A hydraulic support applicable to pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams

Abstract

The present application discloses a hydraulic support applicable to pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams, belonging to the field of coal mining support. The top mechanism and the bottom mechanism of the hydraulic support are arranged in parallel, and the projections of the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism on the working face are parallelograms, and the sum of the acute angle of the parallelogram and the pseudo-inclination angle during pseudo-inclined mining is 90°; the telescopic mechanism is arranged between the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism, and the two ends are respectively rotatably connected to the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism; one ends of the two sets of connection structures of the connection mechanism are hinged through a first hinge shaft, and the other ends are respectively hinged to the first sides of the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism through a second hinge shaft; one end of the telescopic structure is hinged to the connection structure hinged to the top mechanism, and the other end is hinged to the bottom mechanism, and the hinge center point is coplanar with the perpendicular bisector of the side where the first side of the parallelogram where the bottom mechanism is located is located. The present application can avoid problems such as the sliding of the tail of the support (swinging the tail), the pushing space, the gushing of gangue in the machine roadway, and easy damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of coal mining support, and particularly to a hydraulic support applicable to pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams. Background Art

[0002] At present, the pseudo-inclined mining method is adopted for steeply inclined coal seams. Compared with ordinary fully mechanized mining, to a certain extent, it reduces the inclination angle of the working face, reduces the threat of flying gangue on the working face to equipment and personnel, has great advantages for coal wall rib spalling and slowing down the sliding speed of coal flow, greatly reduces the mining difficulty of steeply inclined coal seams, and improves the mining efficiency of steeply inclined coal seams.

[0003] However, the layout of the pseudo-inclined mining working face and the migration law of surrounding rocks have changed greatly. When the existing hydraulic supports are applied to pseudo-inclined mining, problems such as the tail of the support sliding down (swinging the tail), pushing space, gangue intrusion in the machine roadway and easy damage are likely to occur, which in turn leads to low working face productivity and cannot meet the requirements of comprehensive mechanization and even intelligent unmanned mining of steeply inclined coal seams. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of this application solve the problems that the existing hydraulic supports applied to pseudo-inclined mining are prone to tail sliding of the support, pushing space, gangue intrusion in the machine roadway and easy damage by providing a hydraulic support applicable to pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention provide a hydraulic support applicable to pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams, including a top mechanism, a bottom mechanism, a telescopic mechanism and a connecting mechanism; the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism are arranged in parallel, and the projections of the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism on the working face are parallelograms, and the sum of the acute angle of the parallelogram and the pseudo-inclination angle during pseudo-inclined mining is 90°; the telescopic mechanism is arranged between the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism, and both ends are respectively rotationally connected to the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism; the connecting mechanism includes a telescopic structure and two sets of connecting structures; one ends of the two sets of connecting structures are hinged through a first hinge shaft, and the central axis of the first hinge shaft is located at the middle position between the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism, and the other ends are respectively hinged to the first sides of the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism through a second hinge shaft; one end of the telescopic structure is hinged to the connecting structure hinged to the top mechanism, and the other end is hinged to the bottom mechanism, and the hinge center point is coplanar with the perpendicular bisector of the side where the first side of the parallelogram where the bottom mechanism is located is located.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the connection structure includes a connecting plate and two sets of shielding components. Each shielding component includes a baffle and multiple sets of insertion components. The multiple sets of insertion components are arranged on one side of the baffle. The two sets of shielding components are arranged on the surface of the connecting plate. The two baffles are respectively arranged on both sides of the first hinge shaft, and the sides with the insertion components are adjacent. When the two sets of connection structures rotate relative to each other, the baffle can move along the central axis direction of the first hinge shaft, so that there is always no gap between the baffle and the connecting plate, and the widths of the connecting plate, the two baffles along the central axis direction of the hinge shaft are adapted to the width of the top mechanism.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the insertion component includes a socket and a plug. The plug is arc-shaped, the inner hole shape of the socket is adapted to the shape of the plug. The socket is arranged on the connecting plate, and one side of the plug is arranged on the side surface of the baffle and inserted into the socket.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the connection structure further includes two first side guard plates. The two first side guard plates are arranged on both sides of the hinge shaft, the surfaces are perpendicular to the surface of the baffle, and are respectively connected to the adjacent baffle.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the two sets of connection structures are symmetrically arranged with the central axis of the second hinge shaft as the axis of symmetry.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the top mechanism includes a top plate, second side guard plates and a first pushing and pulling structure. One second side guard plate is arranged on each side of the top plate in the axial direction of the second hinge shaft. Each second side guard plate is equipped with a first pushing and pulling structure, so that the second side guard plate can move on both sides of the top plate under the drive of the first pushing and pulling structure.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the top mechanism further includes a rib protection plate and a second pushing and pulling structure. The rib protection plate is arranged on the opposite side of the top mechanism where the first hinge shaft is provided. The second pushing and pulling structure is connected to the rib protection plate, so that the rib protection plate can move under the drive of the second pushing and pulling structure.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the included angle between the central axis of the telescopic structure and the bottom surface of the bottom mechanism is less than or equal to 90°.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the telescopic structure is a hydraulic cylinder.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the bottom mechanism includes a bottom plate, a third side guard plate, and a third push-pull structure; a third side guard plate is provided on each of the two sides of the bottom plate in the axial direction of the second hinge shaft; each third side guard plate is equipped with a third push-pull structure, so that the third side guard plate can move on both sides of the bottom plate under the drive of the third push-pull structure.

