Duplex secure communication method and system for quantum-classical hybrid transmission

Abstract

This application relates to a method and system for full-duplex secure communication using a quantum-classical hybrid transmission approach. The method, applied to a transmitting device, includes: multiplexing quantum state information using quantum optical wavelengths for quantum-secure transmission from the transmitting device to a receiving device; multiplexing classical transmission information using corresponding wavelengths; transmitting the multiplexed quantum state information and the multiplexed classical transmission information to the receiving device via the same optical fiber; generating relevant information based on a key from the receiving device to generate a key pool file; receiving encrypted interactive information from the receiving device; and decrypting the encrypted interactive information using the key pool file information. According to the scheme of this application, on the one hand, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology merges the terminal channels into a single physical link, reducing link resource consumption; on the other hand, it integrates a classical secure communication scheme into the quantum direct communication system, expanding compatibility with existing classical secure systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of quantum communication technology, and in particular to a duplex secure communication method and system for quantum-classical hybrid transmission. Background Technology

[0002] Quantum communication refers to the technology of transmitting information using quantum states as carriers. Its security is guaranteed by the principles of quantum physics, and it has a high degree of security.

[0003] With the rapid development of quantum computing, the security of classical cryptography based on complex mathematical problems faces significant challenges. Quantum communication research has received widespread attention and has developed rapidly, becoming a relatively mature area in the field of quantum information and playing a crucial role in next-generation secure communication. Quantum communication technology is mainly divided into four branches: quantum key distribution (QKD), quantum secure direct communication (QSDC), quantum secret sharing, and quantum teleportation.

[0004] Quantum direct communication was proposed in 2000 and has a history of more than 20 years. Its development has gone through four stages. (1) From 2000 to 2004, basic concepts and theories were established. During this stage, typical quantum direct communication protocols such as entanglement-based efficient protocols, entanglement-based two-step protocols, and single-photon-based DL04 protocols were proposed. (2) From 2005 to 2015, the development of protocols and application exploration stage took place. A large number of theoretical protocols were proposed, and the possible uses of quantum direct communication were widely explored. (3) From 2016 to 2019, the principle experimental verification and prototype development stage took place. During this stage, entanglement-based quantum direct communication protocols and single-photon quantum direct communication schemes were experimentally verified. In particular, researchers proposed technologies such as high-loss channel coding, quantum storage substitution, and quantitative security analysis, which solved many problems in the practical application of quantum direct communication and developed a quantum direct communication prototype with an information transmission rate of 50bps over a 1.5km optical fiber communication distance. (4) From 2020 to the present, product development and practical application have been promoted. The typical performance of the communication prototype at this stage is 10km@4kbps, which can realize real-time secure transmission of text, images and voice files, while 100km quantum direct communication can be achieved using low-loss optical fiber. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Existing quantum direct communication systems, such as Figure 1As shown, it consists of a transmitter Tx and a receiver Rx. Information is securely transmitted from the transmitter Tx to the receiver Rx based on a quantum direct communication protocol, which is simplex communication. If full-duplex communication between the two parties is required, a separate quantum direct communication system needs to be deployed. Since quantum systems are currently expensive, this deployment scheme, while achieving full quantum-duplex communication between the two parties, results in a correspondingly higher deployment cost. Furthermore, communication between the terminals of an existing quantum direct communication system requires not only a quantum channel (QC) but also a classical channel (e.g., Ethernet) to support protocol information exchange and a clock synchronization channel (e.g., SFP (Small Form Pluggable) optical module). Additionally, the channel requires direct connection, thus consuming significant link resources in the deployment.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need for a relatively economical quantum direct communication system that does not significantly reduce security, in order to achieve full-duplex secure communication between the sender and receiver.

[0007] According to a first aspect of this application, a full-duplex secure communication method for quantum-classical hybrid transmission is provided, applied to a transmitting device, characterized in that it comprises:

[0008] Quantum state information is multiplexed using quantum optical wavelengths for quantum-secure transmission from the transmitting device to the receiving device;

[0009] Classical transmission information is multiplexed using the corresponding wavelength;

[0010] The multiplexed quantum state information and the multiplexed classical transmission information are transmitted to the receiving device through the same optical fiber;

[0011] Generate key pool file information based on the key generated from the receiving device;

[0012] Receive encrypted interactive information from the receiving device; and

[0013] The encrypted interactive information is decrypted using the key pool file information.

