An apparatus and method for preventing catalyst plugging in an SCR reactor

Abstract

The application discloses a device and method for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor, which divides a cross section of the SCR reactor into a plurality of grid units along an X direction and a Y direction, arranges a first layer of guide plates composed of a plurality of guide plates capable of rotating at an angle along the X direction, a second layer of guide plates composed of a plurality of guide plates capable of rotating at an angle along the Y direction and a plurality of flue gas flow rate detection devices in the reactor; along the airflow direction, the first layer of guide plates, the second layer of guide plates, an SCR catalyst layer and the flue gas flow rate detection devices are sequentially arranged, and the flue gas flow rate detection devices are arranged at the center positions of each grid unit and used for detecting the flue gas flow rate after passing through the catalyst bed layer. The application measures the airflow speed of different grid areas, judges the catalyst blockage condition of the area, increases the flue gas flow rate of the area by adjusting the corresponding guide plate of the area, thereby flushing away the existing dust, preventing the catalyst from being further blocked and improving the SCR denitration efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of industrial flue gas SCR denitrification technology, specifically relating to a device and method for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor. Background Technology

[0002] SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) technology is currently widely used in power plants, metallurgy, coking, cement and other industrial fields. During the use of SCR systems, due to factors such as internal flow field deviation, uneven dust concentration in flue gas, and large amount of dust in flue gas, the catalyst channels are easily blocked by dust, which leads to a decrease in SCR denitrification efficiency.

[0003] Currently, the engineering approach mainly prevents catalyst blockage in SCR reactors through two methods. First, dust collection equipment such as cyclone dust collectors, electrostatic dust collectors, and bag dust collectors are installed in front of the reactor to reduce the dust concentration in the flue gas. Second, soot blowing equipment such as steam soot blowing, compressed air soot blowing, and sonic soot blowing is installed on the upper part of the catalyst bed.

[0004] Setting up dust collection equipment before the SCR reactor increases system investment and additional system resistance. Furthermore, since high-temperature and medium-temperature SCR reactions need to be carried out in the range of 200-350℃, the operational reliability of the dust collection equipment will also decrease under this temperature condition, and the equipment operation and maintenance costs will increase. The problem with setting up steam, compressed air, sonic blowing equipment is that it will consume additional compressed air and steam, increasing operating costs significantly. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device and method for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor, by increasing the local air velocity system in the reactor through a variable-angle baffle plate, thereby cleaning the catalyst ash accumulation in that area.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a device for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor, wherein the cross section of the SCR reactor is divided into multiple grid units along the X and Y directions in a grid pattern, and a first layer of guide plates composed of multiple rotatable guide plates along the X direction, a second layer of guide plates composed of multiple rotatable guide plates along the Y direction, and multiple flue gas velocity detection devices are arranged in the reactor; along the airflow direction, the sequence is: first layer of guide plates, second layer of guide plates, SCR catalyst layer, and flue gas velocity detection devices, with the flue gas velocity detection devices arranged at the center of each grid unit to detect the flue gas velocity after passing through the catalyst bed.

[0007] The first layer of the guide vane has its blades rotating at the common edge of the grid cells in the X direction. By adjusting the blade deflection angle, the airflow ratio between two adjacent grid cells in the X direction is changed. The second layer of the guide vane has its blades rotating at the common edge of the grid cells in the Y direction. By adjusting the blade deflection angle, the airflow ratio between two adjacent grid cells in the Y direction is changed.

[0008] Each deflector has a two-section structure. The upper movable deflector is straight or curved and is equipped with a blade rotation angle adjustment device, which includes a rotation shaft and an angle adjustment motor. The rotation angle of the movable deflector is adjusted by the rotation shaft and the angle adjustment motor. The lower fixed deflector is straight, with a fixed direction and parallel to the airflow direction.

[0009] The width of the movable guide plate is 0.3 to 0.55 times the distance between the rotating shafts of adjacent guide plates, the width of the fixed guide plate is 0.2 to 1 times the width of the movable guide plate, and the maximum deflection angle of the movable guide plate is 30° to 60° with respect to the flue gas direction.

