Water engineering self-adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system and operation method

Abstract

The application discloses a water engineering self-adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system and an operation method thereof. The system comprises a water-blocking self-balancing module and an orifice plate energy dissipation module. The water-blocking self-balancing module is composed of a resistance device and a balancing device. The resistance device and the balancing device are coaxially connected in series through a sleeve rod. The orifice plate energy dissipation module is composed of a plurality of orifice plates with flange structures. The orifice plates are connected with the pipeline through the flange structures. The sleeve rod passes through the central axis of the orifice plates to connect the water-blocking self-balancing module and the orifice plate energy dissipation module to form a composite energy dissipation device. The system can self-adaptively adjust the energy dissipation mode according to the water head of the incoming flow, overcomes the single energy dissipation mode of the pipeline energy dissipation device, effectively improves the stable operation time of the pipeline, and has great advantages in reducing the energy dissipation cost, expanding the application range and improving the engineering practicality, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system and its operation method for water engineering, belonging to the field of pipeline energy dissipation in water-related engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to traditional canal water conveyance, pipeline water conveyance has advantages such as flexible route layout, low loss along the way, and less water pollution. Therefore, it has become the preferred solution for long-distance water conveyance and irrigation. However, in actual use, due to uncontrollable factors such as terrain, the fluid in the pipeline often has an excess head that exceeds the head required for pipeline water conveyance. If the energy of this excess head is not consumed, it will cause damage to pipeline system facilities and downstream buildings.

[0003] The current energy dissipation devices for eliminating excess head in pipeline fluids have the following shortcomings: (1) The installation and use of pipeline energy dissipation devices require the pipeline to meet specific requirements such as pipeline slope, pipeline connection method, and pipeline outlet location. These requirements increase the amount of construction work and limit the advantages of flexible layout of water transmission pipelines. On the other hand, energy dissipation devices fixed in specific locations are difficult to play the role of pressure reduction and energy dissipation protection along the pipeline. (2) Non-adjustable single-mode energy dissipation devices are one of the most widely used energy dissipation devices. The shortcomings of this type of energy dissipation device are that, on the one hand, the form of energy dissipation devices for different water conservancy projects needs to be customized, and the related construction and use costs are high, which limits its application in small and medium-sized water conservancy projects. On the one hand, the single-mode energy dissipation device has a single energy dissipation form. When dealing with non-constant fluids, its rigid energy dissipation form is easily eroded and destroyed, which brings potential risks to the pipeline system. (3) The energy dissipation form switching of the existing adjustable multi-mode energy dissipation device is mostly manual or electric conversion. There are two major problems during actual operation. On the one hand, since the pipeline energy dissipation system consists of several to hundreds of energy dissipation devices, the efficiency of manually changing the energy dissipation form of multiple energy dissipation devices at the same time is not high. On the other hand, the construction cost of adopting electric control for the energy dissipation system is high, and the complex and changeable fluid flow state in the pipeline puts forward high requirements for the continuous and stable operation of the relevant electric control conversion equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a pipeline energy dissipation device with fewer limitations on its use, higher energy dissipation efficiency, flexible and convenient installation, and the ability to automatically change its energy dissipation mode without manual or electric assistance. It is a modular, multimodal pipeline energy dissipation device.

[0005] Technical solution: Firstly, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a self-balancing pipeline energy dissipation device, which includes a water-blocking self-balancing module and an orifice plate energy dissipation module, and a sleeve rod connects the water-blocking self-balancing module and the orifice plate energy dissipation module in series coaxially to form a composite energy dissipation device.

[0006] The water-blocking self-balancing module consists of a blocking device and a balancing device. The blocking device includes a water-blocking baffle and sleeve I. The self-balancing device includes sleeve II, a hinged rod, a water-blocking blade, a buffer spring, a limiting hole, and a sleeve rod. The blocking device and the self-balancing device are connected in series via the sleeve rod on a common central axis. The water-blocking baffle is fixed on the sleeve. The sleeves are connected by a series of hinged rods composed of multiple hinged rods. The water-blocking blade is fixed to the upstream hinged rod on the water-facing side. Sleeve I, the buffer spring, and sleeve II are connected in series coaxially in sequence. The limiting bolts fix sleeve II at different limiting holes on the sleeve rod.

[0007] The orifice plate energy dissipation module is composed of multiple orifice plates with flange structures bonded together. The orifice plates are connected in series coaxially via sleeve rods. Limiting bolts limit the orifice plates to different positions on the sleeve rods through limiting holes. The orifice plates are fixed to the pipe flange connection via flange structures.

