An apparatus and method for monitoring soil erosion

Abstract

The application discloses a soil and water loss monitoring device and method, belongs to the technical field of soil and water loss monitoring, and utilizes a light source to emit light which sequentially passes through a prism system and first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth analysis pools to obtain first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth spectrum curves, and a light beam attenuation coefficient curve is calculated, the light beam attenuation coefficient curve is processed, and C6(λ) is obtained. The application utilizes the variable range and preferred wave band of the analysis pool device, improves the calculation accuracy from the attenuation coefficient curve to the suspended matter concentration, and is transmissive and continuous spectrum, and the measurement result is more accurate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of water and soil erosion monitoring device and method thereof, belong to water and soil erosion monitoring technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, industrialization and urbanization process accelerates the destruction of original surface, in addition to illegal logging, unreasonable agricultural cultivation and other behaviors caused by soil erosion more and more serious, it is urgent to accurately monitor soil erosion. However, the water body to be tested of soil erosion often has diverse components and complex optical properties, with a dynamic range from light turbidity to extreme turbidity, it is still very difficult to monitor soil erosion, and the monitoring accuracy is low.

[0003] The traditional monitoring facilities commonly used for measuring sediment content of water flow at home and abroad have long monitoring period, and the construction and maintenance of traditional water and soil conservation monitoring sites require high cost of material and financial resources, low automation degree, low reliability, large influence of human factors on observation data and scientificity, and low monitoring frequency.

[0004] The current technical methods include runoff plot, control station (sediment tank), simple water and soil erosion observation field, simple slope measurement and wind erosion positioning plug. For a long time, the traditional "drying and weighing method" is still commonly used for measuring sediment content of water flow at home and abroad. This method has long measurement period, complicated detection process and high labor intensity, and cannot well monitor the dynamic process of sediment. The main defects are as follows: first, the traditional monitoring facilities and methods have long monitoring period, time-consuming and labor-intensive. Second, the monitoring has low automation degree and low reliability, cannot realize real-time online monitoring, human factors have large influence on observation data and scientificity, and the monitoring frequency is low. Third, the construction and maintenance of traditional water and soil conservation monitoring sites require high cost of material and financial resources.

[0005] Due to the suddenness and real-time nature of water and soil loss hazards, the monitoring frequency is required by the technical regulation specification for water and soil conservation monitoring, and the timeliness and accuracy of monitoring gradually become important indicators for measuring the accuracy of monitoring results. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the defects of the prior art, provide a water and soil erosion monitoring device and method thereof, and improve the calculation accuracy from attenuation coefficient to suspended matter concentration by using the variable range and preferred wave band of the analysis tank device. The present application is a transmission and continuous spectrum, which contains near-infrared light, and the measurement result of this measurement method is more accurate.

[0007] In the first aspect, the present application provides a water and soil erosion monitoring device, comprising: a self-rotating mechanism 200;

[0008] The analysis pool device 100 is arranged on the self-rotating mechanism 200 to rotate with the self-rotating mechanism 200 by a preset angle;

[0009] The light source 300 is arranged on one side of the analysis pool device 100.

[0010] The prism system 400 is arranged between the light source 300 and the analysis pool device 100.

[0011] The spectroradiometer 500 is electrically connected to the analysis pool device 100.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, the analysis pool device 100 comprises a first analysis pool 101, a second analysis pool 102, a third analysis pool 103, a fourth analysis pool 104, a fifth analysis pool 105, and a sixth analysis pool 106, which are sequentially and fixedly connected in a ring shape, and the water light path of the first analysis pool 101 is < the water light path of the second analysis pool 102 < the water light path of the third analysis pool 103 < the water light path of the fourth analysis pool 104 < the water light path of the fifth analysis pool 105 and the sixth analysis pool 106.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, the first analysis pool 101 comprises a first analysis intermediate 1011 and a first optical fiber 1012 fixedly connected to the first analysis intermediate 1011, the first optical fiber 1012 is located on the side of the first analysis intermediate 1011 away from the prism system 400, there is no water sample in the first analysis intermediate 1011, and the spectroradiometer 500 is electrically connected to the first optical fiber 1012.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, the second analysis pool 102 comprises a second analysis intermediate 1021 and a second optical fiber 1022 fixedly connected to the second analysis intermediate 1021, the second optical fiber 1022 is located on the side of the second analysis intermediate 1021 away from the prism system 400, and the spectroradiometer 500 is electrically connected to the second optical fiber 1022.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, the third analysis pool 103 comprises a third analysis intermediate 1031 and a third optical fiber 1032 fixedly connected to the third analysis intermediate 1031, the third optical fiber 1032 is located on the side of the third analysis intermediate 1031 away from the prism system 400, and the spectroradiometer 500 is electrically connected to the third optical fiber 1032.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, the fourth analysis pool 104 comprises a fourth analysis intermediate and a fourth optical fiber fixedly connected to the fourth analysis intermediate, the fourth optical fiber is located on the side of the fourth analysis intermediate away from the prism system 400, and the spectroradiometer 500 is electrically connected to the fourth optical fiber.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, the fifth analysis pool 105 comprises a fifth analysis medium and a fifth optical fiber fixedly connected to the fifth analysis medium, the fifth optical fiber is located on the side of the fifth analysis medium away from the prism system 400, and the fifth optical fiber is electrically connected to the spectral radiometer 500;

