Application of organophosphorus pesticide monocrotophos in reducing toxin production of limguyao dinoflagellate
By combining Inofusan with Prorocentrum limmarum, the problem of toxin synthesis and environmental pollution caused by Prorocentrum limmarum is solved by utilizing Prorocentrum limmarum to phagocytose Inofusan, thus achieving the effects of reducing toxin synthesis and remediating pollution.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202310984555.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-08-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2043-08-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are insufficient to effectively reduce the okada acid toxin produced by Prorocentrum limmarum. Meanwhile, the organophosphorus pesticide Inofusan leaves serious residual pollution in the environment, affecting the ecology and human health.
The method involves mixing Inofusan with Prorocentrum limmarum, which then consumes Inofusan to reduce toxin synthesis and remediate polluted water bodies.
It significantly reduces the synthesis of prodinoxins from limnophyta, decreases diarrhetic shellfish poisoning events, remediates water bodies polluted by organophosphorus pesticides, and reduces the risk of environmental pollution.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the field of environmental technology, in particular to an application of organic phosphorus pesticide monocrotophos in reducing production of toxin by Prorocentrum lima. BACKGROUND
[0002] Harmful algal blooms occur frequently worldwide. Among the more than 5000 known phytoplankton, more than 300 can proliferate at high density, and about 100 of these phytoplankton can produce toxins, most of which are dinoflagellates. Some of these dinoflagellates are eaten by fish and shellfish, and the toxins contained in the dinoflagellates are ultimately ingested by humans through the food chain, resulting in poisoning caused by diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). DSP and okadaic acid (OA) and its derivatives, known as dinoflagellate toxins (DTX), can cause gastrointestinal diseases and are considered to be common toxins that cause mussel poisoning. Prorocentrum lima is a toxic benthic photosynthetic dinoflagellate that has been shown to produce okadaic acid toxin and its analogues and is a major producer of DSP toxins. The toxin OA is associated with human health problems, so most studies on OA have focused on mammals and their cell lines. OA can cause changes in the morphology and function of cells, including human embryonic amniotic cells, hepatocytes, and neuroblastoma cells, as well as cell death. Early studies have shown that OA can affect the embryonic development of fish and frogs and accumulate in oysters and mussels. The accumulation of DSP caused by the outbreak of harmful algal blooms can threaten human health, and seeking methods to reduce the synthesis of DSP has become a pressing problem.
[0003] In recent years, in order to reduce the occurrence of red tide, measures such as controlling eutrophication of sea areas, strengthening the construction of red tide monitoring, early warning, and forecasting capabilities, etc. are usually adopted. The methods for treating red tide can be divided into physical, chemical, and biological methods. The principles of these methods are mostly to control red tide by killing algae.
[0004] Meanwhile, pesticides, herbicides and other agricultural chemicals are widely used in agriculture, and more than 90% of the agricultural chemicals will eventually enter the soil and water, causing environmental pollution and endangering human health. Organochlorine pesticides have been banned due to their high toxicity, persistence, difficulty in degradation, and easy accumulation and amplification in the food chain. Instead, organophosphorus pesticides are widely used in agriculture due to their broad-spectrum insecticidal properties and low persistence. Monocrotophos is an organophosphorus pesticide with a wide insecticidal spectrum and low residue. For many years, the large-scale use of monocrotophos may have caused environmental pollution. Kizar et al. conducted a risk assessment of a symbiotic ecosystem using pesticides, and researchers have studied the residues of monocrotophos in water, soil and crops and found that monocrotophos exists in the Ebro River and the surface water of different branches of the Nile River basin in Egypt, with a concentration of 0.3-5.05 μg / L. Sprayed pesticides can drift through spraying, surface runoff and enter adjacent water areas or even the sea, causing biological hazards. SUMMARY
[0005] Therefore, the present application aims to solve the technical problem of providing an application of organophosphorus pesticide monocrotophos in reducing the toxin production of Prymnesium parvum, which can reduce the synthesis of Prymnesium parvum toxin OA and effectively degrade monocrotophos in water.
[0006] The present application provides an application of organophosphorus pesticide monocrotophos in reducing the toxin production of Prymnesium parvum.
[0007] Specifically, the present application provides an application of organophosphorus pesticide monocrotophos in reducing the toxin production of Prymnesium parvum.
[0008] The present application provides a method for reducing the toxin production of Prymnesium parvum, comprising the following steps:
[0009] Mixing monocrotophos with Prymnesium parvum.
[0010] Preferably, the concentration of monocrotophos is 100-1000 μg / L.
[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the concentration of monocrotophos is 100 μg / L or 1000 μg / L.
[0012] The present application finds that adding rice wealth disperses in prorocentrum lima can significantly reduce the synthesis of prorocentrum lima toxin OA, and when prorocentrum lima proliferates in large quantities in the outbreak of harmful algal blooms, by spraying a lower concentration of rice wealth disperses in the corresponding seawater area, the synthesis of prorocentrum lima toxin OA can be reduced, which will lead to the reduction of toxin accumulation in marine products, thereby reducing the occurrence of gastrointestinal diseases caused by diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). At the same time, the solubility of rice wealth disperses in water is low, and the degradation period in nature is short, after adding rice wealth disperses in the area where red tide occurs, most of the rice wealth disperses will be absorbed by prorocentrum lima, and the remaining low content of rice wealth disperses will also be degraded in a short time, and the pollution to the environment is low.
