A method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process and the emulsion explosive produced thereby

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process, belonging to the technical field of explosive production. It includes the following steps: preparing a sensitizer solution, preparing a catalyst solution, adding the sensitizer solution and the catalyst solution into their respective storage tanks, and corresponding storage tanks are provided with a sensitizer pump and a catalyst pump; providing perlite, adding perlite into the storage tank, and a feeding control valve is arranged at the outlet of the storage tank; the sensitizer pump, the catalyst pump and the outlet are all connected to the sensitizer; when the matrix continuously enters the inlet of the sensitizer, start the sensitizer pump, the catalyst pump and the feeding control valve, and at the same time start the sensitizer. After the matrix covers the mixing blades of the premixer at the inlet of the sensitizer, adjust the valve of the sensitizer, control and maintain the covering height of the matrix, and carry out the sensitization operation of the explosive, and discharge the medicine to obtain the finished emulsion explosive. The production method of the present invention can improve the comprehensive performance of the emulsion explosive and at the same time improve the storage stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of explosive production, and particularly relates to a method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process. Background Art

[0002] Emulsion explosives are widely used due to their advantages such as good water resistance, explosion performance, low production cost, and little environmental pollution. Emulsion explosives use an aqueous solution of oxidants such as ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate as the water phase, and an emulsifier and composite wax as the oil phase to form a W / O type latex matrix through shear force. The density of the latex matrix is generally about 1.31 - 1.38 g / cm 3 or so, and it basically does not have detonator sensitivity. In order to increase the detonator sensitivity of the latex matrix to make it a detonator-sensitive explosive, a large number of tiny effective bubbles need to be incorporated into the emulsion matrix and the incorporated bubbles are evenly distributed in the latex matrix. When detonated, the tiny bubbles are adiabatically compressed under the action of external energy, and the temperature rapidly rises to above 400 °C in a very short time, thus quickly triggering the explosion of the emulsion explosive. The gas sensitization method is generally divided into two categories: physical sensitization and chemical sensitization. The most core problem of chemical sensitization is the stability of the bubbles, which is mainly reflected in three aspects: whether the size of the bubbles is appropriate, whether the bubble distribution is uniform, and whether the bubbles have storage stability. This directly affects the explosion performance and storage stability of emulsion explosives.

[0003] The chemical sensitizer used in emulsion explosives is generally the H foaming agent or the sodium nitrite foaming system. At present, sodium nitrite is used more in domestic continuous automated production lines of emulsion explosives, that is, a mixed solution of sodium nitrite, water and other auxiliary additives is used as the chemical foaming agent for emulsion explosives. The foaming mechanism of the sodium nitrite foaming agent is as follows:

[0004] NH4NO3 + NaNO2 → NH4NO2 + NaNO3,

[0005] NH4NO2 → N2↑ + 2H2O,

[0006] The overall formula is: NH4NO3 + NaNO2 → N2 + 2H2O + NaNO3.

[0007] The nitrogen gas generated by the decomposition of sodium nitrite is distributed in the emulsion explosive matrix in the form of tiny bubbles, reducing the density of the emulsion matrix and improving the explosive performance of the explosive. Under normal circumstances, the sensitizing bubbles should be of appropriate size, evenly distributed, and stably stored in the emulsion matrix, and are not prone to significant state changes. Some studies have pointed out that the diameter of chemical bubbles is generally about 100 μm as the best, and the bubbles smaller than 100 μm should be controlled at more than 75%. When the bubble diameter is much larger than 100 μm, it becomes an ineffective bubble, affecting the explosive performance of the emulsion explosive. The quality of the sensitization effect of the emulsion explosive directly affects the storage stability and use effect of the explosive. Therefore, the sensitization process is a very important link in the production of emulsion explosives.

[0008] Emulsion explosives manufactured by different sensitization methods all have their characteristics. For example, the explosives produced by the pure chemical sensitization process have the best explosive performance, but the explosive state is relatively soft, vulnerable to the influence of the environment, not easily controlled during the production and storage processes, and there are obvious aftereffects; the explosives produced by the expanded perlite sensitization process have a better explosive state, but there are many negative effects during the production process (pollution, easy to cause equipment wear, high production cost), and the explosive performance is relatively low. The existing composite sensitization processes are difficult to achieve the expected results.