[0010] The flue gas velocity detection device is a differential pressure velocity meter, a hot-wire anemometer, or a rotary anemometer. The flue gas velocity detection device is located below the SCR catalyst layer, 100-500 mm away from the lower surface of the SCR catalyst layer.

[0011] A method for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor includes the following steps:

[0012] (1) Divide the cross section of the SCR reactor into multiple grid units along the X and Y directions in a grid pattern. Arrange a first layer of guide plates along the X direction consisting of multiple guide plates that can rotate at different angles, a second layer of guide plates along the Y direction consisting of multiple guide plates that can rotate at different angles, and multiple flue gas velocity detection devices in sequence along the airflow direction. The sequence is: first layer of guide plates, second layer of guide plates, SCR catalyst layer, and flue gas velocity detection device. The flue gas velocity detection device is arranged at the center of each grid unit to check the flue gas velocity after passing through the catalyst bed.

[0013] (2) At a certain moment, record the deflection angle of each guide vane and take it as the initial state. Simultaneously measure and record the flow velocity V of all grid cells through the flue gas velocity detection device. n Calculate the average flow velocity V across the cross section. 平均 And calculate the velocity deviation coefficient α of each grid cell. n where n is the number of grid cells:

[0014] V 平均 = (V1+V2+V3+……V n ) / n

[0015] α n=V n / V 平均

[0016] (3) If all grids simultaneously satisfy the velocity deviation coefficient α n If the value is ≥0.85, it is considered that the catalyst has not been blocked. The rotation angle of each guide plate remains in its initial state. After an interval of 30 minutes to 1 hour, the next judgment and adjustment cycle is entered, and step (2) is repeated.

[0017] (4) If the velocity deviation coefficient α n If the value is less than 0.85, the catalyst in the grid unit is determined to be clogged. The deflection angles of the guide vanes in the X and Y directions of the grid unit are adjusted to increase the air intake of the grid unit, thereby increasing the gas velocity. After the deflection angles of the guide vanes are adjusted, the gas velocity V of the grid unit is measured and recorded every minute. n When V n If the current minute data is less than 1.05 times the previous minute data, or if 30-60 minutes have passed since the deflection angle adjustment of the guide vanes, it is determined that the blockage of the grid unit has been cleared, and each guide vane returns to its initial deflection angle, ending the adjustment cycle. After an interval of 30 minutes to 1 hour, the next adjustment cycle is entered, and step (2) is returned to continue monitoring V. n and α n .

[0018] The first layer of the guide vane has its blades rotating at the common edge of the grid cells in the X direction. By adjusting the blade deflection angle, the airflow ratio between two adjacent grid cells in the X direction is changed. The second layer of the guide vane has its blades rotating at the common edge of the grid cells in the Y direction. By adjusting the blade deflection angle, the airflow ratio between two adjacent grid cells in the Y direction is changed.

[0019] Each deflector has a two-section structure. The upper movable deflector is straight or arc-shaped and is equipped with a blade rotation angle adjustment device, which includes a rotation shaft and an angle adjustment motor. The rotation angle of the movable deflector is adjusted by the rotation shaft and the angle adjustment motor. The lower fixed deflector is straight and its direction is fixed parallel to the airflow direction.

[0020] In step (4), when multiple grid cells are blocked, the deflector is adjusted sequentially according to the grid cell order.

[0021] The width of the movable guide plate is 0.3 to 0.55 times the distance between the rotating shafts of adjacent guide plates, the width of the fixed guide plate is 0.2 to 1 times the width of the movable guide plate, and the maximum deflection angle of the movable guide plate is 30° to 60° with respect to the flue gas direction.