[0016] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0017] The embodiments of the present invention provide a hydraulic support applicable to pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams, including a top mechanism, a bottom mechanism, a telescopic mechanism, and a connection mechanism. The top mechanism and the bottom mechanism are arranged in parallel, and the projections of the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism on the working surface are parallelograms, and the sum of the acute angle of the parallelogram and the pseudo-inclination angle during pseudo-inclined mining is 90°. The telescopic mechanism is arranged between the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism, and the two ends are respectively rotatably connected to the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism. The connection mechanism includes a telescopic structure and two sets of connection structures. One ends of the two sets of connection structures are hinged through a first hinge shaft, and the central axis of the first hinge shaft is located at the middle position between the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism, and the other ends are respectively hinged to the first sides of the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism through a second hinge shaft. One end of the telescopic structure is hinged to the connection structure hinged to the top mechanism, and the other end is hinged to the bottom mechanism, and the hinge center point is coplanar with the perpendicular bisector of the side where the first side of the parallelogram where the bottom mechanism is located.

[0018] The hydraulic support applicable to the pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Since the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism are arranged in parallel, and the projections of the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism on the working face are parallelograms, and the sum of the acute angle of the parallelogram and the pseudo-inclination angle during pseudo-inclined mining is 90°, the hydraulic support can be fully applicable to the parallelogram space structure of the pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams. Thus, when multiple hydraulic supports are arranged in a straight line, they form a parallelogram, and there will be no large gaps at the front and rear between adjacent hydraulic supports. The hydraulic support is stably supported, avoiding problems such as the sliding of the tail of the support (swinging the tail), the pushing space, the caving of gangue in the roadway, and being vulnerable to damage. Furthermore, it will not lead to low productivity of the working face and can meet the requirements of fully mechanized and even intelligent unmanned mining of steeply inclined coal seams. Since the projections of the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism on the working face are parallelograms, one end of the two connecting structures of the connecting mechanism is hinged through a first hinge shaft, and the central axis of the first hinge shaft is located at the middle position between the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism. The hinge center point where the telescopic structure is hinged to the bottom mechanism is coplanar with the perpendicular bisector of the first side of the parallelogram where the bottom mechanism is located. At the same time, the setting of the telescopic structure in the connecting mechanism forms a flexible four-bar linkage with the bottom mechanism and the two connecting structures, changing the structure of the rigid four-bar linkage of the existing hydraulic support. It can ensure that when the projections of the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism on the working face are parallelograms, the top mechanism can move up and down relative to the bottom mechanism, and always remain parallel to each other during the movement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic support applicable to the pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the straight arrangement of two hydraulic supports applicable to the pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the top view of;

