Variable frequency ultrasonic and bidirectional hydraulic hybrid cavitation integrated constant temperature reactor

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of ultrasonic reactor, and particularly relates to a variable frequency ultrasonic and bidirectional hydraulic hybrid cavitation integrated constant temperature reactor, which comprises a reactor tank and a centrifugal pump, the reactor tank is installed at the port position of the suction end or the extrusion end of the centrifugal pump, the reactor tank is provided with a heat exchange coil and an ultrasonic wave conducting rod, the ultrasonic wave conducting rod penetrates through the reactor tank, is coupled with a connecting pipe and a sleeve to form an annular gap, and constitutes an ultrasonic wave cavitation and hydraulic cavitation hybrid structure, the ultrasonic wave conducting rod is arranged in the hydraulic cavitation structure, so that the ultrasonic wave cavitation and the hydraulic cavitation occur simultaneously and in situ, that is, the ultrasonic wave cavitation and the hydraulic cavitation directly interact, the generation of cavitation microbubbles is strengthened, the number of cavitation microbubbles is increased, the burst strength of bubbles is strengthened, the whole process from the generation to the burst of cavitation microbubbles is strengthened, the cavitation physical and chemical effects are enhanced, and the present application is used for nanometer material preparation, organic synthesis and new pollutant degradation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ultrasonic reactors, in particular to a variable frequency ultrasonic and bidirectional hydraulic hybrid cavitation integrated constant temperature reactor. BACKGROUND

[0002] Nanomaterial preparation, organic synthesis and new pollutant degradation processes all require strong mixing to achieve good mass and heat transfer. For example, the traditional preparation method for nanomaterials is mainly liquid phase chemical method, such as hydrothermal method, coprecipitation method, emulsion method and sol / gel method. However, high-end nanomaterials require precise control of the particle size and morphology of nanomaterials, such as nanometer preparation particles for drug delivery, which require an average particle size of 20-150 nm and a polydispersity coefficient of less than 0.1. To accurately control the size and morphology of nanomaterials, the raw materials need to be mixed quickly during the nucleation process, and the reactor needs to provide uniform temperature, concentration and residence time conditions during the growth process. However, these harsh preparation conditions are difficult to achieve in traditional reactors, resulting in uneven and difficult-to-control size and morphology of the prepared nanomaterials, and poor product quality.

[0003] The current Chinese patent application CN112717903A discloses a kind of coupling water force ultrasonic cavitation and oxidation activated carbon cleaning regeneration process and device, the device includes stator, rotor, shaft, oxidant injection device and waste activated carbon tank;Stator is hollow sealed cylinder, the two sides of stator are provided with water inlet pipe and liquid discharge pipe respectively, and oxidant injection device is connected on the same side of water inlet pipe;Ultrasonic transducer is distributed on the inner wall of stator;Shaft is installed in stator, and one end is connected with power device, and rotor is installed on the shaft in stator, and blade is distributed on the rotor along the circumference, and venturi hole is distributed on the blade;Waste activated carbon tank is connected on water inlet pipe.According to the above patent, the invention has good effect, large processing capacity, can be operated continuously, low cost, does not produce secondary pollution, and has broad application prospect in the field of activated carbon cleaning regeneration.However, the ultrasonic transducer proposed in this patent is installed on the hollow cylinder shell as the stator, and the water force cavitation is generated through the venturi hole distributed on the blade installed in the hollow cylinder.The superposition of ultrasonic cavitation and water force cavitation in this device is limited to the inner surface of the cylinder, and there is no ultrasonic and water force cavitation interaction in most of the range inside the cylinder.At the same time, Chinese patent application CN112723519A discloses a kind of coupling water force ultrasonic cavitation and advanced oxidation degradation device of sulfide wastewater, Chinese patent application CN112717789A discloses a kind of coupling water force cavitation and ultrasonic cavitation nanometer lubricant dispersion device, Chinese patent application CN112719283A discloses a kind of coupling water force cavitation, ultrasonic cavitation and ultraviolet light silver nanoparticle preparation device, Chinese patent application CN111807459A discloses a kind of coupling water force, ultrasonic cavitation and oxidation process antibiotic wastewater degradation device, the above device is same or similar to the device disclosed in Chinese patent application CN112717903A.