[0014] According to a second aspect of this application, a full-duplex secure communication method for quantum-classical hybrid transmission is provided, applied to a receiving device, characterized in that it includes:

[0015] Receive multiplexed quantum state information and multiplexed classical transmission information transmitted in the same optical fiber, wherein the multiplexed quantum state information is used for quantum-safe transmission from the transmitting device to the receiving device;

[0016] The multiplexed quantum state information and the multiplexed classical transmission information are demultiplexed using corresponding wavelengths to obtain the quantum state sequence and the demultiplexed classical transmission information;

[0017] Based on the quantum state sequence and the demultiplexed classical transmission information, key pool file information is generated;

[0018] The interaction information is encrypted according to the key pool file information; and

[0019] The encrypted interactive information is sent to the sending device.

[0020] According to a third aspect of this application, a quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication system is provided, characterized in that it includes a transmitting device and a receiving device, wherein the transmitting device includes a quantum system transmitting module, a first classical transmission module, a first wavelength division multiplexing module, and a first key information generation module, and the receiving device includes a quantum system receiving module, a second classical transmission module, a second wavelength division multiplexing module, and a second key information generation module, wherein:

[0021] The quantum system transmission module is used to transmit quantum state information;

[0022] The first classic transmission module is used to transmit classic transmission information;

[0023] The first wavelength division multiplexing module is used to multiplex the quantum state information using quantum light wavelengths for quantum-secure transmission from the transmitting device to the receiving device, to multiplex the classical transmission information using corresponding wavelengths, and to transmit the multiplexed quantum state information and the multiplexed classical transmission information to the receiving device in the same optical fiber.

[0024] The first key information generation module is used to generate relevant information based on the key from the receiving device, and in conjunction with the relevant information from the quantum system transmission module, generate the first key pool file information;

[0025] The second wavelength division multiplexing module is used to demultiplex the received multiplexed quantum state information and the multiplexed classical transmission information to obtain a quantum state sequence and demultiplexed classical transmission information;

[0026] The quantum system receiving module is used to receive the quantum state sequence;

[0027] The second classic transmission module is used to transmit the demultiplexed classic transmission information;

[0028] The second key information generation module is used to generate second key pool file information based on the quantum state sequence and the demultiplexed classical transmission information;

[0029] The second classic transmission module is used to encrypt the interactive information according to the information in the second key pool file, and then send the encrypted interactive information.

[0030] The first classic transmission module is used to receive the encrypted interactive information and decrypt the encrypted interactive information according to the first key pool file information.

[0031] According to the quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication method and system of this application, on the one hand, by combining wavelength division multiplexing technology to merge the terminal channels into a single physical link, the link resource occupation is reduced. The whole only requires one quantum direct communication transmitter and one receiver to realize duplex secure communication between the two parties, which reduces deployment costs and reduces the physical resource overhead of the link. On the other hand, the classical secure communication scheme is integrated into the quantum direct communication system. Compared with the scheme of deploying two sets of quantum direct communication terminals, this scheme achieves a more economical system design without significantly reducing the security of the existing system. At the same time, due to the compatibility with the classical security scheme, it expands the compatibility with the existing classical security system. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings, without exceeding the scope of protection claimed by this application.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the end devices in a quantum direct communication system.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a classic encrypted transmission loop according to an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication system according to another embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication method according to another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the duplex secure communication system includes a transmitting device and a receiving device. The transmitting device includes a quantum system transmitting module, a first classical transmission module, a first wavelength division multiplexing module, and a first key information generation module. The receiving device includes a quantum system receiving module, a second classical transmission module, a second wavelength division multiplexing module, and a second key information generation module.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the quantum system transmitting module is used to transmit quantum state information, and the first classical transmission module is used to transmit classical transmission information. The quantum state information is used for secure communication in a quantum direct communication system, such as information used for encryption. The classical transmission information can be any information other than quantum state information, such as synchronization information, interaction information, etc. Synchronization information can include information for clock synchronization, and interaction information can include handshake information, state information, etc. If the information to be transmitted includes quantum state information, synchronization information, and interaction information, existing solutions generally use three optical fibers as their respective transmission channels.

