Oil-containing pyrolysis gas dedusting device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of dust removal, and particularly relates to an oil-containing pyrolysis gas dust removal device. The oil-containing pyrolysis gas dust removal device comprises a shell (10), the shell (10) is provided with an air inlet (11), an air outlet (12) and a dust outlet (13), the shell (10) is provided with a filter assembly (20), the shell (10) is provided with a driving shaft (14), the filter assembly (20) is a metal mesh arranged on the driving shaft (14) at intervals, and the pyrolysis gas entering from the air inlet (11) is guided out from the air outlet (12) after passing through each metal mesh in sequence; the filter assembly (20) is provided with a cleaning assembly (30), and the filter assembly (20) can rotate relative to the cleaning assembly (30) to realize the scraping of the metal mesh surface by the cleaning assembly (30). The oil-containing pyrolysis gas is intercepted by the metal mesh, the oil-containing particles can be efficiently removed, the metal mesh is cleaned by the cleaning assembly, the oil-containing particles intercepted on the surface of the metal mesh are scraped off, and the mesh holes of the metal mesh are ensured to be unobstructed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of filtration and dust removal technology, and in particular to a dust removal device for oil-containing pyrolysis gas. Background Technology

[0002] Pyrolysis technology is a research hotspot both domestically and internationally. It enables the dual goals of energy and resource utilization from solid waste. The pyrolysis gas produced from the pyrolysis of solid wastes such as oily sludge, biomass, coal, and oil shale has a complex composition. Besides non-condensable gases at room temperature (CH4, H2, CO, etc.), it also contains tar vapor, water vapor, and dust. Due to the presence of tar vapor, the high-temperature pyrolysis gas is sensitive to temperature changes. Tar precipitates at around 400℃, and its interaction with dust causes blockages in dust collectors, pipes, and valves. Therefore, dust removal and purification of high-temperature pyrolysis gas is crucial for controlling particulate pollutant emissions, improving the quality and yield of pyrolysis products, and ensuring the normal operation of equipment.

[0003] The selection of pyrolysis gas dust removal equipment should consider the following two factors: (1) high temperature resistance; (2) high dust removal accuracy. Metal microporous filtration dust removal technology (metal membrane filtration technology) uses metal wire mesh as filter material and removes dust from gas by means of sieving, inertial collision and other mechanisms. At present, this technology is usually used to remove dust from high temperature gas. For example, Chinese patent document CN104826414 A discloses a flexible metal membrane bag dust collector, including a box, which achieves the purpose of high temperature gas dust removal by setting a flexible porous metal membrane filter bag in the box, and also has a back-blowing device to clean the filter bag. Although the above equipment is equipped with a back-blowing device, for oily gas with high viscosity, the oily gas is easy to condense and stick to the filter bag, resulting in poor back-blowing effect, thus affecting the normal operation of the dust collector.

[0004] Therefore, although metal membrane filtration technology has good heat resistance and high filtration accuracy, it still cannot effectively solve the problem of metal wire mesh filtration failing to operate properly due to dust deposition and oil and gas condensation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a dust removal device for oil-containing pyrolysis gas, which can effectively reduce the oil and particulate matter content in oil-containing pyrolysis gas and reduce the probability of pipeline blockage caused by oil-containing pyrolysis gas.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A dust removal device for oil-containing pyrolysis gas includes a housing with an air inlet, an air outlet, and a dust outlet. A filter assembly is installed inside the housing. The housing has a drive shaft. The filter assembly consists of metal meshes spaced apart on the drive shaft. Pyrolysis gas entering from the air inlet passes through each metal mesh in sequence and is then discharged from the air outlet. The filter assembly is equipped with a cleaning component, which can rotate relative to the cleaning component to scrape the surface of the metal mesh.

[0008] The inventive concept of this invention lies in employing a multi-layered metal mesh to pre-de-dust and remove oily components from the oily pyrolysis gas exiting the pyrolysis furnace, preventing subsequent coking. The oily pyrolysis gas continuously collides with the metal mesh, causing a large number of oily particles to adhere to its surface. A cleaning component continuously scrapes and removes these adhering oily particles. Furthermore, the good thermal conductivity of metal allows the high temperature of the pyrolysis gas to maintain a relatively high temperature on the metal mesh, enabling a significant portion of the oily particles to slide down the mesh surface to the bottom of the substrate, rather than adhering to the mesh surface, thus facilitating their removal by the cleaning component.

