A method for installing a longitudinal inclined slipway steel underwater slide

Abstract

A method for installing a longitudinal inclined steel underwater slideway comprises the following steps: S1, installing a first base on the side of the first steel underwater slideway, and installing a first flange screw and a first fixing screw on the side of the first steel underwater slideway; S2, adjusting the center points C3 and C4 of the first steel underwater slideway to be aligned with C1 and C2; S3, installing a second base on the side of the second steel underwater slideway, installing an adjustment bolt on the second base; installing a second flange screw and a second fixing screw on the side of the second steel underwater slideway; S4, pre-assembling on land; S5, installing the first steel underwater slideway; S6, installing the second steel underwater slideway; S7, inspecting and cutting off the first, second, and third gate-shaped markers. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has high installation accuracy and simple steps and operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of slide installation, and in particular to a method for installing a longitudinal inclined slipway steel underwater slide. Background Art

[0002] The longitudinal inclined slipway is a common infrastructure in many shipyards. Under normal circumstances, the longitudinal inclined slipway has an underwater slideway about 50 meters long. Its structure is to install five steel underwater slideways about 10 meters long on a reinforced concrete foundation. The longitudinal inclined slipway is constructed in a sea enclosure mode. As it ages, it needs to be repaired and replaced due to the impact of ship launching, foundation sinking, seawater corrosion, etc. How to replace the steel underwater slideway without sea enclosure and accurately ensure the precision size and installation quality of the replacement steel underwater slideway is a difficult problem in the current industry. The following problems currently exist in the construction process:

[0003] 1. Currently, most shipyards assume that the original steel slideway is in the correct position and size, and then remove one piece and replace it with a new one. As time goes by and the steel slideway is constantly replaced, the accuracy of the steel underwater slideway cannot be guaranteed, leading to safety risks.

[0004] Second, the steel underwater slide of the longitudinal inclined slipway was constructed by enclosing the sea. After the enclosing sea was removed, the longitudinal inclined slipway was located below sea level, making it difficult to measure the longitudinal inclined slipway. In addition, most shipyards are located in the coastal area and the Yangtze River Basin, where the seawater / river water is turbid and the flow rate is fast, making it inconvenient to use traditional measurement methods such as pulling steel wire underwater.

[0005] 3. The horizontal dimensions of the steel underwater slideway of the longitudinal inclined slipway are closely related to the safety of ship launching. The accuracy error of straightness and other aspects needs to be less than 2mm. The installation accuracy requirements are extremely high. Failure to ensure accuracy may cause major safety accidents and economic losses.

[0006] Fourth, due to the turbidity of the sea water, underwater photography is not clear. After the construction is completed, divers can only rely on touching the project by hand to confirm the quality, which poses a great quality risk.

[0007] In summary, the existing maintenance and replacement process of the underwater slideway of the longitudinal inclined slipway has problems such as low efficiency, high cost, and inability to accurately locate the underwater slideway, and needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for installing a longitudinal inclined slipway steel underwater slide with low cost and simple operation in response to the above-mentioned existing technical status.

[0009] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for installing a longitudinal inclined slipway steel underwater slide with high accuracy in response to the above-mentioned existing technical status.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the first and second technical problems is: a method for installing a longitudinal inclined slipway steel underwater slide, characterized in that it includes the following steps:

[0011] S1. Install a first base on the side of the first steel underwater slide. Install adjustment bolts on the first base for adjusting the horizontal height of the upper surface of the first steel underwater slide. Note that the horizontal heights of the four corners of the upper surface of the first steel underwater slide are H1, H2, H11, and H12. Install a first flange screw and a first fixing screw on the side of the first steel underwater slide.

[0012] S2. Determine two center points C1 and C2 at the head and tail of the land slipway, and adjust the center points C3 and C4 of the first steel underwater slipway to be in a straight line with C1 and C2;

[0013] S3. Install a second base on the side of the second steel underwater slide. Install an adjusting bolt on the second base to adjust the horizontal height of the upper surface of the second steel underwater slide. Note that the horizontal heights of the upper surface of the second steel underwater slide are H13, H14, H15, and H16, respectively. Install a second flange screw and a second fixing screw on the side of the second steel underwater slide.

