A method for manufacturing a wheel structure for an agricultural vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a wheel structure for an agricultural vehicle. The method comprises the following steps: placing a metal blank into a mold cavity by cold pressing; extruding the metal from the mold cavity under the action of a punch with a unit pressure of 20-30 MPa to obtain a rim and spokes with desired shape, size and mechanical properties; performing electrophoresis on the rim and spokes; and inspecting the quality of the electrophoretic layer by performing appearance analysis, thickness measurement, adhesion measurement, hardness and corrosion resistance tests on the electrophoretic layer; rotating the rim and spokes under the action of a bending moment by a rim and spoke inspection device; passing the first two layers of steel wire and fiber cord of a solid tire from the inside to the outside through a fixing groove on the rim to tightly integrate the solid tire and the rim, thereby preventing the solid tire from fitting loosely; and fixing the first two layers to prevent the solid tire from being damaged and causing the rim to be discarded; and spraying the outer shape of the wheel by high-temperature spraying.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wheel structure and technical manufacturing, and more specifically to a method for manufacturing an agricultural vehicle wheel structure. Background Art

[0002] At present, the manufacturing of vehicle wheel structure includes rim and spoke manufacturing, and spoke manufacturing. The wheel, as a rotating load-bearing part between the tire and the axle, is usually composed of two main components: the wheel rim and the spokes. The rim and the spokes can be integral, permanently connected or detachable.

[0003] When manufacturing the wheel structure of an agricultural vehicle, the hub is usually designed: first, the hub needs to be designed, including the size, shape and structure of the hub. The design of the hub must take into account factors such as the materials used, manufacturing process and cost. Then the hub frame is designed, which requires the manufacture of the hub frame, which is the main supporting structure of the hub. The hub frame is usually made of high-strength steel or aluminum. Finally, the tire is installed and the hub cover is processed. The hub cover is the outer shell covering the hub frame, usually made of high-strength steel or composite materials. The hub cover needs to be precisely installed on the hub frame and undergo necessary processing and treatment. Among them, the rim and spoke are the main parts of the wheel. According to the design drawings of the rim and spoke, the steel raw material is punched out of the rim and spoke of the required size through a rolling machine, and finally post-processed, such as deburring, polishing, painting, etc. The material is forged and stretched to obtain the spokes, where the spoke stretching is to heat the spoke material to a certain temperature and then put it into a stretching machine for stretching.

[0004] Since agricultural vehicles often travel on bumpy or muddy roads, problems such as rough workmanship and poor quality are prone to occur during the manufacturing process of agricultural vehicle wheels. The design and processing cannot comply with relevant standards and specifications, and there is a problem of low processing capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned technologies, the present invention discloses a method for manufacturing a wheel structure for an agricultural vehicle, wherein a cold metal blank is placed into a mold cavity by cold pressing, and the metal is squeezed out of the mold cavity under the action of a punch unit pressure of 20-30 MPa to obtain a rim and spokes of desired shape, size and mechanical properties, and the rim and spokes are subjected to electrophoresis, and the quality of the electrophoretic layer is inspected by analyzing the appearance of the rim and spokes, measuring the thickness of the electrophoretic layer, measuring the adhesion of the electrophoretic layer, and testing the hardness and corrosion resistance of the electrophoretic layer. The spoke detection device rotates the rim and spokes under the action of bending moment, and observes the visible cracks on the rim and spokes, the torque of the nut and the self-heating temperature during the rotation process to judge the quality of the rim and spokes. By passing the first two layers of steel wire and fiber cord from the inside to the outside of the solid tire through the fixed grooves on the rim, the solid tire and the rim are tightly combined into one to avoid loose fit of the solid tire, and the first two layers are fixed to avoid damage to the solid tire that will lead to the abandonment of the rim. The wheel shape is sprayed by high-temperature spraying, which can prevent rust, corrosion and beautify the appearance.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical effects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for manufacturing an agricultural vehicle wheel structure, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: cold pressing;

[0009] The rim and spokes are manufactured using cold forming. The cold forming process involves applying pressure to the surface of the rim and spoke workpieces using a rolling tool at room temperature, causing the surface metal of the rim and spoke workpieces to plastically flow and fill the original remaining concave troughs, thereby reducing the surface roughness of the rim and spoke workpieces. The cold forming process involves extruding the spokes using two opposing punches to ensure tolerance requirements. The cold forming process involves placing a cold metal blank into a mold cavity and extruding the metal from the mold cavity under a punch pressure of 20-30 MPa to obtain an extruded part with the desired shape, size, and mechanical properties.

