High-reliability positioning locking and unlocking mechanism and photoelectric tracking turntable

Abstract

This invention relates to a highly reliable positioning, locking, and unlocking mechanism and a photoelectric tracking turntable, mainly addressing the technical problems of existing positioning, locking, and unlocking mechanisms, such as large impact during unlocking, low reliability, or long unlocking time. The mechanism includes a locking sub-component, a locking support, a lug, and a locking female component. The locking sub-component includes a first connecting segment, a second connecting segment, and a third connecting segment that are coaxial and connected sequentially. The diameters of the first, second, and third connecting segments decrease sequentially. The first and second connecting segments have placement holes along their axial directions. The locking support is used to install on a fixed component of the positioning, locking, and unlocking mechanism, and has a first through hole along its axial direction that matches the second connecting segment, with a connecting concave surface at one end. The lug is used to install on a rotating component of the positioning, locking, and unlocking mechanism, and has a second through hole along its axial direction that matches the third connecting segment, with a connecting convex surface at one end that matches the connecting concave surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a positioning, locking, and unlocking mechanism, specifically a highly reliable positioning, locking, and unlocking mechanism and a photoelectric tracking turntable. Background Technology

[0002] A space-based two-dimensional photoelectric tracking and imaging turntable, or simply a two-dimensional tracking turntable, is equipped with a camera for two-dimensional rotational tracking and imaging in space. During launch, it must withstand the impact and vibration forces transmitted from the launch vehicle. To prevent damage to itself, the onboard load, and surrounding instruments due to forced rotation of the turntable's shaft system during launch, its rotational freedom in two directions must be restricted. Furthermore, after orbit insertion, the turntable must restore its two-dimensional rotational freedom to ensure the optical load functions normally. Therefore, a reliable and secure locking, unlocking, and separation mechanism is crucial for the tracking and imaging payload to function properly after orbit insertion. Additionally, the mechanical conditions experienced by the two-dimensional tracking turntable during launch are complex. It must simultaneously resist forces transmitted from the launch vehicle in three directions and possess a certain positioning capability at the separation surface to reduce shear and tensile stresses. Therefore, an additional positioning, locking, and unlocking mechanism is required.

[0003] Existing photoelectric tracking turntables typically employ one or more independent positioning, locking, and unlocking mechanisms. These mechanisms use pyrotechnics, shape memory alloys, or hot-blade-type positioning, locking, and unlocking devices to restrict and restore the turntable's degrees of freedom. However, these unlocking methods have significant drawbacks. Pyrotechnics require larger bolt diameters to provide greater axial tensile and radial shear forces, leading to increased pyrotechnic size and mass, increased separation energy reserves, significant impact on the platform structure during operation, and high costs. Separation devices based on shape memory alloys are simple in principle, reusable, low in cost, and have minimal impact on the platform. However, they are sensitive to ambient temperature, have low recovery and start-up temperatures, and are unreliable in unlocking processes without temperature control protection, making them prone to false locking. Hot-blade-type unlocking and release devices are a typical non-pyrotechnic device. They unlock by heating a hot blade to melt the rope, but the unlocking time is long, and the axial tensile and radial shear resistance is weak. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of existing positioning locking and unlocking mechanisms, such as large impact during unlocking, low reliability, or long unlocking time, and to provide a highly reliable positioning locking and unlocking mechanism and photoelectric tracking turntable.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A highly reliable positioning locking and unlocking mechanism, characterized by:

[0007] Includes locking sub-components, locking supports, lugs, and locking nuts;

[0008] The locking component includes a first connecting segment, a second connecting segment, and a third connecting segment that are coaxial and connected in sequence. The diameters of the first connecting segment, the second connecting segment, and the third connecting segment decrease sequentially. A first step is formed at the connection between the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment, and a second step is formed at the connection between the second connecting segment and the third connecting segment. The first connecting segment and the second connecting segment have placement holes along their axial direction for placing an external destructive device that separates the second connecting segment from the third connecting segment, thereby unlocking the device.

[0009] The locking support is used to be installed on the fixed part of the locking and unlocking mechanism to be positioned. It has a first through hole adapted to the second connecting section along its axial direction and a connecting concave surface at one end. The lug is used to be installed on the rotating part of the locking and unlocking mechanism to be positioned. It has a second through hole adapted to the third connecting section along its axial direction and a connecting convex surface adapted to the connecting concave surface at one end.

