An on-line microwave heating device for crude oil

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of crude oil transportation, and in particular relates to an on-line microwave heating device for crude oil, which includes a heating pipe. The heating pipe includes a metal outer pipe and a PTFE sleeve, and the PTFE sleeve is arranged on the inner wall of the metal outer pipe. Feed pipes and discharge pipes are respectively arranged at both pipe ends of the heating pipe. Four strip-shaped protrusions are fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the heating pipe, and a plurality of waveguides are inserted at the ends of each strip-shaped protrusion. The present invention uses the principle of microwave thermal radiation to only heat the water-containing crude oil. Since the metal does not heat the metal pipeline due to the principle of microwave reflection by the metal, on-line continuous and uniform heating can be realized, and the heat dissipated during the operation of the microwave magnetron is recycled. This can not only ensure that the microwave magnetron works at a suitable temperature, but also improve the heating efficiency of the crude oil. At the same time, cumulative alarm reminders can be made based on the microwave heating time, achieving the effect of timely cleaning the impurities accumulated inside the heating pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crude oil transportation, and in particular relates to an on-line microwave heating device for crude oil. Background Art

[0002] The crude oil lifted from the formation to the ground by an oilfield pumping unit is a mixture of oil, gas and water and contains some impurities. It is transported through an oil pipeline to a station for dehydration and separation treatment to produce qualified crude oil for supply to downstream refining units. During the transportation process, heating and pressurization are required according to the production process requirements to prevent the crude oil from solidifying in the oil pipeline.

[0003] Most of the existing heating methods use gas-fired water jacket heating furnaces to heat the crude oil in the pipeline by heating the heat transfer medium water or heat-conducting oil. This method has large heat loss, uneven heating, and low thermal efficiency. At the same time, the tail gas of the gas-fired heating furnace fails to meet the emission standards, causing environmental pollution. There is also a method of heating crude oil by microwave, that is, using a microwave power supply to make a magnetron generate microwave power, which is transmitted to a heater through a waveguide, and a microwave electromagnetic field is radiated into the interior of the heated medium. After the crude oil absorbs the microwave power, the movement of its own water molecules is disturbed and hindered in the high-frequency electromagnetic field, generating a friction-like effect, and then the temperature rises. This kind of heating has high efficiency and is uniform. However, in microwave heating, heat is transferred through the pipeline, resulting in large heat loss, wasted heat energy, and a special heat dissipation structure needs to be added to the magnetron to maintain the stable operation of the magnetron, with high cost and insufficient utilization of heat energy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the invention is to solve the above problems and provide an on-line microwave heating device for crude oil.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical solutions: An on-line microwave heating device for crude oil includes a heating pipe. The heating pipe comprises a metal outer pipe and a PTFE sleeve, and the PTFE sleeve is arranged on the inner wall of the metal outer pipe. Feed pipes and discharge pipes are respectively arranged at both ends of the heating pipe. Four strip-shaped protrusions are fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the heating pipe, and a plurality of waveguides are inserted at the ends of each strip-shaped protrusion. A set of hoods corresponding to the positions of the plurality of waveguides on the same side are arranged on the outer side wall of each strip-shaped protrusion, and magnetrons are arranged inside each hood. The wave-emitting ends of each magnetron are connected to the waveguides on the same side. A square metal bar is arranged at the center of the interior of the feed pipe, and the square metal bar, the feed pipe and the plurality of hoods are jointly connected with an air suction and heat conduction mechanism. A gas storage and triggering mechanism cooperating with the air suction and heat conduction mechanism is arranged on the heating pipe. A flushing component is jointly arranged on the feed pipe and the discharge pipe;

[0006] The air suction and heat conduction mechanism includes a plurality of air guide plates. The end faces of each air guide plate are hollow. Between every two adjacent machine covers, they are connected and communicated through an air guide plate. The inside of the square metal strip is hollow. Between each air guide plate in the same group and the square metal strip, a connecting pipe is fixedly provided. An air pump is installed on the outer wall of the heating pipe, and an air suction pipe is communicated between the suction end of the air pump and the square metal strip. The air outlet end of the air pump is fixed with an air delivery pipe. A plurality of heat dissipation holes are opened on the end faces of each machine cover.