[0023] Figure 4 is Figure 2 the bottom view of;

[0024] Figure 5 is Figure 2 the right view of;

[0025] Figure 6 is Figure 2 the left view;

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the linear arrangement of two hydraulic supports provided in the embodiment of the present application and applicable to the pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a partial structure of the connection structure provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of a partial structure of the top mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 10 is a schematic structural view during the mining of a steeply inclined pseudo-inclined working face provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Icon: 10 - hydraulic support; 1 - top mechanism; 11 - roof; 12 - second side guard plate; 13 - rib protection plate; 14 - guide groove; 2 - bottom mechanism; 21 - floor; 22 - third side guard plate; 3 - telescopic mechanism; 4 - connection mechanism; 41 - telescopic structure; 42 - connection structure; 421 - connecting plate; 422 - shielding assembly; 4221 - baffle; 4222 - insertion member; 4222a - plug; 4222b - bolt; 423 - first side guard plate; 43 - first hinge shaft; 44 - second hinge shaft; 20 - existing hydraulic support; 30 - return airway; 40 - conveyor roadway; 50 - goaf; 60 - pseudo-inclined working face. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. The terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] The existing hydraulic support 20 is applied to pseudo-inclined mining. As Figure 10 shown, on the left side of the pseudo-inclined working face 60 is the coal wall, and on the right side is the goaf 50. The sectional return airway 30 is arranged on the upper side of the pseudo-inclined working face 60, and the sectional transport airway 40 is arranged at a certain distance ahead of the return airway 30 on the lower side. The direction of the arrow marked is the advancing direction of the working face. When multiple existing hydraulic supports 20 are arranged in a straight line, they are in a stepped shape, and there will be relatively large gaps at both the front and rear ends between adjacent existing hydraulic supports 20. As a result, problems such as the tail of the support slipping (swinging the tail), the pushing space, the gangue flowing into the roadway (gangue is likely to fall into the internal structure of the hydraulic support from the gap), and being easily damaged (the gangue falling into the internal structure of the hydraulic support from the gap will damage the internal structure) are likely to occur, which in turn leads to low productivity of the working face and cannot meet the requirements of fully mechanized or even intelligent unmanned mining of steeply inclined coal seams.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 - 9 shown, in which Figure 2 two hydraulic supports 10 are shown, which shows a schematic structural diagram of the top mechanism 1 of the hydraulic support 10 descending and ascending relative to the bottom mechanism 2. The embodiments of the present invention provide a hydraulic support 10 suitable for pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams, including a top mechanism 1, a bottom mechanism 2, a telescopic mechanism 3, and a connecting mechanism 4. The telescopic mechanism 3 includes at least one jack or hydraulic column. As Figure 1 shown, a schematic structural diagram of the telescopic mechanism 3 including two hydraulic columns is shown.

[0035] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the top mechanism 1 and the bottom mechanism 2 are arranged in parallel, and the projections of the top mechanism 1 and the bottom mechanism 2 on the working face are parallelograms. As Figure 1 、Figure 2 and Figure 10 As shown, the sum of the acute angle α of the parallelogram and the false dip angle γ during false dip mining is 90°. The false dip angle γ changes according to mining needs, and the acute angle α also changes accordingly. Thus, as Figure 10 shown, when multiple hydraulic supports 10 provided in embodiments of the present application are arranged in a straight line, they form a parallelogram, and there will be no large gaps between the front and rear ends of adjacent hydraulic supports 10. The projection of the top mechanism 1 on the working face is a parallelogram, which can completely fit and support the coal wall and roof 11 of the working face, avoid the exposure of the coal wall and roof 11, and effectively prevent roof caving in front of the support and rib spalling. The projection of the bottom mechanism 2 on the working face is a parallelogram that completely fits the coal wall of the working face, perfectly providing a working space for the scraper conveyor and the shearer.