[0018] The sixth analysis pool 106 comprises a sixth analysis medium, and the sixth analysis medium is fixedly connected to the fifth analysis medium and the first analysis medium.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, the first optical fiber 1012 has a length of 5 cm, the second optical fiber 1022 has a length of 4.7 cm, the third optical fiber 1032 has a length of 4.3 cm, the fourth optical fiber has a length of 4.0 cm, and the fifth optical fiber has a length of 3 cm.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, the self-rotating mechanism 200 comprises a motor 201, a bearing 203, a flange plate 204, an analysis pool fixing member 205, and a base 206, the motor 201 is transversely arranged on the base 206 through the bearing 203, the base 206 is provided with a motor through hole matched with the motor 201, the analysis pool fixing member 205 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft 202 of the motor 201 through the flange plate 204, and the analysis pool fixing member 205 is provided with analysis pool grooves matched with the first analysis pool 101, the second analysis pool 102, the third analysis pool 103, the fourth analysis pool 104, the fifth analysis pool 105, and the sixth analysis pool 106.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, the self-rotating mechanism 200 further comprises a fixed rod 207 located below the output shaft 202, a driven gear 208 located below the analysis pool fixing member 205, a first support rod 209, and a second support rod 210, one end of the fixed rod 207 is transversely fixedly arranged on the base 206 through the first support rod 209 and the second support rod 210, the driven gear 208 is rotatably arranged on the fixed rod 207, and the outer surface of the analysis pool fixing member 205 is provided with a ring-shaped distributed sawtooth groove engaged with the driven gear 208.

[0022] In combination with the second aspect, a soil erosion monitoring method is provided, which utilizes the soil erosion monitoring device of any one of the first aspect, and performs the following steps:

[0023] A beam of light is emitted by the light source to pass through the prism system and the first analysis pool, and the first spectral curve L1(λ) output by the first optical fiber is measured by the spectral radiometer;

[0024] The analysis pool device is rotated by the self-rotating mechanism by a preset angle, light passes through the prism system and the second analysis pool, and the second spectral curve L2(λ) output by the second optical fiber is measured by the spectral radiometer;

[0025] The self-rotating mechanism drives the analysis cell device to rotate by a preset angle, light passes through the prism system and the third analysis cell, and the third spectral curve L3(λ) output by the third optical fiber is measured by the spectral radiometer;

[0026] The self-rotating mechanism drives the analysis cell device to rotate by a preset angle, light passes through the prism system and the fourth analysis cell, and the fourth spectral curve L4(λ) output by the fourth optical fiber is measured by the spectral radiometer;

[0027] The self-rotating mechanism drives the analysis cell device to rotate by a preset angle, light passes through the prism system and the fifth analysis cell, and the fifth spectral curve L5(λ) output by the fifth optical fiber is measured by the spectral radiometer;

[0028] The self-rotating mechanism drives the analysis cell device to rotate by a preset angle, light passes through the prism system and the sixth analysis cell, and the sixth spectral curve L6(λ) output by the sixth optical fiber is measured by the spectral radiometer;

[0029] The first spectral curve L1(λ), the second spectral curve L2(λ), the third spectral curve L3(λ), the fourth spectral curve L4(λ), the fifth spectral curve L5(λ), and the sixth spectral curve L6(λ) are used to calculate the first light beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ), the second light beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ), the third light beam attenuation coefficient curve C3(λ), the fourth light beam attenuation coefficient curve C4(λ), and the fifth light beam attenuation coefficient curve C5(λ):

[0030]

[0031]

[0032]

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] In the formula, λ is the wavelength, λ ranges from 200-1100nm, Z1 is the water light path of the second analysis intermediate, Z2 is the water light path of the third analysis intermediate, Z3 is the water light path of the fourth analysis intermediate, Z4 is the water light path of the fifth analysis intermediate, and Z5 is the water light path of the sixth analysis intermediate;

[0036] When only C1(λ), C2(λ), C3(λ), C4(λ) and C5(λ) are in the range of 200-1100 nm, if the values of the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ), the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ), the third beam attenuation coefficient curve C3(λ), the fourth beam attenuation coefficient curve C4(λ) and the fifth beam attenuation coefficient curve C5(λ) are the same for three or more, then any one of the three or more same values is taken as the sixth beam attenuation coefficient curve C6(λ);

