A controlled grouting material, its application, and grouting method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of grouting materials technology, specifically disclosing a controlled grouting material, its application, and a grouting method. The controlled grouting material includes a cementitious material, to which retarder, accelerator, short-range viscosity control material, and long-range viscosity control material are added. The controlled grouting material of this invention, by adding retarder, accelerator, short-range viscosity control material, and long-range viscosity control material to the cementitious material, allows for adjustment of the grout diffusion-time curve by adjusting the amount of retarder and accelerator. The short-range and long-range viscosity control materials form a functional structure that resists erosion. Thus, the controlled grouting material of this invention, while satisfying the requirements of groutability, also possesses erosion resistance and can rapidly cure during the curing stage, making it suitable for pressurized water conditions and formation pressure conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grouting materials technology, specifically to a controlled grouting material, its application, and a grouting method. Background Technology

[0002] In practical engineering, situations frequently arise requiring repair and reinforcement in damp or underwater environments. Examples include tunnel damage caused by wear and water erosion, and leakage in concrete irrigation canals. Due to the presence of large amounts of water in the environment, achieving dry conditions for repair is extremely difficult, requiring significant investment of time and resources. Furthermore, dams, operating in complex environments, may experience concrete cracks and surface spalling. The pressure of water during dam impoundment further complicates matters, necessitating reinforcement under damp conditions, or even under the influence of flowing or pressurized water. Considering cost and environmental acceptability, cement grouting materials are predominantly used in water conservancy and hydropower projects. The main materials are ordinary or special cement. Conventional grouting prioritizes high injectability and good fluidity, but it easily disperses when exposed to water flow. In the presence of flowing or pressurized water, achieving the desired grouting effect is difficult, often requiring several times, even hundreds of times, the amount of material used to barely achieve the desired result. The excess material is largely carried away by the water, resulting in significant waste and pollution of the downstream environment, especially with organic grouting materials (under pressurized water conditions).

[0003] Another scenario involves grouting under formation pressure. After the grouting machine injects the grout into the formation, it generally needs to maintain pressure for a certain period to allow the grout to diffuse and initially solidify. When pressure is applied to the grouting formation, if the pressure maintenance time is insufficient, the grout can easily be squeezed out or crushed by the formation pressure, failing to achieve the desired grouting effect. Furthermore, prolonged pressure maintenance can lead to reduced work efficiency (under formation pressure conditions).

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a functional material that is both pourable and erosion resistant, and can be rapidly cured during the curing stage, in order to adapt to the above two working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a controllable grouting material that, while satisfying the requirements of groutability, also possesses erosion resistance and can be rapidly cured during the curing stage, so that the grouting material can be used in pressurized water conditions and formation pressure conditions.

[0006] Furthermore, the present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned controlled grouting material and the grouting method based on the above-mentioned controlled grouting material.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A controlled grouting material includes a cementitious material, wherein the cementitious material contains a retarder, a accelerator, a short-range viscosity control material, and a long-range viscosity control material; wherein the short-range viscosity control material is a cement-based branched polymer; and the long-range viscosity control material is a cement-based linear polymer.

[0009] The cementitious material of this invention is a material used in existing grouting processes. The retarding and accelerating materials respectively slow down the solidification of the grouting material and promote its solidification. The controlled grouting material of this invention must simultaneously add retarding and accelerating materials. The interaction between the retarding and accelerating materials controls the setting time of the grouting material. The grout diffusion-time curve can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of retarding and accelerating materials to achieve rapid solidification during the curing stage of the grouting material. The short-range viscosity control material and long-range viscosity control material of this invention are used to control the viscosity of the grouting material. This invention introduces polymer materials into the controlled grouting material, mainly to adjust the non-dispersible properties of the grouting material. The short-range viscosity control material and long-range viscosity control material form a functional structure that resists erosion.

[0010] Further, it includes the following components in parts by weight:

[0011] 100 parts of cementitious material, 0.02-0.1 parts of retarding material, 0.02-0.1 parts of accelerating material, 0.05-0.15 parts of short-range viscosity control material, and 0.02-0.05 parts of long-range viscosity control material.