[0022] The flue gas velocity detection device includes a differential pressure velocity meter, a hot-wire anemometer, or a rotary anemometer. The flue gas velocity detection device is located below the catalyst layer, 100-500 mm from the lower surface of the catalyst layer.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are: avoiding the technical defects of poor reliability and high operating costs of existing SCR catalyst anti-clogging technologies. This invention divides the reactor cross-section into grids, measures the airflow velocity in different grid areas to determine the catalyst clogging status in that area, and increases the flue gas velocity in that area by adjusting the corresponding guide plate, thereby flushing away the accumulated ash, preventing further catalyst clogging, and thus improving the SCR denitrification efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the SCR reactor cross-section grid division provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the guide plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the method for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the device for preventing catalyst blockage in the SCR reactor of the present invention divides the cross section of the SCR reactor into multiple grid units along the X and Y directions in a grid pattern. Inside the reactor, a first layer of guide plates 1 consisting of multiple guide plates capable of rotation along the X direction, a second layer of guide plates 2 consisting of multiple guide plates capable of rotation along the Y direction, and multiple flue gas velocity detection devices 4 are arranged. Along the airflow direction, the sequence is: first layer of guide plates 1, second layer of guide plates 2, SCR catalyst layer 3, and flue gas velocity detection devices 4. The flue gas velocity detection devices 4 are arranged at the center of each grid unit to check the flue gas velocity after passing through the catalyst bed.

[0032] The first layer of the guide vane 1 has its blades rotating at the common edge of the grid cells in the X direction. By adjusting the blade deflection angle, the airflow ratio of two adjacent grid cells in the X direction is changed. The second layer of the guide vane 2 has its blades rotating at the common edge of two adjacent grid cells in the Y direction. By adjusting the blade deflection angle, the airflow ratio of two adjacent grid cells in the Y direction is changed.

[0033] Each guide vane has a two-section structure. The upper movable guide vane 5 is straight or arc-shaped and is equipped with a blade rotation angle adjustment device. The blade rotation angle adjustment device includes a rotating shaft 9 and an angle adjustment motor 7. The rotation angle of the movable guide vane is adjusted by the rotating shaft 9 and the angle adjustment motor. The lower fixed guide vane 8 is straight, with a fixed direction and parallel to the airflow direction.

[0034] The width of the movable guide plate 5 is 0.3 to 0.55 times the distance between the rotating shafts of adjacent guide plates 9, the width of the fixed guide plate 8 is 0.2 to 1 times the width of the movable guide plate 5, and the maximum deflection angle of the movable guide plate 5 is 30° to 60° with respect to the flue gas direction.

[0035] The flue gas velocity detection device 4 is a differential pressure velocity meter, a hot-wire anemometer, or a rotary anemometer. The flue gas velocity detection device is located below the SCR catalyst layer, 100-500 mm away from the lower surface of the SCR catalyst layer.

[0036] like Figure 4As shown, the method for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0037] (1) Divide the cross section of the SCR reactor into multiple grid units along the X and Y directions in a grid pattern. Arrange a first layer of guide plates along the X direction consisting of multiple guide plates that can rotate at different angles, a second layer of guide plates along the Y direction consisting of multiple guide plates that can rotate at different angles, and multiple flue gas velocity detection devices in sequence along the airflow direction. The sequence is: first layer of guide plates, second layer of guide plates, SCR catalyst layer, and flue gas velocity detection device. The flue gas velocity detection device is arranged at the center of each grid unit to check the flue gas velocity after passing through the catalyst bed.

[0038] (2) At a certain moment, record the deflection angle of each guide vane and take it as the initial state. Simultaneously measure and record the flow velocity V of all grid cells through the flue gas velocity detection device. n Calculate the average flow velocity V across the cross section. 平均 And calculate the velocity deviation coefficient α of each grid cell. n where n is the number of grid cells:

[0039] V 平均 = (V1+V2+V3+……V n ) / n

[0040] α n =V n / V 平均

[0041] (3) If all grids simultaneously satisfy the velocity deviation coefficient α n If the value is ≥0.85, it is considered that the catalyst has not been blocked. The rotation angle of each guide plate remains in its initial state. After an interval of 30 minutes to 1 hour, the next judgment and adjustment cycle is entered, and step (2) is repeated.

