Miniature tunnel boring machine equipment

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) technology and discloses a miniature TBM. The miniature TBM includes a cutterhead, a drive shaft, a reducer, a motor, a slewing assembly, and a flushing device. The end of the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the cutterhead, and the drive shaft drives the cutterhead to rotate. The motor is connected to the drive shaft through the reducer. The slewing assembly includes a slewing bearing, a mounting ring, and a bearing. The mounting ring is sleeved on the drive shaft, and the drive shaft can drive the mounting ring to rotate relative to the slewing bearing. A flushing chamber is disposed on the drive shaft. The flushing chamber has a first chamber and a second chamber. A first flushing pipe is connected to the first chamber, and a second flushing pipe is connected to the second chamber. The first chamber is connected to a high-pressure water pump, and the second chamber is connected to a low-pressure water pump. This miniature TBM has a simple structure, high tunneling efficiency, and can meet the requirements of miniature tunnel boring machines. Furthermore, the cutterhead flushing water pressure is adjustable and safe and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine technology, and in particular to a miniature tunnel boring machine. Background Technology

[0002] A tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a type of tunnel boring machine that uses the shield tunneling method. It is a commonly used piece of machinery in municipal engineering. Its basic working principle is to use a circular cutterhead to advance along the tunnel axis while cutting and expelling the soil. In some micro-tunnel shield tunneling projects with a diameter of less than 3m, micro-TBMs are often used for tunneling operations. These micro-TBMs have small radial dimensions and limited internal installation space, so the drive systems and sealing structures originally used in large TBMs cannot perform as well. At the same time, the drive systems of the original large TBMs are complex in structure and expensive to manufacture, making them unsuitable for micro-TBMs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a miniature tunnel boring machine that simplifies the structure, saves installation space, and reduces wear on components.

[0004] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention provides a miniature tunnel boring machine (TBM) device, comprising:

[0006] Cutter head;

[0007] A drive shaft, the end of which is fixedly connected to the cutter head, is used to drive the cutter head to rotate;

[0008] Gearbox;

[0009] An electric motor is connected to the drive shaft via the reducer, and the motor is used to drive the drive shaft to rotate.

[0010] A slewing assembly includes a slewing bearing, a mounting ring, and a bearing. The mounting ring is sleeved on the drive shaft and rotates with the slewing bearing through the bearing. The slewing bearing is fixedly connected to the mud and water baffle. The drive shaft can drive the mounting ring to rotate relative to the slewing bearing.

[0011] A rinsing device includes a rinsing chamber, a first rinsing pipe, and a second rinsing pipe. The rinsing chamber is mounted on the drive shaft and has independent first and second chambers. The first rinsing pipe is connected to the first chamber, and the second rinsing pipe is connected to the second chamber. The first chamber is connected to a high-pressure water pump, and the second chamber is connected to a low-pressure water pump.

[0012] Preferably, the micro tunnel boring machine further includes a sealing end cover, which includes an end cover body and an outer edge circumferentially disposed on the end cover body. The outer edge forms an abutment groove with the end cover body, and the end of the drive shaft is disposed in the abutment groove. One side of the end cover body abuts against the end of the drive shaft, and the other side of the end cover body abuts against the cutterhead. The inner circumferential surface of the outer edge is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the end of the drive shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the drive shaft has an annular end plate near the end of the cutter head, and the cutter head, the sealing end cover, the annular end plate, and the mounting ring are connected by bolts.

[0014] Preferably, an O-ring is provided between the annular end plate and the sealing end cap, and between the annular end plate and the mounting ring.

[0015] Preferably, the micro tunnel boring machine further includes a sealing baffle, which is sleeved on the sealing end cover and rotatably engaged with the sealing end cover. The sealing baffle is connected to the slewing bearing along the axial direction of the drive shaft.

[0016] Preferably, the sealing baffle and the slewing bearing are connected by bolts.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of lip-shaped sealing rings are provided between the sealing baffle and the sealing end cap along the axial direction of the drive shaft.

[0018] Preferably, the flushing chamber includes a flushing chamber body annularly sleeved on the drive shaft. The flushing chamber also includes an intermediate partition and an annular hoop. The intermediate partition is disposed inside the flushing chamber body, dividing the interior of the flushing chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber. The annular hoop is fixedly connected to the mud and water chamber partition, and is sleeved on the flushing chamber body and rotatably engaged with the flushing chamber body. The drive shaft can drive the flushing chamber body to rotate relative to the annular hoop. The annular hoop is provided with a high-pressure water pump interface and a low-pressure water pump interface.