[0010] Step 2: Quality inspection of rim and spoke;

[0011] The quality inspection of the rim and spokes is carried out by using a rim and spoke inspection device. The rim and spokes are rotated under the action of a bending moment, and the quality of the rim and spokes is judged by observing visible cracks on the rim and spokes, the torque of the nut, and the self-heating temperature during the rotation process.

[0012] Step 3: Electrophoresis and quality inspection of the rim and spokes;

[0013] Electrophoresis of rims and spokes involves pickling to remove rust and burrs, electrophoresis and drying to cure the rims and spokes. Quality inspection of electrophoresis of rims and spokes involves appearance analysis, electrophoresis layer thickness measurement, electrophoresis layer adhesion test, and electrophoresis layer hardness and corrosion resistance test.

[0014] Step 4: spraying;

[0015] The wheel's appearance is sprayed by high-temperature spraying, which can prevent rust, corrosion and beautify the appearance.

[0016] Step 5: Matching tires and rims;

[0017] Solid tires are manufactured using a center-fixed method. The first two layers of steel wire and fiber cord from the inside to the outside of the solid tire are passed through the fixed grooves on the rim to tightly integrate the solid tire and the rim. This prevents the solid tire from fitting loosely, and fixes the first two layers to prevent damage to the solid tire and the resulting waste of the rim.

[0018] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the cold forming can make the metal volume plastically transferred without destroying the metal, and parts of the required shape and size can be produced by cold extrusion. The cold forming allows parts of complex shapes to complete complex processing procedures under the reciprocating linear action of the press, and to produce parts of complex shapes. The cold forming extrude the metal material under the action of a unit extrusion force of 2000mPa, ironing the surface of the metal material so that the surface roughness value Ra of this part is between 0.63 and 1.25μm, and the metal material is extruded and deformed under the action of unequal compressive stress in three directions, so that the grain structure density of the metal material is greater than 75%, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the part.

[0019] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the rim and spokes are electrophoresed and dried to form a coating surface, which is not only beautiful but also has rust-proof, impact-proof and corrosion-resistant properties. The specific steps of electrophoresis are as follows:

[0020] Step (1), soaking the rim and the spoke in the pickling solution, after soaking for a period of time, turning on the motor to start the spiral turntable at the bottom of the pickling tank, and the pickling solution flows to wash the dead corners of the rim and the spoke, thereby ensuring the results and efficiency of the pickling;

[0021] Step (2), cleaning and removing the pickling solution remaining on the surface of the rim and spokes, and drying the remaining water stains on the surface of the rim and spokes after cleaning in an oven;

[0022] Step (3), immersing the rim and the spokes in an electrophoresis tank for electrophoresis;

[0023] Step (4), using deionized water to clean the residue on the surface of the rim and spoke after electrophoresis;

[0024] Step (5) allows the rim and the spoke to be placed in a drying drum, wherein heat-conducting drying plates are installed on the inner and outer rings of the rim and the spoke in the drying drum, and a heating fan is installed above the recessed parts and dead corners of the rim and the spoke, so that the rim and the spoke are heated and dried in all directions, thereby improving the drying efficiency and the curing effect of the electrophoretic paint.

[0025] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the quality inspection of the rim and spoke electrophoresis is to analyze the appearance of the rim and spoke after electrophoresis, measure the thickness of the electrophoretic layer, measure the adhesion of the electrophoretic layer, and test the hardness and corrosion resistance of the electrophoretic layer. The specific steps are as follows:

[0026] Step (1), appearance analysis, by observing and judging whether there are particles, roughness, bumps, pits, shrinkage holes, pinholes, scars, water drop marks, sag, bottom exposure and peeling on the surface of the electrophoretic layer of the rim and spokes. If no such phenomena are found, the wheel is judged to be qualified;

[0027] Step (2), measuring the thickness of the electrophoretic layer, using a magnetic thickness gauge to measure the thickness of the electrophoretic layer, and judging the electrophoretic layer as qualified when the thickness is 15 to 20 μm;

[0028] Step (3) measuring the adhesion of the electrophoretic layer by dividing the electrophoretic layer into 100 1 mm × 1 mm squares, attaching the adhesive strips to the grids and pulling them apart, and observing the area of ​​the electrophoretic layer that has fallen off. A test that has a falling off area of ​​5% or less is considered qualified.

