Method and device for dressing a worm wheel of an involute cylindrical gear

Abstract

The application discloses a method and device for dressing a worm grinding wheel of an involute cylindrical gear, wherein the dressing device comprises a dressing wheel arranged on a machine tool and corresponding to the worm grinding wheel, the dressing wheel and the worm grinding wheel are at the same height along an axis, a driving mechanism is arranged on the machine tool and used for driving the dressing wheel to move along an X direction and a Y direction of a machine tool coordinate system in a plane, and a sonar dynamic balance system is arranged in a worm grinding wheel spindle and used for positioning the dressing wheel and determining a dressing reference position; the single-side dressing method is used, the sonar dynamic balance system is used for positioning the reference position of the dressing wheel and a dressing reference point of the worm grinding wheel, the dressing wheel can be moved according to machining requirements, machining of workpieces with different specifications is realized, and thus the cost of spare parts is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of cylindrical gear grinding machines, in particular to a worm grinding wheel modification method and device for involute cylindrical gears. BACKGROUND

[0002] The worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine has the characteristics of high precision, high efficiency and low cost in mass production. The key to grinding involute cylindrical gears is the modification of the worm grinding wheel. The existing modification of the worm grinding wheel is usually carried out by using a diamond modification roller, a double-cone diamond modification roller or a diamond modification pen.

[0003] With the development of wind power and new energy vehicles, the requirements for gear tooth profile are increasing, and the factory's new product manufacturing, small batch and multi-variety orders are also increasing. The traditional method of using a tooth-shaped diamond modification roller to correspond to one workpiece has defects such as high production cost and slow changeover, and the versatility of the tooth-shaped diamond modification roller has become an important indicator restricting the production cost and efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] Technical purpose: in view of the above-mentioned poor versatility of the existing tooth-shaped diamond modification roller, and in view of the high production cost and slow changeover of different specifications of workpieces, the application discloses a worm grinding wheel modification method and device for involute cylindrical gears, which adopts a single-side modification method and can be applied to the machining of multiple workpieces within a certain range, reduces the cost of spare parts, and saves time.

[0005] Technical scheme: in order to achieve the above technical purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A worm grinding wheel modification method for involute cylindrical gears, comprising the steps of:

[0007] S01, calculating the long-width involute spiral surface equation of the grinding wheel according to the meshing principle of the gear;

[0008] S02, deriving the left and right side grinding wheel section shape equations according to the long-width involute spiral surface equation;

[0009] S03, confirming the tool setting point position according to the sonar dynamic balance system arranged in the grinding wheel, taking the tool setting point position as the reference position, and calculating the coordinates of the left and right modification reference points;

[0010] S04, according to the coordinates of the left and right shaping reference points and the trimming amount, trimming the grinding wheel.

[0011] Preferably, in step S03, the process of confirming the tool point position according to the acoustic dynamic balancing system comprises: moving the trimming wheel along the axis direction, when the trimming wheel contacts the grinding wheel, the acoustic dynamic balancing system feeds back a contact signal, the left and right positions of the contact between the trimming wheel and the grinding wheel are positioned, and the trimming wheel is moved to the centering position according to the positioning position and moved to the bottom diameter direction of the grinding wheel, retreated by 20% of the tooth height of the grinding wheel after touching the bottom diameter, and then the trimming wheel is moved along the axis direction again for secondary centering positioning, and the secondary centering positioning position is taken as the reference position for processing.

[0012] Preferably, in step S04, the process of calculating the left and right shaping reference points according to the tool point position as the reference position comprises: the coordinates of the reference position are marked as (x1, y1, 0), the thinning amount of the trimming wheel is The special shaping amount is p, and the Y-axis coordinate of the left shaping reference point in the machine tool coordinate system is calculated as By substituting y=0 and z=y2 into the left grinding wheel section equation, the X-axis coordinate x2 is obtained, and the coordinates of the left shaping reference point in the machine tool coordinate system are (x2, y2, 0), and the coordinates of the right shaping reference point are (x3, y3, 0) by analogy.

[0013] After obtaining the left and right shaping reference points, the deviations of the left and right shaping reference points in the X and Y directions are calculated, and the trimming wheel is moved according to the calculated deviations when trimming the left and right tooth surfaces of the grinding wheel.

