A blasting demolition method for preventing backset and impact of high-rise building

Abstract

The application discloses a blasting demolition method for preventing high-rise building from backward movement and impact reduction, which comprises the following steps: dividing a buffer area with a preset height at the bottom of a building body, dividing a collapse blasting cut in the buffer area, processing non-load-bearing components, elevator shafts and the building body in the buffer area and the collapse blasting cut, demarcating load-bearing components and blasting height which need to be blasted in the collapse blasting cut and drilling and charging, dividing a buffer cut in the buffer area and drilling and charging on the load-bearing components in the buffer cut, connecting the collapse blasting cut and the buffer cut after charging by a network, setting the delay time of each construction, protecting the buffer area, the charging position in the collapse blasting cut range and the building free surface, detonating the collapse blasting cut network, making the building body lose stability and collapse, detonating the buffer cut network after the upper body of the building body collapses, and realizing the blasting demolition of the high-rise building for preventing backward movement and impact reduction.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of engineering blasting, and particularly relates to a blasting demolition method for preventing high-rise building from backward movement and reducing impact. BACKGROUND

[0002] When a high-rise building is demolished by directional blasting, most of the buildings are designed with blasting cutouts at the bottom of the building, the load-bearing components in the cutout range are damaged, so that the building can be tilted in the designed direction, and the backward movement of the building often occurs in the process. For a taller building, the backward movement is more serious in the tilting process due to its greater weight. Especially when the building is located on the street, it is necessary to strictly prevent the backward movement to avoid damage to the road, pipeline and street equipment, and therefore, a blasting method for preventing high-rise buildings from backward movement and reducing impact is urgently needed.

[0003] To avoid the above problems, the application provides a blasting demolition method for preventing high-rise buildings from backward movement and reducing impact, which mainly sets a buffer area and a collapse blasting cutout in the blasting design process. The buffer area provides a buffer for the upper structure through its structural strength, and can weaken the blasting vibration when the explosive explodes and the ground vibration when the upper structure collapses; the rotation time of the building around the rotation axis during the collapse process is prolonged to prevent the backward movement caused by the interlayer displacement of the building due to the backward movement and the ground contact instant; the load-bearing components in the buffer area are initiated after the upper structure collapses to reduce the height of the building explosion pile. The collapse blasting cutout mainly provides a height difference and a time difference to make the upper structure of the building collapse smoothly.

[0004] Therefore, the blasting demolition method for preventing high-rise buildings from backward movement and reducing impact can prevent backward movement, reduce vibration and reduce the height of the explosion pile. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above problems, the application provides a blasting demolition method for preventing high-rise buildings from backward movement and reducing impact, which comprises the following steps.

[0006] Step 1: According to the height of the building and the collapse site conditions, a buffer area with a preset height is divided at the bottom of the building, and a collapse blasting cutout is divided above the buffer area;

[0007] Step 2: The non-load-bearing components, elevator shaft and building in the buffer area and the collapse blasting cutout range are weakened or removed;

[0008] Step 3: The load-bearing components to be blasted and the blasting height thereof are calibrated in the collapse blasting cutout, and drilling and charging are performed in the blasting area;

[0009] Step four: divide buffer cut in the buffer area, and drill holes on the load-bearing components within the buffer cut range;

[0010] Step five: connect the filled buffer cut and the buffer cut with network, and set the delay time of each building;

[0011] Step six: protect the buffer area, the charge site within the collapse blasting cut range, and the building free surface, detonate the collapse blasting cut network, and make the building unstable and collapse;

[0012] Step seven: after the upper body of the building collapses, detonate the buffer cut network, disintegrate the buffer area, reduce the height of the explosion pile, and realize the blasting demolition of high-rise buildings with anti-recoil and impact reduction.

