 can also be used as the power source for the gear shaft 41. When the gear shaft 41 rotates, it drives the second sun gear 42 to rotate. Since the second sun gear 42, the second planetary gear set 43, the second planetary carrier 44, and the second ring gear 45 are meshed, multiple planetary gears in the second planetary gear set 43 revolve around the second sun gear 42 while rotating on their own axis, thus driving the second planetary carrier 44 to rotate.

[0084] In one example, the second sun gear 42, the second planetary gear set 43, the second planetary carrier 44, and the second ring gear 45 are arranged coaxially.

[0085] This reduces the vibration amplitude of the second planetary gear transmission assembly 4 during operation.

[0086] In one example, the second planetary gear set 43 includes four planetary gears.

[0087] In practice, the angle between the perpendicular lines from the geometric center of two adjacent planetary gears to the axis of gear shaft 41 can be 90°.

[0088] This improves the meshing stability between the second sun gear 42, the second planetary gear set 43, the second planetary carrier 44, and the second ring gear 45.

[0089] In one example, the second gear ring 45 and the second gear ring gear 46 can be integrally formed parts.

[0090] This can improve the connection strength between the second gear ring 45 and the second gear ring gear 46.

[0091] In practice, the second gear ring 45 and the second gear ring 46 can be manufactured by casting or by cutting. This embodiment does not limit the manufacturing method of the second gear ring 45 and the second gear ring 46.

[0092] V. First transmission gear 5 and second transmission gear 6

[0093] The first transmission gear 5 and the second transmission gear 6 are both components in the transmission used to transmit power between the first planetary gear transmission assembly 3 and the second planetary gear transmission assembly 4.

[0094] First transmission gear 5

[0095] like Figure 1 As shown, the first transmission gear 5 is engaged with the main input shaft 1.

[0096] For example, the first transmission gear 5 can be sleeved around the outer ring of the main input shaft 1 and arranged coaxially with the main input shaft 1.

[0097] In implementation, the first clutch 71 is used to engage or disengage the first transmission gear 5 and the main input shaft 1. When the first clutch 71 is engaged, the first transmission gear 5 is fixedly connected to the main input shaft 1, and the first transmission gear 5 rotates with the main input shaft 1. During the rotation of the main input shaft 1, there is no relative rotation between the first transmission gear 5 and the main input shaft 1. When the first clutch 71 is disengaged, the first transmission gear 5 is loosely fitted on the outer ring of the main input shaft 1, and the first transmission gear 5 does not rotate during the rotation of the main input shaft 1.

[0098] In one example, the first transmission gear 5 meshes with the second ring gear 46, and the transmission ratio between the first transmission gear 5 and the second ring gear 46 is 1:3.

[0099] In this way, when power is transmitted between the first planetary gear transmission assembly 3 and the second planetary gear transmission assembly 4 through the first transmission gear 5 and the second ring gear 46, the rotational speed of the main output shaft 8 can be increased.

[0100] Second transmission gear 6

[0101] like Figure 1 As shown, the second transmission gear 6 is engaged with the gear shaft 41.

[0102] For example, the second transmission gear 6 may be sleeved around the outer ring of the gear shaft 41 and arranged coaxially with the main input shaft 1.

[0103] In implementation, the third clutch 73 is used to engage or disengage the second transmission gear 6 from the gear shaft 41. When the third clutch 73 is engaged, the second transmission gear 6 is fixedly connected to the gear shaft 41, and the second transmission gear 6 rotates with the gear shaft 41. During the rotation of the gear shaft 41, there is no relative rotation between the second transmission gear 6 and the gear shaft 41. When the third clutch 73 is disengaged, the second transmission gear 6 is loosely fitted on the outer ring of the gear shaft 41, and the second transmission gear 6 does not rotate during the rotation of the gear shaft 41.

[0104] In one example, the second transmission gear 6 meshes with the outer gear ring of the first planetary carrier 33, and the transmission ratio between the second transmission gear 6 and the outer gear ring of the first planetary carrier 33 is 1:3.

[0105] In this way, when power is transmitted between the first planetary gear transmission assembly 3 and the second planetary gear transmission assembly 4 through the external gear ring of the first planetary carrier 33 and the second transmission gear 6, the rotational speed of the main output shaft 8 can be reduced and the torque of the main output shaft 8 can be increased.

[0106] Optionally, both the first transmission gear 5 and the second gear ring gear 46 are helical gears.