[0014] The process of trimming the grinding wheel according to the coordinates of the left and right shaping reference points and the trimming amount comprises: the trimming amount of the grinding wheel is marked as τ, when trimming the left tooth surface of the grinding wheel, the Y-axis movement of the trimming wheel is established to be synchronous with the rotation of the grinding wheel rotation following shaft, the grinding wheel rotation following shaft rotates 1 circle while the Y-axis moves one pitch, and the trimming of the left tooth surface of the grinding wheel is completed, when the right tooth surface of the grinding wheel needs to be trimmed, the trimming wheel is moved according to the calculated deviations of the left and right shaping reference points in the X and Y directions, and the Y-axis movement of the trimming wheel is established to be synchronous with the rotation of the grinding wheel rotation following shaft, and the trimming of the right tooth surface of the grinding wheel is performed.

[0015] Preferably, the long-width involute helical surface equation of the grinding wheel is: Wherein θ is a variable, indicating the angle of the generatrix from the starting around the grinding wheel Z axis, P is the spiral parameter, μ is a variable that determines the position of the dynamic point on the tool section, α is the inclination angle of the generatrix, and r0 is the base circle radius of the generatrix rotating around the Z axis.

[0016] Preferably, the grinding wheel section equation of the application is:

[0017] Wherein α1 indicates the Z-axis rotation angle of the grinding wheel, b indicates the Z-axis translation length of the grinding wheel, β is the included angle between the cutting edge of the dressing wheel corresponding side surface and the end surface of the grinding wheel, β = arcsin(sinα n cosλ0), α n is the tool pressure angle, λ0 is the helix angle of the grinding wheel, θ is a variable, indicating the angle of the generatrix from the starting around the grinding wheel Z axis, P is the spiral parameter, μ is a variable that determines the position of the dynamic point on the tool section, α is the inclination angle of the generatrix, and r0 is the base circle radius of the generatrix rotating around the Z axis.

[0018] The application also provides a worm grinding wheel dressing device for involute cylindrical gears, which uses the dressing method described above to dress, and comprises a dressing wheel arranged on a machine tool and corresponding to the worm grinding wheel, wherein the dressing wheel and the worm grinding wheel axis are at the same height, a driving mechanism is arranged on the machine tool and used to drive the dressing wheel to move in a plane along the X direction and the Y direction of the machine tool coordinate system, and a sonar dynamic balancing system is arranged in the worm grinding wheel spindle and used to position the dressing wheel and determine the dressing reference position.

[0019] Beneficial effects: the worm grinding wheel dressing method and device for involute cylindrical gears provided by the application have the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The application uses a single-side dressing method, uses the sonar dynamic balancing system to position the reference position of the dressing wheel and the dressing reference point of the grinding wheel, can move the dressing wheel according to the processing requirement, realizes the processing of workpieces of different specifications, and thus reduces the cost of spare parts.

[0021] 2. The application can use the same dressing wheel to dress multiple workpieces, does not need to replace the grinding wheel, reduces the replacement time and improves the efficiency; when new products are tested, a special dressing wheel does not need to be specially ordered, and the waiting time is reduced.

[0022] 3. When the tool setting point position is confirmed, the sonar dynamic balancing system is used to position and center the left and right positions of the dressing wheel, and after touching the bottom diameter, the dressing wheel is retreated by a distance of 20% of the tooth height, and then the centering and positioning are performed again, so that the positioning accuracy is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description.

[0024] Figure 1 The left and right face difference diagram of the grinding wheel dressing of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the dressing device of the present application;

[0026] Among them, 1-machine tool, 2-worm grinding wheel, 3-dressing wheel, 4-sonic dynamic balance system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application will be more clearly and completely described below by means of a preferred embodiment and in conjunction with the drawings, but the present application is not limited in the scope of the described embodiments.

[0028] The present application discloses a worm grinding wheel dressing method of involute cylindrical gear, comprising the steps of:

[0029] S01, calculating the long-width involute helical surface equation of the grinding wheel according to the meshing principle of the gear;

[0030] The long-width involute helical surface equation of the grinding wheel is: Wherein, θ is a variable, indicating the angle of the generatrix rotating around the Z axis of the grinding wheel from the starting point, P is a helical parameter, μ is a variable determining the position of the dynamic point on the cutter cross section, α is the inclination angle of the generatrix, and r0 is the base circle radius of the generatrix rotating around the Z axis.

[0031] S02, deducing the left and right side grinding wheel cross section equation of the normal helical surface according to the long-width involute helical surface equation; the grinding wheel cross section equation is: Among them, α1 represents the rotation angle of the Z axis of the grinding wheel, b represents the translation length of the Z axis of the grinding wheel, β=arcsin(sinα n cosλ0), β is the included angle between the cutting edge of the dressing wheel corresponding side and the end face of the grinding wheel, α n is the pressure angle of the cutter, λ0 is the helix angle of the grinding wheel, θ is a variable, indicating the angle of the generatrix rotating around the Z axis of the grinding wheel from the starting point, P is a helical parameter, indicating the distance of the grinding wheel moving along the axial direction when the generatrix rotates around the Z axis by a unit angle; μ is a variable determining the position of the dynamic point on the cutter cross section, α is the inclination angle of the generatrix, and r0 is the base circle radius of the generatrix rotating around the Z axis.