[0037] When only C1(λ), C2(λ), C3(λ) and C4(λ) are in the range of 200-1100 nm, if the values of the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ), the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ), the third beam attenuation coefficient curve C3(λ) and the fourth beam attenuation coefficient curve C4(λ) are the same for three or more, then any one of the three or more same values is taken as the sixth beam attenuation coefficient curve C6(λ), otherwise the first spectral curve L1(λ), the second spectral curve L2(λ), the third spectral curve L3(λ), the fourth spectral curve L4(λ), the fifth spectral curve L5(λ) and the sixth spectral curve L6(λ) are re-measured, or the analysis cell device, the prism system and the spectral radiometer are overhauled;

[0038] When only C1(λ), C2(λ) and C3(λ) are in the range of 200-1100 nm, if the values of the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ), the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ) and the third beam attenuation coefficient curve C3(λ) are the same for two or more, then any one of the two or more same values is taken as the sixth beam attenuation coefficient curve C6(λ). Otherwise, the first spectral curve L1(λ), the second spectral curve L2(λ), the third spectral curve L3(λ), the fourth spectral curve L4(λ), the fifth spectral curve L5(λ) and the sixth spectral curve L6(λ) are re-measured, or the analysis cell device, the prism system and the spectral radiometer are overhauled;

[0039] When only the first light beam attenuation coefficient curve C1 (lambda) and the second light beam attenuation coefficient curve C2 (lambda) are in the range of 200-1100nm, if the first light beam attenuation coefficient curve C1 (lambda) and the second light beam attenuation coefficient curve C2 (lambda) have the same value, then any one of the first light beam attenuation coefficient curve C1 (lambda) and the second light beam attenuation coefficient curve C2 (lambda) is taken as the sixth light beam attenuation coefficient curve C6 (lambda), otherwise the first spectrum curve L1 (lambda), the second spectrum curve L2 (lambda), the third spectrum curve L3 (lambda), the fourth spectrum curve L4 (lambda), the fifth spectrum curve L5 (lambda) and the sixth spectrum curve L6 (lambda) are re-measured, or the analysis cell device, the prism system and the spectral radiometer are overhauled;

[0040] When only the first light beam attenuation coefficient curve C1 (lambda) is in the range of 200-1100nm, the first light beam attenuation coefficient curve C1 (lambda) is taken as the sixth light beam attenuation coefficient curve C6 (lambda), otherwise the first spectrum curve L1 (lambda), the second spectrum curve L2 (lambda), the third spectrum curve L3 (lambda), the fourth spectrum curve L4 (lambda), the fifth spectrum curve L5 (lambda) and the sixth spectrum curve L6 (lambda) are re-measured, or the analysis cell device, the prism system and the spectral radiometer are overhauled.

[0041] In combination with the second aspect, the value of the sixth light beam attenuation coefficient curve C6 (lambda) is sorted to obtain the minimum value C tr (λ) min of C6 (lambda) in the range of 200-1200nm.

[0042] The suspended matter concentration TSM is calculated as TSM=axC tr (λ) min +b.

[0043] In the formula, a and b are calculated by using the particle attenuation coefficient and the suspended matter concentration obtained in advance from the soil erosion monitoring area by using a binary linear equation regression method or the like.

[0044] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] The present application uses the variable range and the preferred wave band of the analysis cell device to improve the calculation accuracy from the attenuation coefficient to the suspended matter concentration. The present application is a transmission and continuous spectrum, and contains near-infrared light, so that the measurement result of this measurement method is more accurate.

[0046] The application provides a soil erosion monitoring device, which can detect soil erosion of water bodies with various components, is suitable for a dynamic range from light turbidity to extreme turbidity, solves the problem of soil erosion monitoring difficulty, and has high monitoring precision; the device utilizes a self-rotating mechanism to drive an analysis pool device to automatically rotate by a preset angle, has a short monitoring cycle of monitoring facilities, does not need to construct and maintain traditional soil and water conservation monitoring sites, has low costs such as input material and financial resources, has high automation and reliability, is free from influence of human factors, can be monitored multiple times, and improves detection frequency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0048] Figure 1 is a front view of the analysis pool device in some embodiments of the application;

[0049] Figure 2 is a right view of the analysis pool device in some embodiments of the application;

[0050] Figure 3 is a right view of the soil erosion monitoring device in some embodiments of the application;

[0051] Figure 4 is a suspended matter concentration schematic view of Hongze Lake in some embodiments of the application.