[0008] Preferably, the water-blocking baffle of the blocking device is an axisymmetric plane with a central opening made of rigid material, and the water-facing surface area of ​​the water-blocking baffle is 20% to 30% of the pipe flow area; the inner diameter of the sleeve I of the blocking device is not less than the outer diameter of the sleeve rod, the sleeve I can slide along the sleeve rod, or be fixed to the sleeve rod through a limiting hole, and the edge of the sleeve I is provided with a connecting device for connecting the hinge rod.

[0009] Preferably, the self-balancing device includes a hinge rod, a water-blocking blade, a buffer spring, and a limiting hole. In the straightened state of the self-balancing device, the maximum length of the hinge rod is not greater than the length from sleeve II to the end of the sleeve rod. The inner diameter of sleeve II of the self-balancing device is not less than the outer diameter of the sleeve rod. Sleeve II has a limiting hole through which a limiting bolt can pass. The edge of sleeve II is provided with a connecting device for connecting the hinge rod. Sleeve II is fixed to different limiting holes of the sleeve rod by limiting bolts.

[0010] The water-blocking blades are symmetrically and evenly distributed around the pipe axis on the upstream hinge rod's water-facing side, with 20% to 40% of the maximum length of the water-blocking blades located at the extension of the hinge rod's axis, i.e., the length not fixed to the hinge rod. The maximum water-facing area of ​​all water-blocking blades is 40% to 50% of the pipe's flow area. The inscribed circle of the limiting hole of the balancing device is larger than the circumscribed circle of the radial section of the limiting bolt. The length of the buffer spring of the self-balancing device in its naturally extended state is not greater than the maximum length of the hinge rod in its straightened state.

[0011] Preferably, the orifice plate energy dissipation module has, but is not limited to, two orifice plates with flanges, which are fitted together without gaps. The orifice plates have holes at their central axis with the same diameter as the outer diameter of the sleeve rod. Each orifice plate has flow holes. The bolt holes of the flange structure are the same size as those of the standard pipe flange.

[0012] Preferably, the flanged orifice plates can be rotated along the sleeve rod to create different flow patterns and achieve different energy dissipation combinations.

[0013] Preferably, the self-balancing pipeline energy dissipation device can selectively assemble multiple modules in series, not limited to a combination of a single water-blocking self-balancing module and a single orifice plate energy dissipation module, and the module order and spacing can be adjusted.

[0014] Secondly, an operation method for the aforementioned self-balancing pipeline energy dissipation device includes: a water-blocking self-balancing module operation method. On one hand, after the incoming flow impacts the water-blocking baffle, the flow direction of some of the fluid streams changes, colliding with the fluid outside the baffle's action area and dissipating energy. On the other hand, the water-blocking baffle slides along the sleeve rod under the impact of the water flow, and the sleeve I drives the hinge rod angle to decrease. The water-blocking blades fixed to the hinge rod unfold with the movement of the hinge rod. The water-blocking blades tend to close in the direction of the water flow impact, i.e., the direction of the hinge rod angle increasing. Under stable flow conditions, the oscillation range of the opening and closing angle of the water-blocking blades gradually converges. When the incoming flow changes, the stable opening and closing angle also changes accordingly, i.e., automatically completing the energy dissipation mode conversion. During the operation of the water-blocking self-balancing module, the water-blocking baffle and water-blocking blades reduce the flow area, intensify fluid turbulence, and dissipate fluid energy. The control equations and force calculation methods for the operation of the aforementioned water-blocking balancing module are as follows:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] In the formula: F xi F yi Let F represent the stresses in the x and y directions of the hinge rod at the i-th hinge joint at the sleeve, respectively; x F y F represents the resultant force of the i-th hinge rod at the sleeve. y ' i F' is the force exerted by the sleeve on the i-th hinge rod in the y-direction. y F is the resultant force of the m hinged rods at the sleeve. 1ij F represents the dynamic water pressure exerted by the j-th point of the water-blocking baffle on the hinge rod at the i-th hinge joint of the sleeve; 1i Fi is the dynamic water pressure exerted by the water-blocking baffle on the hinge rod at the i-th hinge joint of the sleeve; F1 is the total dynamic water pressure exerted by the water-blocking baffle on the hinge rods of the m hinge joints on the sleeve; Fi is the ... 2ij F represents the dynamic water pressure at point j on the water-blocking blade fixed to the i-th hinged rod; 2i F1 is the dynamic water pressure exerted on the water-blocking blade fixed to the i-th hinge rod; F2 is the total dynamic water pressure exerted on the water-blocking blade; F ei F is used to buffer the stress of the spring acting on the hinge rod at the i-th hinge point of the sleeve; eThe total elastic force of the buffer spring acting on the sleeve; The velocity and direction of the water flow before it impacts the baffle at point j. The velocity and direction of the water flow after impacting the water-blocking baffle at point j; The velocity and direction of the water flow before it impacts the j-th water-blocking blade. Let be the velocity and direction of the water flow after impacting the j-th water-blocking blade; Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, and Q6 correspond to the flow rates of v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, and their respective flow tubes; β1, β2, β3, β4, β5, and β6 are momentum correction coefficients; ρ is the density of water; k is the elastic modulus of the buffer spring; l is the length of a single hinge rod; θ is the angle between the hinge rod and the sleeve; and a is the distance between the hinge rod connection point and the point of action of F2.