[0036] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the telescopic mechanism 3 is arranged between the top mechanism 1 and the bottom mechanism 2, and both ends are respectively rotatably connected to the top mechanism 1 and the bottom mechanism 2. By way of example, both ends of the telescopic mechanism 3 are respectively hinged to the top mechanism 1 and the bottom mechanism 2 through a pin shaft or a socket. When both ends of the telescopic mechanism 3 are respectively hinged to the top mechanism 1 and the bottom mechanism 2 through a pin shaft, the axial direction of the pin shaft is perpendicular to side b or side d of the parallelogram. When the telescopic mechanism 3 includes more than two hydraulic columns, the connection line of the intersection points of the central axes of the more than two hydraulic columns and the bottom mechanism 2 is parallel to side a or side c of the parallelogram. When multiple hydraulic supports 10 are arranged in a straight line array in sequence along the false dip working face for support, all the hydraulic columns are arranged in a straight line, and this straight line is parallel to side a or side c of the parallelogram. This arrangement of the hydraulic columns can prevent the tail of the hydraulic support 10 from being easily lifted, make the load distribution of the top mechanism 1 uniform, and at the same time increase the stability of the hydraulic support 10. When multiple hydraulic supports 10 are arranged neatly in sequence, a passage can be formed, and this passage can be used for operators to walk and move.

[0037] Continuing to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the connecting mechanism 4 includes a telescopic structure 41 and two sets of connecting structures 42. As Figure 5 shown, one ends of the two sets of connecting structures 42 are hinged through a first hinge shaft 43, and the central axis of the first hinge shaft 43 is located at the middle position between the top mechanism 1 and the bottom mechanism 2. The other ends are respectively hinged to the first side (side a of the parallelogram) of the top mechanism 1 and the bottom mechanism 2 through a second hinge shaft 44. The two sets of connecting structures 42 are respectively inclined with respect to the top mechanism 1 and the bottom mechanism 2, and the two sets of connecting structures 42 form a continuous and complete plane, avoiding the impact of the gangue in the goaf 50 and the problem of the tail of the hydraulic support 10 sliding down. As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the central axis of the first hinge shaft 43 lies on the middle plane M where the distance from the top surface of the top mechanism 1 to the bottom surface of the bottom mechanism 2 is equal. When the top mechanism 1 moves up and down relative to the bottom mechanism 2, the central axis of the first hinge shaft 43 is always located on the middle plane M where the distance from the top surface of the top mechanism 1 to the bottom surface of the bottom mechanism 2 is equal.

[0038] One end of the telescopic structure 41 is hinged to the connection structure 42 hinged to the top mechanism 1, and the other end is hinged to the bottom mechanism 2. Moreover, the hinge center point is coplanar with the perpendicular bisector k of the side where the first side of the parallelogram where the bottom mechanism 2 is located, as Figure 4 shown. The side where the first side of the parallelogram where the bottom mechanism 2 is located is Figure 1 side a in, generally the short side of the parallelogram.

[0039] The hydraulic support 10 applicable to the pseudo-inclined mining of large dip angle coal seams provided by the embodiment of the present invention, because the top mechanism 1 and the bottom mechanism 2 are arranged in parallel, and the projections of the top mechanism 1 and the bottom mechanism 2 on the working face are parallelograms, and the sum of the acute angle α of the parallelogram and the pseudo-inclination angle γ during pseudo-inclined mining is 90°, so that the hydraulic support 10 can be fully applicable to the parallelogram space structure of the pseudo-inclined mining of large dip angle coal seams. Therefore, when multiple hydraulic supports 10 are arranged in a straight line, they are in the shape of a parallelogram, and there will be no large gaps between the front and rear ends of adjacent hydraulic supports 10. The hydraulic support 10 is stably supported, avoiding problems such as the tail of the support slipping (swinging the tail), the pushing space, the gangue gushing in the roadway, and being vulnerable to damage. Furthermore, it will not lead to low productivity of the working face and can meet the requirements of comprehensive mechanization and even intelligent unmanned mining of large dip angle coal seams. Because the projections of the top mechanism 1 and the bottom mechanism 2 on the working face are parallelograms, one end of the two groups of connection structures 42 of the connection mechanism 4 is hinged through the first hinge shaft 43, and the central axis of the first hinge shaft 43 is located at the middle position between the top mechanism 1 and the bottom mechanism 2. The hinge center point where the telescopic structure 41 is hinged to the bottom mechanism 2 is coplanar with the perpendicular bisector of the side where the first side of the parallelogram where the bottom mechanism 2 is located. At the same time, the setting of the telescopic structure 41 in the connection mechanism 4 forms a flexible four-bar linkage with the bottom mechanism 2 and the two groups of connection structures 42, changing the structure of the rigid four-bar linkage of the existing hydraulic support 20. It can ensure that when the projections of the top mechanism 1 and the bottom mechanism 2 on the working face are parallelograms, the top mechanism 1 can move up and down relative to the bottom mechanism 2, and always keep the two parallel while moving.

