Shaft suspended excavation apparatus and method of use

Abstract

The application discloses a shaft suspension excavating device and a use method thereof. The shaft suspension excavating device comprises a machine body, a control system arranged in the machine body, a plurality of telescopic legs arranged on the outer side of the machine body in a circumferential direction, a lower rotating mechanism arranged at the bottom of the machine body, a digging arm connected to a digging bucket through the lower rotating mechanism, and the telescopic legs, the lower rotating mechanism and the digging arm are all connected to the control system. The telescopic leg comprises a first telescopic pipe, the inner side end of the first telescopic pipe is hinged to the machine body, a second telescopic pipe is arranged in the first telescopic pipe, the outer side end of the second telescopic pipe extends out of the first telescopic pipe, a first oil cylinder is arranged on one side of the first telescopic pipe, the cylinder tail end of the first oil cylinder is hinged to the first telescopic pipe, the telescopic end of the first oil cylinder is hinged to the second telescopic pipe, and the first oil cylinder is connected to the control system. The shaft suspension excavating device has the advantages of reducing the danger of shaft excavation, reducing the labor intensity of workers, improving the efficiency, avoiding causing the occupational diseases of workers and reducing the labor cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of shaft equipment, and particularly relates to a shaft suspension excavation equipment and a use method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the construction process of pumped storage power station, the shaft (including inclined shaft and vertical shaft) is generally excavated on the mountain body with hard rock base. The excavation process is to first punch a guide hole (diameter of 1-2.5 meters) with equipment, then expand the guide hole (generally expanded to 6-9 meters in diameter) from top to bottom by section through blasting, and finally form the shaft. As shown in the figure, about 50 cubic meters of rock debris will be generated in the process of blasting, which is now cleaned by workers by holding a wooden stick or shovel by hand. The workers stand on the top of the guide hole to clean the rock debris, and the rock debris is transported out by a trolley. The track of the trolley is laid along with the process of blasting and expanding the shaft, so that the descending stroke of the trolley can be increased. Figure 8

[0003] The following problems are found in the construction process:

[0004] First, the guide hole wall is smooth, and the height from the hole bottom is hundreds of meters, which is very dangerous for workers during construction.

[0005] Second, manual cleaning of the rock debris not only brings great labor intensity to the workers, but also is low in efficiency. It still takes more than four hours to clean after each blasting with five workers.

[0006] Third, in the process of cleaning the rock debris, a large amount of stone powder is generated, which is easy to cause occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis when inhaled by workers.

[0007] Fourth, due to the high risk of cleaning the rock debris, high labor intensity and poor environment, only workers with high enough wages can be hired, and the labor cost is large.

[0008] In summary, the existing shaft excavation has the defects of high risk, great labor intensity of workers, low efficiency, easy to cause occupational diseases of workers and large labor cost. SUMMARY

[0009] The purpose of the present application is to provide a shaft suspension excavation equipment and a use method. The present application has the advantages of reducing the risk of shaft excavation, reducing the labor intensity of workers, improving the efficiency, avoiding causing occupational diseases of workers and reducing the labor cost.

[0010] The technical scheme of the present application is a shaft suspension excavation equipment, which comprises a machine body, a control system arranged in the machine body, a plurality of telescopic legs arranged circumferentially on the outer side of the machine body, a lower rotating mechanism arranged at the bottom of the machine body, a digging arm connected to the digging bucket through the lower rotating mechanism, and the telescopic legs, the lower rotating mechanism and the digging arm are all connected to the control system.​

[0011] In the aforementioned shaft suspended excavation equipment, the telescopic leg includes a first telescopic tube, the inner end of which is hinged to the machine body. A second telescopic tube is provided inside the first telescopic tube, the outer end of which extends out of the first telescopic tube. A first hydraulic cylinder is provided on one side of the first telescopic tube, the tail end of which is hinged to the first telescopic tube, the telescopic end of which is hinged to the second telescopic tube, and the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the control system.

[0012] In the aforementioned shaft suspension excavation equipment, a third telescopic tube is provided inside the second telescopic tube, the outer end of the third telescopic tube extends out of the second telescopic tube and is provided with a toothed plate, and a limiting plate is provided at the outer end of the third telescopic tube.

