A solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage

Abstract

The present invention discloses a solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage, which includes a solar thermal power generation unit and a compressed air energy storage unit, as well as an internal microgrid and an external power grid. The solar thermal power generation unit utilizes the turbine generator and thermoelectric conversion materials of the solar chimney to convert solar energy into electrical energy, and transmits the electrical energy to the internal microgrid. The compressed air energy storage unit utilizes a compressor unit driven by the internal microgrid or the external power grid to compress air and store it in a high-pressure air storage tank, and utilizes an expansion unit to release the compressed air and drive a generator to transmit the electrical energy to the external power grid. The system also utilizes an interstage cooler and an interstage reheater, as well as a cold storage tank and a heat storage tank, to regulate the temperature and pressure of the medium between the compressor unit and the expansion unit, thereby improving the efficiency and performance of the system. The system can improve the power fluctuation problem of the solar chimney power generation system and improve the power generation efficiency and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of compressed air energy storage and solar power generation, and relates to a solar power generation system, in particular to a solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage. Background Art

[0002] Solar power generation refers to the process of converting sunlight into electricity using solar cells or solar thermal power generation devices. Commonly used solar power generation technologies include photovoltaic power generation, which directly converts sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity through the photovoltaic effect of solar cells, and solar thermal power generation, which uses solar thermal collectors or concentrators to concentrate sunlight and convert it into heat energy, which then generates power through a heat engine cycle to drive a generator set. A solar chimney power plant is a type of solar thermal power generation technology, primarily consisting of a solar collector, a solar chimney, and a turbine. Its basic principle is as follows: The pressure of air flowing through the collector and absorbing heat within the collector does not change much, which can be roughly considered a constant-pressure heat absorption process. The air flow within the solar chimney is an adiabatic expansion process, which includes two stages: adiabatic expansion of the hot air within the turbine, which produces shaft work, and adiabatic expansion within the chimney, which produces no shaft work. The energy conversion process in the turbine is crucial and crucial to the entire power generation system. The hot air then releases heat at a constant pressure from the chimney outlet to the ambient air. The air then undergoes isentropic compression from the ambient air to the collector inlet.

[0003] Solar power generation is an intermittent energy source. Its generated electricity is affected by natural conditions such as weather and seasons, and it cannot guarantee a continuous and stable supply to the grid. Under certain weather conditions, solar power generation devices may not generate sufficient electricity, while at other times, they may generate excessive electricity. Without the support of energy storage technology, solar power generation can cause grid fluctuations, instability, or power outages. Therefore, energy storage technology is needed to balance power supply and demand on the grid. Energy storage technology can store excess energy and release it when solar power generation is insufficient or unavailable, thereby smoothing and regulating loads and improving the utilization and economic benefits of solar power generation. Common energy storage technologies used in solar power generation include battery storage, compressed air storage, and water pump storage. These energy storage technologies convert excess energy into other forms of energy for storage, and then convert it back into electricity for output to the grid when needed. Energy storage technology can provide ancillary services for solar power generation, such as frequency regulation, voltage regulation, phase modulation, and black start, improving the reliability and safety of solar power generation and enhancing its support for the grid. Energy storage technology can complement solar power generation, enabling multiple operating modes such as self-generation and self-use of photovoltaic power, grid access for surplus power, and peak-valley arbitrage, adapting to different application scenarios and needs.