[0029] Step (4), the hardness of the electrophoretic layer is measured by the plowing method. The front end of the 2H pencil lead is cut flush, and the lead is pushed out at a 45-degree angle to the surface of the electrophoretic layer. The surface is qualified if there is no scratch;

[0030] Step (5) is to test the corrosion resistance of the electrophoretic layer. A neutral test is performed within 48 hours to observe whether there are white, black and brown corrosion spots on the edge and outer surface of the electrophoretic layer. If no corrosion spots are detected, the layer is qualified.

[0031] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the rim and spoke quality detection device performs a rotation test by subjecting the rim and spoke to a rotational bending moment, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0032] Step (1), press-fitting the rim and the spokes;

[0033] Step (2), tightly combining the rim and the spoke with the connector of the rim and spoke quality detection device, using the bolts and nuts used when installing the wheel, simulating the state of the rim and the spoke being installed on an agricultural vehicle, applying 115% of the specified torque to tighten, and tightly fixing the rim and the spoke on the support surface of the rim and spoke quality detection device;

[0034] In step (3), the loading device of the rim and spoke quality detection device maintains a load of 30 kg, and the rim and spoke are uniformly rotated 5000 times under the action of the experimental bending moment, wherein the torsional section coefficient is:

[0035]

[0036] Where d is the inner diameter of the rim and spokes, D is the outer diameter of the rim and spokes, α is the ratio of inner and outer diameters, p is the symbol of the torsional section coefficient, W p is the torsional section coefficient;

[0037]

[0038] In the above formula, is the torsion angle, ρ max is the maximum strain, T is the rotation period, l is the torsion length, and G is the shear elastic modulus;

[0039]

[0040] In the above formula, M is the bending moment, F is the maximum rated load of the rim and spoke, R is the static load radius, S is the strengthening test coefficient, x is the offset between the rim and spoke, and μ is the friction coefficient between the wheel tire and the road;

[0041] Step (4), measuring the temperature of the rim and the spoke during the test. If the self-heating temperature generated by the test does not exceed 30% of the melting point of the rim and the spoke material, the rim and the spoke are of qualified quality. Observe the looseness of the nut and judge the torque. If the torque is higher than 60% of the initial torque, the rim and the spoke are of qualified quality.

[0042] Step (5): Observe the occurrence of visible cracks at any part of the rim and the spokes by a color penetration method. If no visible cracks are generated, the rim and the spokes are of qualified quality.

[0043] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the tire and the rim are matched by passing the first two layers of steel wire and cord from the inside to the outside of the solid tire through the fixed grooves on the rim, and wrapping the steel wire for more than one circle to form a steel ring, so that the steel ring presses the cord and is tightly clamped in the fixed grooves on the rim, so that the solid tire and the rim are tightly combined as one to avoid loose matching of the solid tire, and only fixing the first two layers to avoid the rim being discarded due to damage to the solid tire but inability to peel off the solid tire. The matching of the tire and the rim is achieved by folding back the pressed cord layer through the turn-up mechanism of the tire forming machine, and then the two layers of steel wire and cord fixed to the rim are intertwined with other cords and rubber layers through the extrusion mechanism of the tire forming machine to form a green tire with a rim, and the green tire with the rim is vulcanized to form a solid tire.

[0044] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the spraying adopts a high-temperature spraying method to atomize the molten spray material through a high-speed airflow, and spray it onto the surface of the cleaned rim and spokes to form a spray layer. After the spray alloy particles are accelerated by heat, the molten powder particles collide with the rim and spokes and interact with the rim and spokes to form a coating.

[0045] The beneficial positive effects of the present invention are:

[0046] Different from conventional technologies, the present invention discloses a method for manufacturing a wheel structure for an agricultural vehicle. The method comprises placing a cold metal blank into a mold cavity by cold pressing, and squeezing the metal out of the mold cavity under the action of a punch unit pressure of 20-30 MPa to obtain a rim and spokes of desired shape, size and mechanical properties. The rim and spokes are subjected to electrophoresis, and the quality of the electrophoretic layer is inspected by analyzing the appearance of the rim and spokes, measuring the thickness of the electrophoretic layer, measuring the adhesion of the electrophoretic layer, and testing the hardness and corrosion resistance of the electrophoretic layer. The detection device rotates the rim and spokes under the action of bending moment, and observes the visible cracks on the rim and spokes, the torque of the nut and the self-heating temperature during the rotation process to judge the quality of the rim and spokes. By passing the first two layers of steel wire and fiber cord from the inside to the outside of the solid tire through the fixed grooves on the rim, the solid tire and the rim are tightly combined into one to avoid loose fit of the solid tire, and the first two layers are fixed to avoid damage to the solid tire that will lead to the abandonment of the rim. The outer shape of the wheel is sprayed by high-temperature spraying, which can prevent rust, corrosion and beautify the appearance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive work, among which:

[0048] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cold pressing structure of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electrophoresis process of the rim and spokes in the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of a solid tire and a rim in the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wheel manufacturing process of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for manufacturing an agricultural vehicle wheel structure includes the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: cold pressing;

[0056] The rim and spokes are manufactured using cold forming. The cold forming process involves applying pressure to the surface of the rim and spoke workpieces using a rolling tool at room temperature, causing the surface metal of the rim and spoke workpieces to plastically flow and fill the original remaining concave troughs, thereby reducing the surface roughness of the rim and spoke workpieces. The cold forming process involves extruding the spokes using two opposing punches to ensure tolerance requirements. The cold forming process involves placing a cold metal blank into a mold cavity and extruding the metal from the mold cavity under a punch pressure of 20-30 MPa to obtain an extruded part with the desired shape, size, and mechanical properties.

[0057] Step 2: Quality inspection of rim and spoke;

[0058] The quality inspection of the rim and spokes is carried out by using a rim and spoke inspection device. The rim and spokes are rotated under the action of a bending moment, and the quality of the rim and spokes is judged by observing visible cracks on the rim and spokes, the torque of the nut, and the self-heating temperature during the rotation process.

[0059] Step 3: Electrophoresis and quality inspection of the rim and spokes;

[0060] Electrophoresis of rims and spokes involves pickling to remove rust and burrs, electrophoresis and drying to cure the rims and spokes. Quality inspection of electrophoresis of rims and spokes involves appearance analysis, electrophoresis layer thickness measurement, electrophoresis layer adhesion test, and electrophoresis layer hardness and corrosion resistance test.

[0061] Step 4: spraying;

[0062] The wheel's appearance is sprayed by high-temperature spraying, which can prevent rust, corrosion and beautify the appearance.

[0063] Step 5: Matching tires and rims;

[0064] Solid tires are manufactured using a center-fixed method. The first two layers of steel wire and fiber cord from the inside to the outside of the solid tire are passed through the fixed grooves on the rim to tightly integrate the solid tire and the rim. This prevents the solid tire from fitting loosely, and fixes the first two layers to prevent damage to the solid tire and the resulting waste of the rim.

[0065] In the present invention, cold forming can make the metal volume plastically transferred without destroying the metal, and parts of the required shape and size can be produced by cold extrusion. The cold forming allows parts of complex shapes to complete complex processing procedures under the reciprocating linear action of the press, and to produce parts of complex shapes. The cold forming extrude the metal material under the action of a unit extrusion force of 2000mPa, ironing the surface of the metal material so that the surface roughness value Ra of this part is between 0.63 and 1.25μm, and the metal material is extruded and deformed under the action of three-dimensional unequal compressive stress, so that the grain structure density of the metal material is greater than 75%, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the part.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, cold forming is a metal plastic forming method. It makes the metal volume plastically transferred without destroying the metal to produce parts of the required shape and size, avoiding the large amount of metal waste generated during cutting processing, greatly saving steel and non-ferrous metal raw materials, and reducing the manufacturing cost of parts. At the same time, cold forming parts are carried out on a press, which is easy to operate, easy to master, and has high productivity. Complex processing procedures are completed under the reciprocating linear motion of the press, and parts with complex shapes can be produced. If cutting processing is used for manufacturing, not only is the productivity low and the material consumption high, but the manufacturing method will also be very difficult. The cold forming process is to perform metal plastic deformation in a closed mold cavity. The resulting extruded parts have no flash, so there is no need for subsequent trimming processes, thereby shortening the production cycle and reducing equipment investment.