[0013] In the aforementioned shaft suspension excavation equipment, the third telescopic pipe is provided with two parallel toothed plates, and a support plate is provided between the two toothed plates.

[0014] In the aforementioned shaft suspension excavation equipment, a second hydraulic cylinder is provided on the inner side of the telescopic leg. The tail end of the body of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the machine body, and the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the first telescopic tube. The second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the control system.

[0015] In the aforementioned shaft suspended excavation equipment, the lower rotating mechanism includes a lower large gear located at the bottom of the machine body, the lower large gear is connected to the excavation arm, the lower large gear has a lower shaft hole, the lower shaft hole has a lower rotating shaft fixed to the machine body, the lower large gear is connected to the lower rotating shaft bearing, a lower small gear is provided on one side of the lower large gear, a lower motor with an output end connected to the lower small gear is provided in the machine body, and the lower motor is connected to the control system.

[0016] In the aforementioned shaft suspension excavation equipment, a hanger is provided above the machine body, an upper rotating mechanism is provided between the hanger and the machine body, and multiple outwardly extending rods are provided on the outer side of the hanger, with lifting holes at the outer ends of the rods.

[0017] In the aforementioned shaft suspension excavation equipment, the upper rotating mechanism includes an upper large gear located at the top of the machine body, the upper large gear being fixed to the hanger, an upper shaft hole being provided inside the upper large gear, an upper rotating shaft fixed to the machine body being provided inside the upper shaft hole, the upper large gear being connected to the upper rotating shaft bearing, an upper small gear being provided on one side of the upper large gear, an upper motor having its output end connected to the upper small gear being provided inside the machine body, and the upper motor being connected to the control system.

[0018] The method of using shaft-suspended excavation equipment is to suspend the excavation equipment under the trolley, and raise and lower it with the trolley. The excavation equipment is fixed in the shaft by telescopic legs, and the bucket is controlled by the excavation arm to clear out the broken stones.

[0019] In the aforementioned method of use, when the excavating equipment passes through the trolley from the outside of the shaft, the retractable legs are in their shortest state and rotate to the underside of the machine body.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application uses mechanical equipment to replace manual cleaning of the rubble, reduces the worker's stay in the shaft, and the worker can operate outside the shaft or on the trolley, thereby reducing the construction danger, avoiding causing the worker's occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis, and greatly reducing the labor intensity. The present application is matched with the trolley, is hung below the trolley, uses the excavator which can rotate in the circumference and move in the radius to clean the rubble, can greatly improve the cleaning efficiency, and takes the rubble of 50 cubic meters generated by one blasting as an example. Only one operator needs to spend one hour to complete the cleaning, the efficiency is high, and the labor cost is greatly reduced. Therefore, the present application has the advantages of reducing the shaft excavation danger, reducing the worker's labor intensity, improving the efficiency, avoiding causing the worker's occupational diseases, and reducing the labor cost.

[0021] In addition, by arranging the rotating mechanism between the hanger and the machine body, the machine body can be rotated to change the pointing direction of the telescopic leg, so that the excavating equipment can be fixed on the shaft wall at a suitable fixing point, and the friction between the tooth-shaped plate and the shaft can make the fixing of the excavating equipment more reliable, can provide better support for the excavating arm, can dig more rubble at a time, and further improves the cleaning efficiency. By arranging the oil cylinder on the telescopic leg, the telescopic leg can be turned over and folded below the machine body, so that the volume of the excavating equipment in the non-working state is reduced, and the excavating equipment is facilitated to enter and exit the trolley and storage. The telescopic leg has three telescopic pipes, and the telescopic range is large, so that the volume of the excavating equipment in the non-working state can be further reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 is a front view of the present application.

[0024] Figure 3 is a raw material diagram of the control system.

[0025] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the telescopic leg.

[0026] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the lower rotating mechanism.

[0027] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the upper rotating mechanism.

[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the present application in the minimum volume state.

[0029] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the present application when connected to the trolley.