[0009] In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for producing emulsion explosives by a composite sensitization process, aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, to improve the comprehensive performance of emulsion explosives and at the same time improve the storage stability.

[0011] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0012] A method for producing emulsion explosives by a composite sensitization process, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Prepare a sensitizer solution. Add the measured hot water into the sensitizer preparation tank, control the water temperature at 50°C - 70°C, and then slowly add sodium nitrite, stir until completely dissolved and there are no visible particles to obtain the sensitizer solution;

[0014] Prepare a catalyst solution. Add hot water into the catalyst preparation tank, control the water temperature at 50°C - 70°C, start stirring, and then slowly add ammonium nitrate, stir until there are no visible particles; keep stirring, slowly add an accelerator, and continue to stir until completely dissolved to obtain the catalyst solution;

[0015] Add the sensitizer solution and the catalyst solution into their respective storage tanks, and the corresponding storage tanks are provided with a sensitizer pump and a catalyst pump;

[0016] Provide perlite, add the perlite into the storage tank, and a blanking control valve is provided at the outlet of the storage tank;

[0017] The sensitizer pump, the catalyst pump and the outlet are all connected to the sensitizer machine;

[0018] When the substrate continuously enters the inlet of the sensitizer machine, turn on the sensitizer pump, the catalyst pump and the feeding control valve, and at the same time turn on the sensitizer machine. After the substrate covers the mixing blades of the premixer at the inlet of the sensitizer machine, adjust the valve of the sensitizer machine, control and maintain the covering height of the substrate, and perform the sensitization operation of the explosive. Discharge the medicine to obtain the finished emulsion explosive.

[0019] Optionally, after the sensitizer solution is prepared, measure the pH value and density of the sensitizer solution.

[0020] Preferably, the pH value of the sensitizer solution is 8.5 - 9.5, and the density is 1.12 g / cm 3 ~1.14 g / cm 3 .

[0021] Optionally, after the catalyst solution is prepared, measure the pH value and density of the catalyst solution.

[0022] Preferably, the pH value of the catalyst solution is 3.5 - 4.0, and the density is 1.14 g / cm 3 ~1.17 g / cm 3 .

[0023] Optionally, the weight ratio of sodium nitrite to water in the sensitizer solution is (85 - 95):(205 - 215).

[0024] Optionally, the addition amount of the sensitizer solution is 1.7 L / h - 2.6 L / h per ton of explosive.

[0025] Optionally, the weight ratio of perlite to sodium nitrite is (30 - 35):(65 - 70).

[0026] Preferably, the bulk density of perlite can be selected as 45 - 65 kg / m 3 .

[0027] Optionally, the weight ratio of the promoter, ammonium nitrate and water in the catalyst solution is (28 - 32):(118 - 122):(145 - 155).

[0028] Optionally, the promoter is at least one of acetic acid, oxalic acid and phosphoric acid.

[0029] Optionally, the addition amount of the catalyst solution is 1.7 L / h - 3.5 L / h per ton of explosive.

[0030] Optionally, the temperature of the sensitization operation is 50 - 55 °C.

[0031] An emulsion explosive prepared by the above method, which is made of 92-95% by weight of matrix, 3-5% by weight of composite sensitizer and 1-3% by weight of catalyst. The composite sensitizer is composed of sodium nitrite and perlite in a weight ratio of (65-70):(30-35), and the catalyst is composed of accelerator and ammonium nitrate in a weight ratio of (28-32):(118-122).

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] The present invention adopts a chemical and physical composite sensitization method, which can overcome the disadvantages of single physical or single chemical sensitization, and significantly improve the performance of emulsion explosives through composite sensitization. The explosive state is significantly improved compared with chemical sensitization, and the storage stability is higher. The present invention improves the composite sensitization production process, finely controls the preparation process of sensitizer, the preparation process of catalyst and the feeding time, etc. The performance balance of the emulsion explosive produced is better, the storage stability is better, the product quality is more stable, and the explosive state better meets the user's needs.