[0067] In the present invention, the rim and the spokes are electrophoresed and dried to form a coating surface, which is not only beautiful but also has rust-proof, impact-proof and corrosion-resistant properties. The specific steps of electrophoresis are as follows:

[0068] Step (1), soaking the rim and the spoke in the pickling solution, after soaking for a period of time, turning on the motor to start the spiral turntable at the bottom of the pickling tank, and the pickling solution flows to wash the dead corners of the rim and the spoke, thereby ensuring the results and efficiency of the pickling;

[0069] Step (2), cleaning and removing the pickling solution remaining on the surface of the rim and spokes, and drying the remaining water stains on the surface of the rim and spokes after cleaning in an oven;

[0070] Step (3), immersing the rim and the spokes in an electrophoresis tank for electrophoresis;

[0071] Step (4), using deionized water to clean the residue on the surface of the rim and spoke after electrophoresis;

[0072] Step (5) allows the rim and the spoke to be placed in a drying drum, wherein heat-conducting drying plates are installed on the inner and outer rings of the rim and the spoke in the drying drum, and a heating fan is installed above the recessed parts and dead corners of the rim and the spoke, so that the rim and the spoke are heated and dried in all directions, thereby improving the drying efficiency and the curing effect of the electrophoretic paint.

[0073] In the present invention, the quality inspection of the rim and spoke by electrophoresis is performed by analyzing the appearance of the rim and spoke after electrophoresis, measuring the thickness of the electrophoretic layer, measuring the adhesion of the electrophoretic layer, measuring the hardness of the electrophoretic layer, and testing the corrosion resistance of the electrophoretic layer. The specific steps are as follows:

[0074] Step (1), appearance analysis, by observing and judging whether there are particles, roughness, bumps, pits, shrinkage holes, pinholes, scars, water drop marks, sag, bottom exposure and peeling on the surface of the electrophoretic layer of the rim and spokes. If no such phenomena are found, the wheel is judged to be qualified;

[0075] Step (2), measuring the thickness of the electrophoretic layer, using a magnetic thickness gauge to measure the thickness of the electrophoretic layer, and judging the electrophoretic layer as qualified when the thickness is 15 to 20 μm;

[0076] Step (3) measuring the adhesion of the electrophoretic layer by dividing the electrophoretic layer into 100 1 mm × 1 mm squares, attaching the adhesive strips to the grids and pulling them apart, and observing the area of ​​the electrophoretic layer that has fallen off. A test that has a falling off area of ​​5% or less is considered qualified.

[0077] Step (4), the hardness of the electrophoretic layer is measured by the plowing method. The front end of the 2H pencil lead is cut flush, and the lead is pushed out at a 45-degree angle to the surface of the electrophoretic layer. The surface is qualified if there is no scratch;

[0078] Step (5) is to test the corrosion resistance of the electrophoretic layer. A neutral test is performed within 48 hours to observe whether there are white, black and brown corrosion spots on the edge and outer surface of the electrophoretic layer. If no corrosion spots are detected, the layer is qualified.

[0079] In a specific embodiment, water washing before electrophoresis can wash away the residual acid left by pickling, avoid flocculation of the resin in the paint liquid, and deteriorate the stability of the electrophoretic layer, clean residual foreign matter and residual electrolyte, etc., and avoid the appearance of pinholes, shrinkage holes and particles in the electrophoretic layer. The prevention and control methods for unqualified electrophoretic layer quality inspection are as follows: if there are water drop marks on the surface of the electrophoretic layer, it is because the water washing after the pickling treatment is not thorough, and water droplets drip from the hanger onto the electrophoretic layer after washing. After electrophoresis, the pre-drying time is too short, and the water washing quality needs to be strictly controlled, and the pre-drying process needs to be strengthened. Use a guide plate to prevent dripping water, and use compressed air or blower to blow dry the water droplets. If the thickness of the electrophoretic layer is too thin or it is due to improper pH value and bath liquid temperature, the pH value needs to be adjusted, and the bath liquid temperature needs to be increased when the electrophoretic layer is too thin, and the bath liquid temperature needs to be lowered when the electrophoretic layer is too thick.

[0080] In the present invention, the rim and spoke quality inspection device performs a rotation test by subjecting the rim and spoke to a rotational bending moment. The specific steps are as follows:

[0081] Step (1), press-fitting the rim and the spokes;

[0082] Step (2), tightly combining the rim and the spoke with the connector of the rim and spoke quality detection device, using the bolts and nuts used when installing the wheel, simulating the state of the rim and the spoke being installed on an agricultural vehicle, applying 115% of the specified torque to tighten, and tightly fixing the rim and the spoke on the support surface of the rim and spoke quality detection device;

[0083] In step (3), the loading device of the rim and spoke quality detection device maintains a load of 30 kg, and the rim and spoke are uniformly rotated 5000 times under the action of the experimental bending moment, wherein the torsional section coefficient is:

[0084]

[0085] Where d is the inner diameter of the rim and spokes, D is the outer diameter of the rim and spokes, α is the ratio of inner and outer diameters, p is the symbol of the torsional section coefficient, W p is the torsional section coefficient;