[0009] As an improvement, the cleaning component is fixedly connected to the drive shaft and driven to rotate by the drive shaft. As the cleaning component rotates with the drive shaft, it continuously scrapes against the filter component.

[0010] As an improvement, the cleaning component is a metal scraper, with a metal scraper placed between adjacent metal meshes. The two sides of the metal scraper abut against one side of the metal mesh, so that the metal scraper can directly act on the metal mesh.

[0011] As an improvement, the housing is equipped with an axial movement mechanism that allows the cleaning assembly to reciprocate along the drive shaft during rotation. During this reciprocating motion, intermittent pressure is applied to the metal mesh, increasing the pressure exerted by the cleaning assembly on the mesh surface and improving the removal effect of oil-containing particles.

[0012] As an improvement, the filter assembly is fixedly connected to the drive shaft and driven to rotate by the drive shaft. The advantage of rotating the filter assembly is that the metal mesh continuously cuts the oil-containing pyrolysis gas laterally during rotation, resulting in better retention of oil-containing particles. When the rotation speed of the filter assembly increases, it can also generate centrifugal force on the oil-containing pyrolysis gas, thereby throwing the oil-containing particles from the inner wall of the shell and improving the removal effect of oil-containing particles.

[0013] As an improvement, the cleaning assembly includes a solid-phase scraper and a non-solid-phase scraper. The solid-phase scraper consists of two metal plates arranged side by side, and the non-solid-phase scraper is formed between the two metal plates. The gap between the two metal plates forms a non-solid-phase medium channel, which communicates with an external non-solid-phase cleaning medium. This solution adds a non-solid-phase scraper, which can flush metal mesh openings that the solid-phase scraper cannot reach.

[0014] As a further improvement, the non-solid medium channel is flat, and the non-solid cleaning medium is an inert gas, such as nitrogen. The inert gas forms a flat air knife in the non-solid medium channel to achieve radial scouring of the metal mesh.

[0015] As an improvement, the housing is equipped with an axial movement mechanism that allows the filter assembly to reciprocate along the drive shaft during rotation.

[0016] As an improvement, the drive shaft is equipped with a high-temperature medium channel to prevent oil and gas from condensing and clogging the metal mesh.

[0017] As an improvement, the housing is provided with a dust collection bin, which is located below the dust outlet. The dust outlet is sealed by a dust outlet sealing plate, which can be moved back and forth under the action of a tension cylinder to open the dust outlet as needed.

[0018] In summary, this invention efficiently removes oil-containing particles by trapping oily pyrolysis gas on a metal mesh surface. Simultaneously, the use of solid-phase and non-solid-phase scrapers to clean the metal mesh surface ensures that the trapped oil-containing particles are promptly scraped off, maintaining the unobstructed flow of the mesh openings. This equipment can be used as a pre-dust removal device; after a large amount of oil-containing particles are removed, the probability of subsequent pipeline blockage is significantly reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section B;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the axial movement mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning component in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 BB cross-section;

[0025] In the diagram: 10. Housing; 11. Air inlet; 12. Air outlet; 13. Dust outlet; 14. Drive shaft; 141. First drive shaft; 142. Second drive shaft; 15. High-temperature medium channel; 16. Recessed groove; 17. Sealing box; 20. Filter assembly; 30. Cleaning assembly; 31. Metal sheet; 32. Non-solid phase medium channel; 40. Blowing circuit; 50. Axial movement mechanism; 51. Moving ring; 52. Adjusting stationary ring; 60. Dust collection bin; 61. Dust outlet sealing plate; 62. Tensioning cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the oil-containing pyrolysis gas dust removal equipment of the present invention has a main body of shell 10. An air inlet 11 and an air outlet 12 are simultaneously opened on the top of the shell 10. A blowing circuit 40 is provided at the air outlet 12. Sealing boxes 17 are provided on both sides of the shell 10, and an axial movement mechanism 50 is provided inside the sealing box 17. A drive shaft 14 is provided inside the shell 10. A high-temperature medium channel 15 is provided inside the drive shaft 14, and filter components 20 are arranged at intervals on the drive shaft 14. Filter components 20 are equipped with cleaning components 30. The cleaning components 30 are fixedly connected to the drive shaft 14. The filter components 20 are made of high-temperature resistant metal mesh. The cleaning components 30 are metal scrapers. A metal scraper is provided between adjacent metal meshes, with each side of the metal scraper abutting against one side of the metal mesh.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a recessed groove 16 is formed at the bottom of the housing 10. The recessed groove 16 is provided with a dust outlet 13, and dust outlets 13 are spaced apart between adjacent metal mesh surfaces. The housing 10 is provided with a conical dust collection bin 60, which is located below the dust outlet 13. The dust outlet 13 is sealed by a dust outlet sealing plate 61, which can be moved back and forth under the action of a tension cylinder 62 as needed to open the dust outlet 13.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the drive shaft 14 includes a first drive shaft 141 and a second drive shaft 142. The first drive shaft 141 is used to drive the cleaning assembly 30 to rotate. The axial movement mechanism 50 includes a moving ring 51 and an adjusting stationary ring 52. The moving ring 51 is fixed to the end of the second drive shaft 142, and the adjusting stationary ring 52 is fixed to the side wall of the sealing box 17. When the first drive shaft 141 drives the second drive shaft 142 to rotate coaxially, the cooperation between the moving ring 51 and the adjusting stationary ring 52 enables the second drive shaft 142 to reciprocate along the first drive shaft 141, thereby causing the cleaning assembly 30 to reciprocate along the drive shaft 14 during rotation.