[0034] The sensitizer solution of the present invention is obtained by dissolving sodium nitrite with hot water at 50-70°C; the catalyst solution is obtained by dissolving ammonium nitrate and accelerator with hot water at 50-70°C in sequence; during sensitization, when the matrix continuously enters the inlet of the sensitizer, turn on the sensitizer pump, catalyst pump and blanking control valve, and at the same time turn on the sensitizer. After the matrix covers the mixing blades of the premixer at the inlet of the sensitizer, adjust the valve of the sensitizer, control and maintain the covering height of the matrix, and carry out the sensitization operation of the explosive; based on the above process steps, control the sensitization process of the emulsion explosive. After the explosive comes out of the outlet of the sensitizer, detect its temperature, and adjust the temperature of the explosive through the cooling equipment, and control the temperature of the discharged explosive within the range of 45°C to 52°C. When the temperature is high, the sensitization speed will increase, but if the sensitization temperature is too high, the explosive body will be too thin and unable to normally retain microbubbles; when the temperature is low, the sensitization speed will slow down. When the temperature is too low, it cannot foam quickly, and the latex explosive body is viscous, and the charging pressure is too high, affecting the charging effect. Then, after the bulk emulsion explosive that meets the temperature requirements comes out of the outlet of the sensitizer, detect its density; if there is an abnormality, check the flow rate of the sensitizer and catalyst and the batching process; take the final density of the cartridge as the standard, and control the density of the small cartridge between 1.08 g / cm 3 ~1.12 g / cm 3 ; control the density of the large cartridge between 1.08 g / cm 3 ~1.15 g / cm 3 .

[0035] Different sensitization processes have their own advantages and disadvantages. Although the chemical sensitization method is simple and low-cost, it is affected by temperature and after-effects. The physical sensitization process causes relatively large pollution, and the explosive performance of the product is also inhibited to a certain extent. The present invention optimizes the sensitization process by adopting a physical-chemical composite sensitization process, scientifically and reasonably matching the dosage and ratio of raw materials, improving the detonation velocity, brisance, and sympathetic detonation performance of the emulsion explosive, etc., and simultaneously improving the explosive state and storage stability. The density of the emulsion explosive of the present invention is 1.10 kg·m -3 or so, the detonation velocity is between 4900 and 5200 m·s -1 , the sympathetic detonation distance is ≥9 cm, the brisance is ≥19 mm, the quality stability is good, and the explosive state is good. Specific Embodiments

[0036] To better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention will be further clearly described below in conjunction with embodiments. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. In the following description, a large number of specific details are given to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without one or more of these details.

[0037] In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be construed as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0038] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials are commercially available products, and unless otherwise specified, they do not contain other components not explicitly mentioned except for inevitable impurities.

[0039] The bulk density of the perlite used in the present invention is 45 - 65 kg / m 3 .

[0040] The sensitizer involved in the present invention is a conventional device in the art.

[0041] The matrix used in the present invention and its preparation method are all conventional technologies in the art, and can be conventionally selected and adopted with the following composition: The matrix is made of an oxidizer, water, an emulsifier, and an oil-soluble substance, wherein:

[0042] The oxidizer can be selected from at least one of ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, and other conventional oxidizers;

[0043] The emulsifier can be selected from at least one of sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monooleate anhydride, xylitol anhydride monooleate, polyisobutylene succinimide, sorbitan monopalmitate, lecithin, glyceryl stearate, mannitol synthetic fatty acid, sodium dodecyl sulfate, dodecyl alcohol acyl phosphatide, and other conventional emulsifiers;

[0044] The oil-soluble substances can be selected from at least one of paraffin wax, beeswax, microcrystalline wax, composite wax, petrolatum, machine oil and other conventional oil-soluble substances;

[0045] By weight, the oxidizer, water, emulsifier and oil-soluble substances are respectively: 80 - 85 parts, 9 - 12 parts, 3 - 6 parts and 2 - 3 parts.

[0046] In the following examples, the matrix is prepared from raw materials in the following parts by weight: 82 parts of ammonium nitrate, 10 parts of water, 5 parts of sorbitan monooleate, 1.2 parts of paraffin wax, 0.8 part of composite wax, and 1.0 part of microcrystalline wax.