[0004] Chinese invention patent application CN201810664082.8 proposes a solar chimney power generation device using a compressed air energy storage system. The upper end of the solar chimney is connected to the solar chimney, and several wind turbines are installed at the lower part of the solar chimney. The wind turbines are connected to a compressor through a speed change device. The air outlet of the compressor is connected to the air inlet of a high-pressure gas storage tank, and the air outlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank is connected to the air inlet of a heat exchanger. A heat collection device is installed above the solar chimney. The heat collection device is connected to the air inlet of the hot end of the heat storage unit, which is connected to the air inlet of the heat exchanger. The air outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of an expander, and the power output shaft of the expander is connected to the rotor of the generator. This patent improves the power fluctuation problem of the solar chimney power generation system by using a compressed air energy storage system, which can ensure the smooth and efficient operation of the solar chimney power generation system around the clock, thereby improving power generation efficiency. However, this patent also has some shortcomings and deficiencies. The main one is that it requires the installation of a large number of components, including speed changers, media transmission pipelines, and valves, making the system structure complex. The installation and maintenance of these components not only increase system costs and maintenance difficulty, but are also prone to failures, increasing maintenance costs and risks. These include wear of the speed changers, leaks in the pipelines, and stuck valves. Furthermore, the complexity of the system structure also imposes certain limitations on the layout of the device. This can lead to difficulties in practical deployment and installation, especially in limited spaces. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Purpose of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned defects and shortcomings of the existing technology, in order to solve the technical problems that arise when the existing solar chimney power generation technology is coupled with the compressed air energy storage system, such as the need to configure a large number of speed change devices, medium transmission pipelines, valves and other components, which makes the system structure complex and the space layout limited, the present invention proposes a solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage. By effectively combining the solar chimney with the compressed air energy storage technology, adopting internal and external power grids and cold and heat storage and other means, the system operating conditions are continuously optimized to achieve efficient and reliable electricity production and storage. At the same time, the present invention adopts a solar chimney and power grid dual energy storage conversion mode, which solves the problem that the compressed air energy storage system cannot operate when the solar chimney cannot operate normally in rainy weather.

[0007] (2) Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the purpose of the invention and solve the technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage comprises at least a solar thermal power generation unit, a compressed air energy storage unit, an internal microgrid, and an external power grid, characterized in that:

[0010] The solar thermal power generation unit comprises at least one solar chimney, which comprises a solar heat collecting shed at the bottom thereof and a chimney body located at the center of the solar heat collecting shed, wherein:

[0011] The top of the solar heat collecting shed is transparent and can transmit sunlight, the bottom is paved with thermoelectric conversion materials, and the circumference is provided with air circulation ducts connected to the atmospheric environment.

[0012] The bottom of the chimney body is connected to the inner space of the solar heat collecting shed, the top extends vertically upward and is connected to the atmosphere, and at least one turbine generator is provided in the middle.

[0013] The turbine generator and the thermoelectric conversion material are electrically connected to the internal microgrid through lines, and the generated electric energy is transmitted to the internal microgrid after current and voltage conversion;

[0014] The compressed air energy storage system includes at least one motor, one compressor unit, one high-pressure gas storage tank, one expansion unit, one generator, one cold storage tank, and one heat storage tank, wherein:

[0015] The motor is electrically connected to the internal microgrid and the external power grid through lines and is driven by one of the two. When the solar thermal power generation unit is working normally, the motor is driven by the internal microgrid, and when the solar thermal power generation unit fails to work normally, the motor is driven by the external power grid.

[0016] The compressor unit includes a multi-stage compressor, whose power input shaft is connected to the motor in a transmission manner, whose air inlet is connected to the atmosphere through a pipeline, and whose exhaust port is connected to the air inlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank through a pipeline, and at least one compressor interstage cooler is provided on the interstage compressed gas pipeline.

[0017] The expansion unit includes a multi-stage expander, whose power output shaft is connected to the generator in a transmission manner, whose air inlet is connected to the exhaust port of the high-pressure gas storage tank through a pipeline, and whose exhaust port is connected to the atmospheric environment through a pipeline, and at least one expander interstage reheater is provided on the interstage expansion gas pipeline. The generator is electrically connected to the external power grid through a line, and the generated electric energy is transmitted to the external power grid after voltage conversion.

[0018] The cold side inlet of the compressor interstage cooler is connected to the outlet of the cold storage tank through a pipeline, and the cold side outlet is connected to the inlet of the heat storage tank through a pipeline. The hot side inlet of the expander interstage reheater is connected to the outlet of the heat storage tank through a pipeline, and the hot side outlet is connected to the inlet of the cold storage tank through a pipeline.