[0030] Working Process: To prevent oil and gas from condensing and adhering to the metal mesh, a high-temperature medium is introduced into the high-temperature medium channel 15 before and during dust removal to preheat and maintain the temperature of the dust collector. Water vapor can be selected as the high-temperature medium. Oily pyrolysis gas enters the interior of the housing 10 through the inlet 11, passes through each metal mesh sequentially, and is then discharged from the outlet 12, completing the dust removal process. Under the combined action of the drive shaft 14 and the axial movement mechanism 50, the cleaning component 30 reciprocates along the drive shaft 14 during rotation. This rotational motion allows the cleaning component 30 to scrape the metal mesh from all directions, while the reciprocating motion intermittently applies pressure to the metal mesh, increasing the pressure on the mesh surface and thus improving the removal effect of oily particles.

[0031] The cleaning process for the metal mesh surface: A cleaning medium, specifically high-pressure nitrogen, is introduced into the purging circuit 40 to backwash the metal mesh surface. During this process, the air outlet must be closed.

[0032] Application effect: The initial temperature of the pyrolysis gas is 350-450℃, and the initial dust concentration is 55g / m³. 3 The flow rate is 600m³. 3 The flow rate is 15 m / s. The dust collector housing 10 has a diameter of 0.8 m and a length of 1.5 m. It has 6 metal mesh panels, each 5 cm thick, made of SUS310S (stainless steel, heat-resistant alloy steel) with a size of φ800 mm. The mesh apertures from the inlet to the outlet are 20 μm, 20 μm, 15 μm, 15 μm, 10 μm, and 10 μm respectively. The cleaning component 30 rotates at 10 r / min. High-temperature steam is introduced into the high-temperature medium channel. After passing through the dust collector, the dust concentration of the pyrolysis gas is 4 g / m³. 3 The dust removal efficiency is 92%.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0035] (1) The cleaning component 30 does not rotate, and the filter component 20 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 14 and driven to rotate by the drive shaft 14. The advantage of the filter component 20 rotating is that the metal mesh continuously cuts the oil-containing pyrolysis gas laterally when rotating, resulting in better interception of oil-containing particles; when the rotation speed of the filter component 20 increases, it can also generate centrifugal force on the oil-containing pyrolysis gas, thereby throwing the oil-containing particles to the inner wall of the shell, improving the removal effect of oil-containing particles.

[0036] (2) The cleaning component 30 does not reciprocate, while the filter component 20 reciprocates along the drive shaft 14 under the action of the axial movement mechanism 50.

[0037] (3) such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the cleaning assembly 30 includes a solid-phase scraper and a non-solid-phase scraper. The solid-phase scraper consists of two metal plates 31 arranged side by side, and the non-solid-phase scraper is formed between the two metal plates 31, forming a flat non-solid-phase medium channel 32. The non-solid-phase medium channel 32 is connected to an external non-solid-phase cleaning medium. The non-solid-phase cleaning medium is an inert gas, specifically nitrogen. The inert gas forms a flat air knife in the non-solid-phase medium channel 32 to achieve radial scouring of the metal mesh.

[0038] During dust removal operation, a solid-phase scraper is used to clean the metal mesh. Inert gas is not introduced at this time to avoid excessive flue gas production. After dust removal is completed, inert gas is introduced to rinse the metal mesh.

[0039] By using this type of cleaning component 30, the setting of the blow-wash circuit 40 can be eliminated.