[0040] As Figures 3 - 5 、 Figure 7 shown, the connection structure 42 includes a connecting plate 421 and two groups of shielding components 422. The shielding components 422 include a baffle 4221 and multiple groups of insertion components 4222. Multiple groups of insertion components 4222 are arranged on one side of the baffle 4221. That is, as Figures 3 - 5As shown, the insertion part 4222 can be arranged on the upper surface of the baffle 4221 or on the lower surface of the baffle 4221.

[0041] Two sets of shielding components 422 are arranged on the surface of the connecting plate 421. Two baffles 4221 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first hinge shaft 43, and the sides where the insertion parts 4222 are arranged are adjacent. When the two sets of connecting structures 42 rotate relative to each other, the baffle 4221 can move along the central axis direction of the first hinge shaft 43, so that there is always no gap between the baffle 4221 and the connecting plate 421, and the widths of the connecting plate 421 and the two baffles 4221 along the central axis direction of the hinge shaft are adapted to the width of the top mechanism 1. As Figure 5 and Figure 8 shown, generally, the baffle 4221 and the connecting plate 421 are both arranged as irregular quadrilaterals.

[0042] In practice, since the projections of the top mechanism 1 and the bottom mechanism 2 on the working surface are set as parallelograms, if the connecting structure 42 is set as a whole plate, during the process of the telescopic mechanism 3 driving the top mechanism 1 to rise or fall relative to the bottom mechanism 2, the whole plate will exceed the width of the top mechanism 1 along the axial direction of the second hinge shaft 44. This is not convenient for the subsequent setting of the second side guard plate 12 on the top mechanism 1 and the first side guard plate 423 on the connecting mechanism 4, and the flexible movement of the top mechanism 1 will be limited. In the connecting structure 42 provided by the embodiment of the present application, since the connecting structure 42 includes a connecting plate 421 and two sets of shielding components 422, and the shielding component 422 includes a baffle 4221 and multiple sets of insertion parts 4222, during the process of the telescopic mechanism 3 driving the top mechanism 1 to rise or fall relative to the bottom mechanism 2, when the two sets of connecting structures 42 rotate relative to each other, the baffle 4221 can move along the central axis direction of the first hinge shaft 43, so that there is always no gap between the baffle 4221 and the connecting plate 421, and the widths of the connecting plate 421 and the two baffles 4221 along the central axis direction of the hinge shaft are adapted to the width of the top mechanism 1. The setting of multiple sets of insertion components can not only ensure that the baffle 4221 can move smoothly along the central axis direction of the first hinge shaft 43, but also ensure that the baffle 4221 does not fall off during the movement.

[0043] Furthermore, as Figures 3 - 5 and Figure 7As shown, the engaging member 4222 includes a latch 4222a and a bolt 4222b. The bolt 4222b is arc-shaped, and the shape of the inner hole of the latch 4222a is adapted to the shape of the bolt 4222b. The latch 4222a is disposed on the connecting plate 421, and one side of the bolt 4222b is disposed on the side surface of the baffle 4221 and inserted into the latch 4222a. The structure of the engaging member 4222 provided by the embodiment of the present application is simple and easy to implement, and can ensure that the baffle 4221 can move smoothly along the central axis direction of the first hinge shaft 43, and at the same time can ensure that the baffle 4221 does not fall off during the movement.