[0042] In this application, as Figure 2 As shown, the transmitting device uses a first wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) module to multiplex quantum state information and classical transmission information using different wavelengths onto the same optical fiber for transmission. Specifically, the first WDM module multiplexes the quantum state information using quantum light wavelengths and the classical transmission information using corresponding wavelengths. The multiplexed quantum state information and the multiplexed classical transmission information are then transmitted through the same optical fiber to the receiving device. The transmitting device sends quantum state information to the receiving device for quantum-secure transmission between the two devices.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, the second wavelength division multiplexing module of the receiving device demultiplexes the received multiplexed quantum state information and multiplexed classical transmission information to obtain a quantum state sequence and demultiplexed classical transmission information. The quantum system receiving module receives the quantum state sequence, and the second classical transmission module is used to transmit the demultiplexed classical transmission information.

[0044] According to some embodiments, when a receiving device sends interactive information to a transmitting device, the security of this interactive information needs to be guaranteed. Since sending quantum state information from the transmitting device to the receiving device only guarantees security in the direction from the transmitting device to the receiving device, it cannot provide security for this interactive information itself.

[0045] To address this, this application includes a first key information generation module and a second key generation module in both the transmitting and receiving devices. The first and second key information generation modules generate first and second key pool file information respectively according to the quantum direct communication protocol corresponding to quantum-secure transmission. Specifically, the second key information generation module generates the second key pool file information based on the quantum state sequence and the demultiplexed classical transmission information, while the first key information generation module generates relevant information based on the key generated from the receiving device, in conjunction with relevant information from the quantum system's transmitting module, to generate the first key pool file information.

[0046] Specifically, the second wavelength division multiplexing module of the receiving device demultiplexes the received quantum state information and classical transmission information to obtain a quantum state sequence and demultiplexed classical transmission information. The second key information generation module obtains the classical original sequence from the quantum state sequence, where the quantum state sequence and the classical original sequence correspond. Then, the classical original sequence is processed using the demultiplexed classical transmission information to generate the second key pool file information. The second wavelength division multiplexing module of the receiving device demultiplexes the received quantum state information to obtain a quantum state sequence, and then obtains the corresponding classical original sequence. The classical sequence corresponding to the quantum state information is called the first classical sequence. The receiving device knows which bits of the first classical sequence the received classical original sequence is, and then sends the sequence identifier indicating these bits (i.e., the sequence identifier of the first classical sequence) to the transmitting device. The transmitting device stores or knows the first classical sequence corresponding to the quantum state information. The first key information generation module of the transmitting device first receives the sequence identifier of the first classical sequence from the receiving device. Then, it determines the second classical sequence based on the sequence identifier, that is, it selects the bits indicated by the sequence identifier from the first classical sequence to form the second classical sequence. For example, the first classical sequence corresponding to the quantum state information sent by the transmitting device to the receiving device has 100 bits. The receiving device receives 80 bits of this sequence and then sends the position of these 80 bits in the first classical sequence (i.e., the sequence identifier) ​​back to the transmitting device. The transmitting device determines the 80 bits of data from the first classical sequence based on the sequence identifier, forming the second classical sequence. Finally, the first key information generation module processes the second classical sequence according to the classical transmission information to generate the first key pool file information.

[0047] According to some embodiments, for the same transmission of quantum state information, the generated first key pool file information and second key pool file information are identical. During the transmission of quantum state information between the transmitting and receiving devices, key pool file information can be continuously generated. According to some embodiments, the key pool file information can be stored separately in the key information pools of the transmitting and receiving devices for subsequent encryption and decryption of interactive information.

[0048] Next, the second classic transmission module encrypts the interaction information according to the information in the second key pool file and sends the encrypted interaction information. The first classic transmission module receives the encrypted interaction information and decrypts it according to the information in the first key pool file.

[0049] According to some embodiments, the encryption of the interactive information between the transmitting and receiving devices can employ symmetric encryption. More specifically, a one-time key transmission method can be used. A second key information generation module generates a key based on key pool file information, and a second classical transmission module uses this key to encrypt the interactive information; a first key information generation module generates a key based on key pool file information, and a first classical transmission module uses this key to decrypt the interactive information. When using symmetric encryption, the generated key can be the same as the key pool file information, or it can be formed after some processing of the key pool file information.