[0032] In the left grinding wheel section equation, alpha = pi-beta1, beta1 is the included angle between the left blade of the dressing wheel and the grinding wheel end face, and in the right grinding wheel section equation, alpha = pi+beta2, beta2 is the included angle between the right blade of the dressing wheel and the grinding wheel end face.

[0033] S03, according to the sonar dynamic balancing system arranged in the grinding wheel, the tool setting point position is confirmed, the left side dressing reference point and the right side dressing reference point are calculated based on the tool setting point position as the reference position;

[0034] The process of confirming the tool setting point position according to the sonar dynamic balancing system comprises: moving the dressing wheel along the axial direction, when the dressing wheel contacts the grinding wheel, the sonar dynamic balancing system feeds back a contact signal, the left and right positions of the dressing wheel contacting the grinding wheel are positioned, and the dressing wheel is moved to the centering position and moves towards the bottom diameter direction of the grinding wheel, retreats by a distance of 20% of the tooth height of the grinding wheel after touching the bottom diameter, and then moves the dressing wheel along the axial direction again to perform secondary centering positioning, so that the accuracy of positioning the dressing wheel is improved.

[0035] S04, the grinding wheel is dressed according to the coordinates of the left side dressing reference point and the right side dressing reference point and the dressing amount.

[0036] In step S04, the left side dressing reference point and the right side dressing reference point are calculated based on the tool setting point position as the reference position, which comprises: the reference position coordinates are marked as (x1, y1, 0), the dressing wheel thinning amount is The special dressing amount is p, and the Y-axis coordinate of the left side dressing reference point in the machine tool coordinate system is calculated as By substituting y=0 and z=y2 into the left side grinding wheel section equation, the X-axis coordinate x2 is obtained, and the coordinates of the left side dressing reference point in the machine tool coordinate system are (x2, y2, 0), and the coordinates of the right side dressing reference point are (x3, y3, 0) by analogy.

[0037] After obtaining the left side dressing reference point and the right side dressing reference point, as shown in Figure 1 The deviations of the left side dressing reference point and the right side dressing reference point in the X direction and the Y direction are calculated, Delta x = x2-x3, and Delta y = y2-y3; when dressing the left and right tooth surfaces of the grinding wheel, the dressing wheel is moved according to the calculated deviations.

[0038] The process of grinding wheel dressing according to the coordinates of the left and right dressing reference points and the dressing amount includes: the grinding wheel dressing amount is denoted as τ, when the left tooth surface of the grinding wheel is dressed, a reference point (x2-τ, y2, 0) is established, the Y-axis movement of the dressing wheel is synchronized with the rotation of the grinding wheel rotation following shaft, the grinding wheel rotation following shaft rotates one circle while the Y-axis moves one pitch, and the dressing of the left tooth surface of the grinding wheel is completed, when the right tooth surface of the grinding wheel needs to be dressed, the movement of the dressing wheel is performed according to the deviation of the left and right dressing reference points in the X direction and the Y direction, a reference point (x3-τ, y3, 0) is established, the Y-axis movement of the dressing wheel is synchronized with the rotation of the grinding wheel rotation following shaft, and the dressing of the right tooth surface of the grinding wheel is performed, and the target gear grinding grinding wheel can be dressed by repeating the above process.

[0039] As shown in Figure 2 The application further provides a worm grinding wheel dressing device for involute cylindrical gears, which uses the above dressing method to perform dressing, and includes a dressing wheel 3 arranged on a machine tool 1 and corresponding to a worm grinding wheel 2, the dressing wheel 3 and the worm grinding wheel 2 are arranged at the same height along the axis, a driving mechanism is arranged on the machine tool 1 and used to drive the dressing wheel 3 to move in the plane along the X direction and the Y direction of the machine tool coordinate system, and a sonar dynamic balance system 4 is arranged in the main shaft of the worm grinding wheel 2 and used to determine the dressing reference position by positioning the dressing wheel 3. Through the worm grinding wheel dressing device, a plurality of workpieces can be machined in a certain range, the cost of spare parts is reduced, the time for replacing the grinding wheel is saved, and the efficiency is improved.