[0004] Chinese patent application CN111807459A discloses a kind of ultrasonic coupling water force cavitation tubular sewage treatment device, including by shell, left support, rectifier rod, right support, right ultrasonic transducer, water outlet pipe, water inlet pipe, left ultrasonic transducer connection structure;The center line of rectifier rod coincides with the center line of shell, and the rectifier rod and the inner wall of shell form a venturi tube around the rectifier rod.According to the above patent, the invention has simple structure, easy to process, and is more suitable as working in high pressure working condition, used for sewage purification treatment venturi tube;Installation is convenient, and sewage treatment efficiency is high.However, the left and right ultrasonic transducers of this device are located at both ends of the shell, and the superposition of ultrasonic cavitation and water force cavitation is limited to both ends of the shell, and there is no ultrasonic and water force cavitation interaction in most of the range inside the shell.

[0005] Chinese patent CN102059070B discloses a water power / ultrasonic coupling cavitation device, comprising a water power cavitation mechanism and an ultrasonic mechanism, the water power cavitation mechanism is externally installed with the ultrasonic mechanism; the ultrasonic mechanism comprises an ultrasonic transducer, a connecting flange, a variable amplitude rod and a functional clamp, the ultrasonic transducer variable amplitude and the water power cavitation mechanism are clamped together by the functional clamp; the water power cavitation mechanism is one of a Venturi tube, a hole plate and a liquid whistle or a combination thereof. According to the above patent, the ultrasonic cavitation effect generated by the ultrasonic auxiliary device is superimposed with the water power cavitation effect generated by the traditional water power cavitation device, the generated water power cavitation effect is coupled with the superimposed effect generated by the ultrasonic wave focused and irradiated by the functional clamp outside the pipe, the generation of gas core is increased, and the cavitation intensity is greatly increased. However, the water power cavitation mechanism and the ultrasonic mechanism proposed by the patent are radially superimposed, the combination is not close, and the bubbles generated by the water power cavitation are not completely in the ultrasonic field.

[0006] In summary, in order to significantly improve the synergistic effect of ultrasonic cavitation and water power cavitation, improve energy efficiency, at present, a reactor is needed which fully integrates the water power cavitation structure and the ultrasonic structure, so that ultrasonic cavitation and water power cavitation occur simultaneously and simultaneously, and hybrid cavitation is generated in all space-time ranges. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, a variable frequency ultrasonic and bidirectional water power hybrid cavitation integrated constant temperature reactor is provided, the ultrasonic wave conducting rod is arranged in the water power cavitation structure, so that ultrasonic cavitation and water power cavitation occur simultaneously and simultaneously, that is, ultrasonic cavitation and water power cavitation directly interact to form hybrid cavitation, strengthen the generation of cavitation microbubbles, increase the number of cavitation microbubbles while strengthening the bursting intensity of bubbles, realize the whole process strengthening of the generation and explosion of cavitation bubbles, and enhance the physical and chemical effects of cavitation. The device has wide application prospects in the fields of preparation of nanomaterials, organic synthesis, degradation of new pollutants and the like.