[0047] In the following examples, the detection of the density, detonation velocity, brisance and sympathetic detonation distance of the explosive is carried out with reference to GB18095 - 2000 emulsion explosive.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] A method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process, comprising the following steps:

[0050] Prepare the sensitizer solution. Add the measured hot water into the sensitizer preparation tank, control the water temperature at 60 °C, then slowly add sodium nitrite and stir until completely dissolved without visible particles to obtain the sensitizer solution; after the preparation of the sensitizer solution is completed, measure the pH value and density of the sensitizer solution. The pH value of the sensitizer solution is 9.0, and the density is 1.12 g / cm 3 ~1.13 g / cm 3 ;

[0051] Prepare the catalyst solution. Add hot water into the catalyst preparation tank, control the water temperature at 60 °C, start stirring, then slowly add ammonium nitrate and stir until there are no visible particles; keep stirring, slowly add the accelerator, and continue stirring until completely dissolved to obtain the catalyst solution; after the preparation of the catalyst solution is completed, measure the pH value and density of the catalyst solution. The pH value of the catalyst solution is: 3.8, and the density is 1.14 g / cm 3 ~1.15 g / cm 3 ;

[0052] Add the sensitizer solution and the catalyst solution into their respective storage tanks, and set a sensitizer pump and a catalyst pump in the corresponding storage tanks;

[0053] Provide perlite, add perlite into the storage tank, and set a feeding control valve at the outlet of the storage tank;

[0054] The sensitizer pump, the catalyst pump and the outlet are all connected to the sensitizer;

[0055] When the substrate continuously enters the inlet of the sensitizer, turn on the sensitizer pump, catalyst pump and blanking control valve, and at the same time turn on the sensitizer. After the substrate covers the mixing blades of the premixer at the inlet of the sensitizer, adjust the sensitizer valve, control and maintain the covering height of the substrate, and carry out the sensitization operation of the explosive. Then discharge the medicine to obtain the finished emulsion explosive.

[0056] The weight ratio of sodium nitrite to water in the sensitizer solution is 90:210. The addition amount of the sensitizer solution is 2.4 L / h per ton of explosive.

[0057] The weight ratio of perlite to sodium nitrite is 35:65.

[0058] The weight ratio of accelerator, ammonium nitrate and water in the catalyst solution is 30:120:150. The accelerator is acetic acid. The addition amount of the catalyst solution is 2.6 L / h per ton of explosive.

[0059] The temperature of the sensitization operation is 50 °C.

[0060] An emulsion explosive prepared by the above method is made of 93% by weight of substrate, 4% by weight of composite sensitizer and 3% by weight of catalyst. The composite sensitizer is composed of sodium nitrite and perlite in a weight ratio of 65:35, and the catalyst is composed of accelerator and ammonium nitrate in a weight ratio of 30:120.

[0061] The detection data of the emulsion explosive in this example are as follows:

[0062] Storage period / d <![CDATA[Detonation velocity / m·s -1 > Sympathetic detonation distance / cm Briskness / mm <![CDATA[Explosive density / kg·m -3 > The 1st day 5145 10 20.4 1.11 The 270th day 4227 6 15.2 1.20

[0063] Example 2

[0064] A method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process includes the following steps:

[0065] Prepare the sensitizer solution. Add the measured hot water to the sensitizer preparation tank, control the water temperature at 50 °C, and then slowly add sodium nitrite and stir until completely dissolved without visible particles to obtain the sensitizer solution. After the preparation of the sensitizer solution is completed, measure the pH value and density of the sensitizer solution. The pH value of the sensitizer solution is 8.9, and the density is 1.13 g / cm 3 ~1.14 g / cm 3 ;

[0066] Prepare the catalyst solution. Add hot water to the catalyst preparation tank, control the water temperature at 50 °C, turn on the stirrer, and then slowly add ammonium nitrate and stir until there are no visible particles; keep stirring and slowly add the accelerator, and continue to stir until completely dissolved to obtain the catalyst solution. After the preparation of the catalyst solution is completed, measure the pH value and density of the catalyst solution. The pH value of the catalyst solution: 3.9, and the density is 1.15 g / cm 3 ~1.16 g / cm 3;

[0067] Add the sensitizer solution and the catalyst solution into their respective storage tanks, and set a sensitizer pump and a catalyst pump for the corresponding storage tanks;

[0068] Provide perlite, add the perlite into the storage tank, and set a blanking control valve at the outlet of the storage tank;

[0069] The sensitizer pump, the catalyst pump and the outlet are all connected to the sensitizer;

[0070] When the substrate continuously enters the inlet of the sensitizer, turn on the sensitizer pump, the catalyst pump and the blanking control valve, and at the same time turn on the sensitizer. After the substrate covers the mixing blades of the premixer at the inlet of the sensitizer, adjust the valve of the sensitizer, control and maintain the covering height of the substrate, carry out the sensitization operation of the explosive, discharge the medicine, and obtain the finished emulsion explosive.