[0040] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the application, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make some improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A method of modifying a worm grinding wheel for a involute cylindrical gear, characterized by, The method comprises the steps of: S01, calculating the long-width involute helical surface equation of the grinding wheel according to the meshing principle of gears; S02, deriving the left and right side grinding wheel section shape equations according to the long-width involute helical surface equation; S03, confirming the tool setting point position according to the sonar dynamic balancing system, taking the tool setting point position as the reference position, and calculating the coordinates of the left and right side modification reference points; S04, modifying the grinding wheel according to the coordinates of the left and right side modification reference points and the modification amount; In step S03, the process of confirming the tool setting point position according to the sonar dynamic balancing system comprises: moving the modification wheel along the axial direction, when the modification wheel contacts the grinding wheel, the sonar dynamic balancing system feeds back a contact signal, the left and right positions of the contact between the modification wheel and the grinding wheel are positioned, and the modification wheel is moved to the centering position and moves towards the bottom diameter direction of the grinding wheel, retreats by a distance of 20% of the tooth height of the grinding wheel after touching the bottom diameter, and then moves the modification wheel along the axial direction again for secondary centering positioning, taking the secondary centering positioning position as the reference position for processing; In step S04, the left and right modification reference points are calculated based on the tool point position, including: the reference position coordinates are marked as (x1, y1, 0), the dressing wheel thinning amount is The special modification amount is p, and the Y-axis coordinate of the left modification reference point in the machine tool coordinate system is calculated as By substituting y=0 and z=y2 into the left wheel profile equation, the X-axis coordinate x2 is obtained, and the coordinates of the left modification reference point in the machine tool coordinate system are (x2, y2, 0). Similarly, the coordinates of the right modification reference point are (x3, y3, 0).

2. A method of dressing a worm gear of involute cylindrical gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, After obtaining the left and right side modification reference points, the deviations of the left and right side modification reference points in the X and Y directions are calculated, and the modification wheel is moved according to the calculated deviations during the modification of the left and right tooth surfaces of the grinding wheel.

3. A method of dressing a worm gear of involute cylindrical gears according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of modifying the grinding wheel according to the coordinates of the left and right side modification reference points and the modification amount comprises: the modification amount of the grinding wheel is denoted as τ, during the modification of the left tooth surface of the grinding wheel, the Y-axis movement of the modification wheel is established to be synchronous with the rotation of the grinding wheel following shaft, the modification wheel moves along the Y-axis by one pitch while the grinding wheel following shaft rotates one circle, and the modification of the left tooth surface of the grinding wheel is completed, during the modification of the right tooth surface of the grinding wheel, the modification wheel is moved according to the calculated deviations of the left and right side modification reference points in the X and Y directions, and the Y-axis movement of the modification wheel is established to be synchronous with the rotation of the grinding wheel following shaft, taking (x3-τ, y3, 0) as the reference point, and the modification of the right tooth surface of the grinding wheel is performed.

4. The method of modifying a involute cylindrical gear worm wheel as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The long-width involute helical surface equation of the grinding wheel is: where θ is a variable, representing the angle of the generatrix rotating around the Z-axis of the grinding wheel, P is a helical parameter, μ is a variable for determining the position of the dynamic point on the tool section, α is the inclination angle of the generatrix, and r0 is the base circle radius of the generatrix rotating around the Z-axis.

5. A method of dressing a worm gear of involute cylindrical gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding wheel section shape equation is: wherein, a1 represents the rotation angle of the grinding wheel Z axis, b represents the translation length of the grinding wheel Z axis, β = arcsin(sin α n cos λ0), β is the included angle between the cutting edge of the dressing wheel corresponding side surface and the grinding wheel end surface, α n is the tool pressure angle, λ0 is the helix angle of the grinding wheel, θ is the parameter variable, representing the angle of the generatrix from the starting around the grinding wheel Z axis, P is the helix parameter, μ is the parameter variable for determining the position of the moving point on the tool cross section, α is the generatrix inclination, r0 is the base circle radius of the generatrix rotating around the Z axis; in the left grinding wheel cross section equation, a = π - β1, β1 is the included angle between the left edge of the dressing wheel and the grinding wheel end surface, in the right grinding wheel cross section equation, a = π + β2, β2 is the included angle between the right edge of the dressing wheel and the grinding wheel end surface.

6. A worm grinder dressing device for involute cylindrical gears, using the dressing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The modification wheel (3) is arranged on the machine tool (1) corresponding to the worm grinding wheel (2), and the modification wheel (3) and the worm grinding wheel (2) are at the same height along the axial line, a driving mechanism is arranged on the machine tool (1) for driving the modification wheel (3) to move in the plane along the X and Y directions of the machine tool coordinate system, and the sonar dynamic balancing system (4) is arranged in the main shaft of the worm grinding wheel (2) for positioning the modification wheel (3) and determining the modification reference position.

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