[0010] When locked in position, the concave surface of the connection abuts against the convex surface of the connection, the first step abuts against the other end of the locking support, the second connecting section is connected to the first through hole, the third connecting section passes through the second through hole and connects to the locking nut, and one end face of the locking nut abuts against the other end of the lug.

[0011] Furthermore, an annular groove is provided on the outer circumferential surface between the third connecting segment and the second step;

[0012] The placement hole is a stepped hole, with its inner diameter decreasing sequentially from the locking member to the lug. The inner diameter of the bottom of the placement hole is equal to the diameter of the third connecting section located in the annular groove. There is an axial gap between the bottom of the placement hole and the second step.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of the lug is provided with a connecting groove that is adapted to the second connecting section, and the depth of the connecting groove corresponds to the axial width of the annular groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the connecting concave surface is a spherical concave surface, and the connecting convex surface is a spherical convex surface;

[0015] Alternatively, the connecting concave surface may be a conical concave surface, and the connecting convex surface may be a conical convex surface.

[0016] Furthermore, the other end of the lug is detachably connected to a receiving compartment;

[0017] The receiving chamber cover is located on the outside of the locking nut, and an energy-absorbing component is provided on the side of the receiving chamber away from the lug.

[0018] Furthermore, the other end of the locking support is provided with a mounting groove, and an adjusting washer is provided in the mounting groove, with the first step abutting against the adjusting washer.

[0019] Furthermore, the lug is made of aluminum alloy, and the locking support is made of titanium alloy.

[0020] Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a photoelectric tracking turntable, including a base, a rotating frame mounted on the base, and a locking and unlocking mechanism for locking and unlocking the rotating frame; the locking and unlocking mechanism adopts the aforementioned high-reliability positioning locking and unlocking mechanism;

[0021] The locking support is mounted on the base via a mounting bracket, and the lug is mounted on the rotating frame.

[0022] Furthermore, the mounting base is connected to the base by connecting bolts, and a trimming pad is provided between the mounting base and the base.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. This invention uses a concave and convex connecting surface to withstand radial shear force, so that the locking component only needs to withstand axial tensile force. This allows it to maintain a stable locking state when subjected to impact forces from different directions, improving the reliability of locking. Furthermore, the diameter of the connection between the second and third connecting sections on the locking component is small, requiring less destructive energy during unlocking, thus preventing damage to the locking and unlocking mechanism during unlocking. At the same time, the structure is simple and the unlocking speed is fast.

[0025] 2. This invention uses aluminum alloy as the lug material and titanium alloy as the locking support material, which solves the problem of low-temperature cold welding that easily occurs in the connection pair formed by the locking part and the lug, while ensuring the strength and rigidity of the two parts. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a highly reliable positioning, locking, and unlocking mechanism of the present invention (the receiving compartment is not shown in the figure);

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a photoelectric tracking turntable according to the present invention.

[0028] In the picture:

[0029] 1-Locking component, 11-First connecting section, 12-Second connecting section, 13-Third connecting section, 14-First step, 15-Second step, 16-Placement hole, 17-Annular groove;

[0030] 2-Locking support, 21-First through hole, 22-Connecting concave surface;

[0031] 3-Lug, 31-Second through hole, 32-Connecting convex surface, 33-Connecting groove;

[0032] 4-Locking female part, 5-Accommodation chamber, 6-Adjusting washer;

[0033] 7-Base, 8-Rotating bracket, 9-Mounting base, 10-Trim pad. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, advantages, and features of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of a highly reliable positioning, locking, and unlocking mechanism and photoelectric tracking turntable proposed by the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, will be provided. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer according to the following specific embodiments. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, only used to conveniently and clearly assist in illustrating the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention; secondly, the structures shown in the drawings are often part of the actual structure.

[0035] This embodiment provides a highly reliable positioning, locking, and unlocking mechanism, referencing... Figure 1 The mechanism includes a locking sub-component 1, a locking support 2, a lug 3, and a locking nut 4.