[0007] Preferably, the air storage and triggering mechanism includes an air storage box fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the discharge pipe. The air storage box is communicated with the air delivery pipe. A glass sleeve is fixedly arranged inside the air storage box, and a piston is slidably arranged inside the glass sleeve. A pressure switch is arranged at the position inside the air storage box and on the inner side of the glass sleeve, and an alarm connected to the pressure switch is arranged on one side of the end face of the air storage box. An elastic support component is arranged inside the air storage box, and the air storage box is connected to the end face of the piston through the elastic support component.

[0008] Preferably, the flushing component includes a flushing liquid inlet pipe fixedly inserted into the pipe wall of the feed pipe. A sewage discharge pipe is fixedly inserted into the pipe wall of the discharge pipe, and manual control valves are arranged inside both the flushing liquid inlet pipe and the sewage discharge pipe. The inner diameter of the heating pipe is larger than the inner diameters of the feed pipe and the discharge pipe. Sealing valves are arranged inside both the feed pipe and the discharge pipe.

[0009] Preferably, an exhaust pipe is fixedly inserted between the side wall of the air storage box and the discharge pipe, and an exhaust valve is arranged inside the exhaust pipe. An electric heating plate is fixedly arranged inside the air storage box. A tail pipe is fixedly inserted into the pipe wall of the feed pipe, and a sealing cover is arranged at the pipe end of the tail pipe.

[0010] Preferably, metal step rings are fixedly arranged at the opposite ends of the feed pipe and the discharge pipe, and the outer side walls of the two metal step rings are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heating pipe. A group of support rods are fixedly arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the heating pipe, and circular metal baffles are fixedly arranged at the rod ends of the two support rods in the same group. The diameter of the circular metal baffle is larger than the inner diameter of the metal step ring.

[0011] Preferably, a pressure pipe is fixedly inserted on one side of the end face of the air storage box, and a pressure valve is arranged inside the pressure pipe.

[0012] Preferably, arc-shaped protrusions are arranged at the positions of each waveguide on the inner wall of the metal outer tube, and through holes are opened on the side walls of each arc-shaped protrusion.

[0013] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of an on-line microwave heating device for crude oil are as follows:

[0014] 1. Through the mutual cooperation of the arranged heating pipe, feed pipe, discharge pipe, strip protrusion, waveguide, hood and magnetron, the microwave thermal radiation principle can be used to only heat the water-containing crude oil. Since metal does not heat the metal pipeline due to the microwave reflection principle, this method can achieve online continuous and uniform heating. Moreover, the heating pipe composed of a metal outer pipe and a PTFE sleeve has the effects of metal reflecting electromagnetic waves and heat preservation, reducing heat loss and improving the heating effect on crude oil.

[0015] 2. Through the mutual cooperation of the arranged square metal strip and the air suction and heat conduction mechanism, on the one hand, it can dissipate heat and cool down each magnetron, and on the other hand, it can conduct the heat generated inside the magnetron into the square metal strip and use the heat to assist in heating the crude oil inside the heating pipe, reducing heat energy waste and improving the heating effect on crude oil at the same time.

[0016] 3. Through the mutual cooperation of the arranged metal adjusting ring, support rod and circular metal baffle, most of the impurities (such as sand and gravel) in the crude oil passing through the heating pipe can be intercepted by the steps. And through the arranged gas storage and trigger mechanism, it can accumulate based on the microwave heating time and automatically trigger a cleaning alarm after reaching a certain time to remind the personnel to clean the impurities accumulated inside the heating pipe in time.