[0018] The operation method of the orifice plate energy dissipation module is as follows: the orifice plate is equipped with flow holes. The orifice plate changes the effective flow area of ​​the pipe and the fluid flow state, aggravates the fluid turbulence, dissipates the fluid energy, and multiple orifice plates can realize different flow forms in combination, thereby forming different energy dissipation combinations.

[0019] A composite energy dissipation device with multiple energy dissipation modes is formed by arranging the water-blocking self-balancing module and the orifice plate energy dissipation module in series along the pipeline axis.

[0020] Beneficial Effects: The water engineering adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system of this invention adopts a modular design, which is flexible in use and convenient in installation. Multiple energy dissipation modules can be flexibly selected and combined to achieve the energy dissipation effect as needed. The energy dissipation device is fixed to the pipeline with the help of flange structure, without the need for special modification of the pipeline and can meet the requirements of energy dissipation along the pipeline, reducing the local energy dissipation load of the pipeline. The water-blocking self-balancing module is based on the momentum theorem of fluid mechanics and the classical mechanical equilibrium theory, which can adaptively adjust the energy dissipation form according to the flow state, overcoming the shortcomings of the single energy dissipation form of pipeline energy dissipation devices, effectively improving the stable operation time of the pipeline, and has significant advantages in reducing energy dissipation costs, expanding the scope of application, and improving the practicality of engineering. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A front view of the structure of an adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system for water engineering.

[0022] Figure 2 Left view of the structure of an adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system for water engineering;

[0023] Figure 3 Right view of the structure of an adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system for water engineering;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the forces acting on the water-blocking balance module.

[0025] Among them: 1-water blocking baffle, 2-sleeve I, 3-sleeve II, 4-hinged rod, 5-water blocking blade, 6-buffer spring, 7-limiting hole, 8-limiting bolt, 9-perforated plate with flange structure, 10-sleeve rod, 11-outer ring, 12-bolt hole, 13-inner ring, 14-circular flow hole, 15-fan blade, 16-circular hole, 17-fan-shaped flow hole. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To better illustrate the present invention, it is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following embodiments, which include, but are not limited to, the following embodiments.

[0027] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the self-balancing pipeline energy dissipation device consists of a water-blocking balancing module and an orifice plate energy dissipation module connected coaxially in series via a sleeve rod (10), and the distance between the modules is adjusted by a limiting bolt (8); the water-blocking self-balancing module includes a water-blocking baffle (1), a sleeve (2), a hinge rod (4), a water-blocking blade (5), a buffer spring (6), a limiting hole (7), and a limiting bolt (8); the orifice plate energy dissipation module includes two orifice plates (9) with flange structures.

[0028] In this embodiment, the sleeve rod (10) connects the sleeve (2), buffer spring (6), and sleeve (3) of the water-blocking balance module in series. Both sleeve I (2) and sleeve II (3) have limit holes and hinge holes. The limit bolt (8) passes through the limit holes on sleeve II (3) and the sleeve rod (10) to fix sleeve II (3) to the sleeve rod (10). The fixing position can be adjusted by selecting the limit holes (7) at different positions on the sleeve rod. Sleeve I (2) and sleeve II (3) are connected by 8 equal-length hinge rods (4). In the straight state, the maximum length of the hinge rod plus sleeve I (2) does not exceed the distance between the center of the fixed limit hole of sleeve II (3) and the upstream end of the sleeve rod. The buffer spring (6) is located between sleeve I (2) and sleeve II (3). In the naturally extended state, the length of the buffer spring is not greater than that of a single hinge rod. The length of the rod is slightly larger than that of the sleeve rod; the water-blocking baffle (1) is an axisymmetric arc-shaped spatial surface. In this example, the tangent direction of the edge of the surface is 45° upstream. The center of the surface has a circle with the same size as the outer diameter of the sleeve. The sleeve I (2) is inserted into the water-blocking baffle (1) through the circle, and the water-blocking baffle is fixed to the sleeve I (2) to form the starting device in the water-blocking self-balancing module; the water-blocking blade (5) is an isosceles triangular plate. It is fixed to the water-facing side of each upstream hinge rod along the center line of the bottom edge of the water-blocking blade. Each hinge rod is fixed with 1 piece, and a total of 6 pieces are fixed. When the angle of the hinge rod changes between 0° and 180°, there is no overlapping part between the water-blocking blades. The sleeve II (3), hinge rod (4), water-blocking blade (5), limiting hole (7), limiting bolt (8), and sleeve rod (10) together constitute the balancing device in the water-blocking self-balancing module.