[0050] According to other embodiments, the encryption of the interactive information between the transmitting and receiving devices can employ asymmetric encryption. A second key information generation module generates a key pair based on key pool file information. This key pair includes a public key and a private key. The second classical transmission module uses the public key from the key pair to encrypt the interactive information. A first key information generation module generates a key pair based on key pool file information, and the first classical transmission module uses the private key from the key pair to decrypt the interactive information.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a classic encrypted transmission loop according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the receiving device encrypts the interactive information using a key from a key information pool, and then sends the encrypted ciphertext sequence to the Ethernet port for transmission. The transmission process utilizes photoelectric conversion and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology to achieve ciphertext transmission based on laser signals. At the transmitting device, the ciphertext sequence is decrypted using a key obtained from the key information pool. After decryption, the sequence is restored to the original information, completing the transmission process.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication system according to another embodiment of this application. Figure 4 yes Figure 2One specific implementation method, such as Figure 4 As shown, in this duplex secure communication system, the first classic transmission module includes SFP transmission mode (synchronization channel) and Ethernet transmission mode (interactive channel), and the second classic transmission module also includes SFP transmission mode and Ethernet transmission mode. Figure 4 In this context, "EF" represents the conversion from electrical signal to optical signal, for example, it can be a gigabit SFP fiber optic transceiver.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, for the quantum channel corresponding to quantum state information, it is a one-way transmission, so only the one-way transmission wavelength selection needs to be performed, setting a wavelength, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the wavelength corresponding to the quantum state information is set to λ1. For the synchronization channel corresponding to the synchronization information, the synchronization channel is generally a unidirectional transmission channel. However, considering that the synchronization channel is also used as a specific information exchange channel in some special cases, it is considered a bidirectional interaction channel, requiring two wavelengths to be set, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the wavelengths corresponding to the synchronization information are set to λ2 and λ3. For the information interaction channel corresponding to the interaction information, since bidirectional information interaction is required, two wavelengths need to be set, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the wavelengths corresponding to the interactive information are set to λ4 and λ5.

[0054] According to some embodiments, after determining the number of wavelengths for various information types, it is necessary to determine the specific value or range of each wavelength. In one embodiment, because quantum light has a much lower intensity than classical light for transmitting information, and because quantum light is also the information carrier for quantum direct communication, the quantum light wavelength in the system is usually considered first when considering wavelengths. After determining the quantum light wavelength, a suitable wavelength can be selected based on a comprehensive consideration of factors such as the system's transmission distance, wavelength attenuation, scattering, and the performance parameters of WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing).

[0055] According to some embodiments, the wavelengths of both quantum light and classical information transmission light need to be based on ITU (International Telecommunication Union) standards. In one embodiment, because overall attenuation needs to be considered, quantum light can be assigned the wavelength with the weakest or relatively weakest attenuation in the optical fiber, for example, the 1550nm band. For the selection of the wavelength of classical information transmission light, two main aspects are considered: ensuring that the receiving device can correctly receive the classical information and minimizing interference from the classical information to the quantum light. In one embodiment, wavelength attenuation, transmission power, and sensitivity need to be considered during wavelength selection. Different wavelengths in optical fiber have different attenuation rates; the longer the transmission distance, the greater the attenuation; and the sensitivity of the receiving device varies for different wavelengths, for example, the sensitivity can be adjusted to select the appropriate wavelength. In another embodiment, the scattering characteristics of the classical information transmission light wavelength in the optical fiber are used to identify crosstalk to the quantum light. In yet another embodiment, the performance of WDM and other related devices is considered to identify crosstalk to the quantum light due to factors such as isolation. Generally, the greater the wavelength difference, the less crosstalk to quantum light, and the higher the isolation. However, after the wavelength distance reaches a certain point, further increasing the distance does not significantly reduce the crosstalk to quantum light. According to other embodiments, the wavelength of light used for classical information transmission can also be determined based on other factors.

[0056] In summary, various factors can be considered to determine the wavelengths of quantum light and classical light used for transmitting information.

[0057] According to a specific embodiment, the quantum communication QC channel corresponding to the quantum system's transmitting module and receiving module uses a wavelength of 1550 nm, the synchronization channel corresponding to the classical transmission module uses wavelengths of 1330 and 1350 nm, and the interaction channel uses wavelengths of 1310 and 1510 nm.

[0058] In some cases, the transmission power of classical transmission information may be too high, causing crosstalk to quantum light. According to one embodiment, the classical transmission information can be optically attenuated before transmission, allowing the receiver to receive the classical transmission information while reducing crosstalk to quantum light. According to one embodiment, an optical attenuation unit can be equipped in the first classical transmission module of the transmitting device to attenuate the light from the classical transmission information with excessive transmission power.