[0052] The meanings of the reference signs are as follows: 100-analysis pool device; 101-first analysis pool; 1011-first analysis intermediate part; 1012-first optical fiber; 102-second analysis pool; 1021-second analysis intermediate part; 1022-second optical fiber; 103-third analysis pool; 1031-third analysis intermediate part; 1032-third optical fiber; 104-fourth analysis pool; 105-fifth analysis pool; 106-sixth analysis pool; 200-self-rotating mechanism; 201-motor; 202-output shaft; 203-bearing; 204-flange; 205-analysis pool fixing part; 206-base; 207-fixing rod; 208-driven gear; 209-first support rod; 210-second support rod; 300-light source; 400-prism system; 500-spectroradiometer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to facilitate the technical solutions of the application, the following first describes some concepts related to the application.

[0054] Referring to Figure 1 , the application refers to Figure 1The application provides a soil and water loss monitoring device, which comprises a self-rotating mechanism 200, an analysis pool device 100 arranged on the self-rotating mechanism 200 to rotate with the self-rotating mechanism 200 by a preset angle, a light source 300 arranged on one side of the analysis pool device 100, a prism system 400 arranged between the light source 300 and the analysis pool device 100, and a spectral radiometer 500 electrically connected to the analysis pool device 100. The self-rotating mechanism 200 drives the analysis pool device 100 to rotate by a preset angle, so that the spectral curves of different analysis pools in the analysis pool device 100 can be measured.

[0055] In the embodiment of the application, the analysis pool device 100 comprises a first analysis pool 101, a second analysis pool 102, a third analysis pool 103, a fourth analysis pool 104, a fifth analysis pool 105 and a sixth analysis pool 106 which are sequentially and fixedly connected in a ring shape, the water light path of the first analysis pool 101 is < the water light path of the second analysis pool 102 < the water light path of the third analysis pool 103 < the water light path of the fourth analysis pool 104 < the water light path of the fifth analysis pool 105 and the sixth analysis pool 106. In the application, the water light path is set to have a gradient, so that the suspended matter in different concentration ranges can be accurately measured, the dynamic range from light turbidity to extreme turbidity is suitable, the problem of soil and water loss monitoring difficulty is solved, the monitoring precision is high, the device is automatically rotated by the self-rotating mechanism by a preset angle, the monitoring period of the monitoring facility is short, the traditional soil and water conservation monitoring station does not need to be constructed and maintained, the cost of investment of material and financial resources is low, the degree of automation of the monitoring is high, the reliability is high, the influence of human factors is eliminated, the monitoring can be performed multiple times, and the detection frequency is improved.

[0056] In the embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 2 The first analysis pool 101 comprises a first analysis intermediate part 1011 and a first optical fiber 1012 fixedly connected to the first analysis intermediate part 1011, the first optical fiber 1012 is located on the side of the first analysis intermediate part 1011 away from the prism system 400, the first analysis intermediate part 1011 is free of water sample, and the spectral radiometer 500 is electrically connected to the first optical fiber 1012. The first analysis pool 101 is arranged to measure the spectral curve in the set light path, so that the suspended matter in different concentration ranges can be accurately measured.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the second analysis pool 102 comprises a second analysis intermediate 1021 and a second optical fiber 1022 fixedly connected to the second analysis intermediate 1021, the second optical fiber 1022 is located at the side of the second analysis intermediate 1021 away from the prism system 400, and the spectroradiometer 500 is electrically connected to the second optical fiber 1022. The second analysis pool 102 is arranged in the present application to measure the spectral curve in a set optical path, and to prepare for accurate measurement of suspended matters in different concentration ranges.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, the third analysis pool 103 comprises a third analysis intermediate 1031 and a third optical fiber 1032 fixedly connected to the third analysis intermediate 1031, the third optical fiber 1032 is located at the side of the third analysis intermediate 1031 away from the prism system 400, and the spectroradiometer 500 is electrically connected to the third optical fiber 1032. The third analysis pool 103 is arranged in the present application to measure the spectral curve in a set optical path, and to prepare for accurate measurement of suspended matters in different concentration ranges.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present application, the fourth analysis pool 104 comprises a fourth analysis intermediate and a fourth optical fiber fixedly connected to the fourth analysis intermediate, the fourth optical fiber is located at the side of the fourth analysis intermediate away from the prism system 400, and the spectroradiometer 500 is electrically connected to the fourth optical fiber. The fourth analysis pool 104 is arranged in the present application to measure the spectral curve in a set optical path, and to prepare for accurate measurement of suspended matters in different concentration ranges.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, the fifth analysis pool 105 comprises a fifth analysis intermediate and a fifth optical fiber fixedly connected to the fifth analysis intermediate, the fifth optical fiber is located at the side of the fifth analysis intermediate away from the prism system 400, and the spectroradiometer 500 is electrically connected to the fifth optical fiber; the sixth analysis pool 106 comprises a sixth analysis intermediate fixedly connected to the fifth analysis intermediate and the first analysis intermediate. The fifth analysis pool 105 and the sixth analysis pool 106 are arranged in the present application to measure the spectral curve in a set optical path, and to prepare for accurate measurement of suspended matters in different concentration ranges.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the length of the first optical fiber 1012 is 5 centimeters, the length of the second optical fiber 1022 is 4.7 centimeters, the length of the third optical fiber 1032 is 4.3 centimeters, the length of the fourth optical fiber is 4.0 centimeters, and the length of the fifth optical fiber is 3 centimeters.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, as Figure 3As shown, the self-rotating mechanism 200 comprises a motor 201, a bearing 203, a flange plate 204, an analysis pool fixing piece 205 and a base 206, the motor 201 is transversely arranged on the base 206 through the bearing 203, the base 206 is provided with a motor through hole matched with the motor 201, the analysis pool fixing piece 205 is fixedly arranged on an output shaft 202 of the motor 201 through the flange plate 204, and the analysis pool fixing piece 205 is provided with analysis pool grooves matched with the first analysis pool 101, the second analysis pool 102, the third analysis pool 103, the fourth analysis pool 104, the fifth analysis pool 105 and the sixth analysis pool 106. The base 206 is used for stably supporting the motor 201 and the bearing 203, the motor 201 drives the output shaft to rotate, thereby driving the flange plate 204, the analysis pool fixing piece 205 and the analysis pool device 100 to rotate, the self-rotating mechanism is used for driving the analysis pool device to automatically rotate by a preset angle, the spectrum curve in each analysis pool is automatically collected, the influence of human factors is avoided, the detection frequency is improved, and the analysis pool device 100 can be repeatedly monitored.