[0071] The weight ratio of sodium nitrite to water in the sensitizer solution is 85:215. The addition amount of the sensitizer solution is 2.0 L / h per ton of explosive.

[0072] The weight ratio of perlite to sodium nitrite is 30:70.

[0073] The weight ratio of the accelerator, ammonium nitrate and water in the catalyst solution is 28:122:150. The accelerator is phosphoric acid. The addition amount of the catalyst solution is 2.1 L / h per ton of explosive.

[0074] The temperature of the sensitization operation is 52 °C.

[0075] An emulsion explosive prepared by the above method is made of 94% by weight of the substrate, 5% by weight of the composite sensitizer and 1% by weight of the catalyst. The composite sensitizer is composed of sodium nitrite and perlite in a weight ratio of 70:30, and the catalyst is composed of the accelerator and ammonium nitrate in a weight ratio of 28:122.

[0076] The detection data of the emulsion explosive in this example are as follows:

[0077] Storage period / d <![CDATA[Detonation velocity / m·s -1 > Sympathetic detonation distance / cm Briskness / mm <![CDATA[Explosive density / kg·m -3 > The 1st day 4953 9 19.3 1.09 The 270th day 4102 6 14.9 1.17

[0078] Example 3

[0079] A method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process, comprising the following steps:

[0080] Prepare the sensitizer solution. Add the measured hot water into the sensitizer preparation tank, control the water temperature at 70 °C, and then slowly add sodium nitrite and stir until completely dissolved without visible particles to obtain the sensitizer solution; after the preparation of the sensitizer solution is completed, measure the pH value and density of the sensitizer solution. The pH value of the sensitizer solution is 9.1, and the density is 1.13 g / cm 3 ~1.14 g / cm 3 ;

[0081] Prepare a catalyst solution. Add hot water to the catalyst preparation tank, control the water temperature at 70 °C, start stirring, and then slowly add ammonium nitrate and stir until no visible particles remain. While maintaining the stirring state, slowly add the promoter and continue stirring until completely dissolved to obtain the catalyst solution. After the catalyst solution is prepared, measure the pH value and density of the catalyst solution. The pH value of the catalyst solution is 3.7, and the density is 1.16 g / cm 3 ~1.17 g / cm 3 ;

[0082] Add the sensitizer solution and the catalyst solution to their respective storage tanks, and set a sensitizer pump and a catalyst pump for the corresponding storage tanks;

[0083] Provide perlite and add it to the storage tank. Set a feeding control valve at the outlet of the storage tank;

[0084] The sensitizer pump, the catalyst pump, and the outlet are all connected to the sensitizer;

[0085] When the substrate continuously enters the inlet of the sensitizer, start the sensitizer pump, the catalyst pump, and the feeding control valve, and at the same time start the sensitizer. After the substrate covers the mixing blades of the premixer at the inlet of the sensitizer, adjust the valve of the sensitizer, control and maintain the covering height of the substrate, and carry out the sensitization operation of the explosive, and discharge the product to obtain the finished emulsion explosive.

[0086] The weight ratio of sodium nitrite to water in the sensitizer solution is 95:205. The addition amount of the sensitizer solution is 2.6 L / h per ton of explosive.

[0087] The weight ratio of perlite to sodium nitrite is 32:68.

[0088] The weight ratio of the promoter, ammonium nitrate, and water in the catalyst solution is 32:118:150. The promoter is phosphoric acid. The addition amount of the catalyst solution is 3.2 L / h per ton of explosive.

[0089] The temperature of the sensitization operation is 53 °C.

[0090] An emulsion explosive prepared by the above method is made of 95% by weight of the substrate, 3% by weight of the composite sensitizer, and 2% by weight of the catalyst. The composite sensitizer is composed of sodium nitrite and perlite in a weight ratio of 68:32, and the catalyst is composed of the promoter and ammonium nitrate in a weight ratio of 32:118.