[0017] 4. Through the mutual cooperation of the arranged tail gas pipe, exhaust valve, electric heating plate and tail gas pipe, the gas storage box and air pump can be used to pre-heat and soften the dirt inside the heating pipe before flushing and dry the remaining water liquid inside the heating pipe after flushing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an online microwave heating device for crude oil provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic internal structural diagram of the heating pipe and feed pipe of an online microwave heating device for crude oil provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic side cross-sectional structural diagram of an online microwave heating device for crude oil provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the gas storage and trigger mechanism of an online microwave heating device for crude oil provided by the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1 heating pipe, 101 metal outer pipe, 102 PTFE sleeve, 2 feed pipe, 3 discharge pipe, 4 strip-shaped protrusion, 5 waveguide, 6 hood, 7 magnetron, 8 square block, 9 trigger groove, 10 first-level switch, 11 second-level switch, 12 third-level switch, 13 consistency trigger mechanism, 131 ring, 132 torsion spring, 133 consistency rod, 134 trigger rod, 135 arc-shaped touch plate, 14 controller, 15 square metal strip, 16 air suction and heat conduction mechanism, 161 air guide plate, 162 connecting pipe, 163 air pump, 164 air suction pipe, 165 air delivery pipe, 17 air storage trigger mechanism, 171 air storage box, 172 air guide pipe, 173 glass sleeve, 174 piston, 175 pressure switch, 176 alarm, 177 elastic support component, 178 pressure pipe, 19 flushing component, 191 flushing liquid inlet pipe, 192 sewage discharge pipe, 193 sealing valve, 20 exhaust pipe, 21 electric heating plate, 22 tail gas pipe, 23 metal step ring, 24 circular metal baffle, 25 flexible film, 26 arc-shaped protrusion, 27 support rod. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] The following embodiments are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0024] As Figures 1-4 shown, an on-line microwave heating device for crude oil includes a heating pipe 1. The heating pipe 1 includes a metal outer pipe 101 and a PTFE sleeve 102, and the PTFE sleeve 102 is arranged on the inner wall of the metal outer pipe 101. Feed pipes 2 and a discharge pipe 3 are respectively arranged at both pipe ends of the heating pipe 1. Four strip-shaped protrusions 4 are fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the heating pipe 1, and a plurality of waveguides 5 are inserted at the ends of each strip-shaped protrusion 4. A set of hoods 6 corresponding to the positions of the plurality of waveguides 5 on the same side are arranged on the outer side wall of each strip-shaped protrusion 4, and a magnetron 7 is arranged inside each hood 6. Arc-shaped protrusions 26 are arranged at the positions of each waveguide 5 on the inner wall of the metal outer pipe 101, and through holes are formed on the side walls of each arc-shaped protrusion 26. The arc-shaped protrusions 26 are made of metal materials. Through the arc-shaped outward convex design, the influence between adjacent magnetrons 7 can be minimized.

[0025] The radiation ends of each magnetron 7 are connected to the waveguides 5 on the same side. A square metal strip 15 is arranged at the center of the inner part of the feed pipe 2, and an air suction and heat conduction mechanism 16 is jointly connected by the square metal strip 15, the feed pipe 2 and a plurality of hoods 6. An air storage trigger mechanism 17 is arranged on the heating pipe 1 and is matched with the air suction and heat conduction mechanism 16. A flushing component 19 is jointly arranged on the feed pipe 2 and the discharge pipe 3. The material of the square metal strip 15 is a metal material with good heat conduction performance (such as aluminum alloy);

[0026] The air suction and heat conduction mechanism 16 includes a plurality of air guide plates 161. The end faces of each air guide plate 161 are hollow. Each adjacent pair of machine covers 6 are connected and communicated through an air guide plate 161. The inside of the square metal strip 15 is hollow. A connecting pipe 162 is fixedly arranged between one of the air guide plates 161 in the same group and the square metal strip 15. An air pump 163 is installed on the outer pipe wall of the heating pipe 1. An air suction pipe 164 is connected and communicated between the suction end of the air pump 163 and the square metal strip 15. An air delivery pipe 165 is fixed at the air outlet end of the air pump 163. A plurality of heat dissipation holes are formed in the end faces of each machine cover 6. The aperture of each heat dissipation hole is set within the range of 1 mm to 2 mm, which can ensure smooth air intake while reducing the entry of external dust. The working efficiency of the air pump 163 needs to meet the simultaneous air intake requirements of all the machine covers 6 to ensure the heat dissipation and cooling requirements of each magnetron 7.