[0063] In the embodiment of the application, the self-rotating mechanism 200 further comprises a fixed rod 207 located below the output shaft 202, a driven gear 208 located below the analysis pool fixing piece 205, a first supporting rod 209 and a second supporting rod 210, one end of the fixed rod 207 is transversely fixedly arranged on the base 206 through the first supporting rod 209 and the second supporting rod 210, the driven gear 208 is rotatably arranged on the fixed rod 207, and the outer surface of the analysis pool fixing piece 205 is provided with a sawtooth groove in the form of an annular distribution matched with the driven gear 208. The first supporting rod 209 and the second supporting rod 210 are used for fixing the fixed rod 207, the driven gear 208 is used for rotating with the rotation of the analysis pool fixing piece 205, the lower end of the analysis pool fixing piece 205 is supported, and the whole device is stably operated.

[0064] The light source emits a light beam, which passes through the first analysis cell by using a prism system. The analysis cell is connected by a 5 cm optical fiber directly. The first spectral curve of the light beam is obtained by using a spectral radiometer. The light beam passes through the second analysis cell by using the prism system. The water light path Z1 of the analysis cell is 0.3 cm. The remaining 4.7 cm optical fiber is connected directly. The second spectral curve of the light beam is obtained by using a spectral radiometer. The light beam passes through the third analysis cell by using the prism system. The water light path Z2 of the analysis cell is 0.7 cm. The remaining 4.3 cm optical fiber is connected directly. The third spectral curve L3(λ) of the light beam is obtained by using a spectral radiometer. The light beam passes through the fourth analysis cell by using the prism system. The water light path Z3 of the analysis cell is 1.0 cm. The remaining 4.0 cm optical fiber is connected directly. The fourth spectral curve L4(λ) of the light beam is obtained by using a spectral radiometer. The light beam passes through the fifth analysis cell by using the prism system. The water light path Z4 of the analysis cell is 2 cm. The remaining 3 cm optical fiber is connected directly. The fifth spectral curve L5(λ) of the light beam is obtained by using a spectral radiometer. The light beam passes through the sixth analysis cell by using the prism system. The water light path Z5 of the analysis cell is 5 cm. The sixth spectral curve L6(λ) of the light beam is obtained by using a spectral radiometer. Since the optical fiber itself has very small light loss, which can be ignored, the analysis of the second to sixth analysis cells can obtain the first to fifth light beam attenuation coefficients C1(λ), C2(λ), C3(λ), C4(λ) and C5(λ). The first to fifth light beam attenuation coefficient curves C1(λ), C2(λ), C3(λ), C4(λ) and C5(λ) are calculated by using the first to sixth spectral curves L1(λ), L2(λ), L3(λ), L4(λ), L5(λ) and L6(λ):

[0065]

[0066]

[0067]

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] In the formula, λ is the wavelength, λ ranges from 200 to 1100 nm, Z1 is the water light path of the second analysis intermediate, Z2 is the water light path of the third analysis intermediate, Z3 is the water light path of the fourth analysis intermediate, Z4 is the water light path of the fifth analysis intermediate, and Z5 is the water light path of the sixth analysis intermediate.

