A variable speed transmission

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of gearboxes, specifically, a variable transmission, wherein the first main shaft, the second main shaft and the third main shaft are rotatably mounted in a housing, the first main shaft is connected to a travel motor mounted on the housing, the first and second main shafts are connected through a high-speed gear set and a low-speed gear set, the first main shaft is mounted with a gear seat rotating together with the first main shaft, the gear seat is linked to the high-speed gear set or the low-speed gear set through a gear sleeve driven by a slider to move axially; the third main shaft is mounted with a travel gear E driven by the high-speed gear set or the low-speed gear set, the third main shaft is also provided with a first planetary gear and a second planetary gear with the same structure, the first planetary gear inner gear and the second planetary gear inner gear are connected to the first outer gear rack and the second outer gear rack, the first planetary gear ring and the second planetary gear ring are connected to the steering motor through a steering gear set. The present invention controls the left and right speeds to turn, there is no braking resistance, and the turning is smooth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of gearboxes, in particular to a variable speed gearbox. Background Art

[0002] At present, tracked vehicles on the market (such as rice harvesters, corn harvesters, etc.) are driven by gearboxes directly connected to the drive shaft to drive the tracks. This structure achieves the steering function by braking and locking one half shaft and running the other half shaft. The existing gearbox has a single structure, large size, high failure rate, large space occupation, time-consuming and labor-intensive installation and disassembly, and difficult gearbox maintenance. The specific problems are as follows:

[0003] 1. Braking on one side and steering on the other side cannot accurately control the direction, so high-speed driving is not possible.

[0004] 2. Braking on one side and steering on the other side will cause great power loss to the diesel engine, virtually consuming more than twice the power and more fuel.

[0005] 3. Braking on one side and steering on the other side. This method causes the chassis and components to bear great torque, resulting in larger components, higher costs and higher failure rates.

[0006] 4. Brake on one side and push the other side to turn. Braking on one side and turning at high speed while driving will cause the vehicle to shake, which is particularly dangerous if the speed is slightly faster. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above problems existing in the existing one-side braking and the other-side pushing steering gearbox, the present invention aims to provide a variable transmission. The variable transmission achieves turning by controlling the left and right outputs to have different speeds.

[0008] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention includes a travel motor, a first main shaft, a gear seat, a gear sleeve, a slider, a high-speed gear set, a low-speed gear set, a second main shaft, a travel gear E, a third main shaft, a first planetary gear, a second planetary gear, a steering motor, a steering gear set, a first external gear rack, a second external gear rack and a housing, wherein the first main shaft, the second main shaft and the third main shaft are rotatably mounted in the housing, respectively, the first main shaft is connected to the travel motor mounted on the housing, the first main shaft and the second main shaft are connected via a high-speed gear set and a low-speed gear set, the first main shaft is mounted with a gear seat rotating together with the first main shaft, the gear seat is linked to the high-speed gear set or the low-speed gear set via a gear sleeve driven by the slider to move axially; the third main shaft is mounted with a travel gear driven by the high-speed gear set or the low-speed gear set E, the third main shaft is also provided with a first planetary gear and a second planetary gear with the same structure, the first planetary gear internal gear and the second planetary gear internal gear are respectively connected to the first outer gear carrier and the second outer gear carrier, the output power of the travel motor is transmitted to the third main shaft through the high-speed gear set, the travel gear E or the low-speed gear set, the travel gear E, the third main shaft drives the first outer gear carrier and the second outer gear carrier to rotate synchronously in the same direction through the first planetary gear internal gear and the second planetary gear internal gear, so as to realize the forward or backward movement of the tracked vehicle; the first planetary gear ring and the second planetary gear ring are respectively connected to the steering motor through the steering gear set, and the steering motor drives the first outer gear carrier and the second outer gear carrier to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction through the steering gear set, the first planetary gear ring and the second planetary gear ring when the tracked vehicle turns, so as to realize the steering of the tracked vehicle.

[0010] Wherein: the gear seat is fixed to the first main shaft, the outer ring of the gear seat is a gear meshing with the gear sleeve; the inner ring of the gear sleeve is a gear ring meshing with the gear seat, the outer ring of the gear sleeve is provided with an annular groove, one end of the slider is sleeved on the slider shaft installed in the box body, and can reciprocate along the slider shaft, and the other end of the slider is inserted in the annular groove; the slider drives the gear sleeve to slide, and then the gear seat is linked with the high-speed gear set or the gear seat is linked with the low-speed gear set through the gear sleeve.