[0042] (4) If the velocity deviation coefficient α n If the value is less than 0.85, the catalyst in the grid unit is determined to be clogged. The deflection angles of the guide vanes in the X and Y directions of the grid unit are adjusted to increase the air intake of the grid unit, thereby increasing the gas velocity. After the deflection angles of the guide vanes are adjusted, the gas velocity V of the grid unit is measured and recorded every minute. n When V n If the current minute data is less than 1.05 times the previous minute data, or if 30-60 minutes have passed since the deflection angle adjustment of the guide vanes, it is determined that the blockage of the grid unit has been cleared, and each guide vane returns to its initial deflection angle, ending the adjustment cycle. After an interval of 30 minutes to 1 hour, the next adjustment cycle is entered, and step (2) is returned to continue monitoring V. n and α n .

[0043] The first layer of the guide vane has its blades rotating at the common edge of the grid cells in the X direction. By adjusting the blade deflection angle, the airflow ratio between two adjacent grid cells in the X direction is changed. The second layer of the guide vane has its blades rotating at the common edge of the grid cells in the Y direction. By adjusting the blade deflection angle, the airflow ratio between two adjacent grid cells in the Y direction is changed.

[0044] Each deflector has a two-section structure. The upper movable deflector is straight or arc-shaped and is equipped with a blade rotation angle adjustment device, which includes a rotation shaft and an angle adjustment motor. The rotation angle of the movable deflector is adjusted by the rotation shaft and the angle adjustment motor. The lower fixed deflector is straight and its direction is fixed parallel to the airflow direction.

[0045] In step (4), when multiple grid cells are blocked, the deflector is adjusted sequentially according to the grid cell order.

[0046] The width of the movable guide plate is 0.3 to 0.55 times the distance between the rotating shafts of adjacent guide plates, the width of the fixed guide plate is 0.2 to 1 times the width of the movable guide plate, and the maximum deflection angle of the movable guide plate is 30° to 60° with respect to the flue gas direction.

[0047] The flue gas velocity detection device includes a differential pressure velocity meter, a hot-wire anemometer, or a rotary anemometer. The flue gas velocity detection device is located below the catalyst layer, 100-500 mm from the lower surface of the catalyst layer.

[0048] This invention addresses the issue of catalyst blockage in SCR systems by adjusting the angle of corresponding guide vanes to increase airflow velocity in a specific area, thus preventing further blockage. This ensures that the SCR system's denitrification efficiency does not decrease due to catalyst blockage. The system utilizes its own flue gas to reorganize the airflow, achieving catalyst blockage prevention without increasing system resistance or consuming additional materials such as compressed air or steam, resulting in low operating costs.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] A cement plant's SCR denitrification unit uses a standard catalyst module box (module box dimensions: length 1850mm, width 960mm, height 1300mm), with 20 catalyst modules placed in each catalyst layer in a 4*5 configuration. The reactor cross-sectional dimensions are 7400mm*4800mm.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, this catalyst reactor is divided into 20 grid areas according to the size and location of the catalyst module box, with each grid area corresponding to a module box location.

[0052] like Figure 3As shown, an angle adjustment actuator is arranged along the X direction, and the unit includes a first-layer guide plate 1 (X1-X3), which is located at the junction of the catalyst module box along the X direction. An angle adjustment actuator is arranged along the Y direction, and the unit includes a second-layer guide plate 2 (Y1-Y4), which is also located at the junction of the catalyst module box along the Y direction.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, each guide vane has a two-section structure. The upper movable guide vane 5 is straight or arc-shaped and is equipped with a blade rotation angle adjustment device. The blade rotation angle adjustment device includes a rotation shaft 6 and an angle adjustment motor 7. The rotation angle of the movable guide vane 5 is adjusted by the rotation shaft 6 and the angle adjustment motor 7. The lower fixed guide vane 8 is straight and its direction is fixed parallel to the airflow direction.