[0071] When only C1(λ), C2(λ), C3(λ), C4(λ) and C5(λ) are within the range of 200-1100 nm, if the values of the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ), the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ), the third beam attenuation coefficient curve C3(λ), the fourth beam attenuation coefficient curve C4(λ) and the fifth beam attenuation coefficient curve C5(λ) are the same for three or more, then any one of the three or more same values is taken as the sixth beam attenuation coefficient curve C6(λ);

[0072] When only C1(λ), C2(λ), C3(λ) and C4(λ) are within the range of 200-1100 nm, if the values of the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ), the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ), the third beam attenuation coefficient curve C3(λ) and the fourth beam attenuation coefficient curve C4(λ) are the same for three or more, then any one of the three or more same values is taken as the sixth beam attenuation coefficient curve C6(λ), otherwise the first spectral curve L1(λ), the second spectral curve L2(λ), the third spectral curve L3(λ), the fourth spectral curve L4(λ), the fifth spectral curve L5(λ) and the sixth spectral curve L6(λ) are re-measured, or the analysis cell device 100, the prism system 400 and the spectral radiometer 500 are overhauled;

[0073] When only C1(λ), C2(λ) and C3(λ) are within the range of 200-1100 nm, if the values of the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ), the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ) and the third beam attenuation coefficient curve C3(λ) are the same for two or more, then any one of the two or more same values is taken as the sixth beam attenuation coefficient curve C6(λ). Otherwise, the first spectral curve L1(λ), the second spectral curve L2(λ), the third spectral curve L3(λ), the fourth spectral curve L4(λ), the fifth spectral curve L5(λ) and the sixth spectral curve L6(λ) are re-measured, or the analysis cell device 100, the prism system 400 and the spectral radiometer 500 are overhauled;

[0074] When only the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ) and the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ) are in the range of 200-1100nm, if the values ​​of the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ) and the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ) are the same, then either the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ) or the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ) is taken as the sixth beam attenuation coefficient curve C6(λ). Otherwise, the first spectral curve L1(λ), ​​the second spectral curve L2(λ), the third spectral curve L3(λ), the fourth spectral curve L4(λ), the fifth spectral curve L5(λ), and the sixth spectral curve L6(λ) are remeasured, or the analysis cell device 100, the prism system 400, and the spectroradiometer 500 are inspected and repaired.

[0075] When only the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ) is in the range of 200-1100nm, the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ) is taken as the sixth beam attenuation coefficient curve C6(λ). Otherwise, the first spectral curve L1(λ), ​​the second spectral curve L2(λ), the third spectral curve L3(λ), the fourth spectral curve L4(λ), the fifth spectral curve L5(λ), and the sixth spectral curve L6(λ) are remeasured, or the analysis cell device 100, the prism system 400, and the spectroradiometer 500 are inspected and repaired.

[0076] Combining with the second aspect, the values ​​of the attenuation coefficient curve C6(λ) of the sixth beam are sorted to obtain the minimum value C6(λ) in the range of 200-1200nm. tr (λ) min Calculate the suspended solids concentration (TSM): TSM = a × C tr (λ) min +b, where a and b are obtained by constructing a two-variable linear equation using particulate matter attenuation coefficients and suspended solids concentrations pre-obtained from soil erosion monitoring areas. For example... Figure 4 As shown, data was pre-acquired from point C at the mouth of the Huai River in the Hongze Lake basin, a region under soil erosion monitoring. tr (λ) min We construct a linear equation in two variables, TSM, where a is 1.5245, b is 0.1501, and the coefficient of determination is as high as 0.82.

[0077] In this embodiment, when the water changes from clear to turbid, two changes occur. The first change is that light becomes increasingly difficult to travel over long optical paths, meaning the second analysis cell initially shows no signal. The second change is that the minimum value of the beam attenuation coefficient shifts increasingly towards longer wavelengths. In other words, the minimum value of C(λ) shifts sequentially from the blue light band to the green, red, and near-infrared bands. These two changes are due to variations in the concentration and particle size of suspended matter, which affect light absorption and scattering, ultimately reflected in the beam attenuation coefficient curve.

[0078] The spectral curve photoelectric detection is very fast, so the accurate suspended matter concentration is obtained in real time through the above device and method, and the water and soil loss is effectively monitored on line.

[0079] Each embodiment in the specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts between each embodiment can be referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes the difference from other embodiments.

[0080] Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.