[0008] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present application provides a variable frequency ultrasonic and bidirectional water power hybrid cavitation integrated constant temperature reactor, which comprises a reactor tank body and a centrifugal pump, the reactor tank body is installed at the suction end or the extrusion end of the centrifugal pump, the suction end or the extrusion end of the centrifugal pump is connected with the bottom of the reactor tank body through a connecting pipe, the extrusion end or the suction end of the centrifugal pump is connected with the top of the reactor tank body through a communication pipe, a sleeve is arranged at the interface between the connecting pipe and the reactor tank body, the sleeve is tightly sleeved in the connecting pipe, a heat exchange coil and an ultrasonic wave conducting rod are arranged in the reactor tank body, the ultrasonic wave conducting rod passes through the reactor tank body and is coupled with the sleeve to form an annular gap, and a hybrid structure of ultrasonic cavitation and water power cavitation is formed.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the ultrasonic wave conducting rod is connected with the flange, and the other end of the ultrasonic wave conducting rod extends towards the inside of the connecting pipe, and the ultrasonic wave conducting rod is coaxial with the reactor tank.

[0010] Preferably, the heat exchange coil is arranged in a threaded ring around the inner wall of the reactor tank, the ultrasonic wave conducting rod is located at the center of the heat exchange coil, one end of the heat exchange coil has a heat exchange medium inlet extending outwards through the reactor cover, and the other end of the heat exchange coil has a heat exchange medium outlet extending outwards through the reactor cover.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the connecting pipe connected with the reactor tank is provided with a vacuum gauge for monitoring the performance of the ultrasonic wave cavitation and hydraulic cavitation hybrid structure.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the connecting pipe connected with the centrifugal pump is provided with a pressure gauge for monitoring the working condition of the centrifugal pump, and the end of the connecting pipe connected with the reactor tank is provided with a flow meter for monitoring the flow of the reaction solution.

[0013] Preferably, the ultrasonic wave conducting rod has a geometry of bamboo joint, rod or cone.

[0014] Preferably, the resonance frequency of the ultrasonic wave conducting rod is between 15 kHz and 1200 kHz.

[0015] Preferably, the geometry of the sleeve is a nozzle structure of conical or annular type.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art are:

[0017] 1. The present application forms an ultrasonic wave cavitation and hydraulic cavitation hybrid structure by arranging an ultrasonic wave conducting rod in the hydraulic cavitation structure, arranging a sleeve at the interface of the connecting pipe and the reactor tank, and coupling the ultrasonic wave conducting rod with the sleeve to form an annular gap. By adjusting the structure and size of the sleeve, the geometry and size of the annular gap are adjusted to form the ultrasonic wave cavitation and hydraulic cavitation hybrid structure, which can jointly strengthen the formation of cavitation microbubbles. The formed cavitation microbubbles are subjected to intense oscillation and explosion under the dual action of ultrasonic waves and hydraulic energy, and the ultrasonic waves and hydraulic energy are transmitted to the reaction system through the oscillation and explosion of a large number of cavitation microbubbles, thereby promoting mixing, mass transfer and heat transfer;

[0018] 2. Compared with the prior art, the cavitation is generated by a traditional single orifice plate, and the hydraulic cavitation and ultrasonic cavitation occur at different positions. The present application focuses on the combined action of the sleeve and the ultrasonic wave conducting rod to generate cavitation through the formed annular gap, so that the hydraulic cavitation and ultrasonic cavitation can occur at the same position.

[0019] 3、The present application is through the setting of the ultrasonic cavitation and hydrodynamic cavitation hybrid structure, so that the ultrasonic cavitation and hydrodynamic cavitation occur simultaneously, that is, the ultrasonic cavitation and hydrodynamic cavitation directly interact, strengthen the generation of cavitation microbubbles, increase the number of cavitation microbubbles, and strengthen the oscillation and explosion intensity of the bubbles, realize the whole process strengthening of the cavitation from generation to explosion, and enhance the cavitation physical and chemical effects;

[0020] 4、The present application is through the setting of the ultrasonic cavitation and hydrodynamic cavitation hybrid structure, so that the ultrasonic cavitation and hydrodynamic cavitation occur simultaneously, that is, the ultrasonic cavitation and hydrodynamic cavitation directly interact, strengthen the generation of cavitation microbubbles, increase the number of cavitation microbubbles, and strengthen the oscillation and explosion intensity of the bubbles, realize the whole process strengthening of the cavitation from generation to explosion, and enhance the cavitation physical and chemical effects;