[0059] In some cases, for the quantum system receiving module of the receiving device, the received quantum light can be filtered to further reduce crosstalk to the quantum light. According to one embodiment, a filtering device, such as a bandpass filter, can be set in the quantum system receiving module, or the quantum system receiving module can be matched with a filtering device to reduce crosstalk between the classical transmission light and the quantum light.

[0060] By selecting the wavelengths of quantum light and classical light for transmitting information, controlling the transmission power of classical light for transmitting information, and / or filtering the received quantum light, crosstalk between classical light for transmitting information and quantum light can be reduced, enabling quantum light and classical light for transmitting information to be transmitted in the same optical fiber, thus achieving integrated transmission.

[0061] Based on the aforementioned quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication system, according to one aspect of this application, a quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication method is provided. For example... Figure 5 As shown, this method is applied to a transmitting device and includes the following steps.

[0062] Step S501: The quantum state information is multiplexed using quantum light wavelengths for quantum-secure transmission from the transmitting device to the receiving device;

[0063] Step S502: Multiplex the classic transmission information using the corresponding wavelength;

[0064] Step S503: The multiplexed quantum state information and the multiplexed classical transmission information are transmitted to the receiving device through the same optical fiber.

[0065] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the transmitting device uses a first wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) module to multiplex quantum state information and classical transmission information using different wavelengths onto the same optical fiber for transmission. Specifically, the first WDM module multiplexes the quantum state information using quantum light wavelengths and the classical transmission information using corresponding wavelengths, then transmits the multiplexed quantum state information and the multiplexed classical transmission information through the same optical fiber to the receiving device. The transmitting device sends quantum state information to the receiving device for quantum-secure transmission between the transmitting and receiving devices.

[0066] Step S504: Generate key pool file information based on the key from the receiving device.

[0067] like Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the security of interactive information sent from the receiving device to the transmitting device needs to be guaranteed. Since sending quantum state information from the transmitting device to the receiving device only guarantees security in the direction from the transmitting device to the receiving device, it cannot provide security for the interactive information itself.

[0068] To address this, this application includes a first key information generation module and a second key generation module in both the transmitting and receiving devices. The first and second key information generation modules generate first and second key pool file information respectively according to the quantum direct communication protocol corresponding to quantum-secure transmission. Specifically, the second key information generation module generates the second key pool file information based on the quantum state sequence and the demultiplexed classical transmission information, while the first key information generation module generates relevant information based on the key generated from the receiving device, in conjunction with relevant information from the quantum system's transmitting module, to generate the first key pool file information.

[0069] Specifically, the second wavelength division multiplexing module of the receiving device demultiplexes the received quantum state information and classical transmission information to obtain a quantum state sequence and demultiplexed classical transmission information. The second key information generation module obtains the classical original sequence from the quantum state sequence, where the quantum state sequence and the classical original sequence correspond. Then, the classical original sequence is processed using the demultiplexed classical transmission information to generate the second key pool file information. The second wavelength division multiplexing module of the receiving device demultiplexes the received quantum state information to obtain a quantum state sequence, and then obtains the corresponding classical original sequence. The classical sequence corresponding to the quantum state information is called the first classical sequence. The receiving device knows which bits of the first classical sequence the received classical original sequence is, and then sends the sequence identifier indicating these bits (i.e., the sequence identifier of the first classical sequence) to the transmitting device. The transmitting device stores or knows the first classical sequence corresponding to the quantum state information. The first key information generation module of the transmitting device first receives the sequence identifier of the first classical sequence from the receiving device. Then, it determines the second classical sequence based on the sequence identifier, that is, it selects the bits indicated by the sequence identifier from the first classical sequence to form the second classical sequence. Finally, the first key information generation module processes the second classic sequence based on the classic transmission information to generate the first key pool file information.

[0070] According to some embodiments, for the same transmission of quantum state information, the generated first key pool file information and second key pool file information are identical. During the transmission of quantum state information between the transmitting and receiving devices, key pool file information can be continuously generated. According to some embodiments, the key pool file information can be stored separately in the key information pools of the transmitting and receiving devices for subsequent encryption and decryption of interactive information.