[0081] The above detailed description of the application has further detailed the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effects of the application, and it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the application, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made on the basis of the technical scheme of the application should be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A soil erosion monitoring device, characterized in that, include: Self-rotating mechanism (200); The analytical cell device (100) is mounted on the self-rotating mechanism (200) to rotate a preset angle following the self-rotating mechanism (200); A light source (300) is disposed on one side of the analytical cell device (100); A prism system (400) is disposed between the light source (300) and the analysis cell device (100); A spectroradiometer (500) and an analytical cell device (100) electrically connected; The monitoring method of the soil and water loss monitoring device includes the following steps: A beam of light is emitted from a light source (300) and passes through a prism system (400) and a first analysis cell (101). The first spectral curve L1(λ) output by the first optical fiber (1012) is measured using a spectroradiometer. The self-rotating mechanism (200) drives the analysis cell device (100) to rotate by a preset angle. Light passes through the prism system (400) and the second analysis cell (102). The second spectral curve L2(λ) output by the second optical fiber (1022) is measured by the spectroradiometer. The self-rotating mechanism (200) drives the analysis cell device (100) to rotate by a preset angle. The light passes through the prism system (400) and the third analysis cell (103). The third spectral curve L3(λ) output by the third optical fiber (1032) is measured by the spectroradiometer. The self-rotating mechanism (200) drives the analysis cell device (100) to rotate by a preset angle. The light passes through the prism system (400) and the fourth analysis cell (104). The fourth spectral curve L4(λ) output by the fourth optical fiber is obtained by measuring the light using a spectroradiometer. The self-rotating mechanism (200) drives the analysis cell device (100) to rotate by a preset angle. The light passes through the prism system (400) and the fifth analysis cell (105). The fifth spectral curve L5(λ) output by the fifth optical fiber is obtained by measuring the light using a spectroradiometer. The self-rotating mechanism (200) drives the analysis cell device (100) to rotate by a preset angle. The light passes through the prism system (400) and the sixth analysis cell (106). The sixth spectral curve L6(λ) output by the sixth optical fiber is obtained by measuring the light using a spectroradiometer. Using the first spectral curve L1(λ), ​​the second spectral curve L2(λ), the third spectral curve L3(λ), the fourth spectral curve L4(λ), the fifth spectral curve L5(λ), and the sixth spectral curve L6(λ), the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ), ​​the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ), the third beam attenuation coefficient curve C3(λ), the fourth beam attenuation coefficient curve C4(λ), and the fifth beam attenuation coefficient curve C5(λ) are calculated: In the formula, λ is the wavelength, which ranges from 200 to 1100 nm, Z1 is the optical path length through water for the second analysis intermediate (1021), Z2 is the optical path length through water for the third analysis intermediate (1031), Z3 is the optical path length through water for the fourth analysis intermediate, Z4 is the optical path length through water for the fifth analysis intermediate, and Z5 is the optical path length through water for the sixth analysis intermediate. When only C1(λ), ​​C2(λ), C3(λ), C4(λ), and C5(λ) are all in the range of 200-1100nm, if three or more of the values ​​of the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ), ​​the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ), the third beam attenuation coefficient curve C3(λ), the fourth beam attenuation coefficient curve C4(λ), and the fifth beam attenuation coefficient curve C5(λ) are the same, then any one of the three or more identical values ​​shall be taken as the sixth beam attenuation coefficient curve C6(λ). When only the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ), ​​the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ), the third beam attenuation coefficient curve C3(λ), and the fourth beam attenuation coefficient curve C4(λ) are in the range of 200-1100nm, if three or more of the values ​​of the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ), ​​the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ), the third beam attenuation coefficient curve C3(λ), and the fourth beam attenuation coefficient curve C4(λ) are the same, then any one of the three or more identical values ​​shall be taken as the sixth beam attenuation coefficient curve C6(λ). Otherwise, the first spectral curve L1(λ), ​​the second spectral curve L2(λ), the third spectral curve L3(λ), the fourth spectral curve L4(λ), the fifth spectral curve L5(λ), and the sixth spectral curve L6(λ) shall be remeasured, or the analysis cell device (100), the prism system (400), and the spectroradiometer (500) shall be inspected and repaired. When only the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ), ​​the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ), and the third beam attenuation coefficient curve C3(λ) are in the range of 200-1100nm, if two or more of the values ​​of the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ), ​​the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ), and the third beam attenuation coefficient curve C3(λ) are the same, then any one of the two or more values ​​shall be taken as the sixth beam attenuation coefficient curve C6(λ). Otherwise, the first spectral curve L1(λ), ​​the second spectral curve L2(λ), the third spectral curve L3(λ), the fourth spectral curve L4(λ), the fifth spectral curve L5(λ), and the sixth spectral curve L6(λ) shall be remeasured, or the analysis cell device (100), the prism system (400), and the spectroradiometer (500) shall be inspected and repaired. When only the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ) and the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ) are in the range of 200-1100nm, if the value of the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ) and the value of the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ) are the same, then either the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ) or the second beam attenuation coefficient curve C2(λ) is taken as the sixth beam attenuation coefficient curve C6(λ). Otherwise, the first spectral curve L1(λ), ​​the second spectral curve L2(λ), the third spectral curve L3(λ), the fourth spectral curve L4(λ), the fifth spectral curve L5(λ) and the sixth spectral curve L6(λ) are remeasured, or the analysis cell device (100), the prism system (400) and the spectroradiometer (500) are inspected. When only the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ) is in the range of 200-1100nm, the first beam attenuation coefficient curve C1(λ) is taken as the sixth beam attenuation coefficient curve C6(λ). Otherwise, the first spectral curve L1(λ), ​​the second spectral curve L2(λ), the third spectral curve L3(λ), the fourth spectral curve L4(λ), the fifth spectral curve L5(λ), and the sixth spectral curve L6(λ) are remeasured, or the analysis cell device (100), the prism system (400), and the spectroradiometer (500) are inspected. The values ​​of the attenuation coefficient curve C6(λ) of the sixth beam were sorted, and the minimum value C6(λ) in the range of 200-1200nm was obtained. tr (λ) min ; Calculate the suspended solids concentration (TSM): TSM=a×C tr (l) min +b, In the formula, a and b are obtained by regression method using particulate matter attenuation coefficient and suspended matter concentration pre-obtained from the soil erosion monitoring area to construct a two-variable linear equation.