[0019] When the solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage of the present invention is in operation, the solar chimney first converts solar energy into electrical energy through the turbine generator located inside it and the thermoelectric conversion material located at its bottom, and uploads it to the internal microgrid; secondly, this part of the electrical energy is used to drive the compressor unit through the electric motor to compress the air and store it in the high-pressure gas tank; during the energy release process, the compressed air in the high-pressure gas tank is released to drive the expansion unit to operate and generate electricity, and the electrical energy is fed back to the external power grid for users to use.

[0020] Preferably, in the solar thermal power generation unit, the turbine generator is electrically connected to the internal microgrid through a line via a first converter and a first transformer, and the thermoelectric conversion material is electrically connected to the internal microgrid through a line via a second converter and a second transformer, so that the generated electric energy is respectively transmitted to the internal microgrid after current conversion and voltage transformation.

[0021] Preferably, in the solar thermal power generation unit, the turbine generator adopts a shaftless form to increase the flow area and improve the work capacity.

[0022] Preferably, in the solar thermal power generation unit, the thermoelectric conversion material arranged at the bottom of the solar chimney is a semiconductor material or a mixed valence compound.

[0023] Preferably, in the compressed air energy storage system, the compressor group includes at least a first compressor and a second compressor, and the exhaust port of the first compressor is connected to the air inlet of the second compressor through a pipeline passing through the hot side of the compressor interstage cooler; the expansion machine group includes at least a first expander and a second expander, and the exhaust port of the first expander is connected to the air inlet of the second expander through a pipeline passing through the cold side of the expander interstage reheater.

[0024] Preferably, in the compressed air energy storage system, the motor is electrically connected to the internal microgrid and the external power grid through lines via a third transformer and a fourth transformer respectively. When the solar thermal power generation unit works normally, the motor is driven by the internal microgrid, and when the solar thermal power generation unit fails to work normally, the motor is driven by the external power grid.

[0025] Preferably, in the compressed air energy storage system, the generator is electrically connected to the external power grid via a line through a fifth transformer, and the generated electric energy is transmitted to the external power grid after voltage transformation.

[0026] Preferably, in the compressed air energy storage system, the cold side inlet of the compressor interstage cooler is connected to the outlet of the cold storage tank through a pipeline via a cooler, and the cooler is electrically connected to the internal microgrid through a line. The cooler is used to further cool the heat transfer medium circulating out of the cold storage tank to improve the cooling capacity of the exhaust gas of the compressor unit, so that the multi-stage compressor can operate under optimal conditions.

[0027] Preferably, in the compressed air energy storage system, an electric heating heater is provided in the heat storage tank, and the electric heating heater is electrically connected to the internal microgrid via a sixth transformer through a line. The electric heating heater can use the electricity generated by the solar chimney to further heat the heat exchange medium inside the heat storage tank, thereby ensuring the intake temperature of the expansion unit and enabling it to operate under optimal conditions.

[0028] Furthermore, in the compressed air energy storage system, the electric heating heater adopts a heating rod, a heating belt, a spiral heating tube or other structural forms.

[0029] The working principle of the solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage of the present invention is as follows:

[0030] The solar chimney converts solar energy into electrical energy through its internal turbine generator and the thermoelectric conversion material at its bottom, and transmits this part of the electrical energy to the internal microgrid; secondly, this part of the electrical energy is used to drive the compressor unit through the electric motor to compress the air. The compression heat is absorbed by the interstage cooler of the compressor and the cooling medium from the cold storage tank through heat exchange, and then stored in the high-pressure gas storage tank; the energy release process releases the compressed air in the high-pressure gas storage tank, and after absorbing the heat of the heat medium in the heat storage tank through the interstage reheater, it drives the expansion unit to operate. The output power is converted into electrical energy by the generator and then sent out. The electrical energy is fed back to the external power grid for users to use. During the energy storage process of the compressed air energy storage system, the cold storage outlet cooler can be opened in time according to the operating conditions of the previous stage compressor, so that the next stage compressor can operate under appropriate working conditions; during the energy release process of the compressed air energy storage system, the electric heating heater inside the heat storage tank can be opened in time according to the temperature of the medium inside the heat storage tank to ensure that the expander inlet meets the efficient operating conditions.