[0019] Preferably, the flushing device includes an outflow switching assembly, which includes a first isolation sleeve, a first valve, a second isolation sleeve, and a second valve. The first chamber is connected to the first flushing pipe, and the second chamber is connected to the second flushing pipe through the first isolation sleeve. The first valve is disposed in the first chamber and is used to open and close the first flushing pipe. The second valve is disposed in the first isolation sleeve and is used to open and close the first isolation sleeve.

[0020] Preferably, the outer periphery of the mounting ring has a boss structure, and the inner periphery of the slewing bearing has a groove structure that mates with the boss structure.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] This invention provides a miniature tunnel boring machine (TBM) with a drive shaft fixedly connected to the cutterhead. A motor drives the drive shaft to rotate via a reducer, thereby achieving cutterhead rotation and tunneling. Compared to gear-driven systems, this significantly reduces wear on components, thus improving tunneling efficiency. It also simplifies the structure, saves installation space, and meets the operational requirements of miniature TBMs. The reducer converts the motor's high-speed, low-torque output to low-speed, high-torque output, increasing the cutterhead's cutting torque and enhancing the TBM's tunneling capability. Because the mounting ring is fitted onto the drive shaft and rotates with the slewing bearing via bearings, and the slurry chamber partition is mounted on the slewing bearing, the slurry chamber partition can maintain stability when the drive shaft rotates. It is stable, simple in structure, and reliable in connection. The flushing chamber set on the drive shaft has independent first and second chambers. The first chamber is connected to a high-pressure water pump and can spray high-pressure water onto the cutterhead through the first flushing pipe. The second chamber is connected to a low-pressure water pump and can spray low-pressure water onto the cutterhead through the second flushing pipe. When mud cake adheres to the cutterhead, the first flushing pipe can be used to flush the cutterhead with high-pressure water to achieve a fast and powerful flushing effect. When the soil layer in front of the tunnel is soft, the second flushing pipe can be used to flush the mud cake on the cutterhead with low-pressure water to prevent the surrounding soil layer from collapsing due to excessive water impact. It is simple to operate and has good safety. This micro shield tunneling machine is suitable for matching the drive and flushing structure of a scaled-down model of an ultra-large shield tunneling machine. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the miniature tunnel boring machine provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point C.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 100-Mud and water storage partition;

[0029] 1-Cutterhead; 11-Cutterhead flange;

[0030] 2-Drive shaft; 21-Annular end plate;

[0031] 3-Slewing assembly; 31-Slewing bearing; 32-Mounting ring; 33-Bearing;

[0032] 4-Flushing device; 41-Flushing chamber; 411-First chamber; 412-Second chamber; 413-Flushing chamber body; 414-Annular hoop plate; 415-Intermediate partition plate; 42-First flushing pipe; 43-Second flushing pipe; 44-Outflow switching assembly; 441-First isolation sleeve; 442-First valve; 443-Second isolation sleeve; 444-Second valve;

[0033] 5-Sealed end cap; 51-End cap body; 52-Outer edge;

[0034] 6-Sealing baffle;

[0035] 7- Gearbox;

[0036] 8-Motor; Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0038] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0040] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and "left," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a miniature tunnel boring machine (TBM) device, which includes a cutterhead 1, a drive shaft 2, a reducer 7, a motor 8, a slewing assembly 3, and a flushing device 4. The end of the drive shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the cutterhead 1, and the drive shaft 2 is used to drive the cutterhead 1 to rotate. The motor 8 is connected to the drive shaft 2 through the reducer 7, and the motor 8 is used to drive the drive shaft 2 to rotate. In this embodiment, the miniature tunnel boring machine is adapted to a drive and scouring structure that matches a scaled-down model of an ultra-large tunnel boring machine. A cutterhead flange 11 is provided on the end face of the cutterhead 1, which is used to connect with the drive shaft 2. The motor 8 drives the drive shaft 2 to rotate through the reducer 7, thereby realizing the rotation and tunneling of the cutterhead 1. Compared with the gear drive method, this greatly reduces the wear of various components, thereby improving the tunneling efficiency. At the same time, it simplifies the structure and saves installation space, which can meet the operational requirements of miniature tunnel boring machines. Due to the presence of the reducer 7, the high speed and low torque output of the motor 8 can be converted into low speed and high torque, which improves the cutting torque of the cutterhead 1 and thus enhances the tunneling capability of the miniature tunnel boring machine. In addition, a torque sensor is installed on the output shaft of the reducer 7, which facilitates the operator to monitor the torque of the drive shaft 2 in real time.