2. The soil and water loss monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analytical cell device (100) includes a first analytical cell (101), a second analytical cell (102), a third analytical cell (103), a fourth analytical cell (104), a fifth analytical cell (105), and a sixth analytical cell (106) arranged in a ring. The first analytical cell (101), the second analytical cell (102), the third analytical cell (103), the fourth analytical cell (104), the fifth analytical cell (105), and the sixth analytical cell (106) are fixedly connected end to end in sequence.

3. The soil and water loss monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first analysis cell (101) includes a first analysis intermediate (1011) and a first optical fiber (1012) fixedly connected to the first analysis intermediate (1011). The first optical fiber (1012) is located on the side of the first analysis intermediate (1011) away from the prism system (400). There is no water sample in the first analysis intermediate (1011). The spectroradiometer (500) is electrically connected to the first optical fiber (1012).

4. The soil and water loss monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second analysis cell (102) includes a second analysis intermediate (1021) and a second optical fiber (1022) fixedly connected to the second analysis intermediate (1021). The second optical fiber (1022) is located on the side of the second analysis intermediate (1021) away from the prism system (400). The optical path length of the second analysis intermediate (1021) through water is 0.3 cm. The spectroradiometer (500) is electrically connected to the second optical fiber (1022). The third analysis cell (103) includes a third analysis intermediate (1031) and a third optical fiber (1032) fixedly connected to the third analysis intermediate (1031). The third optical fiber (1032) is located on the side of the third analysis intermediate (1031) away from the prism system (400). The optical path length of the third analysis intermediate (1031) through water is 0.7 cm. The spectroradiometer (500) is electrically connected to the third optical fiber (1032).

5. A soil and water loss monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fourth analysis cell (104) includes a fourth analysis intermediate and a fourth optical fiber fixedly connected to the fourth analysis intermediate. The fourth optical fiber is located on the side of the fourth analysis intermediate away from the prism system (400). The water-passage optical path of the fourth analysis intermediate is 1.0 cm. The spectroradiometer (500) is electrically connected to the fourth optical fiber.

6. A soil and water loss monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fifth analysis cell (105) includes a fifth analysis intermediate and a fifth optical fiber fixedly connected to the fifth analysis intermediate. The fifth optical fiber is located on the side of the fifth analysis intermediate away from the prism system (400). The optical path length of the fifth analysis intermediate through water is 2 cm. The spectroradiometer (500) is electrically connected to the fifth optical fiber. The sixth analysis cell (106) includes a sixth analysis intermediate, the optical path length of which is 5 cm. The first optical fiber (1012) is 5 cm long, the second optical fiber (1022) is 4.7 cm long, the third optical fiber (1032) is 4.3 cm long, the fourth optical fiber is 4.0 cm long, and the fifth optical fiber is 3 cm long.

7. A soil and water loss monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The self-rotating mechanism (200) includes a motor (201), a bearing (203), a flange (204), an analytical cell fixing component (205), and a base (206). The motor (201) is horizontally mounted on the base (206) via the bearing (203). The base (206) has a motor through hole for engaging the motor (201). The analytical cell fixing component (205) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft (202) of the motor (201) via the flange (204). The analytical cell fixing component (205) has analytical cell grooves for engaging the first analytical cell (101), the second analytical cell (102), the third analytical cell (103), the fourth analytical cell (104), the fifth analytical cell (105), and the sixth analytical cell (106).

8. A soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The self-rotating mechanism (200) also includes a fixed rod (207) located below the output shaft (202), a driven gear (208) located below the analytical cell fixture (205), a first support rod (209), and a second support rod (210). One end of the fixed rod (207) is horizontally fixed on the base (206) through the first support rod (209) and the second support rod (210). The driven gear (208) is rotatably mounted on the fixed rod (207). The outer surface of the analytical cell fixture (205) has annularly distributed sawtooth grooves that mesh with the driven gear (208).

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