[0030] The marks in the drawings are: 1-body, 2-telescopic legs, 3-lower rotating mechanism, 4-digging arm, 5-digging bucket, 6-hanging bracket, 7-upper rotating mechanism, 8-trolley; 20-first telescopic pipe, 21-second telescopic pipe, 22-first oil cylinder, 23-third telescopic pipe, 24-toothed plate, 25-limiting plate, 26-supporting plate, 27-second oil cylinder, 28-first bolt hole, 29-second bolt hole; 30-lower gear, 31-lower rotating shaft, 32-lower pinion, 33-lower motor; 60-hoisting rod, 61-hoisting hole, 70-upper gear, 71-upper rotating shaft, 72-upper pinion, 73-upper motor, 80-hydraulic system, 81-controller, 82-remote controller, 83-wireless receiving module 83. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and examples, but not as the basis for limiting the application.

[0032] Example. The shaft suspension digging device, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , includes a box-shaped body 1, the body 1 is provided with a control system inside, and four telescopic legs 2 are arranged circumferentially on the outside of the body 1. The bottom of the body 1 is provided with a lower rotating mechanism 3, the lower rotating mechanism 3 is connected to a digging bucket 5 through a digging arm 4, and the telescopic legs 2, the lower rotating mechanism 3 and the digging arm 4 are all connected to the control system. The digging arm 4 is hydraulic, and the specific structure refers to the digging arm on the excavator.

[0033] The control system includes a hydraulic system 80, a controller 81 and a remote controller 82, and the hydraulic system 80 and the controller 81 are both located in the body 1. The controller 81 is provided with a wireless receiving module 83 matched with the remote controller 82. The digging arm 4 is connected to the controller 81 through the hydraulic system 80.

[0034] As shown in Figure 4 , the telescopic legs 2 include a first telescopic pipe 20, the inner side end of the first telescopic pipe 20 is hinged to the body 1, and a second telescopic pipe 21 is arranged inside the first telescopic pipe 20. The outer side end of the second telescopic pipe 21 extends out of the first telescopic pipe 20. A first oil cylinder 22 is arranged on one side of the first telescopic pipe 20, the tail end of the cylinder body of the first oil cylinder 22 is hinged to the inner side end of the first telescopic pipe 20, the telescopic end of the first oil cylinder 22 is hinged to the outer side end of the second telescopic pipe 21, and the first oil cylinder 22 is connected to the hydraulic system 80.

[0035] A third telescopic pipe 23 is arranged inside the second telescopic pipe 21, the outer side end of the third telescopic pipe 23 extends out of the second telescopic pipe 21 and is provided with a vertical toothed plate 24, and the outer side end of the third telescopic pipe 23 is provided with a limiting plate 25 to prevent the third telescopic pipe 23 from entering the second telescopic pipe 21 completely.

[0036] The third telescopic pipe 23 is provided with two parallel toothed plates 24, and a support plate 26 is arranged between the two toothed plates 24, and the toothed plates 24 and the support plate 26 are welded and fixed to the outer side end of the third telescopic pipe 23. The first telescopic pipe 20 is provided with a first bolt hole 28 at the head end and the tail end, and the second telescopic pipe 21 is provided with a plurality of second bolt holes 29.

[0037] The inner side of the telescopic leg 2 is provided with a second oil cylinder 27, the body tail end of the second oil cylinder 27 is hinged to the fuselage 1, the telescopic end of the second oil cylinder 27 is hinged to the first telescopic pipe 20, and the second oil cylinder 27 is connected to the hydraulic system 80.

[0038] As shown in the figure, Figure 5 The lower rotating mechanism 3 includes a lower gear 30 located at the bottom of the fuselage 1, the lower gear 30 is connected to the excavating arm 4, a lower shaft hole is arranged in the lower gear 30, a lower rotating shaft 31 fixed to the fuselage 1 is arranged in the lower shaft hole, the lower rotating shaft 31 is a hollow structure, the lower gear 30 is bearing connected to the lower rotating shaft 31, the lower gear 30 is integrally formed on the outer ring of the bearing, one side of the lower gear 30 is provided with a lower pinion 32, the fuselage 1 is provided with a lower motor 33 with an output end connected to the lower pinion 32, and the lower motor 33 is connected to the controller 81.