[0086]

[0087] In the above formula, is the torsion angle, ρ max is the maximum strain, T is the rotation period, l is the torsion length, and G is the shear elastic modulus;

[0088]

[0089] In the above formula, M is the bending moment, F is the maximum rated load of the rim and spoke, R is the static load radius, S is the strengthening test coefficient, x is the offset between the rim and spoke, and μ is the friction coefficient between the wheel tire and the road;

[0090] Step (4), measuring the temperature of the rim and the spoke during the test. If the self-heating temperature generated by the test does not exceed 30% of the melting point of the rim and the spoke material, the rim and the spoke are of qualified quality. Observe the looseness of the nut and judge the torque. If the torque is higher than 60% of the initial torque, the rim and the spoke are of qualified quality.

[0091] Step (5): Observe the occurrence of visible cracks at any part of the rim and the spokes by a color penetration method. If no visible cracks are generated, the rim and the spokes are of qualified quality.

[0092] Table 1 Torque ratio in rim and spoke quality test

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] As shown in the table above, in the rim and spoke quality inspection experiment, the rim and spoke rotate 5000 revolutions under the action of bending moment, and the initial torque is 120N / m. During the experiment, the torque will decrease to varying degrees. The torque ratio is the ratio of the end torque to the initial torque. A torque ratio greater than 0.6 is considered qualified. Therefore, the pass rate of rims and spokes in the rim and spoke quality inspection experiment is 88.89%.

[0096] During the rim and spoke quality inspection test, the torque of the nut and the status of the bolt should be monitored at all times. If the bolt is broken, replace the bolt and continue the test. During the test, the rim and spoke will self-heat due to high-speed rotation, which will affect the test results of the rim and spoke strength. The experiment should be carried out at room temperature, and the test frequency should be reduced, and the self-heating temperature of the rim and spoke should be monitored in real time.

[0097] In the present invention, the tire and the rim are matched by passing the first two layers of steel wire and cord from the inside to the outside of the solid tire through the fixed grooves on the rim, and winding the steel wire for more than one circle to form a steel ring, so that the steel ring presses the cord and is tightly clamped in the fixed grooves on the rim, so that the solid tire and the rim are tightly combined as one to avoid loose matching of the solid tire, and only fixing the first two layers to avoid the waste of the rim due to damage to the solid tire but inability to peel off the solid tire. The matching of the tire and the rim is achieved by folding back the pressed cord layer through the turn-up mechanism of the tire forming machine, and then the two layers of steel wire and cord fixed to the rim are intertwined with other cords and rubber layers through the extrusion mechanism of the tire forming machine to form a green tire with a rim, and the green tire with the rim is vulcanized to form a solid tire.

[0098] In a specific embodiment, several rubber layers for making a solid tire carcass are prepared and placed on a working position of a tire building machine; the several rubber layers include several cord fabric layers, a rim with a fixed groove is placed and fixed on a driving sleeve of the tire building machine, and the several rubber layers are wound around the rim in sequence. During this process, only the several cord fabric layers included in the several rubber layers wound around the rim need to be wound, and then the steel wire can be wound around the rubber layer and embedded in the fixed groove of the rim. The steel wire is wound for more than one circle to form a steel ring, and then the rubber layer is continued to be wound; wherein the cord wire should be arranged obliquely relative to the wheel axis in one circle so that the cord fabric has a certain elasticity, and arranged in a wavy or spiral shape in one circle so that the cord fabric has a certain stretchability.

[0099] In the present invention, the spraying adopts the high-temperature spraying method to atomize the molten spray material through a high-speed airflow, and spray it onto the surface of the cleaned rim and spoke to form a spray layer. After the spray alloy particles are accelerated by heat, the molten powder particles collide with the rim and spoke and interact with the rim and spoke to form a coating. The coating has the functions of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and wear resistance.

[0100] In a specific embodiment, during a high-temperature spraying process, a fine and dispersed metallic or non-metallic coating material is deposited in a molten or semi-molten state onto a prepared substrate surface, forming a sprayed deposit. The coating material can be in the form of a powder, ribbon, filament, or rod. A high-temperature spray gun uses fuel gas, an electric arc, or a plasma arc to provide the necessary heat, heating the thermal spray material to a plastic or molten state. The material is then accelerated by compressed air, causing a constrained beam of particles to impact the substrate surface. The particles impacting the surface are deformed by the impact, forming laminated flakes that adhere to the prepared substrate surface, then cool and continue to accumulate, ultimately forming a layered coating that is resistant to high-temperature corrosion and wear.

