A comprehensive utilization method for waste FeV80 alloy

Abstract

The present invention relates to the metallurgical field, and specifically relates to a comprehensive utilization method for FeV80 alloy waste products, which comprises the following steps: a. Crushing the FeV80 alloy waste products to a predetermined particle size and then melting them; b. After the FeV80 alloy waste products are completely melted, adding an oxidant, a slag-forming agent and a composition regulator for conditioning, and continuing to melt for a predetermined time and then stopping power supply; c. Cooling the molten slag-metal mixture after the melting is completed to obtain FeV50 alloy and vanadium-containing melting slag. The present invention makes full use of the characteristics that typical metal and non-metal impurities in FeV80 alloy have strong reducibility. Without introducing other impurity components, by adding a vanadium-containing oxidant, a strong basic slag-forming agent and an iron-containing composition regulator during the melting process of the molten alloy to condition the molten alloy, the content of typical impurity components in FeV80 alloy can be effectively controlled, and an FeV50 alloy product with low impurity content can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the metallurgical field, and relates to a method for regulating the composition of FeV80 alloy waste products, and specifically relates to a comprehensive utilization method for FeV80 alloy waste products. Background Art

[0002] Vanadium is known as the "industrial monosodium glutamate". The application ratio of vanadium products in the steel industry reaches more than 90%, and it is an indispensable "strategic alloy element" for improving the comprehensive mechanical properties of steel. It can combine with carbon and nitrogen in steel to form fine and dispersed carbonitrides, inhibit the growth of the steel structure and grains, increase the grain coarsening temperature, reduce the overheating sensitivity, and thus significantly improve the mechanical properties of steel. As one of the most widely used vanadium-containing microalloyed master alloys in the world, ferrovanadium alloy mainly uses flake vanadium as the vanadium-containing raw material, and uses Al, Si, C, etc. as reducing agents, and is prepared by a thermal reduction process. Currently, the industrialized preparation processes of ferrovanadium alloy mainly include silicon thermal reduction and (electro)aluminum thermal reduction. The aluminum thermal one-step reduction process has the advantages of short process flow, large heat release, and low operation difficulty, and has become the most widely used production process for ferrovanadium alloy. With the rapid development of metallurgical science and technology and the gradual maturity of high-temperature metallurgical equipment and process theory, the ferrovanadium smelting process technology has gradually developed from the one-step reduction process in a straight cylindrical furnace to a two-step reduction, multi-stage reduction, or even double-link process in a tilting electric furnace.

[0003] However, no matter which process is adopted, it is inevitable that the impurities such as Al, Si, Mn, C, P, S, etc. in the ferrovanadium alloy will exceed the standard in some furnace batches during the production process of ferrovanadium alloy, which seriously affects the comprehensive yield of ferrovanadium alloy. This phenomenon is more prominent in high-grade ferrovanadium alloy (FeV80).

[0004] ZL201811271604.4 discloses a method for desulfurization in FeV80 smelting. This invention effectively removes the impurity sulfur in the ferrovanadium alloy for high-sulfur raw materials, and the prepared FeV80 alloy meets the corresponding national standards. ZL201610808106.3 discloses a method for smelting FeV80 by the electroaluminum thermal method. This method evenly spreads ferrovanadium fine powder at the bottom of the furnace body, and a ferrovanadium alloy layer is formed during the smelting process and absorbs excess heat, thereby effectively improving the slag characteristics. ZL201710293274.8 discloses a method for controlling the carbon content of FeV80 alloy. This method effectively reduces the carbon content by controlling the source of alloy inclusions, adjusting process technology, adding special decarburizers and other means.

[0005] From the above disclosed technologies, the current intellectual property rights regarding FeV80 alloy mainly focus on the production process and the control of impurity content during the smelting process. The treatment and utilization of the generated FeV80 alloy waste products have not been systematically studied.

[0006] Based on this, the existing technology still needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem that the impurity elements of the alloy products in the FeV80 alloy production process in the prior art exceed the standard and cannot meet the requirements of the GBT / 4139-2012 standard, and to provide a comprehensive utilization method for FeV80 alloy waste.