[0013] Optionally, in step one, the method of dividing the buffer area according to the height of the building and the collapse site conditions comprises:

[0014] When the height of the building h < 30 m, the bottom 1 floor is reserved as the buffer area;

[0015] When the height of the building 30 m ≤ h < 100 m, the bottom 2-4 floors are reserved as the buffer area;

[0016] When the height of the building h ≥ 100 m, the bottom 4-6 floors are reserved as the buffer area.

[0017] Optionally, in step one, the specific process of dividing the collapse blasting cut according to the collapse site conditions comprises:

[0018] When the length H of the site where the building can be tilted is less than 1.2 times the height h of the building, i.e. H ≤ 1.2h, multiple collapse blasting cuts are set according to the folding collapse requirement, so that the upper structure of the building forms a folding collapse trend;

[0019] When H > 1.2h, a collapse blasting cut is designed to make the upper structure directional tilt.

[0020] Optionally, in step four, the buffer cut includes all load-bearing components within the buffer area, and the load-bearing components need to be appropriately lowered in height and reduced in explosive consumption to prevent blasting flyrock from flying out.

[0021] Optionally, in step five, setting the delay time of each building comprises:

[0022] The collapse blasting cut and the buffer cut are set to have the row interval time, row interval time, and layer interval time of the blasting components within the cut range.

[0023] Optionally, in the step six, the buffer area protection and the collapse blasting cut area protection should be independent of each other, and should not be connected, so as to avoid the buffer area protection structure from losing the protection ability due to the influence of the collapse blasting cut initiation.

[0024] Optionally, in the step seven, the buffer cut in the buffer area is initiated after the upper part of the building collapses.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] Through the step-by-step blasting of the buffer area and the collapse blasting cut designed in advance on the building, the building can rotate around the rotation axis for a longer time after the blasting cut is formed, the setback caused by the interlayer displacement of the upper building due to the contact with the ground is reduced, the upper structure can be collapsed in the design direction under the driving of the gravity center offset, the post-explosion displacement caused by excessive setback is avoided, and the setback in the blasting demolition process is prevented. The buffer area reserved on the bottom can provide a buffer for the upper building by its own strength, and has an inhibitory effect on the blasting vibration caused by the explosion of the explosive and the contact vibration caused by the contact of the upper building with the ground. The collapse blasting cut located at a high position can also reduce the self-weight of the upper building, thereby reducing the contact vibration, and achieving the purpose of protecting the surrounding shallow buried water, electricity and gas pipe network and subway tunnel. After the building is basically collapsed, the explosive in the buffer area is initiated to make the building in the buffer area disintegrate and contact with the ground, so as to reduce the height of the explosion pile and fully disintegrate the whole building. By using the feature of the digital electronic detonator that the delay time can be arbitrarily adjusted, the intra-row delay time, the inter-row delay time and the interlayer delay time are set respectively, the single initiation explosive amount is reduced, the building is collapsed in turn and cross by cross, the weight of the building contacting with the ground at a time is reduced, and the contact vibration is reduced again.

[0027] The application can achieve the purposes of preventing the setback in the blasting demolition process of the high-rise building, reducing the blasting vibration, reducing the contact vibration, and reducing the height of the explosion pile, and has practical significance for the urban blasting demolition work of the building close to the road, the shallow buried water, electricity and gas municipal pipe network and the subway tunnel under complex conditions, and has a wide application range and strong practicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the application, the following briefly introduces the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0029] Figure 1 The method steps of the blasting demolition method for preventing the setback and reducing the impact of the high-rise building in the embodiments of the application are shown in the following figure.

[0030] Figure 2 A distribution diagram of a buffer area and a collapse blasting cut of a high-rise building anti-recoil impact blasting demolition method according to an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1.

[0031] Figure 3 A distribution diagram of a buffer area and a collapse blasting cut of a high-rise building anti-recoil impact blasting demolition method according to an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1.

[0032] Figure 4 A distribution diagram of a buffer area and a collapse blasting cut of a high-rise building anti-recoil impact blasting demolition method according to an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1.