[0036] The locking component 1 includes a first connecting segment 11, a second connecting segment 12, and a third connecting segment 13 that are coaxial and connected in sequence. The diameters of the first connecting segment 11, the second connecting segment 12, and the third connecting segment 13 decrease sequentially, thereby forming a first step 14 at the connection between the first connecting segment 11 and the second connecting segment 12, and a second step 15 at the connection between the second connecting segment 12 and the third connecting segment 13. A placement hole 16 is provided along the axial direction of the first connecting segment 11 and the second connecting segment 12 to place an external destructive device that can separate the second connecting segment 12 from the third connecting segment 13. In this embodiment, the external destructive device is an explosive excited by a 5A DC ignition tube, which detonates... This allows the connection between the second connecting segment 12 and the third connecting segment 13 to be completely broken, thereby achieving unlocking. Preferably, the placement hole 16 is set as a stepped hole, with its inner diameter decreasing sequentially along the direction from the locking member 1 to the lug 3. An annular groove 17 is provided on the outer circumferential surface between the third connecting segment 13 and the second step 15. The inner diameter at the bottom of the placement hole 16 is equal to the diameter of the third connecting segment 13 located in the annular groove 17. Compared with the diameter of the rest of the locking member 1, the diameter here is smaller, which facilitates the effective separation of the second connecting segment 12 and the third connecting segment 13. There is an axial gap between the bottom of the placement hole 16 and the second step 15, so that the locking member 1 can withstand a certain axial tensile force.

[0037] The locking support 2 is used to install on the fixed part of the locking and unlocking mechanism to be positioned. It has a first through hole 21 along its axial direction that matches the second connecting section 12, and a connecting concave surface 22 at one end. An installation groove is provided at the other end of the locking support 2, and an adjusting washer 6 is placed in the installation groove. The lug 3 is used to install on the rotating part of the locking and unlocking mechanism to be positioned. In this embodiment, its material is aluminum alloy, while the locking support 2 is made of titanium alloy, thus preventing low-temperature cold welding when the lug 3 and the locking support 2 are fitted together, while ensuring the strength and rigidity of both parts. The lug 3 has a second through hole 31 along its axial direction that matches the third connecting section 13, and a connecting convex surface 32 at one end that matches the connecting concave surface 22. A connecting groove 33 at one end of the lug 3 matches the second connecting section 12. The depth of the connecting groove 33 corresponds to the axial width of the annular groove 17, and the second step 15 is located outside the connecting groove 33 when locked. By connecting the concave surface 22 and the convex surface 32 to cooperate with each other during locking, a connecting pair is formed. This connecting pair can counteract radial shear forces, preventing unexpected breakage of the second connecting segment 12 and the third connecting segment 13 caused by the shear force, thus improving the reliability of the mechanism. Specifically, the connecting convex surface 32 and the connecting concave surface 22 can be spherical concave and spherical convex, or conical concave and conical convex, respectively, as long as they can form a tight connecting pair and withstand a certain amount of shear force.

[0038] When locking is required, the connecting concave surface 22 abuts against the connecting convex surface 32 to form a connecting pair; then, the locking sub-part 1 is inserted into the locking support 2, so that the first step 14 on the locking sub-part 1 abuts against the adjusting washer 6, the second connecting section 12 is connected to the first through hole 21, and the third connecting section 13 passes through the second through hole 31 and connects to the locking nut 4. One end face of the locking nut 4 abuts against the other end of the lug 3. In this embodiment, an external thread is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the third connecting section 13, and an internal thread is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the locking nut 4, so that the third connecting section 13 and the locking nut 4 form a threaded connection pair, thereby achieving locking. Of course, in other embodiments of the invention, snap-fit, bolt connection, or other methods can also be used to achieve the connection between the third connecting section 13 and the locking nut 4.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to prevent damage to the locking and unlocking mechanism of the third connecting section 13 and the locking nut 4 during separation, a receiving chamber 5 is detachably connected to the other end of the lug 3; specifically, the receiving chamber 5 can be connected to the lug 3 by a flange, so that the receiving chamber 5 covers the outside of the locking nut 4, and an energy-absorbing element is provided on the side of the receiving chamber 5 away from the lug 3. The energy-absorbing element is made of a flexible material and can absorb the impact generated by the third connecting section 13 and the locking nut 4 when the second connecting section 12 and the third connecting section 13 are separated, thereby reducing vibration.

[0040] This embodiment provides a photoelectric tracking turntable, reference... Figure 2 The turntable includes a base 7, a rotating frame 8 mounted on the base 7, a mounting seat 9 detachably connected to the base 7, and a locking and unlocking mechanism for locking and unlocking the rotating frame 8. The locking and unlocking mechanism adopts a highly reliable locking and unlocking mechanism as described above. The locking support 2 is mounted on the mounting seat 9. Specifically, the mounting seat 9 is connected to the base 7 by connecting bolts. A trimming pad 10 is provided between the mounting seat 9 and the base 7 to make slight adjustments to the height of the locking support 2, so that the connecting concave surface 22 on the locking support 2 and the connecting convex surface 32 on the lug 3 can be precisely matched and connected. The lug 3 is mounted on the rotating frame 8, or the lug 3 is integrally formed with the rotating frame 8.