[0021] 5、The present application is through the heat transfer effect of the heat exchange coil, so that the reaction liquid and the heat exchange medium can be effectively heat exchanged, the temperature control of the reaction liquid is realized, and the cavitation effect can be optimized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a perspective structural schematic view of the reactor tank body provided by the embodiment of the present application installed at the suction end of the centrifugal pump;

[0023] Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of the reactor tank body provided by the embodiment of the present application installed at the suction end of the centrifugal pump;

[0024] Figure 3 is a partial sectional view of the reactor tank body provided by the embodiment of the present application installed at the suction end of the centrifugal pump;

[0025] Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic view of A of Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of the ultrasonic wave conducting rod being in a bamboo joint shape provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 is a partial sectional view of the reactor tank body provided by the embodiment of the present application installed at the extrusion end of the centrifugal pump.

[0028] The figure mark is: 1-reaction tank body; 12-heat exchange coil; 1211-heat exchange medium inlet; 1212-heat exchange medium outlet; 2-centrifugal pump; 21-pressure gauge; 22-vacuum gauge; 23-flow meter; 3-communication pipe; 4-connection pipe; 41-joint; 42-sleeve; 5-ultrasonic wave conducting rod; X-ultrasonic cavitation and hydrodynamic cavitation hybrid structure; Y-reaction cover; Z-annular gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to further understand the features, technical means and specific purposes and functions of the present application, the present application will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Referring to Figures 1-4 As shown in the figure, the present application is a kind of variable frequency ultrasonic and bidirectional hydraulic hybrid cavitation integrated constant temperature reactor, which comprises a reactor tank body 1 and a centrifugal pump 2. The reactor tank body 1 is installed at the suction end port of the centrifugal pump 2. The suction end of the centrifugal pump 2 is connected with the bottom of the reactor tank body 1 through a connecting pipe 4. The extrusion end of the centrifugal pump 2 is connected with the top of the reactor tank body 1 through a communication pipe 3. A sleeve pipe 42 is arranged at the interface between the connecting pipe 4 and the reactor tank body 1. The sleeve pipe 42 is tightly sleeved in the connecting pipe 4. The reactor tank body 1 is provided with a heat exchange coil 12 and an ultrasonic wave conducting rod 5. The ultrasonic wave conducting rod 5 passes through the reactor tank body 1 and is coupled with the sleeve pipe 42 to form an annular gap Z, which constitutes an ultrasonic cavitation and hydraulic cavitation hybrid structure X. The reactor tank body 1 is provided with a flange for fixing the ultrasonic wave conducting rod 5. A joint 41 is connected between the connecting pipe 4 and the suction end of the centrifugal pump 2. The remaining structures can be connected by quick mounting or flange plate. The reactor tank body 1 can also be installed at the extrusion end of the centrifugal pump 2. The extrusion end of the centrifugal pump 2 is connected with the bottom of the reactor tank body 1 through the connecting pipe 4. The suction end of the centrifugal pump 2 is connected with the top of the reactor tank body 1 through the communication pipe 3, as shown in the figure. Figure 6

[0031] The geometric configuration of the sleeve pipe 42 can be a conical or annular nozzle structure. By selecting different sleeve pipes, the size of the annular gap Z can be adjusted. The geometric configuration of the ultrasonic wave conducting rod 5 can be bamboo joint, rod, cone, etc. The resonance frequency is between 15 kHz and 1200 kHz, as shown in the figure. The schematic diagram shows that the geometric configuration of the ultrasonic wave conducting rod 5 is bamboo joint. The length of the ultrasonic wave conducting rod 5 extending into the sleeve pipe 42 can be 0-50% of the length of the connecting pipe 4. Figure 5

[0032] The reaction liquid enters the communication pipe 3 under the action of the centrifugal pump 2, and then enters the reactor tank body 1 along the communication pipe 3. Then the reaction liquid passes through the ultrasonic wave conducting rod 5, the annular gap Z and the ultrasonic cavitation and hydraulic cavitation hybrid structure X from the reactor tank body 1. Finally, the reaction liquid is transported back to the reactor tank body 1 along the communication pipe 3 by the centrifugal pump 2.