[0054] The width of the movable guide plate 5 is 0.3 to 0.55 times the distance between the rotating shafts of adjacent guide plates, and the width of the fixed guide plate 8 is 0.2 to 1 times the width of the movable guide plate. The maximum deflection angle of the guide plate is 30° to 60° with respect to the flue gas direction.

[0055] A flow rate measuring device (differential pressure flow meter, hot wire anemometer, or rotary anemometer, etc.) is installed at the geometric center of each grid. The measuring device is located below the catalyst layer, 100-500 mm from the lower surface of the catalyst layer.

[0056] When the SCR equipment is operating normally, the flue gas is evenly distributed in all areas of the reactor cross section, and no blockage occurs in any catalyst module.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, the system enters the judgment-adjustment cycle, and the flow velocity measurement device measures the flow velocity V1-V in each grid area. 20 Calculate V 平均 V 平均＝ (V1+V2+V3+……V 20 ) / 20

[0058] Calculate the velocity deviation coefficient α1-α for each grid region. 20 α n =V n / V 平均 Assuming the velocity deviation coefficient α6 of grid region 6 is less than 0.85, the system determines that catalyst ash accumulation has occurred in grid region 6.

[0059] Adjust the relevant guide vanes X1, Y1, and Y2 in grid region 6 to increase the air intake area of ​​grid region 6. At this time, the inlet air volume of grid region 6 increases, and the inlet air velocity of the catalyst in this grid increases.

[0060] As the high-speed airflow continues to scour, the dust accumulation on the catalyst in grid area 6 gradually decreases. During this process, the flow rate V6 is collected every 30-60 seconds. V6 gradually increases. When the current minute data of V6 is less than 1.05 times the previous minute data (or 30-60 minutes after the baffle plate has been adjusted), the system determines that the blockage in the grid area has been cleared.

[0061] The system determines that the adjustment cycle has ended and the guide vane has returned to its initial state.

[0062] After an interval of 30 minutes to 1 hour, the system will enter the next judgment-adjustment cycle.

[0063] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical ideas and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. The patent scope of the present invention should not be limited by these embodiments. That is, all equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention still fall within the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor, characterized in that, The cross-section of the SCR reactor is divided into multiple grid cells along the X and Y directions. Inside the reactor, a first layer of guide plates consisting of multiple rotatable guide plates along the X direction and a second layer of guide plates consisting of multiple rotatable guide plates along the Y direction are arranged, along with multiple flue gas velocity detection devices. Along the airflow direction, the sequence is: first layer of guide plates, second layer of guide plates, SCR catalyst layer, and flue gas velocity detection devices. The flue gas velocity detection devices are located at the center of each grid cell to check the flue gas velocity after passing through the catalyst bed. Measuring the airflow velocity in different grid areas determines the catalyst blockage in that area. By adjusting the guide plates corresponding to that area, the flue gas velocity in that area is increased, flushing away the accumulated ash and preventing further catalyst blockage. The first layer of the guide vane has its blades rotating at the common edge of the grid cells in the X direction. By adjusting the blade deflection angle, the airflow ratio between two adjacent grid cells in the X direction is changed. The second layer of the guide vane has its blades rotating at the common edge of the grid cells in the Y direction. By adjusting the blade deflection angle, the airflow ratio between two adjacent grid cells in the Y direction is changed. Each deflector has a two-section structure. The upper movable deflector is straight or curved and is equipped with a blade rotation angle adjustment device, which includes a rotation shaft and an angle adjustment motor. The rotation angle of the movable deflector is adjusted by the rotation shaft and the angle adjustment motor. The lower fixed deflector is straight, with a fixed direction and parallel to the airflow direction.

2. The device for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the movable guide plate is 0.3 to 0.55 times the distance between the rotating shafts of adjacent guide plates, the width of the fixed guide plate is 0.2 to 1 times the width of the movable guide plate, and the maximum deflection angle of the movable guide plate is 30° to 60° with respect to the flue gas direction.