[0031] (3) Technical effects

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage of the present invention has the following beneficial and significant technical effects:

[0033] (1) In the solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage of the present invention, solar power generation and compressed air energy storage are independent of each other and are coupled through internal and external microgrids, which is beneficial to the safe and reliable operation of the system and realizes the organic combination of solar energy and compressed air energy storage. The solar energy is converted into electrical energy by using the turbine generator and thermoelectric conversion material of the solar chimney, and the compressed air energy storage system is used to balance the power fluctuation of the solar chimney power generation system, thereby improving the power generation efficiency and stability.

[0034] (2) The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage of the present invention uses a light-transmitting and heat-conducting material to effectively utilize sunlight to heat the air and generate electricity through a turbine generator. Furthermore, thermoelectric materials are placed at the bottom of the solar chimney to directly convert thermal energy into electrical energy, thereby improving power generation efficiency.

[0035] (3) The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage of the present invention adopts a multi-stage compressor and a multi-stage expander, and a cooler and a reheater are arranged between the stages. It can use solar energy to reasonably adjust the operating parameters of the compressed air energy storage system, thereby improving the efficiency and performance of the compressed air energy storage system. At the same time, it uses cold storage tanks and heat storage tanks to store the cold and hot media of the compressed air energy storage system, thereby reducing energy loss.

[0036] (4) The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage of the present invention adopts an inverter and a transformer, as well as a cooler and an electric heating heater to regulate the conversion and transmission of electric energy between the solar chimney power generation system and the compressed air energy storage system, as well as the medium temperature between the compressor unit and the expander unit, so that the system can operate under optimal conditions.

[0037] (5) The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage of the present invention sets an internal microgrid and an external power grid, so that the system can select a suitable power source to drive the compressor unit according to the working state of the solar chimney power generation system, and transmit the electric energy generated by the generator to the external power grid for users to use. The internal microgrid and the external power grid are used for solar chimney power generation and compressed air energy storage respectively, so that the system has a dual energy storage mode of solar energy and power grid, which improves the operating flexibility of the compressed air energy storage system. In addition, since the internal microgrid is set for electrical transmission, the complex mechanical devices and working fluid pipelines are reduced, the system is simplified, and the stability and reliability of the system are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage according to the present invention;

[0039] Description of reference numerals:

[0040] 1. Solar chimney; 11. Turbine generator; 12. Thermoelectric conversion material; 13. First converter; 14. Second converter; 15. First transformer; 16. Second transformer; 36 and 37. Motor transformer; 21. Motor; 22. First compressor; 23. Second compressor; 26. Compressor interstage cooler; 27. Gas storage tank; 28 and 29. Expander; 31. Expander interstage reheater; 30. Generator; 35. Generator transformer; 24. Cold storage tank; 32. Heat storage tank; 25. Cold storage tank outlet cooler; 34. Internal electric heating supplementary heater for heat storage tank; 33. Transformer for internal electric heating supplementary heater for heat storage tank; 40. Internal microgrid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to better understand the present invention, the contents of the present invention are further explained in conjunction with the embodiments below. In the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The structure and technical solution of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and an embodiment of the present invention is given.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage of the present invention includes at least a solar thermal power generation unit, a compressed air energy storage unit, an internal microgrid 40, and an external power grid 41. The solar thermal power generation unit includes at least a solar chimney 1, which includes a solar collector shed at its bottom and a chimney body located in the center of the solar collector shed. The top of the solar collector shed is transparent and can transmit sunlight, the bottom is covered with thermoelectric conversion material 12, and an air circulation duct connected to the atmosphere is provided around the periphery. The bottom of the chimney body is connected to the interior space of the solar collector shed, the top extends vertically upward and is connected to the atmosphere, and at least one turbine generator 11 is provided in the middle. The turbine generator 11 and the thermoelectric conversion material 12 are respectively electrically connected to the internal microgrid 40 via lines, and the generated electricity is transmitted to the internal microgrid 40 after being converted and transformed.