[0107] This improves the meshing degree of the first transmission gear 5 and the second gear ring gear 46, and reduces noise.

[0108] In one example, both the second transmission gear 6 and the external gear ring of the first planetary carrier 33 are helical gears.

[0109] This improves the meshing degree between the second transmission gear 6 and the first planetary carrier 33, reducing noise.

[0110] VI. Driver Components 7

[0111] Drive assembly 7 is a component used to control the coordination between multiple parts in the transmission.

[0112] like Figure 1 As shown, the drive assembly 7 includes a first clutch 71, a second clutch 72, a third clutch 73, a first brake 74, and a second brake 75. Wherein:

[0113] The first clutch 71 is used to engage or disengage the first transmission gear 5 from the main input shaft 1.

[0114] In practice, when the first clutch 71 is engaged, the first transmission gear 5 is fixedly connected to the main input shaft 1, and the first transmission gear 5 rotates with the main input shaft 1. During the rotation of the main input shaft 1, there is no relative rotation between the first transmission gear 5 and the main input shaft 1. When the first clutch 71 is disengaged, the first transmission gear 5 is loosely fitted on the outer ring of the main input shaft 1, and does not rotate during the rotation of the main input shaft 1.

[0115] The second clutch 72 is used to engage or disengage the gear shaft 41 from the hydraulic output shaft 22.

[0116] In practice, when the second clutch 72 is engaged, the gear shaft 41 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic output shaft 22, and the gear shaft 41 rotates with the hydraulic output shaft 22. During the rotation of the hydraulic output shaft 22, there is no relative rotation between the gear shaft 41 and the hydraulic output shaft 22. When the second clutch 72 is disengaged, the gear shaft 41 is not connected to the hydraulic output shaft 22, and the gear shaft 41 does not rotate during the rotation of the hydraulic output shaft 22.

[0117] The third clutch 73 is used to engage or disengage the second transmission gear 6 from the gear shaft 41.

[0118] In implementation, the third clutch 73 is used to engage or disengage the second transmission gear 6 from the gear shaft 41. When the third clutch 73 is engaged, the second transmission gear 6 is fixedly connected to the gear shaft 41, and the second transmission gear 6 rotates with the gear shaft 41. During the rotation of the gear shaft 41, there is no relative rotation between the second transmission gear 6 and the gear shaft 41. When the third clutch 73 is disengaged, the second transmission gear 6 is loosely fitted on the outer ring of the gear shaft 41, and the second transmission gear 6 does not rotate during the rotation of the gear shaft 41.

[0119] In one example, the first clutch 71, the second clutch 72, and the third clutch 73 are all dog clutches.

[0120] This reduces the cost of driver component 7.

[0121] The first brake 74 is used to brake the first planetary carrier 33.

[0122] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first brake 74 can be an electromagnetic brake. The first planetary carrier 33 has a first permanent magnet 331.

[0123] In practice, when the first brake 74 is energized, it is in a braking state, and the rotational damping between the first brake 74 and the first permanent magnet on the first planetary carrier 33 increases, thus braking the first planetary carrier 33. When the first brake 74 is not energized, it is in a non-braking state, and there is no rotational damping between the first brake 74 and the first permanent magnet on the first planetary carrier 33, allowing the first planetary carrier 33 to rotate along with the first planetary gear set 32.

[0124] The second brake 75 is used to brake the second gear ring 45.

[0125] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the second brake 75 can be an electromagnetic brake. The second gear ring 45 has a second permanent magnet 451.

[0126] In practice, when the second brake 75 is energized, it is in a braking state, and the rotational damping between the second brake 75 and the second permanent magnet on the second gear ring 45 increases, thus braking the second gear ring 45. When the second brake 75 is not energized, it is in a non-braking state, and there is no rotational damping between the second brake 75 and the second permanent magnet on the second gear ring 45, allowing the second gear ring 45 to rotate following the second planetary gear set 43.

[0127] VII. Main Output Shaft 8

[0128] The main output shaft 8 is the power output component of the transmission.

[0129] like Figure 1 As shown, the main output shaft 8 is connected to the second planetary carrier 44.

[0130] In practice, the main output shaft 8 can be connected to the wheel drive of the special vehicle to transmit power to the special vehicle and drive it to move.

[0131] In one example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic input shaft 21 and the hydraulic output shaft 22 are located on the same side of the hydraulic transmission mechanism 23.