[0041] Of course, the application of the above-mentioned highly reliable locking and unlocking mechanism in the photoelectric tracking turntable is only one specific application scenario provided by the present invention. It can also be applied to other rotating mechanisms, such as the pressing and releasing device of solar panels.

Claims

1. A highly reliable positioning, locking, and unlocking mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a locking sub-component (1), a locking support (2), a lug (3), and a locking nut (4); The locking component (1) includes a first connecting segment (11), a second connecting segment (12), and a third connecting segment (13) that are coaxial and connected in sequence; the diameters of the first connecting segment (11), the second connecting segment (12), and the third connecting segment (13) decrease sequentially; a first step (14) is formed at the connection between the first connecting segment (11) and the second connecting segment (12), and a second step (15) is formed at the connection between the second connecting segment (12) and the third connecting segment (13); the first connecting segment (11) and the second connecting segment (12) are provided with placement holes (16) along their axial direction for placing an external destructive device that separates the second connecting segment (12) from the third connecting segment (13) to achieve unlocking; The locking support (2) is used to be installed on the fixed part of the locking and unlocking mechanism to be positioned. It has a first through hole (21) adapted to the second connecting section (12) along its axial direction and a connecting concave surface (22) at one end. The lug (3) is used to be installed on the rotating part of the locking and unlocking mechanism to be positioned. It has a second through hole (31) adapted to the third connecting section (13) along its axial direction and a connecting convex surface (32) adapted to the connecting concave surface (22) at one end. When the positioning is locked, the connecting concave surface (22) abuts against the connecting convex surface (32), the first step (14) abuts against the other end of the locking support (2), the second connecting section (12) is connected to the first through hole (21), the third connecting section (13) passes through the second through hole (31) and is connected to the locking nut (4), and one side end face of the locking nut (4) abuts against the other end of the lug (3); The connecting concave surface (22) is a spherical concave surface, and the connecting convex surface (32) is a spherical convex surface; Alternatively, the connecting concave surface (22) is a conical concave surface, and the connecting convex surface (32) is a conical convex surface; By connecting the concave surface (22) and connecting the convex surface (32) to cooperate with each other during locking, a connecting pair is formed, so that when the mechanism is subjected to radial shear force, the connecting pair formed can cancel the shear force. An annular groove (17) is provided on the outer circumferential surface between the third connecting section (13) and the second step (15); The placement hole (16) is a stepped hole, and its inner diameter decreases sequentially from the locking part (1) to the lug (3). The inner diameter of the bottom of the placement hole (16) is equal to the diameter of the third connecting section (13) located in the annular groove (17). There is an axial gap between the bottom of the placement hole (16) and the second step (15). One end of the lug (3) is provided with a connecting groove (33) that is adapted to the second connecting section (12), and the depth of the connecting groove (33) corresponds to the width of the annular groove (17) along the axial direction.

2. The highly reliable positioning, locking, and unlocking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the lug (3) is detachably connected to a receiving compartment (5); The receiving chamber (5) is covered on the outside of the locking nut (4), and an energy-absorbing element is provided on the side of the receiving chamber (5) away from the lug (3).

3. The highly reliable positioning, locking, and unlocking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The other end of the locking support (2) is provided with an installation groove, and an adjusting washer (6) is provided in the installation groove. The first step (14) abuts against the adjusting washer (6).

4. The highly reliable positioning, locking, and unlocking mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lug (3) is made of aluminum alloy, and the locking support (2) is made of titanium alloy.

5. A photoelectric tracking turntable, comprising a base (7), a rotating frame (8) mounted on the base (7), and a locking and unlocking mechanism for locking and unlocking the rotating frame (8); Its features are: The locking and unlocking mechanism adopts a high-reliability positioning locking and unlocking mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-4; The locking support (2) is mounted on the base (7) via the mounting base (9), and the lug (3) is mounted on the rotating frame (8).

6. The photoelectric tracking turntable according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting base (9) is connected to the base (7) by connecting bolts, and a trimming pad (10) is provided between the mounting base (9) and the base (7).

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