[0071] Thus, step S504 may include:

[0072] Receive a sequence identifier of a first classical sequence from the receiving device, wherein the first classical sequence corresponds to the quantum state information;

[0073] The second classical sequence is determined based on the sequence identifier; and

[0074] The second classic sequence is processed according to the classic transmission information to generate the key pool file information.

[0075] Step S505: Receive encrypted interactive information from the receiving device;

[0076] Step S506: Decrypt the encrypted interactive information using the key pool file information.

[0077] Next, the second classic transmission module encrypts the interaction information according to the information in the second key pool file and sends the encrypted interaction information. The first classic transmission module receives the encrypted interaction information and decrypts it according to the information in the first key pool file.

[0078] According to some embodiments, the encryption of the interactive information between the transmitting and receiving devices can employ symmetric encryption. More specifically, a one-time key transmission method can be used. A second key information generation module generates a key based on key pool file information, and a second classical transmission module uses this key to encrypt the interactive information; a first key information generation module generates a key based on key pool file information, and a first classical transmission module uses this key to decrypt the interactive information. When using symmetric encryption, the generated key can be the same as the key pool file information, or it can be formed after some processing of the key pool file information.

[0079] According to other embodiments, the encryption of the interactive information between the transmitting and receiving devices can employ asymmetric encryption. A second key information generation module generates a key pair based on key pool file information. This key pair includes a public key and a private key. The second classical transmission module uses the public key from the key pair to encrypt the interactive information. A first key information generation module generates a key pair based on key pool file information, and the first classical transmission module uses the private key from the key pair to decrypt the interactive information.

[0080] Thus, step S506 may include:

[0081] A key is generated based on the key pool file information, and the key is used to decrypt the encrypted interactive information; or

[0082] A key pair is generated based on the key pool file information, and the encrypted interactive information is decrypted using the private key in the key pair.

[0083] Based on the aforementioned quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication system, according to one aspect of this application, a quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication method is provided. For example... Figure 5 As shown, this method is applied to a receiving device and includes the following steps.

[0084] Step S601: Receive multiplexed quantum state information and multiplexed classical transmission information transmitted in the same optical fiber, wherein the multiplexed quantum state information is used for quantum-secure transmission from the transmitting device to the receiving device;

[0085] Step S602: Demultiplex the multiplexed quantum state information and the multiplexed classical transmission information using corresponding wavelengths to obtain the quantum state sequence and the demultiplexed classical transmission information;

[0086] Step S603: Generate key pool file information based on the quantum state sequence and the demultiplexed classical transmission information;

[0087] Step S604: Encrypt the interaction information according to the key pool file information; and

[0088] Step S605: Send the encrypted interactive information to the sending device.

[0089] Step S603 may include:

[0090] The classical original sequence is obtained through the quantum state sequence; and

[0091] The classic original sequence is processed using the demultiplexed classic transmission information to generate the key pool file information.

[0092] Step S605 may include:

[0093] A key is generated based on the key pool file information, and the key is used to encrypt the interactive information; or

[0094] A key pair is generated based on the key pool file information, and the interactive information is encrypted using the public key in the key pair.

[0095] According to the quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication method and system of this application, on the one hand, by combining wavelength division multiplexing technology to merge the terminal channels into a single physical link, the link resource occupation is reduced. The whole only requires one quantum direct communication transmitter and one receiver to realize duplex secure communication between the two parties, which reduces deployment costs and reduces the physical resource overhead of the link. On the other hand, the classical secure communication scheme is integrated into the quantum direct communication system. Compared with the scheme of deploying two sets of quantum direct communication terminals, this scheme achieves a more economical system design without significantly reducing the security of the existing system. At the same time, due to the compatibility with the classical security scheme, it expands the compatibility with the existing classical security system.

[0096] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the ideas of this application, and on the specific implementation methods and application scope of this application, are all within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication method, applied to a transmitting device, characterized in that, include: Quantum state information is multiplexed using quantum light wavelengths for quantum-secure transmission from the transmitting device to the receiving device; Classical transmission information is multiplexed using the corresponding wavelength; The multiplexed quantum state information and the multiplexed classical transmission information are transmitted to the receiving device through the same optical fiber; Generate key pool file information based on the key generated from the receiving device; Receive encrypted interactive information from the receiving device; as well as The encrypted interactive information is decrypted using the key pool file information; The key generation related information includes the sequence identifier of the first classic sequence, and the step of generating key pool file information based on the key generation related information from the receiving device includes: Receive a sequence identifier of the first classical sequence from the receiving device, wherein the first classical sequence corresponds to the quantum state information; The second classical sequence is determined based on the sequence identifier; and The second classic sequence is processed according to the classic transmission information to generate the key pool file information.