[0027] The air storage and trigger mechanism 17 includes an air storage box 171 fixedly arranged on the outer pipe wall of the discharge pipe 3. The air storage box 171 is connected and communicated with the air delivery pipe 165. A glass sleeve 173 is fixedly arranged inside the air storage box 171, and a piston 174 is slidably arranged inside the glass sleeve 173. A pressure switch 175 is arranged inside the air storage box 171 at a position inside the glass sleeve 173. An alarm 176 connected to the pressure switch 175 is arranged on one side of the end face of the air storage box 171. An elastic support component 177 is arranged inside the air storage box 171, and the air storage box 171 is connected to the end face of the piston 174 through the elastic support component 177. The elastic support component 177 consists of a spring and a support plate member. The spring can move the piston 174 downward to reset after the air inside the air storage box 171 is discharged subsequently. The elastic support component 177 composed of the spring and the support plate member is a mature existing technology, so no more details are described. The pressure switch 175 is a pressure type switch. When its moving contact is under the action of an external extrusion force, it will close. At this time, the connection circuit between the alarm 176 and the power supply is closed, so that the alarm 176 can carry out alarm work. After the external extrusion force disappears, the moving contact of the pressure switch 175 will rebound and reset under the action of its own elastic element. The alarm 176 alarms by sounding (such as a buzzer), and can also be equipped with a wireless communication remote alarm module. This is a mature existing technology, so no more details are described.

[0028] A pressure pipe 178 is fixedly inserted on one side of the end face of the air storage box 171, and a pressure valve is arranged inside the pressure pipe 178. After the alarm 176 works, if the personnel do not handle it in time, the excess air entering the air storage box 171 at this time will open the pressure valve on the pressure pipe 178 to prevent the air pressure inside the air storage box 171 from being too high.

[0029] The flushing component 19 includes a flushing liquid inlet pipe 191 fixedly inserted into the pipe wall of the feed pipe 2, and a sewage discharge pipe 192 is fixedly inserted into the pipe wall of the discharge pipe 3. Manual control valves are provided inside both the flushing liquid inlet pipe 191 and the sewage discharge pipe 192. The inner diameter of the heating pipe 1 is set to be larger than the inner diameters of the feed pipe 2 and the discharge pipe 3. Sealing valves 193 are provided inside both the feed pipe 2 and the discharge pipe 3. Through the design that the inner diameter of the heating pipe 1 is larger than the inner diameters of the feed pipe 2 and the discharge pipe 3, a large amount of impurities can accumulate on the inner bottom side of the heating pipe 1, reducing the outflow of impurities. At the same time, when the crude oil enters, due to the larger diameter of the heating pipe 1 compared to the oil pipeline, the accommodation space for the crude oil can be increased, thereby having a certain effect of slowing down the flow rate of the crude oil, which is beneficial to the full microwave heating of the crude oil.

[0030] A exhaust pipe 20 is fixedly inserted between the side wall of the gas storage box 171 and the discharge pipe 3, and an exhaust valve is provided inside the exhaust pipe 20. An electric heating plate 21 is fixedly provided inside the gas storage box 171. A tail gas pipe 22 is fixedly inserted into the pipe wall of the feed pipe 2, and a sealing cover is provided at the pipe end of the tail gas pipe 22. Before flushing and cleaning impurities, since there may be solidified oil stains inside the heating pipe 1, at this time, the gas storage box 171 and the air pump 163 can be used to pre-heat and soften the dirt inside the heating pipe 1 before flushing, so as to facilitate the subsequent flushing liquid to flush out the solidified oil stains together, improving the cleaning effect. Moreover, after flushing, the residual water liquid inside the heating pipe 1 can be air-dried. The heating temperature of the electric heating plate 21 is set not to be lower than 100 °C.