[0014] S4. Pre-assembly on land: Adjust the center points C5 and C6 at the beginning and end of the two steel underwater slides to ensure that C5, C6, C1 and C2 are in a straight line, and adjust the gap between the first steel underwater slide and the second steel underwater slide to 10±2mm; install limit blocks on the sides of the first steel underwater slide and the second steel underwater slide; install the first door-shaped benchmark at one end of the first steel underwater slide, and install the second door-shaped tooling and the third door-shaped tooling at both ends of the second steel underwater slide respectively; using point H1 as the reference, draw points H3 and H4 on the first door-shaped benchmark that are horizontal with point H1, H5 and H6 on the second door-shaped tooling, and H7 and H8 on the third door-shaped tooling. The horizontal point refers to the level parallel to the sea level; using C1 and C2 as the reference, draw points C8 on the first door-shaped benchmark that are in a straight line with C1 and C2, C9 on the second door-shaped tooling, and C10 on the third door-shaped tooling;

[0015] S5. Install the first steel underwater slide: At low tide, hoist the first steel underwater slide onto the underwater concrete foundation to be replaced, secure it, and tighten the first flange screws. Use a total station to measure the underwater levels of H1, H2, H3, and H4, and adjust the horizontality of H1, H2, H3, and H4 to a value not exceeding 1mm relative to sea level.

[0016] S6. Install the second steel underwater slide: Hoist the second steel underwater slide into place and secure it. Tighten the second flange screws and adjust the bolts on the second base to ensure that the horizontal deviation of H1, H5, H6, H7, and H8 relative to sea level is no more than 1mm. Adjust points C8 and C9 to be in a straight line with C1 and C2.

[0017] S7. Check the limit block, and then the diver cuts off the first door type tooling, the second door type tooling and the third door type tooling underwater.

[0018] Generally, there are five steel underwater slides. The present invention only introduces the maintenance and replacement methods of the first and second steel underwater slides. The installation methods of the other three steel underwater slides are the same as the second steel underwater slide.

[0019] Preferably, in step S1: the horizontal heights of the upper surface of the first steel underwater slide away from one end of the first door-type marker are recorded as H1 and H2 respectively; the horizontal heights of the upper surface of the first steel underwater slide to one end where the first door-type marker is installed are recorded as H3 and H4 respectively; the deviation values ​​of H1, H2, H3, and H4 are not higher than 1 mm.

[0020] In order to fix the first steel underwater slide, preferably, the first fixing screw in step S1 corresponds to the position of the lifting ring embedded in the underwater concrete.

[0021] Preferably, step S2 includes: recording the level of the total station after rotating along the straight line between C1 and C2 by tg1:20 as the standard level, and adjusting the levelness deviation of H1, H2, H11, and H12 of the first steel underwater slide to no more than 1 mm relative to the standard level. The slope of the inclined slipway is usually tg1:20, with a small number of tg1:19 or tg1:22 being used. In the present invention, tg1:20 is uniformly used.

[0022] Preferably, the horizontal heights H13, H14, H15 and H16 of the four corners of the upper surface of the second steel underwater slide in step S3 have a horizontality deviation value of no more than 1 mm based on the standard level.

[0023] Preferably, the limiting blocks in step S4 include a first wedge-shaped limiting block installed on the side of the first steel underwater slide and a second wedge-shaped limiting block installed on the side of the second steel underwater slide.

[0024] In order to fix the limit blocks, preferably, the limit blocks in step S4 are processed using a T-shaped structure, the first wedge-shaped limit block is processed into a V-shape, and the second wedge-shaped limit block is processed into a Y-shape.

[0025] Preferably, the step S4 includes: attaching reflective sheets on the side close to the land at all reference points.

[0026] Preferably, the step S5 includes: adjusting C7, C1 and C2 to be on the same straight line.

[0027] Preferably, the step S5 includes: setting up a total station on land, and measuring the horizontal heights of H1, H2, H3, and H4 underwater by the total station.