[0033] The figure marks: 1-buffer area; 2-collapse blasting cut; 3-blasting part in the buffer cut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] Embodiment one:

[0037] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a high-rise building anti-recoil impact blasting demolition method comprises the following steps. Figure 1

[0038] Step one: according to the height of the building and the collapse site conditions, a buffer area 1 of a preset height is divided at the bottom of the building, and a collapse blasting cut 2 is divided above the buffer area 1.

[0039] As shown in FIG. 2, in step one, the method for dividing the buffer area 1 according to the height of the building in the buffer area 1 of a preset height divided at the bottom of the building according to the height of the building and the collapse site conditions specifically comprises the following steps. Figure 2 When the height of the building h<30 m, the bottom 1 floor is reserved as the buffer area 1;

[0040] When the height of the building 30 m≤h<100 m, the bottom 2-4 floors are reserved as the buffer area 1;

[0041]

[0042] ​​When the building height h≥100m, the bottom 4-6 floors are reserved as the buffer area 1.

[0043] In step one, the specific process of dividing the collapse blasting cut 2 according to the collapse site conditions comprises:

[0044] When the site length H available for building collapse is less than 1.2 times the building height h, i.e. H≤1.2h, a plurality of collapse blasting cuts 2 are set according to the folding collapse requirement, so that the upper structure of the building forms a folding collapse trend;

[0045] When H>1.2h, a collapse blasting cut 2 is designed to make the upper structure directional collapse.

[0046] Step two: weaken or remove the non-load-bearing members, elevator shafts and staircases in the buffer area 1 and the collapse blasting cut range; in this embodiment, the buffer area 1 and the non-load-bearing members, elevator shafts and staircases in the collapse blasting cut range are weakened or removed by artificial or mechanical methods.

[0047] Step three: demarcate the load-bearing members that need to be blasted and the blasting height thereof in the collapse blasting cut 2, and drill and charge in the blasting area;

[0048] During demarcation, the drawings and the site need to be demarcated.

[0049] Step four: divide the buffer cut in the buffer area 1, and drill and charge on the load-bearing members in the buffer cut range;

[0050] The load-bearing members that need to reduce the blasting height and the charge amount are the columns in this embodiment, which mainly refer to 1-2 rows of columns located at the rear side relative to the blasting collapse direction.

[0051] As shown in Figure 3 In step four, the buffer cut contains all the load-bearing members in the buffer area, and the load-bearing members need to appropriately reduce the member blasting height and the explosive specific energy consumption to prevent blasting flyrock from flying out.

[0052] Step five: after the drilling and charging in the collapse blasting cut 2 and the buffer cut range are completed, the collapse blasting cut 2 and the buffer cut after filling are connected by a network, and the initiation delay time between each structure is set;

[0053] As shown in Figure 4 In step five, setting the initiation delay time between each structure specifically comprises:

[0054] The interval time of the row, the interval time of the row, and the interval time of the layer of the blasting member in the range of the collapse blasting cut 2 and the buffer cut are set. The interval time of the row is preferably 50-150 ms, the interval time of the row is preferably 200-800 ms, and the interval time of the layer is preferably 100-300 ms.

[0055] Step six: The buffer area 1, the charge position in the range of the collapse blasting cut 2, and the building free surface are protected, the collapse blasting cut 2 initiation network is detonated, and the building body is destabilized and collapsed.

[0056] In step six, the buffer area 1 protection and the collapse blasting cut 2 area protection should be independent of each other, and should not be connected to avoid the buffer area 1 protection structure being affected by the collapse blasting cut 2 initiation and losing its protection ability. The buffer area 1, the collapse blasting cut 2 range, and the building free surface are fully protected to ensure effective buffering of the blasting flyrock, and the collapse blasting cut 2 initiation network is detonated after the network is checked again to make the building body destabilized and collapsed.