[0039] The upper side of the fuselage 1 is provided with a hanging bracket 6, the hanging bracket 6 and the fuselage 1 are provided with an upper rotating mechanism 7, the outer side of the hanging bracket 6 is provided with a plurality of hanging rods 60 extending outward, and the outer side end of the hanging rod 60 is provided with a hoisting hole 61.

[0040] The upper rotating mechanism 7 includes an upper gear 70 located at the top of the fuselage 1, the upper gear 70 is fixed to the hanging bracket 6, an upper shaft hole is arranged in the upper gear 70, an upper rotating shaft 71 fixed to the fuselage 1 is arranged in the upper shaft hole, the upper gear 70 is bearing connected to the upper rotating shaft 71, the upper gear 70 is integrally formed on the outer ring of the bearing, one side of the upper gear 70 is provided with an upper pinion 72, the fuselage 1 is provided with an upper motor 73 with an output end connected to the upper pinion 72, and the upper motor 73 is connected to the controller 81.

[0041] The use method is as follows: the third telescopic pipe 23 is pushed into the second telescopic pipe 21, the first bolt hole 28 at the outer side end of the third telescopic pipe 23 and the corresponding second bolt hole 29 on the second telescopic pipe 21 are threaded by a bolt, so that the third telescopic pipe 23 is fixedly received in the second telescopic pipe 21. The first signal is sent by the remote controller, the wireless receiving module 83 receives the first signal, the controller 81 makes the first oil cylinder 22 contract through the hydraulic system 80, the first oil cylinder 22 makes all the second telescopic pipes 21 enter into the corresponding first telescopic pipes 20, and all the telescopic legs 2 are in the shortest state.

[0042] When the second signal is sent by the remote controller, the wireless receiving module 83 receives the first signal, and the controller 81 controls the hydraulic system 80 to retract all the second oil cylinders 27, which drives the telescopic legs 2 to rotate and fold under the body 1. At this time, as shown in Figure 7 , the excavating device is in the minimum volume state.

[0043] As shown in Figure 8 , the minimum volume state of the excavating device facilitates passing through the passage of the trolley 8 and folding under the trolley 8. The excavating device is connected to the trolley 8 by passing through the hoisting hole 61 with a steel cable, and then the third telescopic pipe 23 is pulled out of the second telescopic pipe 21, and the bolt passes through the first bolt hole 28 on the inside end of the third telescopic pipe 23 and the corresponding second bolt hole 29 on the second telescopic pipe 21.

[0044] When the third signal is sent by the remote controller, the wireless receiving module 83 receives the third signal, and the controller 81 controls the hydraulic system 80 to extend all the third oil cylinders 27, so that the telescopic legs 2 are flipped up to a near-horizontal state.

[0045] When the fourth signal is sent by the remote controller, the wireless receiving module 83 receives the fourth signal, and the controller 81 controls the upper motor 73 to rotate a certain number of turns, which drives the upper pinion 72 to rotate, and the upper pinion 72 drives the upper gear 70 to rotate, thereby rotating the body 1, i.e., rotating the telescopic legs 2, until a suitable fixing point is found.

[0046] When the fifth signal is sent by the remote controller, the wireless receiving module 83 receives the fifth signal, and the controller 81 controls the hydraulic system 80 to extend all the first oil cylinders 22, which pushes the second telescopic pipe 21 to extend the first telescopic pipe 20, the telescopic legs 2 are lengthened, and are fixed on the inner wall of the shaft by the toothed plate 24, thereby achieving the fixation of the excavating device.

[0047] When the sixth signal is sent by the remote controller, the wireless receiving module 83 receives the sixth signal, and the controller 81 controls the hydraulic system 80 to actuate the excavating arm 4 to drive the bucket 5 to clean the rock blocks. After completing the cleaning of one area, the seventh signal is sent by the remote controller, the wireless receiving module 83 receives the seventh signal, and the controller 81 controls the lower motor 33 to rotate a certain number of turns, which drives the lower pinion 32 to rotate, and the lower pinion 32 drives the lower gear 30 to rotate, thereby rotating the excavating arm 4 to continue the cleaning of rock blocks in the next area.