[0028] In order to inspect the installation effect of the steel underwater slide, preferably, the inspection of step S7 includes: photographing and inspecting through a photographing device; the photographing device includes a lampshade, a compressed air pipe connected to the top of the lampshade, a lighting lamp installed in the lampshade, and a camera; the camera is connected to a computer on land through a control line, and the compressed air pipe is connected to an air compressor on land.

[0029] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are: the present invention can determine the positions of the first steel underwater slide and the second steel underwater slide on land through the door-type tooling, with high installation accuracy and simple steps and operations; the provision of limiting blocks makes the installation of the first steel underwater slide and the second steel underwater slide easy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of land pre-assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of area A;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of underwater installation of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a limit block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a photographing device according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0036] Figure 7 2 is a cross-sectional view of a photographing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] like Figure 1-7 The preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. A method for installing a longitudinal inclined slipway steel underwater slide comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1. Install four first bases 8 on the side of the first steel underwater slide 1. The first bases 8 are made of 100mm*100mm*20mm steel plates. To enhance strength, install two triangular plates above each first base 8. Drill holes in the center of the first base 8 and install bolts. Install four flange screws 6 on the side of the first steel underwater slide 1. At the same time, install four fixing screws 9 on the side of the first steel underwater slide 1 according to the size of the pre-embedded lifting rings in the underwater concrete. To better secure the first steel underwater slide 1, the fixing screws 9 are arranged in a figure eight shape.

[0040] S2. Place the first steel underwater slide 1 parallel to the land-based inclined slipway in the direction of underwater installation. Locate the slide's theoretical center points C1 and C2 on the land-based inclined slipway. Adjust the fore and aft centers C3 and C4 of the first steel underwater slide 1 to coincide with C1 and C2. Measure the levels H1, H2, H11, and H12 at the four corners of the first steel underwater slide 1. This level must be calculated based on the angle of the inclined slipway. Adjust the bolts on the first base 8 so that the horizontal deviation of H1, H2, H3, and H4 relative to sea level is no more than 1mm. Rotate the line along C1 and C2 in the total station by an angle of tg1:20 as the standard level. Adjust the horizontal deviation of H1, H2, H11, and H12 of the first steel underwater slide to no more than 1mm relative to the standard level.

[0041] S3. Hoist the second steel underwater slide 2. Install the same second base 9, second flange screws 10, and second fixing screws 11 as used on the first steel underwater slide 1 on top of the second steel underwater slide 2. Adjust H13, H14, H15, and H16 to a level deviation of no more than 1 mm relative to the standard level. Adjust C5 and C6 to ensure they are aligned with C1 and C2. Adjust the gap between the first and second steel underwater slides 1 and 2 to 10 ± 2 mm.

[0042] S4, install limit blocks 12 on the left and right sides of the first steel underwater slide 1 and the second steel underwater slide 2, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 The limit block 12 shown includes a first wedge-shaped limit block 121 installed on the side of the first steel underwater slide 1 and a second wedge-shaped limit block 122 installed on the side of the second steel underwater slide 2; the limit block 12 is made of T-shaped structure, the first wedge-shaped limit block 121 is processed into a V shape, and the second wedge-shaped limit block 122 is processed into a Y shape; when installing the limit block 12, the first wedge-shaped limit block 121 and the second wedge-shaped limit block 122 are made to fit together without gaps and misalignment, and then they are welded to the sides of the first steel underwater slide 1 and the second steel underwater slide 2 respectively.

[0043] Install the first door-type tooling 3, the second door-type tooling 4, and the third door-type tooling 5 on the first steel underwater slide 1 and the steel underwater slide 2; with point H1 as the reference, draw points H3 and H4 on the first door-type benchmark 3 that are horizontal with point H1, H5 and H6 on the second door-type tooling 4, and H7 and H8 on the third door-type tooling 5; with C1 and C2 as the reference, draw point C8 on the first door-type benchmark 3 that is in the same straight line with C1 and C2, C9 on the second door-type tooling 4, and C10 on the third door-type tooling 5; affix reflective sheets on the side close to the land for all reference points.

[0044] S5. Select a low tide moment to hoist the first steel underwater slideway 1 onto the underwater concrete foundation that needs to be replaced. After it is basically in place, install flange screws 6 and 7. Adjust the front, back, left, right, up, and down positions of the joints between the closing opening of the first steel underwater slideway 1 and the original land closing opening to ensure that all requirements are met.