[0132] The main input shaft 1 is located on the side of the hydraulic input shaft 21 away from the hydraulic transmission mechanism 23, and the main output shaft 8 is located on the side of the hydraulic output shaft 22 away from the hydraulic transmission mechanism 23.

[0133] This allows for a more compact overall layout of the transmission, reducing its overall size.

[0134] In one example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the main output shaft 8, gear shaft 41 and hydraulic output shaft 22 are arranged coaxially.

[0135] This reduces the vibration amplitude of the main output shaft 8, gear shaft 41, and hydraulic output shaft 22 during rotation.

[0136] In one example, the transmission also includes a control unit 9, which has four operating states. When the control unit 9 is in one of these four operating states, the transmission corresponds to a pure hydraulic transmission mode, a pure mechanical transmission mode, a torque-speed conversion transmission mode, and a torque-speed conversion transmission mode, respectively. The four transmission modes are described below:

[0137] like Figure 3 As shown, control unit 9 is in the first working state, and the transmission is in pure hydraulic transmission mode.

[0138] At this time, the first clutch 71 is disengaged, the second clutch 72 is engaged, the third clutch 73 is disengaged, and the first brake 74 and the second brake 75 are both in braking state.

[0139] Table 1 – Schematic diagram of the status of each component in drive assembly 7 under pure hydraulic transmission mode

[0140] Executive agency 74 75 71 72 73 state + + - + -

[0141] In this context, "+" indicates that the clutch is engaged or the brake is applied; "-" indicates that the clutch is disengaged or the brake is applied.

[0142] In implementation, when the transmission is in pure hydraulic transmission mode, the first transmission gear 5 is loosely fitted on the outer ring of the main input shaft 1, the hydraulic output shaft 22 and the gear shaft 41 are fixedly connected, the second transmission gear 6 is loosely fitted on the outer ring of the gear shaft 41, and there is no power transmission between the first planetary gear transmission assembly 3 and the second planetary gear transmission assembly 4. Power is transmitted sequentially through the main input shaft 1, the first sun gear 31, the first planetary gear set 32, the first ring gear 34, the hydraulic input shaft 21, the hydraulic output shaft 22, the gear shaft 41, the second sun gear 42, the second planetary gear set 43, and the second planetary carrier 44 to the main output shaft 8. Furthermore, since the speed and output torque of the hydraulic output shaft 22 are independent of the speed of the hydraulic input shaft 21, technicians can adjust the speed and output torque of the hydraulic output shaft 22 according to actual needs, making it suitable for operating conditions that require flexible and frequent adjustment of output torque.

[0143] like Figure 4 As shown, control unit 9 is in the second operating state, and the transmission is in mechanical transmission mode.

[0144] At this time, the first clutch 71 is engaged, the second clutch 72 is disengaged, the third clutch 73 is engaged, the first brake 74 is braking, and the second brake 75 is non-braking.

[0145] Table 2 – Schematic diagram of the status of each component in drive assembly 7 under mechanical transmission mode

[0146] Executive agency 74 75 71 72 73 state + - + - +

[0147] In implementation, when the transmission is in pure mechanical transmission mode, the first transmission gear 5 engages with the main input shaft 1, the hydraulic output shaft 22 separates from the gear shaft 41, and the second transmission gear 6 is loosely fitted on the outer ring of the gear shaft 41. Power is transmitted between the first planetary gear transmission assembly 3 and the second planetary gear transmission assembly 4 through the first transmission gear 5 and the second ring gear 46. Power is transmitted sequentially through the main input shaft 1, the first transmission gear 5, the second ring gear 46, the second ring gear 45, the second planetary gear set 43, and the second planetary carrier 44 to the main output shaft 8. The transmission ratio between the main input shaft 1 and the main output shaft 8 is accurate and reliable, the instantaneous transmission ratio is constant, and the transmission efficiency is high, making it suitable for operating conditions requiring a precise transmission ratio.

[0148] like Figure 5 As shown, control unit 9 is in the third operating state, and the transmission is in torque-converging speed transmission mode.

[0149] At this time, the first clutch 71 is engaged, the second clutch 72 is engaged, the third clutch 73 is disengaged, the first brake 74 is braking, and the second brake 75 is non-braking.