[0033] When the reaction liquid passes through the ultrasonic cavitation and hydraulic cavitation hybrid structure X from the reactor tank body 1 under the action of the centrifugal pump 2, a large number of cavitation microbubbles are generated. The cavitation microbubbles are subjected to the combined action of ultrasonic wave and hydraulic pressure at the same time, and are violently shaken and burst in the ultrasonic wave and hydraulic cavitation hybrid structure X.

[0034] ​​One end of the ultrasonic wave conducting rod 5 is fixedly connected by a flange, and the other end extends towards the inside of the sleeve 42, and the ultrasonic wave conducting rod 5 is coaxial with the reactor tank 1.

[0035] The heat exchange coil 12 is arranged in a threaded ring around the inner wall of the reactor tank 1, and the ultrasonic wave conducting rod 5 is located in the heat exchange coil 12, and the heat exchange coil 12 is coaxial with the ultrasonic wave conducting rod 5, and one end of the heat exchange coil 12 has a heat exchange medium inlet 1211 extending outwards through the reactor cover Y, and the other end of the heat exchange coil 12 has a heat exchange medium outlet 1212 extending outwards through the reactor cover Y.

[0036] When the reaction liquid enters the reactor tank 1, it flows from the reactor tank 1 through the annular gap Z under the action of the centrifugal pump 2, passes through the ultrasonic cavitation and hydrodynamic cavitation hybrid structure X, cooperates with the ultrasonic wave synchronously, and is finally transported back to the reactor tank 1 by the centrifugal pump 2, and when the ultrasonic wave conducting rod 5 is working, the heat exchange medium inlet 1211 of the heat exchange coil 12 is used to pass the heat exchange medium, the heat exchange medium flows along the heat exchange coil 12, and the heat exchange medium outlet 1212 of the heat exchange coil 12 is used to flow out, and the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the reaction liquid in the reactor tank 1 through the heat exchange coil 12, and the temperature of the reaction system is adjusted through the heat exchange coil 12.

[0037] The end of the connecting pipe 3 connected with the centrifugal pump 2 is provided with a pressure gauge 21 for monitoring the pressure of the centrifugal pump 2, and the end of the connecting pipe 4 connected with the reactor tank 1 is provided with a vacuum gauge 22 for monitoring the performance of the ultrasonic cavitation and hydrodynamic cavitation hybrid structure X.

[0038] The end of the connecting pipe 3 connected with the reactor tank 1 is provided with a flow meter 23 for monitoring the water flow.

[0039] When the reaction liquid enters the reactor tank 1 along the connecting pipe 3, the reaction liquid passes through the flow meter 23 to monitor the flow of the reaction liquid.

[0040] When the reaction liquid passes through the ultrasonic cavitation and hydrodynamic cavitation hybrid structure X, a large number of cavitation microbubbles are generated simultaneously by ultrasonic cavitation and hydrodynamic cavitation, which are simultaneously subjected to the action of ultrasonic wave and water force in the reaction system, thereby strengthening the oscillation and explosion strength of the cavitation, and greatly enhancing the physical and chemical effects of cavitation.

[0041] Compared with the traditional ultrasonic reaction device, under the action of hydraulic cavitation, the number of cavitation microbubbles is greatly increased, so that the energy of ultrasonic waves can fully act on the fluid, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency and strengthening the mixing effect of fluid micro elements. Compared with the traditional hydraulic cavitation reactor, in addition to the cavitation and its explosion process generated by the static pressure difference, the hydraulic cavitation microbubbles will generate acoustic surface waves under the excitation of ultrasonic waves, which will cause the gas-liquid interface of the bubbles to oscillate violently, thereby promoting the mixing of the fluid around the bubbles. Meanwhile, the cavitation microbubbles have a stronger explosion effect under the action of ultrasonic waves.