2. The duplex secure communication method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of decrypting the encrypted interactive information using the key pool file information includes: A key is generated based on the key pool file information, and the key is used to decrypt the encrypted interactive information; or A key pair is generated based on the key pool file information, and the encrypted interactive information is decrypted using the private key in the key pair.

3. A quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication method, applied to a receiving device, characterized in that, include: Receive multiplexed quantum state information and multiplexed classical transmission information transmitted in the same optical fiber, wherein the multiplexed quantum state information is used for quantum-safe transmission from the transmitting device to the receiving device; The multiplexed quantum state information and the multiplexed classical transmission information are demultiplexed using corresponding wavelengths to obtain the quantum state sequence and the demultiplexed classical transmission information; Based on the quantum state sequence and the demultiplexed classical transmission information, key pool file information is generated; The interaction information is encrypted according to the key pool file information; as well as Send encrypted interactive information to the sending device; The step of generating key pool file information based on the quantum state sequence and the demultiplexed classical transmission information includes: The classical original sequence is obtained through the quantum state sequence; and The classic original sequence is processed using the demultiplexed classic transmission information to generate the key pool file information.

4. The duplex secure communication method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of encrypting the interactive information according to the key pool file information includes: A key is generated based on the key pool file information, and the key is used to encrypt the interactive information; or A key pair is generated based on the key pool file information, and the interactive information is encrypted using the public key in the key pair.

5. A quantum-classical hybrid transmission duplex secure communication system, characterized in that, The system includes a transmitting device and a receiving device. The transmitting device comprises a quantum system transmitting module, a first classical transmission module, a first wavelength division multiplexing module, and a first key information generation module. The receiving device comprises a quantum system receiving module, a second classical transmission module, a second wavelength division multiplexing module, and a second key information generation module, wherein: The quantum system transmission module is used to transmit quantum state information; The first classic transmission module is used to transmit classic transmission information; The first wavelength division multiplexing module is used to multiplex the quantum state information using quantum light wavelengths for quantum-secure transmission from the transmitting device to the receiving device, to multiplex the classical transmission information using corresponding wavelengths, and to transmit the multiplexed quantum state information and the multiplexed classical transmission information to the receiving device through the same optical fiber. The first key information generation module is used to generate relevant information based on the key from the receiving device, and generate first key pool file information; The second wavelength division multiplexing module is used to demultiplex the received multiplexed quantum state information and the multiplexed classical transmission information to obtain a quantum state sequence and demultiplexed classical transmission information; The quantum system receiving module is used to receive the quantum state sequence; The second classic transmission module is used to transmit the demultiplexed classic transmission information; The second key information generation module is used to generate second key pool file information based on the quantum state sequence and the demultiplexed classical transmission information; The second classic transmission module is used to encrypt the interactive information according to the information in the second key pool file, and then send the encrypted interactive information. The first classic transmission module is used to receive the encrypted interactive information and decrypt the encrypted interactive information according to the first key pool file information; The key generation related information includes the sequence identifier of the first classic sequence, and the first key information generation module is used for: Receive a sequence identifier of the first classical sequence from the receiving device, wherein the first classical sequence corresponds to the quantum state information; The second classical sequence is determined based on the sequence identifier; and The second classic sequence is processed according to the classic transmission information to generate the first key pool file information; The second key information generation module is used for: The classical original sequence is obtained through the quantum state sequence; and The demultiplexed classic transmission information is used to process the classic original sequence to generate the second key pool file information.

6. The duplex secure communication system as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The second key information generation module is used to generate a key based on the second key pool file information, and the second classic transmission module is used to encrypt the interactive information using the key; or The second key information generation module is used to generate a key pair based on the second key pool file information, and the second classic transmission module is used to encrypt the interactive information using the public key in the key pair.

7. The duplex secure communication system as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The first key information generation module is used to generate a key based on the first key pool file information, and the first classic transmission module is used to decrypt the interactive information using the key; or The first key information generation module is used to generate a key pair based on the first key pool file information, and the first classic transmission module is used to decrypt the interactive information using the private key in the key pair.

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