[0029] In this embodiment, the operation method of the water-blocking self-balancing module is as follows: On the one hand, based on the momentum theorem of fluid mechanics, the direction of the water flow impacting the water-blocking baffle (1) changes, colliding with the subsequent upstream flow and thus dissipating fluid energy. On the other hand, the water-blocking baffle (1) slides along the sleeve rod (10) under the impact of the water flow, and the sleeve rod causes the angle of the hinge rod to decrease. The water-blocking blade (5) fixed to the hinge rod unfolds with the movement of the hinge rod. The water-blocking blade tends to close in the direction of the water flow impact, that is, the direction of the hinge rod angle increasing. Under the stable flow state, the opening and closing angle of the water-blocking blade gradually oscillates and converges. During the operation of the water-blocking self-balancing module, the water-blocking baffle and the water-blocking blade reduce the flow area, aggravate the fluid turbulence, and dissipate fluid energy.

[0030] In this embodiment, two orifice plates (9) with flange structures constitute an orifice plate energy dissipation module. The orifice plates are fitted together. Each orifice plate is divided into an outer ring (11) and an inner ring (13). Bolt holes (12) are provided between the outer ring (11) and the inner ring (13), which constitutes the flange structure. Flange connection is a common connection method for pipelines. There are specifications for the flange structure of different specifications of pipelines. The inner ring part of the orifice plate is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, a circular hole (16) with the same diameter as the sleeve rod is opened in the center. Two fan blades (15) and two fan-shaped holes (17) are symmetrically arranged around the central hole. Circular flow passage holes (14) are arranged in the blades. When the orifice plate is coaxially fitted, different flow patterns can be formed by rotating along the sleeve rod to shift the bolt hole positions of the flange structure. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The diagram shows a flow pattern consisting of two circular holes and two fan-shaped holes. Different flow patterns and combinations of effective flow areas can form energy dissipation combinations such as orifice plate energy dissipation and / or spiral flow energy dissipation, thereby achieving different energy dissipation effects.

[0031] In this embodiment, to further enhance the energy dissipation effect of the above-mentioned pipeline energy dissipation device, multiple water-blocking self-balancing modules and orifice plate energy dissipation modules can be connected in series simultaneously. The module series sequence and the spacing between modules can be flexibly adjusted as needed. When a single energy dissipation device cannot meet the energy dissipation requirements, the above-mentioned energy dissipation device can be installed at multiple flange connections along the water pipeline to achieve energy dissipation along the pipeline until the energy dissipation requirements are met.

Claims

1. An adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system for water engineering, characterized in that, The system includes a water-blocking self-balancing module and an orifice plate energy dissipation module. A sleeve rod connects the water-blocking self-balancing module and the orifice plate energy dissipation module in a coaxial series to form a composite energy dissipation device. The water-blocking self-balancing module consists of a blocking device and a self-balancing device. The blocking device includes a water-blocking baffle and sleeve I. The self-balancing device includes sleeve II, a hinge rod, a water-blocking blade, a buffer spring, a limiting hole, and a sleeve rod. The blocking device and the self-balancing device are connected in a coaxial series through the sleeve rod. The water-blocking baffle is fixed on sleeve I. Sleeve I and sleeve II are connected by a hinge rod system composed of multiple hinge rods. The water-blocking blade is fixed to the upstream hinge rod on the water-facing side. Sleeve I, the buffer spring, and sleeve II are connected in a series through the sleeve rod in sequence. Limiting bolts fix sleeve II at different limiting holes on the sleeve rod. The orifice plate energy dissipation module is composed of multiple orifice plates with flange structures bonded together. The orifice plates are connected in a coaxial series through the sleeve rod. Limiting bolts limit the orifice plates to different positions on the sleeve rod through limiting holes. The orifice plates are fixed to the pipe flange connection through the flange structure. The water-blocking baffle slides along the sleeve rod under the impact of the water flow. The sleeve I drives the hinge rod to reduce the angle. The water-blocking blades fixed to the hinge rod unfold with the movement of the hinge rod. The water-blocking blades tend to close in the direction of the water flow impact, that is, the direction of the hinge rod angle increasing. Under the stable flow state, the oscillation range of the opening and closing angle of the water-blocking blades gradually converges. When the incoming flow changes, the stable opening and closing angle also changes accordingly, that is, the energy dissipation mode transformation is completed adaptively. During the operation of the water-blocking self-balancing module, the water-blocking baffle and the water-blocking blades reduce the flow area, aggravate the fluid turbulence, and dissipate the fluid energy.