[0043] The compressed air energy storage system includes at least one motor 21, a compressor unit, a high-pressure gas storage tank 27, an expansion unit, a generator 30, a cold storage tank 24, and a heat storage tank 32, wherein the motor 21 is electrically connected to the internal microgrid 40 and the external power grid 41 through lines and is driven by one of the two. When the solar thermal power generation unit is working normally, the motor 21 is driven by the internal microgrid 40, and when the solar thermal power generation unit cannot work normally, the motor 21 is driven by the external power grid 41; the compressor unit includes a multi-stage compressor, whose power input shaft is connected to the motor 21 in a transmission manner, the air inlet is connected to the atmospheric environment through a pipeline, the exhaust port is connected to the air inlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank 27 through a pipeline, and the inter-stage compressed gas pipeline has at least A compressor interstage cooler 26 is provided; the expansion unit includes a multi-stage expander, whose power output shaft is transmission-connected to the generator 30, the air inlet is connected to the exhaust port of the high-pressure gas storage tank 27 through a pipeline, and the exhaust port is connected to the atmospheric environment through a pipeline, and at least one expander interstage reheater 31 is provided on its interstage expansion gas pipeline, the generator 30 is electrically connected to the external power grid 41 through a line, and the generated electric energy is transmitted to the external power grid 41 after voltage transformation; the cold side inlet of the compressor interstage cooler 26 is connected to the outlet of the cold storage tank 24 through a pipeline, and the cold side outlet is connected to the inlet of the heat storage tank 32 through a pipeline, the hot side inlet of the expander interstage reheater 31 is connected to the outlet of the heat storage tank 32 through a pipeline, and the hot side outlet is connected to the inlet of the cold storage tank 24 through a pipeline.

[0044] When the solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage of the present invention is in operation, the solar chimney first converts solar energy into electrical energy through the turbine generator 11 located inside it and the thermoelectric conversion material 12 located at its bottom, and uploads it to the internal microgrid 40; secondly, this part of the electrical energy is used to drive the compressor unit through the electric motor 21 to compress the air and store it in the high-pressure gas tank 27; during the energy release process, the compressed air in the high-pressure gas tank 27 is released to drive the expansion unit to generate electricity, and the electrical energy is fed back to the external power grid 41 for users to use.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the turbine generator 11 is electrically connected to the internal microgrid 40 via a first converter 13 and a first transformer 15. The thermoelectric conversion material 12 is electrically connected to the internal microgrid 40 via a second converter 14 and a second transformer 16. The generated electrical energy is then converted and transformed, and then transmitted to the internal microgrid 40. The turbine generator 11 is shaftless to increase the flow area and improve work capacity. The thermoelectric conversion material 12, located at the bottom of the solar chimney 1, is made of a semiconductor material or a mixed-valence compound.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the compressor unit includes at least a first compressor 22 and a second compressor 23. The exhaust port of the first compressor 22 is connected to the air inlet of the second compressor 23 via a pipeline passing through the hot side of the compressor interstage cooler 26. The expansion unit includes at least a first expander 28 and a second expander 29. The exhaust port of the first expander 28 is connected to the air inlet of the second expander 29 via a pipeline passing through the cold side of the expander interstage reheater 31. The motor 21 is electrically connected to the internal microgrid 40 and the external power grid 41 via a third transformer 36 and a fourth transformer 37, respectively. When the solar thermal power generation unit is operating normally, the motor 21 is driven by the internal microgrid 40. When the solar thermal power generation unit is not operating normally, the motor 21 is driven by the external power grid 41. The generator 30 is electrically connected to the external power grid 41 via a fifth transformer 35 and then transmits the generated electricity to the external power grid 41 after voltage conversion.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cold-side inlet of the compressor interstage cooler 26 is connected to the outlet of the cold storage tank 24 via a pipeline through a cooler 25. Cooler 25 is electrically connected to the internal microgrid 40 via wiring. Cooler 25 is used to further cool the heat transfer medium circulating out of the cold storage tank 24, thereby improving the cooling capacity of the compressor exhaust and enabling the multi-stage compressor to operate under optimal conditions. An electric heater 34 is installed in the thermal storage tank 32, electrically connected to the internal microgrid 40 via wiring through a sixth transformer 33. Electric heater 34 utilizes electricity generated by the solar chimney to further heat the heat transfer medium within the thermal storage tank 32, ensuring the inlet temperature of the expansion unit and enabling it to operate under optimal conditions.