[0045] Precision control surveyors use a total station on land to measure the horizontal heights of H1, H2, H3, and H4. Based on this data, divers use wrenches underwater to adjust the bolts on the corresponding first base 8, ensuring that the horizontal deviation of H1, H2, H3, and H4 relative to sea level is no more than 1mm. Using CI and C2 on the slipway as a reference, the total station is used to measure point C7, ensuring that the measured Y value coincides with CI and C2, so that C1, C2, and C7 are in the same straight line, and tightening the first flange screws 6. During the installation process, if there is a gap between the bottom of the first steel underwater slide 1 and the underwater concrete foundation, the divers can use steel plates to fill the gap to ensure that the first steel underwater slide 1 will not deform due to the lower part being suspended during further use.

[0046] S6. Hoist the second steel underwater slide 2. When nearing the installation location, the diver installs the second fixing screw 11 and slowly tightens it to pull the second steel underwater slide 2 into place. After the diver checks that the limit block 12 is tightly fitted, the precision control surveyor measures H1, H5, H6, H7, and H8 on land. Based on the data, the diver uses a wrench underwater to adjust the bolts on the corresponding base 13 and base 17, ensuring that the horizontal deviation of H1, H5, H6, H7, and H8 relative to sea level is no more than 1mm. Using CI and C2 on the slipway as a reference, measure points C8 and C9, ensuring that the Y value coincides with CI and C2. Once the data meets the requirements, tighten the second flange screw 10 and the second fixing screw 11. Similarly, if there is a gap between the bottom of the second steel underwater slide 2 and the underwater concrete foundation, the diver uses steel plates to fill the gap to ensure that the second steel underwater slide 2 will not deform due to the lower part being suspended during use.

[0047] S7, such as Figure 6-7As shown, a diver uses a camera 13 to photograph the stopper 12. The camera 13 includes a lampshade 30, a compressed air pipe 34 connected to the top of the lampshade 30, a light 33 installed inside the lampshade 30, and a camera 31. The camera 31 is connected to a computer 35 on land via a control cable 32, and the compressed air pipe 34 is connected to an air compressor 36 on land. Using the high pressure of the compressed air, the turbid seawater is blown away underwater, leaving only air between the waterproof camera 31 and the object being photographed. The diver then photographs the stopper 12. Quality control personnel confirm the stopper 12 on land-based computer 35 for gaps and misalignment. They also check the gaps between the first and second steel underwater slideways 1 and 2 and the underwater concrete to assess the sinking and deformation of the underwater concrete. After passing the inspection, the diver uses underwater cutting to remove the first, second, and third door-type fixtures 3, 4, and 5.

[0048] The slope of the inclined slipway used in this embodiment is usually tg1:20. In other embodiments, the slope of the inclined slipway may also be tg1:19 or tg1:22.