[0057] Step seven: After the upper part of the building body is collapsed, the buffer cut initiation network is detonated, the buffer area 1 is disintegrated, the height of the explosion pile is reduced, and the high-rise building is demolished by blasting with anti-recoil and impact reduction.

[0058] In step seven, the buffer cut in the buffer area 1 is initiated after the upper part of the building is basically collapsed. Due to the different structural characteristics of the building and the form of the collapse blasting cut 2, the interval between the cut in the buffer area 1 and the collapse blasting cut 2 should be 7000-14000 ms.

[0059] The specific description is as follows: according to the height of the building and the collapse site conditions, a buffer area 1 of a preset height is divided at the bottom of the building body, and a collapse blasting cut 2 is divided above the buffer area 1; the non-load-bearing members, elevator shafts, and staircases in the buffer area 1 and the collapse blasting cut range are weakened or removed by artificial or mechanical methods; the load-bearing members to be blasted and the blasting height are marked in the collapse blasting cut 2, and holes are drilled and charged in the blasting area; a buffer cut is divided in the buffer area 1, and holes are drilled and charged on the load-bearing members in the buffer cut range; after all the charges in the collapse blasting cut 2 and the buffer cut range are filled, the blasting network in the collapse blasting cut 2 and the buffer cut is connected, and the initiation delay time between the components is set; the buffer area 1, the collapse blasting cut 2 range, and the building free surface are fully protected to ensure effective buffering of the blasting flyrock, and the collapse blasting cut 2 initiation network is detonated after the network is checked again to make the building body destabilized and collapsed; after the upper part of the building body is basically collapsed, the buffer cut initiation network in the buffer area 1 is detonated to fully disintegrate the buffer area 1 and reduce the overall height of the explosion pile.

[0060] Embodiment Two

[0061] As an embodiment of the present embodiment, according to the height of the building and the collapse site conditions, a buffer area 1 of a preset height is divided at the bottom of the building, and a collapse blasting cut 2 is divided above the buffer area 1.

[0062] The non-load-bearing members, elevator shafts and staircases within the buffer area 1 and the collapse blasting cut 2 are weakened or removed by artificial or mechanical methods.

[0063] The load-bearing members to be blasted and destroyed and the blasting height thereof are calibrated within the collapse blasting cut 2, and holes are drilled and charged in the blasting area.

[0064] A buffer cut is divided in the buffer area 1, and holes are drilled and charged on the load-bearing members within the buffer cut.

[0065] After all the charges within the collapse blasting cut 2 and the buffer cut are filled, the blasting network within the collapse blasting cut 2 and the buffer cut is connected, and the detonation delay time between each member is set.

[0066] The charge sites within the buffer area 1 and the collapse blasting cut 2 and the building free face are protected respectively, the effective buffer for blasting flyrock is ensured, the network is checked again, the collapse blasting cut 2 initiation network is detonated, and the building is destabilized and collapsed.

[0067] After the upper part of the building is basically collapsed, the buffer cut initiation network is detonated, the buffer area 1 is fully disintegrated, and the overall height of the blast pile is reduced.

[0068] Further optimization scheme, the buffer area 1 is located at the bottom of the building, the collapse blasting cut 2 is set above the buffer area, and the bottom 2 layers of the building are reserved as the buffer area 1.

[0069] Further optimization scheme, a collapse blasting cut 2 is designed to make the upper structure directional collapse.

[0070] Further optimization scheme, the buffer cut should include all load-bearing members within the buffer area 1, and the load-bearing members located at the rear should be appropriately lowered in blasting height and explosive unit consumption to prevent blasting flyrock from flying out.