[0091] The detection data of the emulsion explosive in this example are as follows:

[0092] Storage period / d <![CDATA[Detonation velocity / m·s -1 > Sympathetic detonation distance / cm Briskness / mm <![CDATA[Explosive density / kg·m -3 > The 1st day 5002 10 19.1 1.10 The 270th day 4114 6 14.0 1.21

[0093] Example 4

[0094] This embodiment provides a method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process. Different from Embodiment 1:

[0095] In the sensitizer solution, the weight ratio of sodium nitrite to water is 86:214. The addition amount of the sensitizer solution is 1.7 L / h per ton of explosive.

[0096] The weight ratio of perlite to sodium nitrite is 31:69.

[0097] In the catalyst solution, the weight ratio of accelerator, ammonium nitrate and water is 29:121:150. The accelerator is phosphoric acid. The addition amount of the catalyst solution is 3.5 L / h per ton of explosive.

[0098] The temperature of the sensitization operation is 55 °C.

[0099] The detection data of the emulsion explosive in this embodiment are as follows:

[0100] Storage period / d <![CDATA[Detonation velocity / m·s -1 > Sympathetic detonation distance / cm Briskness / mm <![CDATA[Explosive density / kg·m -3 > The 1st day 4986 9 19.1 1.11 The 270th day 4031 5 13.4 1.23

[0101] Example 5

[0102] This embodiment provides a method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process. Different from Embodiment 1:

[0103] In the sensitizer solution, the weight ratio of sodium nitrite to water is 92:208. The addition amount of the sensitizer solution is 2.0 L / h per ton of explosive.

[0104] The weight ratio of perlite to sodium nitrite is 34:66.

[0105] In the catalyst solution, the weight ratio of accelerator, ammonium nitrate and water is 31:119:150. The accelerator is phosphoric acid. The addition amount of the catalyst solution is 1.7 L / h per ton of explosive.

[0106] The temperature of the sensitization operation is 54 °C.

[0107] The detection data of the emulsion explosive in this embodiment are as follows:

[0108] Storage period / d <![CDATA[Detonation velocity / m·s -1 > Sympathetic detonation distance / cm Briskness / mm <![CDATA[Explosive density / kg·m -3 > The 1st day 5015 9 20.0 1.10 The 270th day 4056 5 15.1 1.21

[0109] Example 6

[0110] This embodiment provides a method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process. Different from Embodiment 1:

[0111] An emulsion explosive prepared by the above method is made of 92% by weight of matrix, 5% by weight of composite sensitizer and 3% by weight of catalyst. The composite sensitizer is composed of sodium nitrite and perlite in a weight ratio of 65:35, and the catalyst is composed of accelerator and ammonium nitrate in a weight ratio of 30:120.

[0112] The detection data of the emulsion explosive in this embodiment are as follows:

[0113] Storage period / d <![CDATA[Detonation velocity / m·s -1 > Sympathetic detonation distance / cm Briskness / mm <![CDATA[Explosive density / kg·m -3 > The 1st day 5117 10 19.2 1.09 The 270th day 4128 6 14.1 1.20

[0114] The detection data of the above embodiment show that the explosive density of the emulsion explosive of the present invention is about 1.10 kg·m -3 or so, the detonation velocity is 4900 - 5200 m·s -1 , the sympathetic detonation distance is ≥9 cm, and the brisance is ≥19 mm. After being stored for 270 days, although the various performances have decreased, they still meet the relevant usage requirements of the emulsion explosive. At the same time, the explosive state of the explosive obtained in the above embodiment is good both when it is prepared and after storage.

[0115] Comparative Example 1

[0116] This comparative example provides a method for producing an emulsion explosive. The difference from Example 1 is that:

[0117] The specific steps of adding perlite and its addition are omitted.

[0118] The detection data of the emulsion explosive in this comparative example are as follows:

[0119] Storage period / d <![CDATA[Detonation velocity / m·s -1 > Sympathetic detonation distance / cm Briskness / mm <![CDATA[Explosive density / kg·m -3 > The 1st day 5020 10 19.3 0.95 The 270th day 3428 3 12.0 1.18

[0120] The various performances of the emulsion explosive obtained in this comparative example are comparable to those of Example 1, but the explosive density is significantly lower; on the 270th day of storage, the various performances have decreased significantly compared with Example 1, indicating that the appropriate addition of perlite can improve the storage stability of the emulsion explosive.