[0011] The high-speed gear set and the low-speed gear set are respectively located on both sides of the gear seat, the high-speed gear set includes a travel gear A and a travel gear C, and the low-speed gear set includes a travel gear B and a travel gear D. The travel gear A and the travel gear B are respectively mounted on the first main shaft so as to be able to rotate relative to each other, the travel gear C and the travel gear D are respectively mounted on the second main shaft and are respectively linked to the second main shaft, and the travel gear C or the travel gear D is meshed with the travel gear E for transmission.

[0012] The first planetary gear comprises a first planetary gear sun gear, a first planetary gear internal gear and a first planetary gear ring gear. The first planetary gear sun gear is linked to the third main shaft or is an integral structure with the third main shaft. A plurality of first planetary gear internal gears are meshed between the inner teeth of the first planetary gear sun gear and the first planetary gear ring gear in the circumferential direction. The axles of each of the first planetary gear internal gears are respectively fixedly connected to a first outer gear carrier rotatably mounted on the third main shaft, and the outer teeth of the first planetary gear ring gear are meshed with the steering gear set for transmission.

[0013] The second planetary gear includes a second planetary gear sun gear, a second planetary gear internal gear and a second planetary gear ring gear. The second planetary gear sun gear is linked to the third main shaft or is an integral structure with the third main shaft. A plurality of second planetary gear internal gears are meshed between the inner teeth of the second planetary gear sun gear and the second planetary gear ring gear in the circumferential direction. The axles of each of the second planetary gear internal gears are respectively fixedly connected to a second outer gear carrier rotatably mounted on the third main shaft, and the outer teeth of the second planetary gear ring gear are meshed with the steering gear set for transmission.

[0014] The steering gear set includes a first steering gear, a second steering gear, a third steering gear and a fourth steering gear that are meshed and driven in sequence. The wheel axles of each steering gear are rotatably installed in the box. The outer teeth of the first planetary gear ring are meshed with the fourth steering gear, and the outer teeth of the second planetary gear ring are meshed with the third steering gear.

[0015] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. The present invention controls the left and right rotation speeds to turn, has no braking resistance, makes the turn smooth, and does not consume the power of the diesel engine to push the brake, thus saving fuel for the user.

[0017] 2. The present invention controls the left and right rotation speeds to steer, does not require braking, has low torque on the chassis and components, and components do not need to bear too much force. Components of the same material will reduce the failure rate.

[0018] 3. The present invention can effectively control the turning speed and angle, making driving smooth and greatly improving driving performance and safety.

[0019] 4. The present invention can effectively control the turning angle, which is conducive to high-speed driving and lays a foundation for high-speed driving of harvesters or crawler vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a front view of the structure without the travel motor of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A-A sectional view;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 2 B-B sectional view;

[0024] Among them: 1 is the travel motor, 2 is the first main shaft, 3 is the gear seat, 4 is the gear sleeve, 5 is the slider, 6 is the travel gear A, 7 is the travel gear B, 8 is the travel gear C, 9 is the travel gear D, 10 is the second main shaft, 11 is the travel gear E, 12 is the third main shaft, 13 is the first planetary gear internal gear, 14 is the second planetary gear internal gear, 15 is the first planetary gear ring gear, 16 is the second planetary gear ring gear, 17 is the steering motor, 18 is the first steering gear, 19 is the second steering gear, 20 is the third steering gear, 21 is the fourth steering gear, 22 is the first outer gear rack, 23 is the second outer gear rack, 24 is the box body, 25 is the slider shaft, and 26 is the locking shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention includes a travel motor 1, a first main shaft 2, a gear seat 3, a gear sleeve 4, a slider 5, a high-speed gear set, a low-speed gear set, a second main shaft 10, a travel gear E11, a third main shaft 12, a first planetary gear, a second planetary gear, a steering motor 17, a steering gear set, a first outer gear rack 22, a second outer gear rack 23 and a box 24, wherein both ends of the first main shaft 2, both ends of the second main shaft 10 and both ends of the third main shaft 12 are rotatably mounted in the box 24 through bearings respectively, the first main shaft 2, the second main shaft 10 and the third main shaft 12 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the first main shaft 2 is connected to the output end of the travel motor 1 fixed on the box 24, and the travel motor 1 drives the first main shaft 2 to rotate; the first The main shaft 2 is connected to the second main shaft 10 through a high-speed gear set and a low-speed gear set. The first main shaft 2 is provided with a gear seat 3 that rotates together with the first main shaft 2. The gear seat 3 is linked to the high-speed gear set or the low-speed gear set through a gear sleeve 4 that is driven by a slider 5 to move axially along the first main shaft 2. The third main shaft 12 is provided with a travel gear E11 that is driven by the high-speed gear set or the low-speed gear set. The third main shaft 12 is also provided with a first planetary gear and a second planetary gear of the same structure. The axle of the first planetary gear internal gear 13 is fixedly connected to the first external gear rack 22 rotatably mounted on the third main shaft 12, and the axle of the second planetary gear internal gear 14 is fixedly connected to the second external gear rack 23 rotatably mounted on the third main shaft 12.