[0012] Theoretically, the invention's objective can be achieved by adding retarder, accelerator, short-range viscosity control material, and long-range viscosity control material to the cementitious material. The above-mentioned formulation represents the preferred range; materials within this range are practical and economical, while those outside this range are not optimal. For example, excessive accelerator may result in insufficient time for construction operations, causing the grout to thicken and solidify before it is fully poured, leading to pipe blockage. The same principle applies to the dosage of viscosity control materials.

[0013] Furthermore, it is composed of the following components in parts by weight:

[0014] 100 parts of cementitious material, 0.02-0.1 parts of retarding material, 0.02-0.1 parts of accelerating material, 0.05-0.15 parts of short-range viscosity control material, 0.02-0.05 parts of long-range viscosity control material, 0.2-0.5 parts of defoaming material, and 0.3-0.5 parts of water-reducing agent.

[0015] Furthermore, the retarding material includes at least one of borax, sodium tetraborate, and sodium gluconate.

[0016] Furthermore, the coagulating material includes lithium carbonate.

[0017] Furthermore, short-range viscosity control materials include branched starch ethers and other cementophilic polymers with branched structures.

[0018] Furthermore, long-range viscosity control materials include linear starch ethers and other cementophilic polymers with linear structures.

[0019] Furthermore, the cementing material includes at least one of silicate cement, ordinary silicate cement, or sulfoaluminate cement.

[0020] According to the national standard GB175, general-purpose Portland cement is classified into two types: P·I type (all cement clinker ground) and P·II type (95% cement clinker + 5% slag or limestone admixture); ordinary Portland cement P·O: 80% to 95% cement clinker + 5% to 20% slag / volcanic ash / fly ash.

[0021] Application of controlled grouting materials in grouting under pressure water conditions or formation pressure conditions.

[0022] Grouting methods based on controlled grouting materials include the following steps:

[0023] S1. The ratio of the amount of cementitious materials, retarding materials, accelerating materials, short-range viscosity control materials and long-range viscosity control materials in the grouting material designed according to the working conditions;

[0024] S2. The mixture is prepared into a controlled grouting material;

[0025] S3. Grouting shall be carried out in accordance with process requirements.

[0026] In step S1 of this invention, the proportions of cementitious materials, retarding materials, accelerating materials, short-range viscosity control materials, and long-range viscosity control materials in the grouting material are controlled according to the working conditions. The most advantageous situation is that the proportions of the materials are adjusted according to the grouting conditions so that the diffusion of the grouting material is maintained in a large range during the grouting stage, the grouting end point is set near the abrupt change point, and after the grouting is completed, the hydration of the grout is accelerated, the viscosity increases sharply, and the strength develops rapidly.

[0027] The grouting method of the present invention can effectively shorten the pressure holding time, improve work efficiency, and enhance the ability of the injected grout to resist water erosion.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0029] The controlled grouting material of this invention incorporates retarder, accelerator, short-range viscosity control material, and long-range viscosity control material into the cementitious material. The interaction between the retarder and accelerator controls the setting time of the grouting material. Adjusting the dosage of the retarder and accelerator allows for adjustment of the grout diffusion-time curve, enabling rapid curing during the curing stage. The short-range and long-range viscosity control materials control the viscosity of the grout, adjusting its non-dispersibility. These materials form a scour-resistant functional structure. Thus, the controlled grouting material of this invention, while meeting the requirements for injectability, also possesses scour resistance and rapid curing during the curing stage, making it suitable for both pressurized water and formation pressure conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This illustrates the change in slurry diffusivity over time according to the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 2 This illustrates the change in slurry diffusivity over time according to the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the control principle of non-dispersion properties when combining short-range and long-range viscosity control materials.

[0034] Figure 4 These are the diffusion-time curves for Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1;

[0035] Figure 5 These are the diffusion-time curves for Examples 4-6 and Comparative Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0037] Example:

[0038] A controlled grouting material includes a cementitious material, wherein the cementitious material contains a retarder, a accelerator, a short-range viscosity control material, and a long-range viscosity control material; wherein the short-range viscosity control material is a cement-based branched polymer; and the long-range viscosity control material is a cement-based linear polymer.

[0039] The cementing material includes at least one of silicate cement, ordinary silicate cement, or sulfoaluminate cement.

[0040] The retarding material includes at least one of borax, sodium tetraborate, and sodium gluconate.

[0041] The coagulating material includes lithium carbonate, which is preferred.