[0042] The slewing assembly 3 includes a slewing bearing 31, a mounting ring 32, and a bearing 33. The mounting ring 32 is sleeved on the drive shaft 2 and is rotatably engaged with the slewing bearing 31 via the bearing 33. The slewing bearing 31 is fixedly connected to the slurry baffle chamber. The drive shaft 2 can drive the mounting ring 32 to rotate relative to the slewing bearing 31. Specifically, since the mounting ring 32 is sleeved on the drive shaft 2 and rotatably engaged with the slewing bearing 31 via the bearing 33, and the slurry baffle 100 is disposed on the slewing bearing 31, the slurry baffle 100 can remain stable when the drive shaft 2 rotates. The structure is simple and the connection is reliable.

[0043] The rinsing device 4 includes a rinsing chamber 41, a first rinsing pipe 42, and a second rinsing pipe 43. The rinsing chamber 41 is mounted on the drive shaft 2. The rinsing chamber 41 has independent first chamber 411 and second chamber 412. The first rinsing pipe 42 is connected to the first chamber 411, and the second rinsing pipe 43 is connected to the second chamber 412. The first chamber 411 is connected to a high-pressure water pump, and the second chamber 412 is connected to a low-pressure water pump. In this embodiment, the flushing chamber 41 set on the drive shaft 2 has independent first chamber 411 and second chamber 412. The first chamber 411 is connected to a high-pressure water pump and can spray high-pressure water flow to the cutterhead 1 through the first flushing pipe 42. The second chamber 412 is connected to a low-pressure water pump and can spray low-pressure water flow to the cutterhead 1 through the second flushing pipe 43. When mud cake is stuck on the cutterhead 1, the first flushing pipe 42 can be used to flush the cutterhead 1 with high-pressure water flow to achieve a fast and powerful flushing effect. When the soil layer in front of the excavation is soft, the second flushing pipe 43 can be used to flush the mud cake on the cutterhead 1 with low-pressure water flow to prevent the surrounding soil layer from collapsing due to excessive water flow impact. This flushing device 4 can realize the conversion of high and low pressure flushing water flow, and is simple to operate and safe.

[0044] Furthermore, the micro tunnel boring machine also includes a sealing end cover 5. The sealing end cover 5 includes an end cover body 51 and an outer edge 52 circumferentially disposed on the end cover body 51. The outer edge 52 and the end cover body 51 form an abutment groove. The end of the drive shaft 2 is disposed in the abutment groove. One side of the end cover body 51 abuts against the end of the drive shaft 2, and the other side of the end cover body 51 abuts against the cutterhead 1. The inner circumferential surface of the outer edge 52 is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the end of the drive shaft 2. In this embodiment, the drive shaft 2 is a hollow shaft, and the end cover body 51 is installed on the end of the drive shaft 2 near the cutterhead 1. The outer edge 52 is axially arranged around the end cover body 51, thereby forming an abutment groove between the drive shaft 2 and the end cover body 51. The end of the drive shaft 2 is inserted into the abutment groove and abuts against the inner circumferential surface of the outer edge 52, thereby forming a tight sealing structure. This prevents mud and water from penetrating into the drive shaft 2 from the connection between the cutterhead flange 11 and the drive shaft 2 during the tunneling process, effectively protecting the micro shield tunneling machine and reducing the failure rate of the micro shield tunneling machine.