[0027] The gear holder 3 of this embodiment is fixed to the first main shaft 2, and the outer ring of the gear holder 3 is a gear meshing with the gear sleeve 4. The inner ring of the gear sleeve 4 of this embodiment is a gear ring meshing with the gear holder 3, and the outer ring of the gear sleeve 4 is provided with an annular groove. One end of the slider 5 is sleeved on the slider shaft 25 installed in the box body 24, and can reciprocate along the slider shaft 25, and the other end of the slider 5 is always inserted in the annular groove of the gear sleeve 4. The slider shaft 25 is parallel to the first main shaft 2, the second main shaft 10 and the third main shaft 12 respectively. The slider 5 drives the gear sleeve 4 to slide through an external force, and then the gear holder 3 is linked with the high-speed gear set or the gear holder 3 is linked with the low-speed gear set through the gear sleeve 4. The external force driving the slider 5 to reciprocate along the slider shaft 25 can be provided by a manual or electric drive swing arm, which is a prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0028] The high-speed gear set and the low-speed gear set of this embodiment are respectively located on both sides of the gear seat 3. The high-speed gear set includes a travel gear A6 and a travel gear C8, and the low-speed gear set includes a travel gear B7 and a travel gear D9. The travel gear A6 and the travel gear B7 are respectively mounted on the first main shaft 2 so as to be relatively rotatable. The travel gear C8 and the travel gear D9 are respectively mounted on the second main shaft 10 and are respectively linked to the second main shaft 10. The travel gear C8 or the travel gear D9 is meshed with the travel gear E11 for transmission. The travel gear E11 of this embodiment is meshed with the travel gear D9 for transmission. A locking shaft 26 which is an integral structure with the travel gear B7 is provided on the right side of the travel gear B7 of this embodiment. The locking shaft 26 is rotatably mounted on the box body 24. When the transmission is not working, the travel gear B7 can be locked by the handbrake structure at the right end of the locking shaft 26. This is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0029] The first planetary gear and the second planetary gear of this embodiment are respectively located on both sides of the traveling gear E11. The first planetary gear includes a first planetary gear sun gear, a first planetary gear internal gear 13 and a first planetary gear ring gear 15. The first planetary gear sun gear is linked with the third main shaft 12 or is an integral structure with the third main shaft 12. A plurality of first planetary gear internal gears 13 are meshed between the internal teeth of the first planetary gear sun gear and the first planetary gear ring gear 15 along the circumferential direction. The axles of the first planetary gear internal gears 13 are respectively fixedly connected to the first external gear carrier 22 rotatably mounted on the third main shaft 12, and the external teeth of the first planetary gear ring gear 15 are meshed with the steering gear set for transmission.

[0030] The second planetary gear of the present embodiment includes a second planetary gear sun gear, a second planetary gear internal gear 14 and a second planetary gear ring gear 16. The second planetary gear sun gear is linked to the third main shaft 12 or is an integral structure with the third main shaft 12. A plurality of second planetary gear internal gears 14 are meshed along the circumferential direction between the internal teeth of the second planetary gear sun gear and the second planetary gear ring gear 16. The axles of the second planetary gear internal gears 14 are respectively fixedly connected to the second external gear carrier 23 rotatably mounted on the third main shaft 12, and the external teeth of the second planetary gear ring gear 16 are meshed with the steering gear set for transmission.

[0031] The steering gear set of this embodiment includes a first steering gear 18, a second steering gear 19, a third steering gear 20 and a fourth steering gear 21 which are meshed and driven in sequence. The axles of each steering gear are rotatably mounted in a housing 24. The outer teeth of the first planetary gear ring 15 mesh with the fourth steering gear 21, and the outer teeth of the second planetary gear ring 16 mesh with the third steering gear 20. The axles of each steering gear of this embodiment are parallel to the first main shaft 2, the second main shaft 10 and the third main shaft 12, and the axle of the fourth steering gear 21 is located below the axle of the third steering gear 20; the second steering gear 19 and the fourth steering gear 21 are both double gears, and the two gears of the second steering gear 19 are respectively meshed with the first steering gear 18 and the third steering gear 20, and the two gears of the fourth steering gear 21 are respectively meshed with the outer teeth of the third steering gear 20 and the first planetary gear ring 15.