[0101] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these specific embodiments are merely illustrative, and that those skilled in the art may omit, substitute, and modify the details of the methods and systems described above without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. For example, combining the above method steps to perform substantially the same functions in substantially the same manner to achieve substantially the same results falls within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention is limited solely by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing an agricultural vehicle wheel structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: cold pressing; The rim and spokes are manufactured using cold forming. The cold forming process involves applying pressure to the surface of the rim and spoke workpieces using a rolling tool at room temperature, causing the surface metal of the rim and spoke workpieces to plastically flow and fill the original remaining concave troughs, thereby reducing the surface roughness of the rim and spoke workpieces. The cold forming process involves extruding the spokes using two opposing punches to ensure tolerance requirements. The cold forming process involves placing a cold metal blank into a mold cavity and extruding the metal from the mold cavity under a punch pressure of 20-30 MPa to obtain an extruded part with the desired shape, size, and mechanical properties. Step 2: Quality inspection of rim and spoke; The quality inspection of the rim and spokes is carried out by using a rim and spoke inspection device. The rim and spokes are rotated under the action of a bending moment, and the quality of the rim and spokes is judged by observing visible cracks on the rim and spokes, the torque of the nut, and the self-heating temperature during the rotation process. Step 3: Electrophoresis and quality inspection of the rim and spokes; Electrophoresis of rims and spokes involves pickling to remove rust and burrs, electrophoresis and drying to cure the rims and spokes. Quality inspection of electrophoresis of rims and spokes involves appearance analysis, electrophoresis layer thickness measurement, electrophoresis layer adhesion test, and electrophoresis layer hardness and corrosion resistance test. Step 4: spraying; The wheel's appearance is sprayed by high-temperature spraying, which can prevent rust, corrosion and beautify the appearance. Step 5: Matching tires and rims; Solid tires are manufactured using a center-fixed method. The first two layers of steel wire and fiber cord from the inside to the outside of the solid tire are passed through the fixed grooves on the rim to tightly integrate the solid tire and the rim. This prevents the solid tire from fitting loosely, and fixes the first two layers to prevent damage to the solid tire and the resulting waste of the rim.

2. The method for manufacturing an agricultural vehicle wheel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold forming process can plastically transfer the volume of the metal without damaging it, and parts of the desired shape and size can be produced through cold extrusion. The cold forming process allows parts of complex shapes to complete complex processing steps under the reciprocating linear motion of the press, and to produce parts of complex shapes. The cold forming process extrude the metal material under the action of a unit extrusion force of 20-30mPa, ironing the surface of the metal material so that the surface roughness value Ra of the part is between 0.63 and 1.25μm, and the metal material is extruded and deformed under the action of three-dimensional unequal compressive stress, so that the grain structure density of the metal material is greater than 75%, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the part.

3. The method for manufacturing a wheel structure for an agricultural vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrophoresis of the rim and the spokes is performed by electrophoresis and drying and curing the rim and the spokes to form a coating surface, which is not only beautiful but also has rust-proof, impact-proof and corrosion-resistant properties. The specific steps of electrophoresis are as follows: Step (1), soaking the rim and the spoke in the pickling solution, after soaking for a period of time, turning on the motor to start the spiral turntable at the bottom of the pickling tank, and the pickling solution flows to wash the dead corners of the rim and the spoke, thereby ensuring the results and efficiency of the pickling; Step (2), cleaning and removing the pickling solution remaining on the surface of the rim and spokes, and drying the remaining water stains on the surface of the rim and spokes after cleaning in an oven; Step (3), immersing the rim and the spokes in an electrophoresis tank for electrophoresis; Step (4), using deionized water to clean the residue on the surface of the rim and spoke after electrophoresis; Step (5) allows the rim and the spoke to be placed in a drying drum, wherein heat-conducting drying plates are installed on the inner and outer rings of the rim and the spoke in the drying drum, and a heating fan is installed above the recessed parts and dead corners of the rim and the spoke, so that the rim and the spoke are heated and dried in all directions, thereby improving the drying efficiency and the curing effect of the electrophoretic paint.