3. The device for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas velocity detection device is a differential pressure velocity meter, a hot-wire anemometer, or a rotary anemometer. The flue gas velocity detection device is located below the SCR catalyst layer, 100-500 mm away from the lower surface of the SCR catalyst layer.

4. A method for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Divide the cross section of the SCR reactor into multiple grid units along the X and Y directions in a grid pattern. Arrange a first layer of guide plates along the X direction consisting of multiple guide plates that can rotate at different angles, a second layer of guide plates along the Y direction consisting of multiple guide plates that can rotate at different angles, and multiple flue gas velocity detection devices in sequence along the airflow direction. The sequence is: first layer of guide plates, second layer of guide plates, SCR catalyst layer, and flue gas velocity detection device. The flue gas velocity detection device is arranged at the center of each grid unit to check the flue gas velocity after passing through the catalyst bed. (2) At a certain moment, record the deflection angle of each guide vane and take it as the initial state. Simultaneously measure and record the flow velocity V of all grid cells through the flue gas velocity detection device. n Calculate the average flow velocity V across the cross section. 平均 And calculate the velocity deviation coefficient α of each grid cell. n where n is the number of grid cells: V 平均 =(V1+V2+V3+……V n ) / n α n =V n / V 平均 (3) If all grids simultaneously satisfy the velocity deviation coefficient α n If the value is ≥0.85, it is considered that the catalyst has not been blocked. The rotation angle of each guide plate remains in its initial state. After an interval of 30 minutes to 1 hour, the next judgment and adjustment cycle is entered, and step (2) is repeated. (4) If the flow velocity deviation coefficient α n If the value is less than 0.85, the catalyst in the grid unit is determined to be clogged. The deflection angles of the guide vanes in the X and Y directions of the grid unit are adjusted to increase the air intake of the grid unit, thereby increasing the gas velocity. After the deflection angles of the guide vanes are adjusted, the gas velocity V of the grid unit is measured and recorded every minute. n When V n If the current minute data is less than 1.05 times the previous minute data, or if 30-60 minutes have passed since the deflection angle adjustment of the guide vanes, it is determined that the blockage of the grid unit has been cleared, and each guide vane returns to its initial deflection angle, ending the adjustment cycle. After an interval of 30 minutes to 1 hour, the next adjustment cycle is entered, and step (2) is returned to continue monitoring V. n and α n .

5. The method for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first layer of the guide vane has its blades rotating at the common edge of the grid cells in the X direction. By adjusting the blade deflection angle, the airflow ratio between two adjacent grid cells in the X direction is changed. The second layer of the guide vane has its blades rotating at the common edge of the grid cells in the Y direction. By adjusting the blade deflection angle, the airflow ratio between two adjacent grid cells in the Y direction is changed.

6. The method for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each deflector has a two-section structure. The upper movable deflector is straight or arc-shaped and is equipped with a blade rotation angle adjustment device, which includes a rotation shaft and an angle adjustment motor. The rotation angle of the movable deflector is adjusted by the rotation shaft and the angle adjustment motor. The lower fixed deflector is straight and its direction is fixed parallel to the airflow direction.

7. The method for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (4), when multiple grid cells are blocked, the deflector is adjusted sequentially according to the grid cell order.

8. The method for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The width of the movable guide plate is 0.3 to 0.55 times the distance between the rotating shafts of adjacent guide plates, the width of the fixed guide plate is 0.2 to 1 times the width of the movable guide plate, and the maximum deflection angle of the movable guide plate is 30° to 60° with respect to the flue gas direction.

9. The method for preventing catalyst blockage in an SCR reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flue gas velocity detection device includes a differential pressure velocity meter, a hot-wire anemometer, or a rotary anemometer. The flue gas velocity detection device is located below the catalyst layer, 100-500 mm from the lower surface of the catalyst layer.

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