[0042] Retarder and accelerator must be used simultaneously. Different ratios of the two will result in different diffusion curves and different times when abrupt change points occur.

[0043] Among them, the short-range viscosity control material is branched starch ether, or other branched polymer materials with cementitious groups.

[0044] Among them, the long-range viscosity control material is a linear starch ether, or a linear polymer material with other cementitious groups.

[0045] Short-range viscosity control materials and long-range viscosity control materials must be used simultaneously to control the viscosity of the slurry.

[0046] The controlled grouting material specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0047] 100 parts of cementitious material, 0.02-0.1 parts of retarding material, 0.02-0.1 parts of accelerating material, 0.05-0.15 parts of short-range viscosity control material, and 0.02-0.05 parts of long-range viscosity control material.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, defoaming material may also be added to the controlled grouting material.

[0049] In one specific embodiment, the controlled grouting material comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0050] 100 parts of cementitious material, 0.02-0.1 parts of retarding material, 0.02-0.1 parts of accelerating material, 0.05-0.15 parts of short-range viscosity control material, 0.02-0.05 parts of long-range viscosity control material, 0.2-0.5 parts of defoaming material, and 0.3-0.5 parts of water-reducing agent.

[0051] The grouting method based on the controlled grouting material of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0052] S1. The ratio of the amount of cementitious materials, retarding materials, accelerating materials, short-range viscosity control materials and long-range viscosity control materials in the grouting material designed according to the working conditions;

[0053] S2. The mixture is prepared into a controlled grouting material;

[0054] S3. Grouting shall be carried out in accordance with process requirements.

[0055] The formula of the controlled grouting material described in this embodiment is adjustable, and the following three controllable effects can be achieved simultaneously by adjusting the formula:

[0056] 1) Controlling the setting time is very important. Ideally, the setting time should be controlled according to the process conditions to ensure the time for grouting operation, and the grout should be cured quickly after grouting to prevent loss of grout material and speed up the work efficiency.

[0057] 2) Control of the diffusivity-time curve: By controlling the relative proportions of retarder and accelerator, the curve of slurry diffusivity changing over time will change from... Figure 1 Morphological changes are Figure 2 The morphology and diffusion change over time. After a certain point in time, the fluidity of the grout drops sharply (similar to the squeezing principle from both sides to the center). This characteristic provides a basis for us to control the diffusion range.

[0058] Based on this characteristic, by adjusting the ratio of retarding to accelerating materials, precise control of setting time can be achieved. The most favorable situation is: according to the grouting conditions, adjust the material ratio so that the diffusion of the grouting material is maintained in a large range during the grouting stage, and set the grouting end point near the abrupt change point. After the grouting ends, the hydration of the grout accelerates, the viscosity increases sharply, and the strength develops rapidly. This will produce several favorable effects: (1) shorten the pressure holding time and improve work efficiency; (2) enhance the ability of the grouting material to resist water erosion; (3) the diffusion range of the grouting material is controllable, which is conducive to solving the problem of excessive diffusion range of grouting material, grouting into ineffective areas, and large material consumption; (4) the strength develops rapidly, which is conducive to resisting formation pressure and maintaining the integrity of the solidified body.

[0059] 3) Viscosity control of the grouting material: A small amount of polymer material is introduced into the controlled grouting material, mainly to adjust its non-dispersibility. Unlike conventional methods, a design approach combining long-range and short-range ordered grouting is adopted (see diagram). Figure 3 This will minimize the negative impact on irrigationability caused by increased underwater non-dispersibility.

[0060] Short-range viscosity control materials mainly refer to branched polymer materials, which have more active groups on their surface and shorter chain lengths. The active groups can combine with cement hydration particles to form agglomerates in a small area to resist the erosion of water flow. Long-range viscosity control materials, on the other hand, are linear polymer materials with fewer active groups than branched ones. Their main function is to link branched agglomerates together, and the two combine to form a functional structure that resists erosion. Advantages: Grouting materials require good injectability, and their viscosity cannot be too high, otherwise it will be difficult to enter the areas of concern in the formation; however, under flowing water or pressurized water conditions, low-viscosity grouting materials are easily washed away and cannot remain in the required areas. This contradiction is difficult to reconcile. The approach in this study is to achieve a balance by combining long-range viscosity control materials and short-range viscosity control materials, achieving good erosion resistance with limited sacrifice of injectability. The short-range control material binds the grout near the area, forming micro-units that resist erosion, while the long-range control material adsorbs and connects these micro-units together, allowing them to flow freely over a slightly larger area, avoiding the problem of excessive viscosity increase of fully branched materials.