[0032] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0033] Normal driving: The travel motor 1 works, and the steering motor 17 does not work. The travel motor 1 drives the first main shaft 2 to rotate. The first main shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the gear holder 3, thereby driving the gear holder 3 to rotate. The travel gear A6 matches the travel gear C8 and meshes with the travel gear B7 matches the travel gear D9 and meshes with the travel gear C8 and D9 are fixedly connected to the second main shaft 10. The sliding of the slider 5 drives the gear sleeve 4 to achieve high and low speed gear switching. When the slider 5 is in the high speed gear (i.e. Figure 3In the position shown), the tooth seat 3 and the travel gear A6 are connected as a whole through the tooth sleeve 4. The tooth seat 3 drives the travel gear A6 to rotate, and through the meshing transmission between the travel gear A6 and the travel gear C8, the second main shaft 10 is driven to rotate, and then the travel gear D9 is driven to rotate. Although the travel gear D9 is meshed with the travel gear B7, the travel gear B7 and the first main shaft 2 can rotate relative to each other, so the power transmission is not affected. When the slider 5 is in the low-speed gear position, the tooth seat 3 and the travel gear B7 are connected as a whole through the tooth sleeve 4. The tooth seat 3 drives the travel gear B7 to rotate, and then the travel gear D9, the second main shaft 10, and the travel gear C8 are driven to rotate. Although the travel gear C8 is meshed with the travel gear A6, the travel gear A6 and the first main shaft 2 can rotate relative to each other, so the power transmission is not affected. The travel gear E11 is fixedly connected to the third main shaft 12, and the travel gear D9 rotates, driving the travel gear E11 and the third main shaft 12 to rotate. The rotation of the third main shaft 12 drives multiple first planetary gear internal gears 13 and multiple second planetary gear internal gears 14 to rotate synchronously. Since the outer teeth of the first planetary gear ring 15 and the outer teeth of the second planetary gear ring 16 are respectively meshed with the steering gear set, they are restricted by the steering motor 17 and the first planetary gear ring 15 and the second planetary gear ring 16 are fixed and do not rotate. In this way, the first planetary gear internal gear 13 drives the first outer gear carrier 22 to rotate, and the second planetary gear internal gear 14 drives the second outer gear carrier 23 to rotate; the first outer gear carrier 22 and the second outer gear carrier 23 rotate synchronously in the same direction to connect the tracks on both sides of the tracked vehicle to realize the forward or backward movement of the tracked vehicle.

[0034] Vehicle steering: When the tracked vehicle needs to turn, the steering motor 17 works, and the steering motor 17 drives the first steering gear 18, the second steering gear 19, and the third steering gear 20 to rotate; while the third steering gear 20 rotates, it drives the fourth steering gear 21 and the second planetary gear ring 16 to rotate synchronously, and the fourth steering gear 21 rotates to drive the first planetary gear ring 15 to rotate. At this time, the first planetary gear ring 15 and the second planetary gear ring 16 rotate synchronously and in opposite directions. The rotation of the first planetary gear ring 15 drives the first planetary gear inner gears 13 to rotate, and then drives the first outer gear carrier 22 to rotate; the rotation of the second planetary gear ring 16 drives the second planetary gear inner gears 14 to rotate, and then drives the second outer gear carrier 23 to rotate. The first outer gear carrier 22 and the second outer gear carrier 23 rotate synchronously in opposite directions, and the steering of the tracked vehicle is achieved without braking and without braking resistance.

[0035] The left or right turn of the crawler vehicle can be realized by changing the forward or reverse rotation of the steering motor 17. When the vehicle is running normally (the travel motor 1 is working), the steering motor 17 is turned, and the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear form a differential, so that the crawler vehicle can turn while driving. When the travel motor 1 is not working and the steering motor 17 is working, the vehicle can turn in place.