[0071] Further optimization scheme, the collapse of the blasting cut 2 and the buffer area 1 blasting cut in the need to set the range of the need to blast the components in the row interval, row interval, layer interval. Among them, the collapse of the blasting cut 2 is initiated at 50ms, the same row is initiated, the row interval is 500ms, and the layer interval is 200ms. The buffer area 1 uses the inward collapse method, and the initiation time of the first layer central column is taken as the reference, which is extended from the center to the periphery in the shape of "V". The initiation time is 8050ms, the row interval is 500ms, and the row and layer interval is 150ms.

[0072] Further optimization scheme, the buffer area 1 protection and the collapse of the blasting cut 2 area protection should be independent of each other, and should not be connected, so as to avoid the buffer area 1 protection structure from being affected by the initiation of the collapse of the blasting cut 2 and losing the protection ability.

[0073] Further optimization scheme, the buffer cut in the buffer area 1 should be initiated after the upper part of the building collapses, and the interval between the buffer cut and the collapse of the blasting cut 2 is 8000ms, which is affected by the different structural characteristics of the building and the form of the collapse of the blasting cut 2.

[0074] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application. Without departing from the design spirit of the present application, various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for blast demolition of high-rise buildings with prevention of backset and reduction of impact, characterized in that, The blasting demolition method comprises: Step one: dividing a buffer area of a preset height at the bottom of the building according to the height of the building, specifically comprising: When the height of the building h<30 m, reserving the bottom 1 floor as the buffer area; When the height of the building 30 m≤h<100 m, reserving the bottom 2-4 floors as the buffer area; When the height of the building h≥100 m, reserving the bottom 4-6 floors as the buffer area; Dividing a collapse blasting cut above the buffer area according to the collapse site conditions; Step two: weakening or removing the non-load-bearing components, elevator shafts and building bodies in the buffer area and the collapse blasting cut range; Step three: demarcating the load-bearing components to be blasted and the blasting height thereof in the collapse blasting cut, and drilling and charging in the blasting area; Step four: dividing a buffer cut in the buffer area, and drilling and charging on the load-bearing components in the buffer cut range; Step five: connecting the collapse blasting cut and the buffer cut after charging, and setting the delay time of each construction; Step six: protecting the buffer area, the charging parts in the collapse blasting cut range and the building free surface, igniting the collapse blasting cut ignition network, and making the building lose stability and collapse; Step seven: after the upper body of the building collapses, igniting the buffer cut ignition network, disintegrating the buffer area, reducing the height of the blast pile, and realizing the blasting demolition of the high-rise building with the prevention of backward movement and impact reduction.

2. The blast demolition method for high-rise building with prevention of recoil and impact reduction according to claim 1, characterized by: In step one, the specific process of dividing the collapse blasting cut according to the collapse site conditions comprises: When the length H of the site where the building can be dumped is less than 1.2 times the height h of the building, i.e. H≤1.2h, a plurality of collapse blasting cuts are set according to the folding collapse requirement, so that the upper structure of the building forms a folding collapse trend; When H>1.2h, one collapse blasting cut is designed to make the upper structure directional dump.

3. The blast demolition method for high-rise building preventing from recoil and impact according to claim 1, wherein, In step four, the buffer cut contains all the load-bearing components in the buffer area, and the load-bearing components need to appropriately reduce the component blasting height and the explosive specific energy consumption to prevent blasting flyrock from flying out.

4. The blast demolition method for high-rise building preventing from back-kick and impact reduction according to claim 3, characterized by, In step five, setting the delay time of each construction comprises: Setting the interval time of the components to be blasted in the cut range of the collapse blasting cut and the buffer cut.

5. The blast demolition method for high-rise building with prevention of recoil and reduction of impact according to claim 1, wherein In step six, the buffer area protection and the collapse blasting cut area protection should be independent of each other and not be connected to avoid the buffer area protection structure losing protection ability due to the influence of the collapse blasting cut ignition.

6. The blast demolition method for high-rise building with prevention of recoil and reduction of impact according to claim 1, wherein In step seven, the buffer cut in the buffer area waits for the upper part of the building to collapse before being ignited.

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