[0008] Specifically, the present invention provides a method for comprehensive utilization of FeV80 alloy waste, comprising the following steps: a. crushing the FeV80 alloy waste to a predetermined particle size and then smelting it; b. adding an oxidant, a slag-forming agent and a component regulator to temper the FeV80 alloy waste after it is completely melted, and stopping the power supply after continuing the smelting for a predetermined time; and c. cooling the molten slag-gold mixture after the smelting is completed to obtain FeV50 alloy and vanadium-containing smelting slag.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, the FeV80 alloy scrap includes impurities, and the impurities include one or more of Al, Si, Mn, C, P, and S, and the weight percentages of Al, Si, Mn, C, P, and S satisfy at least one of the following: Al>2.0%, Si>1.5%, Mn>0.5%, C>0.3%, P>0.08%, and S>0.06%.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step a, the predetermined particle size is 10 to 50 mm.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, step a comprises: crushing FeV80 alloy scrap into a certain particle size and then adding the crushed FeV80 alloy scrap into an electric arc furnace for smelting at a smelting temperature of 1800-2100°C.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step b, the oxidant includes at least one of vanadium trioxide and vanadium pentoxide, and the added amount of the oxidant is 2-10% of the weight of the FeV80 alloy scrap.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step b, the slag-forming agent comprises pre-burned lime, the effective component of which is CaO≥95.0%, and the added amount of the slag-forming agent is 5-20% of the weight of the FeV80 alloy scrap.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step b, the composition regulator comprises metallic iron with a purity of ≥99.0%, and the added amount of the composition regulator is 55-65% of the weight of the FeV80 alloy scrap.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step b, the predetermined time is 20 to 60 minutes.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present invention, step c includes: tipping the molten slag-metal mixture after smelting into an ingot mold for cooling to obtain FeV50 alloy and vanadium-containing smelting slag.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step c, the vanadium-containing smelting slag has a CaO content of 10-40% and a TV content of 5%-30%.

[0018] The present invention makes full use of the characteristics that typical metal and non-metal impurities in FeV80 alloy have strong reducibility. Without introducing other impurity components, by adding vanadium-containing oxidant, strongly basic slag-forming agent and iron-containing component regulator during the smelting process of the molten alloy to condition the molten alloy, the content of typical impurity components in FeV80 alloy can be effectively controlled, and FeV50 alloy products with low impurity content can be obtained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The flowchart shows a comprehensive utilization method for FeV80 alloy waste products provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention shown in the exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, those skilled in the art can easily understand that various modifications are feasible without substantially departing from the teachings of the subject matter of the present invention. Accordingly, all such modifications should be included within the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the gist of the present invention, other substitutions, modifications, changes and deletions can be made to the design, operating conditions and parameters, etc. of the following exemplary embodiments.

[0021] According to the present invention, a comprehensive utilization method for FeV80 alloy waste products is provided, as Figure 1 shown, which includes the following steps:

[0022] a. Crushing the FeV80 alloy waste products to a predetermined particle size and then smelting them;

[0023] b. After the FeV80 alloy waste products are completely melted, adding an oxidant, a slag-forming agent and a component regulator for conditioning, and continuing to smelt for a predetermined time and then stopping power supply; and

[0024] c. Cooling the molten slag-metal mixture after smelting to obtain FeV50 alloy and vanadium-containing smelting slag.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, the FeV80 alloy waste product contains impurities, and the impurities include one or more of Al, Si, Mn, C, P, and S. Moreover, the weight percentages of Al, Si, Mn, C, P, and S satisfy at least one of the following: Al > 2.0%, Si > 1.5%, Mn > 0.5%, C > 0.3%, P > 0.08%, S > 0.06%. That is, at least one of the impurities such as Al, Si, Mn, C, P, and S in the FeV80 alloy waste product is higher than the requirements of the FeV80-C standard.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step a, the predetermined particle size is 10 - 50 mm.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present invention, step a includes: crushing the FeV80 alloy waste product to a certain particle size and then adding it to an electric arc furnace for smelting, and the smelting temperature is 1800 - 2100 °C.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step b, the oxidant includes at least one of vanadium trioxide and vanadium pentoxide, and the addition amount of the oxidant is 2 - 10% of the weight of the FeV80 alloy waste product.

[0029] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step b, the slag-forming agent includes pre-burned lime, and its effective component CaO ≥ 95.0%, and the addition amount of the slag-forming agent is 5 - 20% of the weight of the FeV80 alloy waste product.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step b, the composition regulator includes metallic iron, and its purity ≥ 99.0%, and the addition amount of the composition regulator is 55 - 65% of the weight of the FeV80 alloy waste product.

[0031] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step b, the predetermined time is 20 - 60 min.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present invention, step c includes: pouring the molten slag-metal mixture after smelting into an ingot mold for cooling to obtain FeV50 alloy with low impurity content and vanadium-containing smelting slag. The typical impurities of the obtained FeV50 include Al, Si, Mn, C, P, and S, and compared with the impurities in the FeV80 alloy waste product used as the raw material in step a, the impurity content is significantly reduced.

[0033] In an embodiment of the present invention, in step c, the CaO content in the vanadium-containing smelting slag is 10 - 40%, and the TV (total vanadium) content is 5% - 30%.