[0121] Comparative Example 2

[0122] A method for producing an emulsion explosive, comprising the following steps:

[0123] Add the measured hot water into the sensitizer preparation tank, control the water temperature at 60°C, then slowly add sodium nitrite, and stir until it is completely dissolved without visible particles to obtain a sensitizer solution;

[0124] Add hot water into the catalyst preparation tank, control the water temperature at 60°C, start stirring, then slowly add the accelerator, and continue stirring until it is completely dissolved to obtain a catalyst solution;

[0125] Add the sensitizer solution and the catalyst solution into their respective storage tanks, and the corresponding storage tanks are provided with a sensitizer pump and a catalyst pump;

[0126] Both the sensitizer pump and the catalyst pump are connected to the sensitizer;

[0127] When the substrate continuously enters the inlet of the sensitizer, start the sensitizer pump and the catalyst pump, and at the same time start the sensitizer. After the substrate covers the mixing blades of the premixer at the inlet of the sensitizer, adjust the sensitizer valve, control and maintain the covering height of the substrate, and carry out the sensitization operation of the explosive. Then discharge the product to obtain the finished emulsion explosive.

[0128] The weight ratio of sodium nitrite to water in the sensitizer solution is 90:210. The addition amount of the sensitizer solution is 2.4 L / h per ton of explosive.

[0129] The weight ratio of the accelerator to water in the catalyst solution is 30:150. The accelerator is acetic acid. The addition amount of the catalyst solution is 2.6 L / h per ton of explosive.

[0130] The temperature of the sensitization operation is 50 °C.

[0131] An emulsion explosive prepared by the above method is composed of 93% by weight of the substrate, 4% by weight of the sensitizer, and 3% by weight of the catalyst. The sensitizer is sodium nitrite, and the catalyst is acetic acid.

[0132] The detection data of the emulsion explosive in this comparative example are as follows:

[0133] Storage period / d <![CDATA[Detonation velocity / m·s -1 > Sympathetic detonation distance / cm Briskness / mm <![CDATA[Explosive density / kg·m -3 > The 1st day 4326 6 15.7 0.98 The 270th day 3028 2 9.2 1.15

[0134] The various performances of the emulsion explosive obtained in this comparative example are average; on the 270th day of storage, the decline of various performances is more significant than that in Example 1, indicating that the reasonable use of the catalyst and perlite can improve the comprehensive performance and stability of the emulsion explosive.

[0135] Comparative Example 3

[0136] This comparative example provides a method for producing an emulsion explosive, which is different from Example 1 in that:

[0137] The weight ratio of sodium nitrite to water in the sensitizer solution is 75:225. The addition amount of the sensitizer solution is 2.5 L / h per ton of explosive.

[0138] The weight ratio of perlite to sodium nitrite is 65:35.

[0139] The detection data of the emulsion explosive in this comparative example are as follows:

[0140] Storage period / d <![CDATA[Detonation velocity / m·s -1 > Sympathetic detonation distance / cm Briskness / mm <![CDATA[Explosive density / kg·m -3 > The 1st day 4507 7 17.0 1.23 The 270th day 3316 3 11.5 1.35

[0141] The various performances of the emulsion explosive obtained in this comparative example decline significantly compared with those in Example 1; on the 270th day of storage, the decline of various performances is more significant than that in Example 1, indicating that the reasonable dosage of the sensitizer and perlite can improve the comprehensive performance and stability of the emulsion explosive.

[0142] Comparative Example 4

[0143] This comparative example provides a method for producing emulsion explosive, referring to Example 1 described in the specification of Document CN108516918A.

[0144] The detection data of the emulsion explosive in this comparative example are as follows:

[0145] Storage period / d <![CDATA[Detonation velocity / m·s -1 > Sympathetic detonation distance / cm Briskness / mm <![CDATA[Explosive density / kg·m -3 > The 1st day 4750 6 15.0 1.19 The 270th day 3527 3 11.8 1.30

[0146] The various properties of the emulsion explosive obtained in this comparative example decreased significantly compared with those in Example 1; on the 270th day of storage, the decrease in various properties was more significant than that in Example 1, indicating that the combined use of sensitizer, catalyst and perlite can more significantly improve the comprehensive performance and stability of emulsion explosive.