[0048] After completing a round of rock block cleaning, the telescopic legs 2 are shortened before the next blasting, and the excavating device is lowered in height with the trolley 8, and after being re-fixed, the next round of cleaning is continued.

[0049] In addition, the bottom of the fuselage 1 is preferably provided with a camera with wireless transmission networking function, which can rotate to facilitate the operator to see the digging state more clearly. The above-mentioned camera is an existing device, which can be purchased.

Claims

1. A shaft-suspended excavation device, characterized in that: Includes a body (1), a control system is provided inside the body (1), multiple telescopic legs (2) are provided on the outer periphery of the body (1), a lower rotating mechanism (3) is provided at the bottom of the body (1), the lower rotating mechanism (3) is connected to the bucket (5) through the digging arm (4), and the telescopic legs (2), the lower rotating mechanism (3) and the digging arm (4) are all connected to the control system; The lower rotating mechanism (3) includes a lower large gear (30) located at the bottom of the machine body (1), the lower large gear (30) is connected to the excavator arm (4), the lower large gear (30) is provided with a lower shaft hole, the lower shaft hole is provided with a lower rotating shaft (31) fixed to the machine body (1), the lower large gear (30) is connected to the lower rotating shaft (31) by a bearing, a lower small gear (32) is provided on one side of the lower large gear (30), and a lower motor (33) with its output end connected to the lower small gear (32) is provided in the machine body (1), and the lower motor (33) is connected to the control system; A hanger (6) is provided above the body (1), and an upper rotating mechanism (7) is provided between the hanger (6) and the body (1). Multiple outwardly extending rods (60) are provided on the outside of the hanger (6), and a lifting hole (61) is provided at the outer end of the rods (60). The upper rotating mechanism (7) includes an upper large gear (70) located at the top of the body (1), the upper large gear (70) is fixed to the hanger (6), the upper large gear (70) is provided with an upper shaft hole, the upper shaft hole is provided with an upper rotating shaft (71) fixed to the body (1), the upper large gear (70) is connected to the upper rotating shaft (71) by a bearing, the upper small gear (72) is provided on one side of the upper large gear (70), the body (1) is provided with an upper motor (73) whose output end is connected to the upper small gear (72), and the upper motor (73) is connected to the control system; The method of using the excavation equipment is to suspend the excavation equipment under the trolley (8) and raise and lower it as the trolley (8) rises and falls. The excavation equipment is fixed in the shaft by the telescopic legs (2), and the bucket (5) is controlled by the excavation arm (4) to clear out the broken stones.

2. The shaft suspension excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic leg (2) includes a first telescopic tube (20), the inner end of which is hinged to the body (1), a second telescopic tube (21) is provided inside the first telescopic tube (20), the outer end of the second telescopic tube (21) extends out of the first telescopic tube (20), a first hydraulic cylinder (22) is provided on one side of the first telescopic tube (20), the tail end of the cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder (22) is hinged to the first telescopic tube (20), the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder (22) is hinged to the second telescopic tube (21), and the first hydraulic cylinder (22) is connected to the control system.

3. The shaft suspension excavation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second telescopic tube (21) is provided with a third telescopic tube (23), the outer end of the third telescopic tube (23) extends out of the second telescopic tube (21) and is provided with a toothed plate (24), and the outer end of the third telescopic tube (23) is provided with a limiting plate (25).

4. The shaft suspension excavation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third telescopic tube (23) is provided with two parallel toothed plates (24), and a support plate (26) is provided between the two toothed plates (24).

5. The shaft suspension excavation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner side of the telescopic leg (2) is provided with a second oil cylinder (27). The tail end of the body of the second oil cylinder (27) is hinged to the machine body (1). The telescopic end of the second oil cylinder (27) is hinged to the first telescopic tube (20). The second oil cylinder (27) is connected to the control system.

6. The shaft suspension excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the excavating equipment passes through the trolley (8) from the outside of the shaft, the retractable leg is in its shortest state and rotates to the underside of the machine body (1).

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