[0045] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the drive shaft 2 has an annular end plate 21 near the end of the cutter head 1. The cutter head 1, the sealing end cover 5, the annular end plate 21, and the mounting ring 32 are connected by bolts. In this embodiment, the annular end plate 21 is integrally formed with the drive shaft 2, and bolt holes are axially provided on the annular end plate 21. Similarly, axial bolt holes are also provided on the cutter head flange 11, the end cover body 51, and the mounting ring 32. Therefore, the cutter head 1, the sealing end cover 5, the drive shaft 2, and the mounting ring 32 can be sequentially fastened together by bolts, which also facilitates disassembly and maintenance by operators.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, O-rings are provided between the annular end plate 21 and the sealing end cover 5, and between the annular end plate 21 and the mounting ring 32. In this embodiment, the O-rings are located on both sides near the bolt holes on the annular end plate 21 to prevent external mud and water from seeping into the drive shaft 2 through the bolt holes, further improving the sealing performance of the micro-shield tunneling machine.

[0047] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the miniature tunnel boring machine also includes a sealing baffle 6, which is fitted onto the sealing end cover 5 and rotatably engages with it. The sealing baffle 6 is connected to the slewing bearing 31 along the axial direction of the drive shaft 2. In this embodiment, the sealing baffle 6 has an annular structure and is fitted onto the outer edge 52 of the sealing end cover 5. The axial cross-section of the sealing baffle 6 is L-shaped, with one side of the L-shape abutting against the outer edge 52 and the other side of the L-shape abutting against the slewing bearing 31 along the axial direction of the drive shaft 2. Since the slewing bearing 31 is fixedly connected to the external mud and water chamber partition 100, the sealing baffle 6 remains stationary when the drive shaft 2 drives the sealing end cover 5 to rotate. The sealing baffle 6 can seal the sealing end cover 5 and the slewing bearing 31 inside the miniature tunnel boring machine, preventing external mud and water from entering the sealing end cover 5 and the slewing bearing 31, thereby protecting the internal structure of the miniature tunnel boring machine.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the sealing baffle 6 and the slewing bearing 31 are connected by bolts. In this embodiment, both the sealing baffle 6 and the slewing bearing 31 are provided with bolt holes, so the sealing baffle 6 and the slewing bearing 31 can be fastened together by bolts, and at the same time, they are easy to disassemble, thus facilitating the disassembly and maintenance of each part by the operator.

[0049] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, multiple lip seals are provided between the sealing baffle 6 and the sealing end cover 5 along the axial direction of the drive shaft 2. In this embodiment, multiple lip seals are provided between the outer edge 52 of the sealing baffle 6 and the sealing end cover 5, and the multiple lip seals are provided along the axial direction of the drive shaft 2, thereby forming a multi-layer sealing structure between the sealing baffle 6 and the sealing end cover 5, further improving the sealing effect; O-rings are also provided on both sides of the bolt holes on the sealing baffle 6 to prevent external mud and water from seeping into the interior of the drive shaft 2 through the bolt holes, further improving the sealing performance of the micro-shield tunneling machine.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the flushing chamber 41 includes a flushing chamber body 413 annularly sleeved on the drive shaft 2. The flushing chamber 41 also includes an intermediate partition 415 and an annular hoop 414. The intermediate partition 415 is disposed inside the flushing chamber body 413 and divides the interior of the flushing chamber 41 into a first chamber 411 and a second chamber 412. The annular hoop 414 is fixedly connected to the mud and water chamber partition 100 and is sleeved on the flushing chamber body 413 and rotates in cooperation with the flushing chamber body 413. The drive shaft 2 can drive the flushing chamber body 413 to rotate relative to the annular hoop 414. The annular hoop 414 is provided with a high-pressure water pump interface and a low-pressure water pump interface. In this embodiment, the flushing chamber body 413 is an annular structure and is sleeved on the drive shaft 2. The flushing chamber body 413 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 2 by bolts, and the drive shaft 2 is provided with a key. The drive shaft 2 drives the flushing chamber body 413 to rotate through the key connection. An annular hoop 414 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the flushing chamber body 413. The annular hoop 414 is fixedly connected to the mud and water chamber partition 100. The annular hoop 414, the flushing chamber body 413, and the middle partition 415 together form a first chamber 411 and a second chamber 412 with the same shape. The annular hoop 414 has corresponding positions on the first chamber 411 and the second chamber 412. The device is equipped with a high-pressure water pump interface and a low-pressure water pump interface, so it can be connected to an external high-pressure water pump and a low-pressure water pump respectively, thereby spraying high-pressure water flow and low-pressure water flow to the cutter head 1 through the first flushing pipe 42 and the second flushing pipe 43 respectively; since the annular hoop 414 is fixed on the mud and water chamber partition 100, the annular hoop 414 can remain stationary when the drive shaft 2 drives the flushing chamber body 413 to rotate, thus facilitating connection with an external water pump; multiple lip seals and O-rings are provided between the annular hoop 414 and the flushing chamber body 413 to prevent leakage from the first chamber 411 and the second chamber 412.