[0048] The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage of the present invention realizes the organic combination of solar chimney and compressed air energy storage technology. The solar chimney 1 uses solar energy to heat the air and generates electricity through the turbine generator 11. At the same time, the thermoelectric conversion material 12 is used at the bottom of the solar chimney 1 to directly convert heat energy into electricity, thereby realizing efficient use of solar energy. The compressed air energy storage system uses a multi-stage compressor and expander to achieve air compression and expansion, and a cooler and reheater are arranged between the two stages to optimize the working conditions. The high-pressure gas tank is used to store compressed air to provide power for subsequent expansion and power generation. In this way, the effective coupling of solar energy and compressed air energy storage is achieved, and the stability and sustainability of the power system are comprehensively improved.

[0049] The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage (CAES) of the present invention achieves dual power utilization by providing an internal microgrid 40 and an external grid 41. The internal microgrid 40 transmits the power generated by the solar chimney; the external grid 41 transmits the power generated and output by the CAES system during compression and expansion. This allows the CAES system to automatically switch to the external grid for power even when weather conditions are poor and solar power cannot meet power needs, ensuring continued stable operation.

[0050] The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage of the present invention optimizes system operating conditions by utilizing a cold accumulator 24, a heat accumulator 32, and an electric heater 34. The cold accumulator 24 and the heat accumulator 32 store heat and cold energy and transfer heat during the compression and expansion processes, continuously optimizing the inlet and outlet conditions of the compressor and expander. The electric heater 34 uses the electricity generated by the solar chimney to heat the heat medium in the heat storage tank, further optimizing the inlet conditions of the expander. This ensures that the compressor and expander operate under optimal conditions, improving system efficiency.