[0034] The following details the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining and illustrating the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Crush 100 parts by mass of FeV80 alloy scrap (V content 77.6%, typical impurity Al, Si, Mn, C, P, S component contents are 2.6%, 1.6%, 0.35%, 0.25%, 0.12% and 0.08% respectively) to 10 - 50 mm and then add it to an electric arc furnace for smelting, maintaining the smelting temperature at 1900 °C. After the FeV80 alloy is completely melted, add 2 parts by mass of V2O5, 5 parts by mass of pre-burned lime and 55 parts by mass of metallic iron for conditioning, and keep the power on for 20 min. After the conditioning smelting is completed, pour the molten slag-metal mixture into an ingot mold for cooling. After the slag-metal cools, disassemble to obtain FeV50 alloy cakes and vanadium-containing smelting slag.

[0037] According to the above smelting conditions and operations, the Al, Si, Mn, C, P, S component contents in the obtained FeV50 alloy are 1.3%, 0.9%, 0.21%, 0.13%, 0.07% and 0.05% respectively, the V content is 50.3%. Compared with the impurity content in the FeV80 alloy scrap, the impurity content has decreased significantly. The vanadium content in the vanadium-containing smelting slag is 6.5%, and the CaO content is 53.3%.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Crush 100 parts by mass of FeV80 alloy scrap (V content 77.6%, typical impurity Al, Si, Mn, C, P, S component contents are 2.6%, 1.6%, 0.35%, 0.25%, 0.12% and 0.08% respectively) to 10 - 50 mm and then add it to an electric arc furnace for smelting, maintaining the smelting temperature at 2000 °C. After the FeV80 alloy is completely melted, add 5 parts by mass of V2O5, 10 parts by mass of pre-burned lime and 60 parts by mass of metallic iron for conditioning, and keep the power on for 40 min. After the conditioning smelting is completed, pour the molten slag-metal mixture into an ingot mold for cooling. After the slag-metal cools, disassemble to obtain FeV50 alloy cakes and vanadium-containing smelting slag.

[0040] According to the above smelting conditions and operations, the Al, Si, Mn, C, P, S component contents in the obtained FeV50 alloy are 0.6%, 0.6%, 0.15%, 0.11%, 0.04% and 0.02% respectively, the V content is 49.3%. Compared with the impurity content in the FeV80 alloy scrap, the impurity content has decreased significantly. The vanadium content in the vanadium-containing smelting slag is 7.6%, and the CaO content is 52.7%.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] Crush 100 parts by mass of FeV80 alloy waste products (V content is 77.6%, and the component contents of typical impurities Al, Si, Mn, C, P, and S are 2.6%, 1.6%, 0.35%, 0.25%, 0.12%, and 0.08% respectively) to 10 - 50 mm, then add them to an electric arc furnace for smelting, and maintain the smelting temperature at 2100 °C. After the FeV80 alloy is completely melted, add 10 parts by mass of V2O5, 20 parts by mass of pre - calcined lime, and 60 parts by mass of metallic iron for conditioning, and keep the power on for 60 min. After the conditioning smelting is completed, pour the molten slag - metal mixture into an ingot mold for cooling. After the slag - metal cools, disassemble it to obtain FeV50 alloy cakes and vanadium - containing smelting slag.

[0043] According to the above - mentioned smelting conditions and operations, the component contents of Al, Si, Mn, C, P, and S in the obtained FeV50 alloy are 0.1%, 0.4%, 0.09%, 0.10%, 0.01%, and 0.01% respectively, and the V content is 49.8%. Compared with the impurity contents in the FeV80 alloy waste products, the impurity contents have decreased significantly. The V content in the vanadium - containing smelting slag is 8.8%, and the CaO content is 48.5%.

[0044] Example 4

[0045] Crush 100 parts by mass of FeV80 alloy waste products (V content is 75.3%, and the component contents of typical impurities Al, Si, Mn, C, P, and S are 3.5%, 1.1%, 0.68%, 0.20%, 0.06%, and 0.07% respectively) to 10 - 50 mm, then add them to an electric arc furnace for smelting, and maintain the smelting temperature at 2100 °C. After the FeV80 alloy is completely melted, add 10 parts by mass of V2O5, 20 parts by mass of pre - calcined lime, and 50 parts by mass of metallic iron for conditioning, and keep the power on for 60 min. After the conditioning smelting is completed, pour the molten slag - metal mixture into an ingot mold for cooling. After the slag - metal cools, disassemble it to obtain FeV50 alloy cakes and vanadium - containing smelting slag.

[0046] According to the above - mentioned smelting conditions and operations, the component contents of Al, Si, Mn, C, P, and S in the obtained FeV50 alloy are 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.13%, 0.11%, 0.01%, and 0 respectively, and the V content is 50.5%. Compared with the impurity contents in the FeV80 alloy waste products, the impurity contents have decreased significantly. The V content in the vanadium - containing smelting slag is 6.7%, and the CaO content is 50.4%.