Claims

1. A method for installing a steel underwater slideway for a longitudinally inclined slipway, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Install a first base (8) on the side of the first steel underwater slide (1), and install an adjusting bolt on the first base (8) to adjust the horizontal height of the upper surface of the first steel underwater slide (1); the horizontal heights of the four corners of the upper surface of the first steel underwater slide (1) are recorded as H1, H2, H11 and H12; install a first flange screw (6) and a first fixing screw (7) on the side of the first steel underwater slide (1); S2. Determine the center points C1 and C2 at the head and tail of the land slipway respectively, and adjust the center points C3 and C4 of the first steel underwater slipway (1) to be in a straight line with C1 and C2; S3, a second base (9) is installed on the side of the second steel underwater slide (2), and an adjusting bolt is installed on the second base (9) to adjust the horizontal height of the upper surface of the second steel underwater slide (2); the horizontal heights of the upper surface of the second steel underwater slide (2) are recorded as H13, H14, H15 and H16 respectively. A second flange screw (10) and a second fixing screw (11) are installed on the side of the second steel underwater slide (2); S4. Pre-assembly on land: adjust the center points C5 and C6 of the first and last parts of the second steel underwater slide (2) to ensure that C5, C6 and C1, C2 are in a straight line, and adjust the gap between the first steel underwater slide (1) and the second steel underwater slide (2) to 10±2mm; install the limit blocks (12) on the sides of the first steel underwater slide (1) and the second steel underwater slide (2); install the first door-type tooling (3) at one end of the first steel underwater slide (1), and install the second door-type tooling (3) at both ends of the second steel underwater slide (2). Type tooling (4), third type tooling (5); with point H1 as the reference, draw points H3 and H4 on the first type tooling (3) that are horizontal with point H1, H5 and H6 on the second type tooling (4), and H7 and H8 on the third type tooling (5), where the horizontal level refers to the level parallel to the sea level; with C1 and C2 as the reference, draw point C8 on the first type tooling (3) that is in the same straight line with C1 and C2, C9 on the second type tooling (4), and C10 on the third type tooling (5); S5. Install the first steel underwater slide (1): At low tide, hoist the first steel underwater slide (1) onto the underwater concrete foundation that needs to be replaced, fix it, and tighten the first flange screw (6); measure the horizontal heights of H1, H2, H3, and H4 underwater using a total station, and adjust the horizontality deviation of H1, H2, H3, and H4 based on the sea level to no more than 1 mm; S6. Install the second steel underwater slide (2): hoist the second steel underwater slide (2) into place and fix it, tighten the second flange screws (10), adjust the bolts on the second base (9), and ensure that the horizontal deviation of H1, H5, H6, H7, and H8 based on the sea level is not higher than 1mm; adjust C8 and C9 points to be in a straight line with C1 and C2; S7, inspect and cut off the first door-type tooling (3), the second door-type tooling (4) and the third door-type tooling (5).

2. The method for installing a steel underwater slideway for a longitudinally inclined slipway according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1: the horizontal heights of the upper surface of the first steel underwater slide (1) at the end away from the first door-type tooling (3) are recorded as H1 and H2 respectively; the horizontal heights of the upper surface of the first steel underwater slide (1) at the end where the first door-type tooling (3) is installed are recorded as H11 and H12 respectively; the deviation values ​​of H1, H2, H11, and H12 are not higher than 1 mm.

3. The method for installing a steel underwater slideway for a longitudinally inclined slipway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fixing screw (7) in step S1 corresponds to the position of the lifting ring pre-buried in the underwater concrete.

4. The method for installing a longitudinally inclined slipway steel underwater slide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: recording the level of the total station after rotating along the straight line C1 and C2 by tg1:20 as the standard level, and adjusting the levelness deviation of H1, H2, H11 and H12 of the first steel underwater slide (1) based on the standard level to be no more than 1mm.

5. The method for installing a steel underwater slideway for a longitudinally inclined slipway according to claim 4, characterized in that: The horizontal heights H13, H14, H15 and H16 of the four corners of the upper surface of the second underwater steel slide (2) in step S3 are not higher than 1 mm in level deviation from the standard level.

6. The method for installing a steel underwater slideway for a longitudinally inclined slipway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting block (12) in step S4 comprises a first wedge-shaped limiting block (121) installed on the side of the first steel underwater slide (1) and a second wedge-shaped limiting block (122) installed on the side of the second steel underwater slide (2).

7. The method for installing a steel underwater slideway for a longitudinally inclined slipway according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limit block (12) in step S4 is processed using a T-shaped structure, the first wedge-shaped limit block (121) is processed into a V-shape, and the second wedge-shaped limit block (122) is processed into a Y-shape.

8. The method for installing a steel underwater slideway for a longitudinally inclined slipway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 includes: attaching reflective sheets on the side of H3, H4, H5, H6, H7, H8, C8, C9, and C10 close to the land.

9. The method for installing a steel underwater slideway for a longitudinally inclined slipway according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The inspection in step S7 includes: photographing and inspecting by a photographing device (13); the photographing device (13) includes a lampshade (30), a compressed air pipe (34) connected to the top of the lampshade (30), a lighting lamp (33) installed in the lampshade (30), and a camera (31); the camera (31) is connected to a computer (35) on land through a control line (32), and the compressed air pipe (34) is connected to an air compressor (36) on land.

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