[0150] Table 3 – Status Diagram of Each Component in Drive Assembly 7 under Torque Convergence Transmission Mode

[0151] Executive agency 74 75 71 72 73 state + - + + -

[0152] In implementation, when the transmission is in torque-dividing and speed-combining transmission mode, the first transmission gear 5 engages with the main input shaft 1, the hydraulic output shaft 22 engages with the gear shaft 41, and the second transmission gear 6 is loosely fitted on the outer ring of the gear shaft 41. Power is transmitted between the first planetary gear transmission assembly 3 and the second planetary gear transmission assembly 4 via the first transmission gear 5 and the second ring gear 46. The main input shaft 1 also transmits power to the main output shaft 8 via the hydraulic transmission assembly 2. There are two power paths between the main input shaft 1 and the main output shaft 8. In the first power path, power is transmitted sequentially via the main input shaft 1, the first transmission gear 5, the second ring gear 46, the second ring gear 45, the second planetary gear set 43, and the second planetary carrier 44 to the main output shaft 8. In the second power path, power is transmitted sequentially via the main input shaft 1, the first sun gear 31, the first planetary gear set 32, the first ring gear 34, the hydraulic input shaft 21, the hydraulic output shaft 22, the gear shaft 41, the second sun gear 42, the second planetary gear set 43, and the second planetary carrier 44 to the main output shaft 8. Part of the torque of the main input shaft 1 is used to drive the first transmission gear 5 to rotate, and part of the torque is used to drive the hydraulic input shaft to rotate. The transmission ratio between the second gear ring gear 46 and the first transmission gear 5 is greater than 1, which can comprehensively improve the speed of the main output shaft 8, making it suitable for working conditions that require a larger speed.

[0153] like Figure 6As shown, control unit 9 is in the fourth operating state, and the transmission is in the speed-dividing torque transmission mode.

[0154] At this time, the first clutch 71 is in the disengaged state, the second clutch 72 is in the engaged state, the third clutch 73 is in the engaged state, the first brake 74 is in the non-braking state, and the second brake 75 is in the braking state.

[0155] Table 4 – Status Diagram of Each Component in Drive Assembly 7 under Speed ​​Dividing and Torque Convergence Transmission Mode

[0156] Executive agency 74 75 71 72 73 state - + - + +

[0157] In implementation, when the transmission is in the speed-dividing torque-combining transmission mode, the first transmission gear 5 is loosely fitted on the outer ring of the main input shaft 1, the hydraulic output shaft 22 and the gear shaft 41 are engaged, the second transmission gear 6 is engaged with the gear shaft 41, and the first planetary gear transmission assembly 3 and the second planetary gear transmission assembly 4 transmit power between them through the first planet carrier 33 and the second transmission gear 6. The main input shaft 1 also transmits power to the main output shaft 8 through the hydraulic transmission assembly 2. There are two power paths between the main input shaft 1 and the main output shaft 8. In the third power path, power is transmitted sequentially to the main output shaft 8 via the main input shaft 1, the first sun gear 31, the first planetary gear set 32, the first planet carrier 33, the second transmission gear 6, the gear shaft 41, the second sun gear 42, the second planetary gear set 43, and the second planet carrier 44. In the fourth power path, power is transmitted sequentially via the main input shaft 1, the first sun gear 31, the first planetary gear set 32, the first ring gear 34, the hydraulic input shaft 21, the hydraulic output shaft 22, the gear shaft 41, the second sun gear 42, the second planetary gear set 43, and the second planetary carrier 44 to the main output shaft 8. The second ring gear 45 is braked, and all the torque from the main input shaft 1 and the hydraulic output shaft 22 is concentrated on the main output shaft 8, thereby comprehensively increasing the torque of the main output shaft 8, suitable for operating conditions requiring higher torque.

[0158] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0159] This disclosure provides a transmission in which, in the drive assembly 7, a first clutch 71 engages or disengages a first transmission gear 5 from the main input shaft 1, a second clutch 72 engages or disengages a gear shaft 41 from the hydraulic output shaft 22, a third clutch 73 engages or disengages a second transmission gear 6 from the gear shaft 41, a first brake 74 brakes a first planetary carrier 33, and a second brake 75 brakes a second ring gear 45. Thus, by controlling the state of each component in the drive assembly 7, the transmission mode of the transmission can be changed, thereby meeting the different needs of special vehicles under various operating conditions.

[0160] This disclosure also provides a special vehicle that includes the aforementioned transmission.