Claims

1. A dust removal device for oil-containing pyrolysis gas, comprising a housing (10), the housing (10) having an air inlet (11), an air outlet (12), and a dust outlet (13), and a filter assembly (20) provided inside the housing (10), characterized in that: The housing (10) is provided with a drive shaft (14), and the filter assembly (20) is a metal mesh arranged at intervals on the drive shaft (14). The pyrolysis gas entering from the air inlet (11) passes through each metal mesh in sequence and is discharged from the air outlet (12). The filter assembly (20) is equipped with a cleaning assembly (30). The filter assembly (20) can rotate relative to the cleaning assembly (30) to achieve the scraping of the metal mesh surface by the cleaning assembly (30). The cleaning assembly (30) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft (14) and driven to rotate by the drive shaft (14). The housing (10) is provided with sealing boxes (17) on both sides, and the sealing boxes (17) are provided with axial movement mechanisms (5). 0); The drive shaft (14) includes a first drive shaft (141) and a second drive shaft (142). The axial movement mechanism (50) includes a moving ring (51) and an adjusting stationary ring (52). The moving ring (51) is fixed to the end of the second drive shaft (142), and the adjusting stationary ring (52) is fixed to the side wall of the sealing box (17). When the first drive shaft (141) drives the second drive shaft (142) to rotate coaxially, the mutual cooperation of the moving ring (51) and the adjusting stationary ring (52) enables the second drive shaft (142) to reciprocate along the first drive shaft (141), thereby causing the cleaning assembly (30) to reciprocate along the drive shaft (14) during rotation.

2. The oil-containing pyrolysis gas dust removal equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning component (30) is a metal scraper, with a metal scraper placed between adjacent metal meshes, and each side of the metal scraper abutting against one side of the metal mesh.

3. The oil-containing pyrolysis gas dust removal equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drive shaft (14) has a high-temperature medium channel (15) inside.

4. The oil-containing pyrolysis gas dust removal equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (10) is provided with a dust collection bin (60), which is located below the dust outlet (13). The dust outlet (13) is sealed by a dust outlet sealing plate (61). The dust outlet sealing plate (61) can move back and forth under the action of the tension cylinder (62) as needed to open the dust outlet (13).

5. A dust removal device for oil-containing pyrolysis gas, comprising a housing (10), the housing (10) having an air inlet (11), an air outlet (12), and a dust outlet (13), and a filter assembly (20) provided inside the housing (10), characterized in that: The housing (10) is provided with a drive shaft (14), and the filter assembly (20) is a metal mesh arranged at intervals on the drive shaft (14). The pyrolysis gas entering from the air inlet (11) passes through each metal mesh in sequence and is discharged from the air outlet (12). The filter assembly (20) is equipped with a cleaning assembly (30). The filter assembly (20) can rotate relative to the cleaning assembly (30) to achieve the scraping of the metal mesh surface by the cleaning assembly (30). The filter assembly (20) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft (14) and is driven to rotate by the drive shaft (14). The housing (10) is provided with sealing boxes (17) on both sides, and the sealing boxes (17) are provided with axial movement mechanisms (5). 0); The drive shaft (14) includes a first drive shaft (141) and a second drive shaft (142). The axial movement mechanism (50) includes a moving ring (51) and an adjusting stationary ring (52). The moving ring (51) is fixed to the end of the second drive shaft (142), and the adjusting stationary ring (52) is fixed to the side wall of the sealing box (17). When the first drive shaft (141) drives the second drive shaft (142) to rotate coaxially, the mutual cooperation of the moving ring (51) and the adjusting stationary ring (52) enables the second drive shaft (142) to reciprocate along the first drive shaft (141), thereby causing the cleaning assembly (30) to reciprocate along the drive shaft (14) during rotation.

6. The oil-containing pyrolysis gas dust removal equipment as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The cleaning component (30) includes a solid scraper and a non-solid scraper. The solid scraper is formed by two metal plates (31) arranged side by side. The non-solid scraper is formed between the two metal plates (31). The gap between the two metal plates (31) forms a non-solid medium channel (32). The non-solid medium channel (32) is connected to the external non-solid cleaning medium.

7. The oil-containing pyrolysis gas dust removal equipment as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The non-solid medium channel (32) is flat, and the non-solid cleaning medium is an inert gas. The inert gas forms a flat air knife in the non-solid medium channel (32) to achieve radial scouring of the metal mesh.

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