[0031] Metal step rings 23 are fixed at both ends of the feed pipe 2 and the discharge pipe 3 facing each other, and the outer side walls of the two metal step rings 23 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heating pipe 1. A group of support rods 27 are fixed on both sides of the inner wall of the heating pipe 1, and the ends of the two support rods 27 in the same group are jointly fixed with a circular metal baffle 24. The diameter of the circular metal baffle 24 is set to be larger than the inner diameter of the metal step ring 23. On the one hand, the metal step ring 23 can intercept impurities as much as possible. On the other hand, in cooperation with the circular metal baffle 24, the microwaves reflected to both ends of the heating pipe 1 can be reflected, minimizing the transmission of microwaves, improving the utilization effect of microwaves, and reducing electromagnetic interference to the outside.

[0032] Now, the operation principle of the present invention is described as follows: The heating pipe 1 is installed on the crude oil pipeline, and multiple magnetrons 7 are started. When the crude oil is transported, the crude oil enters the inside of the heating pipe 1 through the feed pipe 2. The magnetrons 7 generate microwaves and introduce them into the inside of the heating pipe 1 through the waveguide 5 on the same side. At this time, the microwaves pass through the crude oil, and using the water liquid contained in the crude oil, the temperature of the crude oil can be increased. In cooperation with the PTFE sleeve 102, the crude oil can be insulated, reducing the heat loss caused by the heat conduction of the metal outer pipe 101. The heated crude oil is discharged into the oil pipeline through the discharge pipe 3;

[0033] While each magnetron 7 is operating, the air pump 163 will also start synchronously. The air pump 163, in cooperation with the suction pipe 164, the connecting pipe 162, and the air guide plate 161, can absorb the hot air generated during the operation of the magnetrons 7 inside each hood 6 and inhale the cold air from the outside through the heat dissipation holes, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling and reducing the temperature of the magnetrons 7. After the absorbed hot air enters the square metal strip 15, it will exchange heat with the crude oil being transported with water, achieving the purpose of preheating the crude oil. Thus, the heat generated during the operation of the magnetrons 7 can be utilized to assist in raising the temperature of the crude oil, reducing heat energy waste, and the air pump 163 can transport the air that has exchanged heat with the crude oil through the air delivery pipe 165 to be stored inside the air storage box 171;

[0034] As the gas inside the air storage box 171 increases and the air pressure rises, it will gradually push the piston 174 upward until it touches the pressure switch 175. At this time, the alarm 176 switch will perform the alarm prompt work. When people see the alarm 176 working, they can know that the amount of highly viscous crude oil transported inside the heating pipe 1 is relatively large, and there may be more impurities and dirt accumulated inside the heating pipe 1. At this time, it is necessary to find an appropriate time to stop the oil transportation, or adopt the method of redundant pipelines to switch the pipeline for oil transportation. Then, close the two sealing valves 193, first open the exhaust valve on the exhaust pipe 20 and the sealing cover on the tail gas pipe 22, and start the electric heating plate 21 (the heating temperature of the electric heating plate 21 is not lower than 100 °C). At this time, in cooperation with the operation of the air pump 163, hot air can be transported into the heating pipe 1 to pre-soften and dissolve the impurities and dirt with the hot air. After 10 minutes of ventilation, close the exhaust valve on the exhaust pipe 20 and the sealing cover on the tail gas pipe 22, and introduce the flushing liquid into the heating pipe 1 through the flushing liquid inlet pipe 191. Under the flushing action of the flushing liquid, the pollutants can be discharged through the sewage discharge pipe 192. After the impurities are flushed and cleaned, the exhaust valve on the exhaust pipe 20 and the sealing cover on the tail gas pipe 22 can be opened again. At this time, in cooperation with the operation of the air pump 163, flowing air can be transported into the heating pipe 1, and the hot air can be used to air-dry and remove the water remaining in the heating pipe 1.