Claims

1. A variable speed transmission, characterized in that: The invention comprises a travel motor (1), a first main shaft (2), a gear seat (3), a gear sleeve (4), a slide block (5), a high-speed gear set, a low-speed gear set, a second main shaft (10), a travel gear E (11), a third main shaft (12), a first planetary gear, a second planetary gear, a steering motor (17), a steering gear set, a first external gear rack (22), a second external gear rack (23) and a housing (24), wherein the first main shaft (2), the second main shaft (10) and the third main shaft (12) are rotatably mounted in the housing (24), and ...1 A main shaft (2) is connected to a travel motor (1) mounted on a housing (24); the first main shaft (2) is connected to a second main shaft (10) via a high-speed gear set and a low-speed gear set; the first main shaft (2) is mounted with a gear seat (3) that rotates together with the first main shaft (2); the gear seat (3) is linked to the high-speed gear set or the low-speed gear set via a gear sleeve (4) that is driven by a slider (5) to move axially; the third main shaft (12) is mounted with a travel gear that is driven by the high-speed gear set or the low-speed gear set. The third main shaft (12) is also provided with a first planetary gear and a second planetary gear of the same structure, the first planetary gear internal gear (13) and the second planetary gear internal gear (14) are respectively connected to the first external gear carrier (22) and the second external gear carrier (23), the output power of the travel motor (1) is transmitted to the third main shaft (12) through the high-speed gear set and the travel gear E (11) or the low-speed gear set and the travel gear E (11), and the third main shaft (12) is transmitted to the third main shaft (12) through the first planetary gear internal gear (13) and the second planetary gear internal gear (14). The internal gear (14) drives the first external gear carrier (22) and the second external gear carrier (23) to rotate synchronously in the same direction, thereby enabling the tracked vehicle to move forward or backward; the first planetary gear ring (15) and the second planetary gear ring (16) are respectively connected to a steering motor (17) via a steering gear set; when the tracked vehicle turns, the steering motor (17) drives the first external gear carrier (22) and the second external gear carrier (23) to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction via the steering gear set, the first planetary gear ring (15) and the second planetary gear ring (16), thereby enabling the tracked vehicle to turn; The first planetary gear comprises a first planetary gear sun gear, a first planetary gear internal gear (13) and a first planetary gear ring (15); the first planetary gear sun gear is linked to the third main shaft (12) or is an integral structure with the third main shaft (12); a plurality of first planetary gear internal gears (13) are meshed between the internal teeth of the first planetary gear sun gear and the first planetary gear ring (15) along the circumferential direction; the axles of the first planetary gear internal gears (13) are respectively fixedly connected to a first external gear carrier (22) rotatably mounted on the third main shaft (12); the external teeth of the first planetary gear ring (15) are meshed with the steering gear set for transmission; the first planetary gear ring (15) is rotatably mounted on the first external gear carrier (22) away from the travel gear E (11) via a bearing; The second planetary gear comprises a second planetary gear sun gear, a second planetary gear internal gear (14) and a second planetary gear ring gear (16); the second planetary gear sun gear is linked to the third main shaft (12) or is an integral structure with the third main shaft (12); a plurality of second planetary gear internal gears (14) are meshed in the circumferential direction between the internal teeth of the second planetary gear sun gear and the second planetary gear ring gear (16); the wheel axles of the second planetary gear internal gears (14) are respectively fixedly connected to a second external gear carrier (23) rotatably mounted on the third main shaft (12); the external teeth of the second planetary gear ring gear (16) are meshed with the steering gear set for transmission; the second planetary gear ring gear (16) is rotatably mounted on the second external gear carrier (23) away from the travel gear E (11) via a bearing; The high-speed gear set and the low-speed gear set are respectively located on both sides of the gear seat (3); the high-speed gear set includes a travel gear A (6) and a travel gear C (8); the low-speed gear set includes a travel gear B (7) and a travel gear D (9); the travel gear A (6) and the travel gear B (7) are respectively mounted on the first main shaft (2) so as to be relatively rotatable; the travel gear C (8) and the travel gear D (9) are respectively mounted on the second main shaft (10) and are respectively linked to the second main shaft (10); the travel gear C (8) or the travel gear D (9) is meshed with the travel gear E (11) for transmission.

2. The variable speed transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear seat (3) is fixedly connected to the first main shaft (2); the outer ring of the gear seat (3) is a gear meshing with the gear sleeve (4); the inner ring of the gear sleeve (4) is a gear ring meshing with the gear seat (3); the outer ring of the gear sleeve (4) is provided with an annular groove; one end of the slider (5) is sleeved on a slider shaft (25) installed in the box body (24) and can reciprocate along the slider shaft (25); the other end of the slider (5) is inserted into the annular groove; the slider (5) drives the gear sleeve (4) to slide, thereby linking the gear seat (3) with the high-speed gear set or the gear seat (3) with the low-speed gear set through the gear sleeve (4).

3. The variable speed transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering gear set comprises a first steering gear (18), a second steering gear (19), a third steering gear (20) and a fourth steering gear (21) which are meshed and driven in sequence, the wheel shafts of each steering gear are rotatably mounted in a housing (24), the outer teeth of the first planetary gear ring (15) are meshed with the fourth steering gear (21), and the outer teeth of the second planetary gear ring (16) are meshed with the third steering gear (20).

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