[0051] The above embodiments fully and effectively achieve the objectives of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the contents described in the accompanying drawings and the above specific embodiments. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments currently considered to be the most practical and preferred, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, and any modifications that do not deviate from the functional and structural principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage, comprising at least a solar thermal power generation unit, a compressed air energy storage system, an internal microgrid, and an external power grid, characterized in that: The solar thermal power generation unit comprises at least one solar chimney, which comprises a solar heat collecting shed at the bottom thereof and a chimney body located at the center of the solar heat collecting shed, wherein: The top of the solar heat collecting shed is transparent and can transmit sunlight, the bottom is paved with thermoelectric conversion materials, and the circumference is provided with air circulation ducts connected to the atmospheric environment. The bottom of the chimney body is connected to the inner space of the solar heat collecting shed, the top extends vertically upward and is connected to the atmosphere, and at least one turbine generator is provided in the middle. The turbine generator and the thermoelectric conversion material are electrically connected to the internal microgrid through lines, and the generated electric energy is transmitted to the internal microgrid after being processed by current and voltage conversion; The compressed air energy storage system includes at least one motor, one compressor unit, one high-pressure gas storage tank, one expansion unit, one generator, one cold storage tank, and one heat storage tank, wherein: The motor is electrically connected to the internal microgrid and the external power grid through lines and is driven by one of the two. When the solar thermal power generation unit is working normally, the motor is driven by the internal microgrid, and when the solar thermal power generation unit fails to work normally, the motor is driven by the external power grid. The compressor unit includes a multi-stage compressor, whose power input shaft is connected to the motor in a transmission manner, whose air inlet is connected to the atmosphere through a pipeline, and whose exhaust port is connected to the air inlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank through a pipeline, and at least one compressor interstage cooler is provided on the interstage compressed gas pipeline. The expansion unit includes a multi-stage expander, whose power output shaft is connected to the generator in a transmission manner, whose air inlet is connected to the exhaust port of the high-pressure gas storage tank through a pipeline, and whose exhaust port is connected to the atmospheric environment through a pipeline, and at least one expander interstage reheater is provided on the interstage expansion gas pipeline. The generator is electrically connected to the external power grid through a line, and the generated electric energy is transmitted to the external power grid after voltage conversion. The cold side inlet of the compressor interstage cooler is connected to the outlet of the cold storage tank through a pipeline, and the cold side outlet is connected to the inlet of the heat storage tank through a pipeline. The hot side inlet of the expander interstage reheater is connected to the outlet of the heat storage tank through a pipeline, and the hot side outlet is connected to the inlet of the cold storage tank through a pipeline.

2. The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the solar thermal power generation unit, the turbine generator is electrically connected to the internal microgrid through a line via a first converter and a first transformer, and the thermoelectric conversion material is electrically connected to the internal microgrid through a line via a second converter and a second transformer, thereby respectively transmitting the generated electric energy to the internal microgrid after current and voltage conversion.

3. The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the solar thermal power generation unit, the turbine generator adopts a shaftless form to increase the flow area and improve the work capacity.

4. The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the solar thermal power generation unit, the thermoelectric conversion material arranged at the bottom of the solar chimney is made of semiconductor material or mixed valence compound.

5. The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the compressed air energy storage system, the compressor group includes at least a first compressor and a second compressor, and the exhaust port of the first compressor is connected to the air inlet of the second compressor through a pipeline passing through the hot side of the compressor interstage cooler; the expansion machine group includes at least a first expander and a second expander, and the exhaust port of the first expander is connected to the air inlet of the second expander through a pipeline passing through the cold side of the expander interstage reheater.

6. The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the compressed air energy storage system, the motor is electrically connected to the internal microgrid and the external power grid through lines via a third transformer and a fourth transformer respectively. When the solar thermal power generation unit operates normally, the motor is driven by the internal microgrid, and when the solar thermal power generation unit fails to operate normally, the motor is driven by the external power grid.

7. The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the compressed air energy storage system, the generator is electrically connected to the external power grid via a line through a fifth transformer, and the generated electric energy is transmitted to the external power grid after voltage transformation.

8. The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the compressed air energy storage system, the cold side inlet of the compressor interstage cooler is connected to the outlet of the cold storage tank through a pipeline via a cooler. The cooler is electrically connected to the internal microgrid through a line. The cooler is used to further cool the heat transfer medium circulating out of the cold storage tank to improve the cooling capacity of the exhaust gas of the compressor unit, so that the multi-stage compressor can operate under optimal conditions.

9. The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the compressed air energy storage system, an electric heating heater is provided in the heat storage tank. The electric heating heater is electrically connected to the internal microgrid via a sixth transformer via a line. The electric heating heater can use the electricity generated by the solar chimney to further heat the heat exchange medium inside the heat storage tank, thereby ensuring the intake temperature of the expansion unit and enabling it to operate under optimal conditions.

10. The solar chimney power generation system coupled with compressed air energy storage according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the compressed air energy storage system, the electric heating heater adopts a heating rod, a heating belt, or a spiral heating core structure.

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