[0047] Example 5

[0048] 100 parts by mass of FeV80 alloy scrap (V content is 72.3%, and the component contents of typical impurities Al, Si, Mn, C, P, and S are 4.6%, 1.7%, 0.79%, 0.15%, 0.18%, and 0.15% respectively) are crushed to 10 - 50 mm and then added to an electric arc furnace for smelting, maintaining the smelting temperature at 2100 °C. After the FeV80 alloy is completely melted, 10 parts by mass of V2O5, 20 parts by mass of pre - calcined lime, and 45 parts by mass of metallic iron are added for conditioning, and power is continuously supplied for 60 min. After the conditioning smelting is completed, the molten slag - metal mixture is poured and overturned into an ingot mold for cooling. After the slag - metal cools, it is disassembled to obtain FeV50 alloy cakes and vanadium - containing smelting slag.

[0049] According to the above smelting conditions and operations, the component contents of Al, Si, Mn, C, P, and S in the obtained FeV50 alloy are 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.11%, 0.08%, 0.01%, and 0 respectively, and the V content is 50.7%. Compared with the impurity contents in the FeV80 alloy scrap, the impurity contents are significantly decreased. The vanadium content in the vanadium - containing smelting slag is 5.6%, and the CaO content is 55.3%.

[0050] The inclusion removal rates in Examples 1 - 5 are shown in Table 1.

[0051] Among them, the calculation formula for the inclusion removal rate is: inclusion removal rate = (impurity content of FeV80 alloy scrap × weight of FeV80 alloy scrap - impurity content of FeV50 alloy finished product × weight of FeV50 alloy finished product) ÷ (impurity content of FeV80 alloy scrap × weight of FeV80 alloy scrap) × 100%.

[0052] Table 1 Comparison of different examples and implementation effects

[0053]

[0054] As shown in Table 1, through the method of the present invention, without introducing other impurity components, by adding a vanadium - containing oxidant, a strong - basic slag - forming agent, and an iron - containing component regulator during the melting process of the molten alloy to condition the molten alloy, the component contents of typical impurities in the FeV80 alloy can be effectively controlled, and an FeV50 alloy product with low impurity content can be obtained. The present invention can effectively improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of vanadium - iron alloy scrap and has good prospects for popularization and application.

[0055] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention; if the present invention is modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, it should be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive utilization method for waste FeV80 alloy, characterized in that, Including the following steps: a. Crushing the FeV80 alloy waste to a predetermined particle size and then melting it. Among them, the FeV80 alloy waste contains impurities, and the weight percentages of Al, Si, Mn, C, P, and S in the impurities satisfy: Al > 2.0%, Si > 1.5%, Mn > 0.5%, C > 0.3%, P > 0.08%, S > 0.06%; b. After the FeV80 alloy waste is completely melted, adding an oxidant, a slag-forming agent, and a composition regulator for conditioning, and continuing to melt for a predetermined time and then stopping power supply. Among them: the oxidant is at least one of vanadium trioxide and vanadium pentoxide, and the addition amount of the oxidant is 2-10% of the weight of the FeV80 alloy waste; the slag-forming agent is pre-burned lime, and the addition amount of the slag-forming agent is 5-20% of the weight of the FeV80 alloy waste; the composition regulator is metallic iron, and the addition amount of the composition regulator is 55-65% of the weight of the FeV80 alloy waste; and c. Cooling the molten slag-metal mixture after melting to obtain FeV50 alloy and vanadium-containing melting slag.

2. The comprehensive utilization method of FeV80 alloy waste products according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step a, the predetermined particle size is 10-50 mm.

3. The comprehensive utilization method of FeV80 alloy waste products according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step a includes: Crushing the FeV80 alloy waste to a certain particle size and then adding it to an electric arc furnace for melting, and the melting temperature is 1800-2100 °C.

4. The comprehensive utilization method of the FeV80 alloy waste product according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step b, the effective component CaO of the pre-burned lime ≥ 95.0%.

5. The comprehensive utilization method of FeV80 alloy waste products according to claim 1, characterized in that In step b, the purity of the metallic iron ≥ 99.0%.

6. The comprehensive utilization method of FeV80 alloy waste products according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step b, the predetermined time is 20-60 min.

7. The comprehensive utilization method of FeV80 alloy waste products according to claim 1, characterized in that Step c includes: Pouring the molten slag-metal mixture after melting into an ingot mold for cooling to obtain FeV50 alloy and vanadium-containing melting slag.

8. The comprehensive utilization method of the FeV80 alloy waste product according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step c, the CaO content in the vanadium-containing melting slag is 10-40%, and the TV content is 5%-30%.

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