[0035] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crude oil online microwave heating device, comprising a heating tube (1), characterized in that: The heating tube (1) comprises a metal outer tube (101) and a PTFE sleeve (102), and the PTFE sleeve (102) is arranged on the inner wall of the metal outer tube (101). The two ends of the heating tube (1) are respectively provided with a feed pipe (2) and a discharge pipe (3). The outer wall of the heating tube (1) is fixedly provided with four strip-shaped protrusions (4), and the end of each strip-shaped protrusion (4) is plugged with a plurality of waveguides (5). The outer wall of each strip-shaped protrusion (4) is provided with a group of machine covers (6) corresponding to the positions of the plurality of waveguides (5) on the same side. , and each cover (6) is provided with a magnetron (7), and the wave-emitting end of each magnetron (7) is connected to the waveguide (5) on the same side. A square metal bar (15) is provided at the center of the inner part of the feeding pipe (2), and the square metal bar (15), the feeding pipe (2) and the plurality of covers (6) are connected to a suction heat conduction mechanism (16). The heating pipe (1) is provided with an air storage trigger mechanism (17) that cooperates with the suction heat conduction mechanism (16). The feeding pipe (2) and the discharge pipe (3) are provided with a flushing component (19); The air suction and heat conduction mechanism (16) includes a plurality of air guide plates (161), the end faces of each of the air guide plates (161) are hollow, and two adjacent hoods (6) are connected to each other through a common air guide plate (161). The interior of the square metal bar (15) is hollow, and a connecting pipe (162) is fixed between one of the air guide plates (161) in the same group and the square metal bar (15). An air pump (163) is installed on the outer tube wall of the heating tube (1), and an air intake pipe (164) is connected between the suction end of the air pump (163) and the square metal bar (15). An air delivery pipe (165) is fixed to the air outlet end of the air pump (163), and a plurality of heat dissipation holes are provided on the end face of each of the hoods (6).

2. The crude oil online microwave heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage trigger mechanism (17) comprises a gas storage box (171) fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the discharge pipe (3), the gas storage box (171) being connected to the gas delivery pipe (165), a glass sleeve (173) being fixedly arranged inside the gas storage box (171), and a piston (174) being slidably arranged inside the glass sleeve (173), a pressure switch (175) being arranged inside the gas storage box (171) and an alarm (176) connected to the pressure switch (175) being arranged on one side of the end face of the gas storage box (171), an elastic support assembly (177) being arranged inside the gas storage box (171), and the gas storage box (171) being connected to the end face of the piston (174) via the elastic support assembly (177).

3. The crude oil online microwave heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flushing assembly (19) comprises a flushing liquid inlet pipe (191) fixedly plugged into the wall of the feed pipe (2); a sewage discharge pipe (192) fixedly plugged into the wall of the discharge pipe (3); and manual valves are provided inside the flushing liquid inlet pipe (191) and the sewage discharge pipe (192); the inner diameter of the heating pipe (1) is larger than the inner diameters of the feed pipe (2) and the discharge pipe (3); and sealing valves (193) are provided inside the feed pipe (2) and the discharge pipe (3).

4. The crude oil online microwave heating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An exhaust pipe (20) is fixedly connected between the side wall of the gas storage box (171) and the discharge pipe (3), and an exhaust valve is provided inside the exhaust pipe (20). An electric heating plate (21) is fixedly provided inside the gas storage box (171). A tail gas pipe (22) is fixedly connected to the wall of the feed pipe (2), and a sealing cover is provided at the end of the tail gas pipe (22).

5. The crude oil online microwave heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed pipe (2) and the discharge pipe (3) are both fixed with metal step rings (23) at their facing ends, and the outer walls of the two metal step rings (23) are both fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heating pipe (1). A group of support rods (27) are fixed on both sides of the inner wall of the heating pipe (1), and the rod ends of the two support rods (27) in the same group are both fixed with a circular metal baffle (24), and the diameter of the circular metal baffle (24) is set to be larger than the inner diameter of the metal step ring (23).

6. The crude oil online microwave heating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pressure tube (178) is fixedly connected to one side of the end surface of the gas storage box (171), and a pressure valve is provided inside the pressure tube (178).

7. The crude oil online microwave heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the metal outer tube (101) is provided with arc-shaped protrusions (26) at the position of each waveguide (5), and the side wall of each arc-shaped protrusion (26) is provided with a through hole.

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