[0061] Specific examples of the controlled grouting materials described in this embodiment are as follows:

[0062] Example 1:

[0063] The controlled grouting material consists of the following components in parts by weight:

[0064] 100 parts ordinary silicate cement, 0.02 parts borax, 0.1 parts lithium carbonate, 0.05 parts branched starch ether, 0.02 parts linear starch ether, 0.3 parts defoaming material, and 0.4 parts water-reducing agent.

[0065] Suitable for applications where ground pressure is present, rapid strength generation is required, and water erosion is not severe.

[0066] Example 2:

[0067] The controlled grouting material consists of the following components in parts by weight:

[0068] 100 parts ordinary silicate cement, 0.06 parts sodium tetraborate, 0.06 parts lithium carbonate, 0.1 parts branched starch ether, 0.03 parts linear starch ether, 0.3 parts defoaming material, and 0.4 parts water-reducing agent.

[0069] Compared with Example 1: The setting time is extended and the viscosity of the grout increases, making it suitable for situations where the grouting path is long, the grouting takes a long time to reach the target location, and the impact of water flow scouring is significant.

[0070] Example 3:

[0071] The controlled grouting material consists of the following components in parts by weight:

[0072] 100 parts ordinary silicate cement, 0.1 parts sodium gluconate, 0.02 parts lithium carbonate, 0.15 parts branched starch ether, 0.1 parts linear starch ether, 0.3 parts defoaming material, and 0.4 parts water-reducing agent.

[0073] Compared with Example 1: The setting time is further extended and the viscosity of the grout increases significantly. It is suitable for working conditions where the grouting path is long, the grouting takes a long time to reach the target position, and the water flow has a significant impact.

[0074] Comparative Example 1:

[0075] The grouting material consists of the following components in parts by weight:

[0076] 100 parts of ordinary silicate cement, 0.3 parts of defoaming material, and 0.4 parts of water-reducing agent.

[0077] The diffusion-time curves of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 using ordinary Portland cement as the cementitious material are shown below. Figure 4 The time-diffusion curve A of the grouting material shown: Using ordinary Portland cement as the cementing material, by adjusting the type and amount of retarding material, the ratio of retarding material to accelerating material, and the ratio of branched starch ether to linear starch ether, grouting material schemes with different initial diffusion, different setting times, and corresponding (final and initial) setting time differences were obtained.

[0078] Example 4:

[0079] The controlled grouting material consists of the following components in parts by weight:

[0080] 100 parts of sulfoaluminate cement, 0.02 parts of borax, 0.1 parts of lithium carbonate, 0.05 parts of branched starch ether, 0.02 parts of linear starch ether, 0.3 parts of defoaming material, and 0.4 parts of water-reducing agent.

[0081] It is suitable for sealing leaks where rapid strength is required and water erosion is not severe, and where the time available for grouting operations is relatively short.

[0082] Example 5:

[0083] The controlled grouting material consists of the following components in parts by weight:

[0084] 100 parts of sulfoaluminate cement, 0.06 parts of sodium tetraborate, 0.06 parts of lithium carbonate, 0.1 parts of amylopectin ether, 0.03 parts of linear starch ether, 0.3 parts of defoaming material, and 0.4 parts of water-reducing agent.

[0085] Compared with Example 4: the setting time is prolonged and the viscosity of the grout increases, making it suitable for situations where the grouting path is long, requires a longer time to reach the grouting point, and is significantly affected by water scouring.

[0086] Example 6:

[0087] The controlled grouting material consists of the following components in parts by weight:

[0088] 100 parts of sulfoaluminate cement, 0.1 parts of sodium gluconate, 0.02 parts of lithium carbonate, 0.15 parts of amylopectin ether, 0.1 parts of linear starch ether, 0.3 parts of defoaming material, and 0.4 parts of water-reducing agent.

[0089] Compared with Example 4: the setting time is further extended and the viscosity of the grout increases significantly. It is suitable for working conditions where the grouting path is long, the grouting takes a long time to reach the target position, and the water flow has a significant impact.