[0051] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the flushing device 4 includes an outflow switching assembly 44, which includes a first isolation sleeve 441, a first valve 442, a second isolation sleeve 443, and a second valve 444. The first chamber 411 is connected to the first flushing pipe 42, and the second chamber 412 is connected to the second flushing pipe 43 through the first isolation sleeve 441. The first valve 442 is disposed in the first chamber 411 and is used to open and close the first flushing pipe 42. The second valve 444 is disposed in the first isolation sleeve 441 and is used to open and close the first isolation sleeve 441.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first chamber 411 and the second chamber 412 are arranged along the axial direction of the drive shaft 2, with the first chamber 411 being closer to the cutter head 1 than the second chamber 412. The first chamber 411 and the second chamber 412 are separated by a middle partition 415. A first outlet and a second outlet are respectively opened on the end face of the flushing chamber body 413 near the cutter head 1. A first operating port and a second operating port are respectively opened on the other end face of the flushing chamber body 413 away from the cutter head 1 at positions corresponding to the first outlet and the second outlet. A first connecting port is opened on the middle partition 415. The first chamber 411 is connected to the first flushing pipe 42 through the first outlet, and the second isolation sleeve 443 passes through the first connecting port. The first isolation sleeve 443 is inserted into the first operating port and abuts against the inner wall of the first connecting port to separate the first chamber 411 and the second chamber 412. One end of the second isolation sleeve 443 passes through the second chamber 412 and extends out from the first operating port, thereby separating the second chamber 412 from the first outlet. The low-pressure water flow in the second chamber 412 cannot enter the first flushing pipe 42 through the first outlet. The first valve 442 is a stop valve. The first valve 442 passes through the second isolation sleeve 443 and is threadedly engaged with the second isolation sleeve 443. One end of the first valve 442 extends out from the end of the second isolation sleeve 443 at the first operating port. The operator can open and close the first flushing pipe 42 by turning the first valve 442 that extends out from the first operating port. A second connecting port is provided on the intermediate partition 415 at the position corresponding to the second outlet. One end of the first isolation sleeve 441 passes through the second connecting port and the first chamber 411 in sequence and connects to the second flushing pipe 43 through the second outlet. The outer wall of the first isolation sleeve 441 is close to the inner wall of the second connecting port to separate the first chamber 411 and the second chamber 412. The other end of the first isolation sleeve 441 passes through the second connecting port and is set in the second chamber 412, thereby separating the first chamber 411 from the second outlet. Thus, the high-pressure water flow in the first chamber 411 cannot enter the second flushing pipe 43 through the second outlet. The second valve 444 is also a stop valve. The second valve 444 passes through the first isolation sleeve 441 and the second operating port. One end of the second valve 444 extends out of the second operating port and is threadedly engaged with the second operating port. The operator can open and close the first isolation sleeve 441 by turning the second valve 444 that extends out of the second operating port. When different cleaning water pressures need to be adjusted, the operator can switch between high and low pressure spray water flow by turning the first valve 442 and the second valve 444 located at the first and second operating ports respectively, which is convenient to operate.

[0053] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, the outer periphery of the mounting ring 32 has a boss structure, and the inner periphery of the slewing bearing 31 has a groove structure that mates with the boss structure. Specifically, the boss structure of the mounting ring 32 and the groove structure of the slewing bearing 31 form a tortuous sealing channel, thereby improving the sealing effect of the miniature tunnel boring machine. Furthermore, three bearings 33 are provided between the boss structure of the mounting ring 32 and the groove structure of the slewing bearing 31. The three bearings 33 are respectively arranged on different planes of the boss structure, thereby achieving stable relative rotation between the mounting ring 32 and the slewing bearing 31 and preventing skewing during rotation that could damage components.