[0042] The present application realizes the strengthening of the whole process from the generation to the explosion of the cavitation bubbles by the setting of the hybrid structure X of ultrasonic cavitation and hydraulic cavitation at the lower end of the reactor tank 1, thereby strengthening the generation of cavitation microbubbles and strengthening the oscillation and explosion intensity of the bubbles while increasing the number of cavitation microbubbles, and enhancing the physical and chemical effects of cavitation. The device has a wide application prospect in the fields of nanometer material preparation, organic synthesis, new pollutant degradation and the like.

[0043] The above examples only express one or several embodiments of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A variable frequency ultrasonic and bidirectional hydraulic hybrid cavitation integrated constant temperature reactor, characterized in that, The reactor includes a reactor tank (1) and a centrifugal pump (2). The reactor tank (1) is installed at the suction end or the extrusion end of the centrifugal pump (2). The suction end or the extrusion end of the centrifugal pump (2) is connected to the bottom of the reactor tank (1) by a connecting pipe (4). The extrusion end or the suction end of the centrifugal pump (2) is connected to the top of the reactor tank (1) by a connecting pipe (3). A sleeve (42) is provided at the interface between the connecting pipe (4) and the reactor tank (1). The sleeve (42) is tightly fitted in the connecting pipe (4). The reactor tank (1) is provided with a heat exchange coil (12) and an ultrasonic transmission rod (5). The ultrasonic transmission rod (5) passes through the reactor tank (1) and couples with the sleeve (42) to form an annular gap (Z), constituting a hybrid structure of ultrasonic cavitation and hydraulic cavitation (X).

2. The variable frequency ultrasonic and bidirectional hydraulic hybrid cavitation integrated constant temperature reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the ultrasonic transmission rod (5) is connected to the flange, and the other end of the ultrasonic transmission rod (5) extends toward the interior of the connecting pipe (4). The ultrasonic transmission rod (5) is coaxial with the reactor tank (1).

3. The variable frequency ultrasonic and bidirectional hydraulic hybrid cavitation integrated constant temperature reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange coil (12) is arranged in a threaded manner on the inner wall of the reactor tank (1). The ultrasonic transmission rod (5) is located at the center of the heat exchange coil (12). One end of the heat exchange coil (12) has a heat exchange medium inlet (1211) that extends outward through the reactor cover (Y), and the other end of the heat exchange coil (12) has a heat exchange medium outlet (1212) that extends outward through the reactor cover (Y).

4. The variable frequency ultrasonic and bidirectional hydraulic hybrid cavitation integrated constant temperature reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the connection between the connecting pipe (4) and the reactor tank (1) is provided with a vacuum gauge (22) for monitoring the performance of the hybrid structure (X) of ultrasonic cavitation and hydraulic cavitation.

5. The variable frequency ultrasonic and bidirectional hydraulic hybrid cavitation integrated constant temperature reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the connecting pipe (3) connected to the centrifugal pump (2) is provided with a pressure gauge (21) for monitoring the operating condition of the centrifugal pump (2), and the end of the connecting pipe (3) connected to the reactor tank (1) is provided with a flow meter (23) for monitoring the flow rate of the reaction liquid.

6. The variable frequency ultrasonic and bidirectional hydraulic hybrid cavitation integrated constant temperature reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic transmission rod (5) has a geometric configuration of bamboo joint, rod, or cone.

7. The variable frequency ultrasonic and bidirectional hydraulic hybrid cavitation integrated constant temperature reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The resonant frequency of the ultrasonic transmission rod (5) is between 15 kHz and 1200 kHz.

8. The variable frequency ultrasonic and bidirectional hydraulic hybrid cavitation integrated constant temperature reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeve (42) has a conical or annular nozzle structure.

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