[0161] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this disclosure and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A transmission, characterized in that, The transmission is used in special vehicles. The transmission includes a main input shaft (1), a hydraulic transmission assembly (2), a first planetary gear transmission assembly (3), a second planetary gear transmission assembly (4), a first transmission gear (5), a second transmission gear (6), a drive assembly (7), and a main output shaft (8). The hydraulic transmission assembly (2) includes a hydraulic input shaft (21), a hydraulic output shaft (22), and a hydraulic transmission mechanism (23); The first planetary gear transmission assembly (3) includes a first sun gear (31), a first planetary gear set (32), a first planet carrier (33) and a first gear ring (34). The first sun gear (31) is connected to the main input shaft (1), and the first gear ring (34) is connected to the hydraulic input shaft (21). The second planetary gear transmission assembly (4) includes a gear shaft (41), a second sun gear (42), a second planetary gear set (43), a second planetary carrier (44), a second ring gear (45), and a second ring gear (46). The gear shaft (41) is engaged with the hydraulic output shaft (22), the second sun gear (42) is connected to the gear shaft (41), and the second ring gear (46) is connected to the second ring gear (45) and meshes with the first transmission gear (5). The first transmission gear (5) engages with the main input shaft (1) and meshes with the second gear ring gear (46); The second transmission gear (6) engages with the gear shaft (41) and meshes with the first planetary carrier (33); The drive assembly (7) includes a first clutch (71), a second clutch (72), a third clutch (73), a first brake (74), and a second brake (75). The first clutch (71) is used to engage or disengage the first transmission gear (5) from the main input shaft (1). The second clutch (72) is used to engage or disengage the gear shaft (41) from the hydraulic output shaft (22). The third clutch (73) is used to engage or disengage the second transmission gear (6) from the gear shaft (41). The first brake (74) is used to brake the first planetary carrier (33). The second brake (75) is used to brake the second gear ring (45). The main output shaft (8) is connected to the second planetary carrier (44).

2. The transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic transmission mechanism (23) includes a variable pump (231) and a variable motor (232). The variable pump (231) is drivenly connected to the hydraulic input shaft (21), and the variable motor (232) is drivenly connected to the hydraulic output shaft (22). The outlet of the variable pump (231), the inlet of the variable motor (232), the outlet of the variable motor (232), and the inlet of the variable pump (231) are sequentially connected.

3. The transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic input shaft (21) and the hydraulic output shaft (22) are located on the same side of the hydraulic transmission mechanism (23). The main input shaft (1) is located on the side of the hydraulic input shaft (21) away from the hydraulic transmission mechanism (23), and the main output shaft (8) is located on the side of the hydraulic output shaft (22) away from the hydraulic transmission mechanism (23).

4. The transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hydraulic input shaft (21) is arranged coaxially with the main input shaft (1), and the main output shaft (8), the gear shaft (41), and the hydraulic output shaft (22) are arranged coaxially.

5. The transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first transmission gear (5) and the second gear ring gear (46) are helical gears.

6. The transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second gear ring (45) and the second gear ring gear (46) are integrally formed.

7. The transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first clutch (71), the second clutch (72) and the third clutch (73) are all dog clutches.

8. The transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The transmission also includes a control unit (9), which is connected to the first clutch (71), the second clutch (72), the third clutch (73), the first brake (74), and the second brake (75), respectively. When the control unit (9) is in the first working state, the first clutch (71) is in the disengaged state, the second clutch (72) is in the engaged state, the third clutch (73) is in the disengaged state, and the first brake (74) and the second brake (75) are both in the braking state. When the control unit (9) is in the second working state, the first clutch (71) is in the engaged state, the second clutch (72) is in the disengaged state, the third clutch (73) is in the engaged state, the first brake (74) is in the braking state, and the second brake (75) is in the non-braking state.

9. The transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The transmission also includes a control unit (9), which is connected to the first clutch (71), the second clutch (72), the third clutch (73), the first brake (74), and the second brake (75), respectively. When the control unit (9) is in the third working state, the first clutch (71) is engaged, the second clutch (72) is engaged, the third clutch (73) is disengaged, the first brake (74) is braking, and the second brake (75) is non-braking. When the control unit (9) is in the fourth working state, the first clutch (71) is in the disengaged state, the second clutch (72) is in the engaged state, the third clutch (73) is in the engaged state, the first brake (74) is in the non-braking state, and the second brake (75) is in the braking state.

10. A special vehicle, characterized in that, The special vehicle includes the transmission as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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