[0054] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro-shield machine apparatus, characterized by, The micro shield machine device comprises a cutter head (1), a driving shaft (2) having an end fixedly connected with the cutter head (1) and used for driving the cutter head (1) to rotate, a speed reducer (7), a motor (8) connected with the driving shaft (2) through the speed reducer (7) and used for driving the driving shaft (2) to rotate, a slewing assembly (3) comprising a slewing support body (31), a mounting ring (32) sleeved on the driving shaft (2) and rotatably connected with the slewing support body (31) through a bearing (33), the slewing support body (31) being fixedly connected with a slurry tank partition plate (100), the driving shaft (2) being capable of driving the mounting ring (32) to rotate relative to the slewing support body (31), a flushing device (4) comprising a flushing tank (41), a first flushing pipe (42) and a second flushing pipe (43), the flushing tank (41) being arranged on the driving shaft (2) and having independent first and second chambers (411, 412), the first flushing pipe (42) being connected with the first chamber (411), and the second flushing pipe (43) being connected with the second chamber (412), the first chamber (411) being connected with a high-pressure water pump, and the second chamber (412) being connected with a low-pressure water pump. The micro shield machine device further comprises a sealing end cover (5) comprising an end cover body (51) and an outer rim (52) annularly arranged on the end cover body (51), the outer rim (52) and the end cover body (51) forming an abutting groove, an end of the driving shaft (2) being arranged in the abutting groove, one side of the end cover body (51) abutting against the end of the driving shaft (2), and the other side of the end cover body (51) abutting against the cutter head (1), and an inner circumferential surface of the outer rim (52) abutting against an outer circumferential surface of the end of the driving shaft (2). An end of the driving shaft (2) close to the cutter head (1) has an annular end plate (21), and the cutter head (1), the sealing end cover (5), the annular end plate (21) and the mounting ring (32) are connected through bolts. O-shaped sealing rings are arranged between the annular end plate (21) and the sealing end cover (5) and between the annular end plate (21) and the mounting ring (32). The micro shield machine device further comprises a sealing baffle (6) sleeved on the sealing end cover (5) and rotatably connected with the sealing end cover (5), the sealing baffle (6) being connected with the slewing support body (31) along an axial direction of the driving shaft (2). The sealing baffle (6) and the slewing support body (31) are connected through bolts. A plurality of lip-shaped sealing rings are arranged between the sealing baffle (6) and the sealing end cover (5) along the axial direction of the driving shaft (2).

2. The micro-trencher apparatus of claim 1, wherein, ​ 3. The micro-trencher apparatus of claim 2, wherein, ​ 4. The micro-trencher apparatus of claim 3, wherein, ​ 5. The micro-trencher apparatus of claim 2, wherein, ​ 6. The micro-trencher apparatus of claim 5, wherein, ​ 7. The micro-trencher apparatus of claim 5, wherein, ​ 8. The micro-trencher apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The flushing bin (41) comprises a flushing bin body (413) annularly sleeved on the driving shaft (2), the flushing bin (41) further comprises an intermediate partition plate (415) and an annular hoop plate (414), the intermediate partition plate (415) is arranged inside the flushing bin body (413), and the intermediate partition plate (415) separates the inside of the flushing bin (41) into the first chamber (411) and the second chamber (412); the annular hoop plate (414) is fixedly connected with the silt bin partition plate (100), the annular hoop plate (414) is sleeved on the flushing bin body (413) and rotationally matched with the flushing bin body (413), and the driving shaft (2) can drive the flushing bin body (413) to rotate relative to the annular hoop plate (414); the annular hoop plate (414) is provided with a high-pressure water pump interface and a low-pressure water pump interface.

9. The micro-trencher apparatus of claim 8, wherein, The flushing device (4) comprises an outflow switching assembly (44), the outflow switching assembly (44) comprises a first isolation sleeve (441), a first valve (442), a second isolation sleeve (443) and a second valve (444), the first chamber (411) is connected with the first flushing pipe (42), and the second chamber (412) is connected with the second flushing pipe (43) through the first isolation sleeve (441); the first valve (442) is arranged in the first chamber (411), and the first valve (442) is used for opening and closing the first flushing pipe (42); and the second valve (444) is arranged in the first isolation sleeve (441), and the second valve (444) is used for opening and closing the first isolation sleeve (441).

10. The micro-trencher apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The outer periphery of the mounting ring (32) has a boss structure, and the inner periphery of the rotary supporting body (31) has a groove structure matched with the boss structure.

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