[0013] In addition, the present application finds that prorocentrum lima can phagocytize rice wealth disperses in seawater, reduce the influence of residual rice wealth disperses on the ecological environment, and can be applied to repair water bodies polluted by organophosphorus pesticides. Prorocentrum lima has a long cultivation period, and can be used as an object for repairing water bodies polluted by organophosphorus pesticides. By putting prorocentrum lima into water bodies where rice wealth disperses is used in large quantities, the content of rice wealth disperses in water can be rapidly reduced, the influence of high-concentration rice wealth disperses on the ecological environment can be effectively reduced, and red tide will not occur. However, other microalgae may cause water bloom and other phenomena to harm other animals and plants in the water body when they are applied to repair the polluted water body due to their rapid growth.
[0014] Based on this, the present application provides a method for reducing the residual amount of rice wealth disperses in water by using prorocentrum lima.
[0015] Specifically, prorocentrum lima and water containing rice wealth disperses are mixed.
[0016] The test results show that prorocentrum lima can effectively remove rice wealth disperses from seawater, and the results are as follows Figure 1 , the degradation rates of 100 μg / L and 1000 μg / L rice wealth disperses in seawater are 54.83% and 90.31% respectively after 48 hours.
[0017] The present application finds that prorocentrum lima can adapt to the presence of organophosphorus pesticide rice wealth disperses, and through physiological and biochemical index detection, it is found that rice wealth disperses does not affect the photosynthesis of prorocentrum lima, and can also reduce the oxidative stress of prorocentrum lima. LC-MS is used for quantitative detection of rice wealth disperses content, and it is found that the content of rice wealth disperses in the culture medium is reduced. With the help of proteomics analysis, it is found that the expression of 7 genes related to endocytosis is up-regulated, which indicates that prorocentrum lima phagocytizes rice wealth disperses by endocytosis. Combined with LC-MS and proteomics analysis, it is found that the synthesis of toxin OA of prorocentrum lima is reduced in the presence of rice wealth disperses, and genes related to toxins such as PKS and CYP450 are significantly down-regulated, which indicates that rice wealth disperses can reduce the synthesis of toxin OA of prorocentrum lima.
[0018] In this invention, Prorocentrum limmarum can be used to remediate the environment polluted by the organophosphorus pesticide Inofensan through phagocytosis; at the same time, during red tide outbreaks, Inofensan can also be used to reduce the synthesis of OA toxins in Prorocentrum limmarum.
[0019] Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides the application of the organophosphorus pesticide Inofengsan in reducing toxin production by Prorocentrum limmarum. In this invention, the organophosphorus pesticide Inofengsan can reduce the synthesis of OA toxins in Prorocentrum limmarum (a harmful algae, mainly producing toxins in Central China), thereby reducing the occurrence of diarrheal shellfish poisoning events following outbreaks of this harmful algae. Furthermore, Prorocentrum limmarum has a long growth cycle and can consume Inofengsan in the aquatic environment. Therefore, when applied to the remediation of water bodies contaminated with Inofengsan, it does not cause secondary damage to the water body, demonstrating significant application value in environmental protection and marine product safety. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a bar chart showing the content and degradation rate of rice flocculant in Example 1;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a bar chart showing the OA content in Prorocentrum limeris cells. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To further illustrate the present invention, the application of the organophosphorus pesticide Inofengsan provided by the present invention in reducing the toxin production of Prorocentrum limeris is described in detail below with reference to embodiments.
[0023] Example 1
[0024] Inofusan was added at concentrations of 100 μg / L to incubation media containing *Prorocentrum rimae* and those without, and the inofusan content in the media was quantitatively measured at 0, 48, and 96 hours. The inofusan content and degradation rate were as follows: Figure 1 As shown, by Figure 1 It can be seen that after 48 h of treatment, the degradation rates in the algae-free medium of the 100 μg / L and 1000 μg / L treatment groups were 37.07% and 55.37%, respectively, while the degradation rates in the algae-incubated medium were 54.83% and 90.31%, respectively. This result indicates that *Prorocentrum limmarense* can reduce the content of inosinin in seawater. After 96 h of treatment, the degradation rates in the algae-incubated medium of the 100 μg / L and 1000 μg / L treatment groups were 59.13% and 88.035%, respectively, and there was no further significant decrease compared to 48 h. In summary, the results indicate that *Prorocentrum limmarense* has a significant absorption effect on inosinin in seawater.
[0025] The changes in protein content of Protoporphyromonas limnae before and after treatment were analyzed using proteomics, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[0026] Table 1. Results of proteomic analysis
[0027]
[0028] The results of Table 1 show that the expression of some proteins related to endocytosis increased compared with the control group, indicating that L. polyphaga completed the absorption of R. glutinosa by increasing the expression of endocytosis-related proteins.
[0029] The content of OA in L. polyphaga was determined by LC-MS. Figure 2 The content of OA in L. polyphaga cells is shown. Compared with the control group, the content of OA in the two concentrations decreased by 35.08% and 60.82% respectively after 48h of treatment. After 96h of treatment, the 100μg / L treatment group was still significantly lower than the control group.
[0030] These results show that low-dose R. glutinosa can significantly reduce the synthesis of OA in L. polyphaga. During a large outbreak of red tide, the synthesis of L. polyphaga toxin can be reduced by adding R. glutinosa, reducing the accumulation of toxins in fish, shellfish and other marine products and reducing the occurrence of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning events.
[0031] The above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, the present application can be improved and modified in several ways, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. Application of organophosphorus pesticide Inofengsan in reducing toxin production by Prorocentrum limeris; The toxin is okadaic acid, and the concentration of the inofusan is 100~1000μg / L; The application involves mixing *Prorocentrum limeris* with water containing *Inofusan*.
2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of Daofengsan is 100 μg / L or 1000 μg / L.