[0147] Comparative Example 5

[0148] This comparative example provides an emulsion explosive, which is different from Example 1 in that the emulsion explosive is made of 97% by weight of matrix, 2% by weight of composite sensitizer and 1% by weight of catalyst. The composite sensitizer is composed of sodium nitrite and perlite in a weight ratio of 50:50, and the catalyst is composed of accelerator and ammonium nitrate in a weight ratio of 50:100.

[0149] The detection data of the emulsion explosive in this example are as follows:

[0150] Storage period / d <![CDATA[Detonation velocity / m·s -1 > Sympathetic detonation distance / cm Briskness / mm <![CDATA[Explosive density / kg·m -3 > The 1st day 4704 7 16.3 1.03 The 270th day 3501 3 11.2 1.25

[0151] The various properties of the emulsion explosive obtained in this comparative example decreased significantly compared with those in Example 1 on the 1st day and the 270th day of storage, indicating that the composition of the emulsion explosive and the combined use of its sensitizer, catalyst and perlite can more significantly improve the comprehensive performance and stability of the emulsion explosive.

[0152] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Any other modifications or equivalent replacements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Prepare the sensitizer solution. Add the measured hot water into the sensitizer preparation tank, control the water temperature at 50°C - 70°C, then slowly add sodium nitrite and stir until it is completely dissolved without visible particles to obtain the sensitizer solution; Prepare the catalyst solution. Add hot water into the catalyst preparation tank, control the water temperature at 50°C - 70°C, start stirring, then slowly add ammonium nitrate and stir until there are no visible particles; keep stirring and slowly add the accelerator, continue stirring until it is completely dissolved to obtain the catalyst solution; Add the sensitizer solution and the catalyst solution into their respective storage tanks, and set a sensitizer pump and a catalyst pump for the corresponding storage tanks; Provide perlite and add perlite into the storage tank, and set a blanking control valve at the outlet of the storage tank; The sensitizer pump, the catalyst pump and the outlet are all connected to the sensitizer; When the substrate continuously enters the inlet of the sensitizer, turn on the sensitizer pump, the catalyst pump and the blanking control valve, and at the same time turn on the sensitizer. After the substrate covers the mixing blades of the premixer at the inlet of the sensitizer, adjust the valve of the sensitizer, control and maintain the covering height of the substrate, carry out the sensitization operation of the explosive, discharge the medicine, and obtain the finished emulsion explosive; Wherein: the weight ratio of sodium nitrite to water in the sensitizer solution is (85 - 95):(205 - 215), and the addition amount of the sensitizer solution is 1.7 L / h - 2.6 L / h per ton of explosive; the weight ratio of perlite to sodium nitrite is (30 - 35):(65 - 70); the weight ratio of the accelerator, ammonium nitrate and water in the catalyst solution is (28 - 32):(118 - 122):(145 - 155), the accelerator is at least one of acetic acid, oxalic acid and phosphoric acid, and the addition amount of the catalyst solution is 1.7 L / h - 3.5 L / h per ton of explosive.

2. The method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the preparation of the sensitizer solution is completed, measure the pH value and density of the sensitizer solution.

3. The method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pH value of the sensitizer solution is 8.5 - 9.5, and the density is 1.12 g / cm 3 ~1.14 g / cm 3 .

4. The method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the preparation of the catalyst solution is completed, measure the pH value and density of the catalyst solution.

5. The method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pH value of the catalyst solution: 3.5 - 4.0, density 1.14 g / cm 3 ~1.17 g / cm 3 .

6. The method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bulk density of the perlite is selected to be 45~65 kg / m 3 .

7. A method for producing emulsion explosive by a composite sensitization process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the sensitization operation is 50 - 55°C.

8. An emulsion explosive prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: It is made of 92 - 95% by weight of the substrate, 3 - 5% by weight of the composite sensitizer and 1 - 3% by weight of the catalyst. The composite sensitizer is composed of sodium nitrite and perlite in a weight ratio of (65 - 70):(30 - 35), and the catalyst is composed of the accelerator and ammonium nitrate in a weight ratio of (28 - 32):(118 - 122).