[0044] As Figure 7 shown, the connecting structure 42 further includes two first side guards 423. The first side guards 423 are generally arranged in a rectangular shape. The two first side guards 423 are disposed on both sides of the hinge shaft, the surfaces are perpendicular to the surface of the baffle 4221, and are respectively connected to the adjacent baffle 4221. Generally, the first side guard 423 is hinged to the adjacent baffle 4221, so that the first side guard 423 can be driven to move during the movement of the baffle 4221. Furthermore, when the baffle 4221 moves and the top mechanism 1 is provided with a second side guard 12, the first side guard 423 and the second side guard 12 can always remain parallel. The setting of the first side guard 423 can form an internal space with the connecting structure 42, so as to protect the structure in the internal space from being damaged.

[0045] As Figure 5 shown, the two sets of connecting structures 42 are symmetrically arranged with the central axis of the second hinge shaft 44 as the axis of symmetry, which is convenient for the assembly and manufacture of the connecting structure 42 and the entire hydraulic support 10.

[0046] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the top mechanism 1 includes a top plate 11, a second side guard 12 and a first push-pull structure. Generally, the top plate 11 is arranged in a parallelogram shape. A second side guard 12 is respectively disposed on both sides of the top plate 11 in the axial direction of the second hinge shaft 44. Each second side guard 12 is provided with a first push-pull structure so that the second side guard 12 can move on both sides of the top plate 11 under the drive of the first push-pull structure.

[0047] The first push-pull structure includes at least one set of guide grooves 14 and at least one set of push-pull components, and the number of the guide grooves 14 is the same as that of the push-pull components. The push-pull components can be jacks, hydraulic cylinders, etc. As Figure 9 shown, the schematic structural diagram of the first push-pull structure including two sets of guide grooves 14 is shown. The guiding direction of the guide groove 14 can be parallel to the a side or the c side of the parallelogram where the top mechanism 1 is located, or perpendicular to the b side or the d side of the parallelogram where the top mechanism 1 is located. The guiding direction of the guide groove 14 determines the pushing path of the second side guard 12.

[0048] The second side guard plate 12 of the top mechanism 1 can form an internal space with the top plate 11, so as to protect the structures in the internal space from damage. And a first push-pull structure arranged on each second side guard plate 12 can ensure that the second side guard plate 12 moves on both sides of the top plate 11 under the drive of the first push-pull structure. Thus, when multiple hydraulic supports 10 are arranged in a straight line, if there is a gap between two adjacent hydraulic supports 10, the second side guard plate 12 can move to reduce the gap between the two hydraulic supports 10, greatly improving the adaptability between two adjacent hydraulic supports 10 and being beneficial to the hydraulic support 10 to support the working face. As Figure 1 shown, the second side guard plate 12 includes sub-plates arranged perpendicular to each other. One sub-plate is arranged parallel to the top plate 11. During the movement of the second side guard plate 12, there is always no gap between this sub-plate and the top plate 11, so as to ensure that there is no gap in the top mechanism 1 and the gangue cannot fall into the internal space of the hydraulic mechanism.

[0049] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the top mechanism 1 further includes a rib guard plate 13 and a second push-pull structure. The rib guard plate 13 is rectangular. The rib guard plate 13 is arranged on the opposite side of the first hinge shaft 43 of the top mechanism 1. The second push-pull structure is connected to the rib guard plate 13 so that the rib guard plate 13 can move under the drive of the second push-pull structure. The arrangement of the rib guard plate 13 can form an internal space with the top plate 11 and the second side guard plate 12, so as to protect the structures in the internal space from damage. The second push-pull structure includes at least one group of guide rails and at least one group of push-pull components, and the number of guide rails and push-pull components is the same. The push-pull component can be a jack, a hydraulic cylinder, etc. As Figure 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of the second push-pull structure including two groups of guide rails. The guiding direction of the guide rail can be parallel to the b side or the d side of the parallelogram where the top mechanism 1 is located, or perpendicular to the a side or the c side of the parallelogram where the top mechanism 1 is located. The guiding direction of the guide rail determines the pushing path of the second side guard plate 12.