2. The adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system for water engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-blocking baffle of the blocking device is an axisymmetric surface made of rigid material, and the water-facing area of ​​the water-blocking baffle is 20% to 30% of the pipe flow area.

3. The adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system for water engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, Sleeve I can slide along the sleeve rod, or be fixed to the sleeve rod through the limiting hole. The edge of sleeve I is provided with a connecting device for connecting the hinge rod.

4. The adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system for water engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the self-balancing device, the maximum length of the hinge rod in the straightened state is not greater than the length from sleeve II to the end of the sleeve rod. Sleeve II has a first limiting hole through which the limiting bolt can pass. The edge of sleeve II is provided with a connecting device for connecting the hinge rod. Sleeve II is fixed to different limiting holes of the sleeve rod by limiting bolts.

5. The adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system for water engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-blocking blades are symmetrically arranged around the pipe axis on the upstream hinge rod water-facing side, and 20% to 40% of the maximum length of the water-blocking blades is located at the extension of the hinge rod axis. The maximum water-facing area of ​​all water-blocking blades is 40% to 50% of the pipe flow area.

6. The adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system for water engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inscribed circle of the limiting hole of the self-balancing device is larger than the circumscribed circle of the radial section of the limiting bolt, and the length of the buffer spring of the self-balancing device in its naturally extended state is not greater than the maximum length of the hinge rod in its straightened state.

7. The adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system for water engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The orifice plate energy dissipation module has a hole at the center axis of the flanged structure orifice plate. The hole diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the sleeve rod. The orifice plate is equipped with flow holes. The bolt hole size of the flange structure is the same as that of the standard pipeline flange. Multiple orifice plates with flange structures can form different energy dissipation patterns by rotating and shifting the bolt hole positions along the sleeve rod.

8. The adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system for water engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, This system can be assembled and connected in series with multiple water-blocking self-balancing modules or orifice plate energy dissipation modules. The order and spacing of the water-blocking self-balancing modules or orifice plate energy dissipation modules can be adjusted.

9. The adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system for water engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system is a combination of a single water-blocking self-balancing module and a single orifice plate energy dissipation module.

10. The operation method of the adaptive pipeline energy dissipation system for water engineering according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Operating method of the water-blocking self-balancing module: (1) After the incoming flow impacts the water-blocking baffle, the flow direction changes and it collides with the fluid outside the water-blocking baffle's area of ​​action, dissipating energy. (2) The water-blocking baffle slides along the sleeve rod under the impact of the water flow. The sleeve I drives the hinge rod to reduce the angle. The water-blocking blade fixed to the hinge rod unfolds with the movement of the hinge rod. The water-blocking blade tends to close in the direction of the water flow impact, that is, the direction of the hinge rod angle increasing. Under the stable flow state, the oscillation range of the opening and closing angle of the water-blocking blade gradually converges. When the incoming flow changes, the stable opening and closing angle also changes accordingly, that is, the energy dissipation form transformation is completed adaptively. During the operation of the water-blocking self-balancing module, the water-blocking baffle and the water-blocking blade reduce the flow area, aggravate the fluid turbulence, and dissipate the fluid energy. (3) The orifice plate is provided with flow holes. The orifice plate changes the effective flow area of ​​the pipe and the fluid flow state, aggravates the fluid turbulence, dissipates fluid energy, and the multi-orifice plate realizes the combination of different flow forms. The water-blocking self-balancing module and the orifice plate energy dissipation module are arranged in series along the pipe axis to form a composite energy dissipation system with multiple energy dissipation modes.

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