4. The method for manufacturing a wheel structure for an agricultural vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quality inspection of the rim and spoke electrophoresis is carried out by analyzing the appearance of the rim and spoke after electrophoresis, measuring the thickness of the electrophoretic layer, measuring the adhesion of the electrophoretic layer, and testing the hardness and corrosion resistance of the electrophoretic layer. The specific steps are as follows: Step (1), appearance analysis, by observing and judging whether there are particles, roughness, bumps, pits, shrinkage holes, pinholes, scars, water drop marks, sag, bottom exposure and peeling on the surface of the electrophoretic layer of the rim and spokes. If no such phenomena are found, the wheel is judged to be qualified; Step (2), measuring the thickness of the electrophoretic layer, using a magnetic thickness gauge to measure the thickness of the electrophoretic layer, and judging the electrophoretic layer as qualified when the thickness is 15 to 20 μm; Step (3), measuring the adhesion of the electrophoretic layer, by dividing the electrophoretic layer into 100 1 mm × 1 mm squares, sticking the adhesive strip on them and pulling them apart, and observing the area of ​​the electrophoretic layer that has fallen off. The test is qualified if the area of ​​the electrophoretic layer that has fallen off is less than or equal to 5%; Step (4), the hardness of the electrophoretic layer is measured by the plowing method. The front end of the 2H pencil lead is cut flush, and the lead is pushed out at a 45-degree angle to the surface of the electrophoretic layer. The surface is qualified if there is no scratch; Step (5) is to test the corrosion resistance of the electrophoretic layer. A neutral test is performed within 48 hours to observe whether there are white, black and brown corrosion spots on the edge and outer surface of the electrophoretic layer. If no corrosion spots are detected, the layer is qualified.

5. The method for manufacturing a wheel structure for an agricultural vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rim and spoke quality inspection device performs a rotation test by subjecting the rim and spoke to a rotational bending moment, and the specific steps are as follows: Step (1), press-fitting the rim and the spokes; Step (2), tightly combining the rim and the spoke with the connector of the rim and spoke quality detection device, using the bolts and nuts used when installing the wheel, simulating the state of the rim and the spoke being installed on the agricultural vehicle, applying 115% of the specified torque to tighten, and tightly fixing the rim and the spoke on the support surface of the rim and spoke quality detection device; In step (3), the loading device of the rim and spoke quality detection device maintains a load of 30 kg, and the rim and spoke are uniformly rotated 5000 times under the action of the experimental bending moment, wherein the torsional section coefficient is: Where d is the inner diameter of the rim and spokes, D is the outer diameter of the rim and spokes, α is the ratio of inner and outer diameters, p is the symbol of the torsional section coefficient, W p is the torsional section coefficient; In the above formula, is the torsion angle, ρ max is the maximum strain, T is the rotation period, l is the torsion length, and G is the shear elastic modulus; In the above formula, M is the bending moment, F is the maximum rated load of the rim and spoke, R is the static load radius, S is the strengthening test coefficient, x is the offset between the rim and spoke, and μ is the friction coefficient between the wheel tire and the road; Step (4), measuring the temperature of the rim and the spoke during the test. If the self-heating temperature generated by the test does not exceed 30% of the melting point of the rim and the spoke material, the rim and the spoke are of qualified quality. Observe the looseness of the nut and judge the torque. If the torque is higher than 60% of the initial torque, the rim and the spoke are of qualified quality. Step (5): Observe the occurrence of visible cracks at any part of the rim and the spokes by a color penetration method. If no visible cracks are generated, the rim and the spokes are of qualified quality.

6. The method for manufacturing a wheel structure for an agricultural vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tire and the rim are matched by passing the first two layers of steel wire and cord from the inside to the outside of the solid tire through the fixed grooves on the rim, and winding the steel wire for more than one circle to form a steel ring, so that the steel ring presses the cord and is tightly clamped in the fixed grooves on the rim, so that the solid tire and the rim are tightly combined as one to avoid loose matching of the solid tire, and only fixing the first two layers to avoid the rim being discarded due to damage to the solid tire but inability to peel off the solid tire. The matching of the tire and the rim is achieved by folding back the pressed cord layer through the turn-up mechanism of the tire forming machine, and then the two layers of steel wire and cord fixed to the rim are intertwined with other cords and rubber layers through the extrusion mechanism of the tire forming machine to form a green tire with a rim, and the green tire with the rim is vulcanized to form a solid tire.

7. The method for manufacturing a wheel structure for an agricultural vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying adopts a high-temperature spraying method to atomize the molten spray material through a high-speed airflow, and spray it onto the surface of the cleaned rim and spokes to form a spray layer. After the spray alloy particles are accelerated by heat, the molten powder particles collide with the rim and spokes and interact with the rim and spokes to form a coating.

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