[0090] Comparative Example 2:

[0091] The grouting material consists of the following components in parts by weight:

[0092] 100 parts of sulfoaluminate cement, 0.3 parts of defoaming material, and 0.4 parts of water-reducing agent.

[0093] The diffusion-time curves of Examples 4-6 and Comparative Example 2 using sulfoaluminate cement as a binder are shown below. Figure 5 The time-diffusion curve B of the grouting material shown: Using sulfoaluminate cement as the cementing material, by adjusting the type and amount of retarding material, the ratio of retarding material to accelerating material, and the ratio of branched starch ether and straight starch ether, grouting material schemes with different initial diffusion, different setting times, and corresponding (final and initial) setting time differences were obtained.

[0094] The experimental data for Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 are shown in Table 1:

[0095] Table 1

[0096]

[0097] The data in Table 1 shows that:

[0098] Examples 1-3 are grouting solutions obtained by controlling the diffusion degree, setting time, and setting time difference using the method described in this invention, based on Comparative Example 1: Example 1 has a slower setting time than accelerated setting time, resulting in faster setting of the grout. It requires less amylopectin ether and amylose ether, and has a larger diffusion degree. It is suitable for applications with formation pressure requiring rapid strength generation and where water scouring is not severe. Example 2 has a slightly slower setting time than accelerated setting time, resulting in a longer setting time than Example 1, a further reduced setting time difference, and less amylopectin ether and amylose ether. The diffusion degree of the grout is smaller than in Example 1. It is suitable for applications with long grouting paths, requiring a longer grouting time to reach the target location, and where water scouring has a significant impact. Example 3 showed that the slow setting time was greater than the fast setting time, and the setting time was longer than that of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. The difference in setting time was significantly shorter than that of Comparative Example 1. The amount of branched starch ether and linear starch ether was further increased. The initial diffusion of the grout was small and the grout was more viscous. It is suitable for working conditions where the grouting path is long, the grouting time is long, and the water flow has a great influence.

[0099] Examples 4-6 and Comparative Example 2 are based on Examples 1-3, which are based on Comparative Example 1, but with adjustments made to the type of cementitious material. The basic principles remain the same.

[0100] It should be noted that in this invention, there are no restrictions on the combination of two pairs of materials: retarding material / accelerating material and long-range ordered material / short-range ordered material. For example, if only the setting time needs to be adjusted, only the relative amount of retarding material / accelerating material and the proportion of the retarding material / accelerating material combination in the cementitious material system need to be adjusted, and the long-range ordered material / short-range ordered material combination does not need to be adjusted. Conversely, if only the viscosity of the grout and its resistance to water erosion need to be adjusted, only the relative amount of long-range ordered material / short-range ordered material and the proportion of the retarding material / accelerating material combination in the cementitious material system need to be adjusted, and the entire retarding material / accelerating material combination does not need to be adjusted.

[0101] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A controlled grouting material, characterized by, The control grouting material comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts of cementing material, 0.02-0.1 parts of retarding material, 0.02-0.1 parts of accelerating material, 0.05-0.15 parts of short-range viscosity control material, and 0.02-0.05 parts of long-range viscosity control material; wherein the short-range viscosity control material is branched starch ether; the long-range viscosity control material is linear starch ether; and the retarding material at least comprises one of borax, sodium tetraborate and sodium gluconate.

2. A controlled grouting material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control grouting material comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts of cementing material, 0.02-0.1 parts of retarding material, 0.02-0.1 parts of accelerating material, 0.05-0.15 parts of short-range viscosity control material, 0.02-0.05 parts of long-range viscosity control material, 0.2-0.5 parts of defoaming material, and 0.3-0.5 parts of water reducing agent.

3. A controlled grouting material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The accelerating material comprises lithium carbonate.

4. The control grouting material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The cementing material at least comprises one of Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement or sulphoaluminate cement.

5. The use of the control grouting material according to any one of claims 1-4 in grouting under pressure water or under formation pressure.

6. A method of grouting a control grout material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1. Designing the dosage ratio of the cementing material, retarding material, accelerating material, short-range viscosity control material and long-range viscosity control material in the control grouting material according to the working condition; S2. Mixing the materials to prepare the control grouting material; S3. Grouting according to the process requirement.

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