[0050] Optionally, the included angle between the central axis of the telescopic structure 41 and the bottom surface of the bottom mechanism 2 is less than or equal to 90°. When the telescopic mechanism 3 includes two jacks, the included angle between the central axis of each jack and the bottom surface of the bottom mechanism 2 is less than or equal to 90°, so that the telescopic mechanism 3 can drive the top mechanism 1 to move up or down relative to the bottom mechanism 2 more smoothly. Preferably, the included angle between the central axis of the telescopic structure 41 and the bottom surface of the bottom mechanism 2 is equal to 90°, which facilitates the setting and manufacturing of the telescopic structure 41. Moreover, when the telescopic mechanism 3 drives the top mechanism 1 to move up or down relative to the bottom mechanism 2, the connecting mechanism 4 will not swing relative to the bottom mechanism 2 (that is, as the hydraulic support 10 rises, the connecting mechanism 4 moves to the right side of the hydraulic support 10, and as the hydraulic support 10 descends, the connecting mechanism 4 moves to the left side of the hydraulic support 10, Figure 3 The upper-middle part of the hydraulic support 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the top mechanism 1 descends, and the lower part of the hydraulic support 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the top mechanism 1 ascends. It can be seen from the figure that as the top mechanism 1 of the hydraulic support 10 descends, the extension distances of the two groups of connecting mechanisms 4 to the gob side 50 increase, the insertion parts 4222 of the upper connecting structure 42 gradually open, and the insertion parts 4222 of the lower connecting structure 42 gradually close), so that the structure of the hydraulic support 10 is more stable. When the included angle between the central axis of the telescopic structure 41 and the bottom surface of the bottom mechanism 2 is less than 90°, generally the telescopic mechanism 3 faces the front end of the top mechanism 1.

[0051] Optionally, the telescopic structure 41 is a hydraulic cylinder. A hydraulic cylinder is a hydraulic actuator that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy and performs linear reciprocating motion (or swinging motion). The hydraulic cylinder has a simple structure and reliable operation. When using it to achieve reciprocating motion, a speed reduction device can be omitted, and there is no transmission gap, and the motion is stable.

[0052] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the bottom mechanism 2 includes a bottom plate 21, a third side guard plate 22 and a third pushing and pulling structure. A third side guard plate 22 is provided on each side of the bottom plate 21 in the axial direction of the second hinge shaft 44. Each third side guard plate 22 is equipped with a third pushing and pulling structure so that the third side guard plate 22 can move on both sides of the bottom plate 21 under the drive of the third pushing and pulling structure.

[0053] The third side guard plate 22 of the bottom mechanism 2 can form an internal space with the bottom plate 21, so as to protect the structures in the internal space from damage. And each third side guard plate 22 is equipped with a third pushing and pulling structure, which can ensure that the third side guard plate 22 moves on both sides of the bottom plate 21 under the drive of the third pushing and pulling structure. The movement path can be parallel to side a or side c of the parallelogram, or perpendicular to side b or side d.

[0054] When using the hydraulic support 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application for support, the supports are moved upward in sequence from the lower part of the pseudo-inclined working face 60. This is beneficial for preventing the hydraulic support 10 from slipping backward. Due to the particularity of the parallelogram, if there is a double-heading working face, the hydraulic support 10 of the embodiment of the present application needs to be manufactured symmetrically, which is also applicable to the double-heading working face.

[0055] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0056] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limiting the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic support applicable to the pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams, characterized in that, it includes a top mechanism, a bottom mechanism, a telescopic mechanism and a connecting mechanism; the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism are arranged in parallel, and the projections of the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism on the working face are parallelograms, and the sum of the acute angle of the parallelogram and the pseudo-inclination angle during pseudo-inclined mining is 90°; the telescopic mechanism is arranged between the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism, and the two ends are respectively rotatably connected to the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism; the connecting mechanism includes a telescopic structure and two sets of connecting structures; one ends of the two sets of connecting structures are hinged through a first hinge shaft, and the central axis of the first hinge shaft is located at the middle position between the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism, and the other ends are respectively hinged to the first sides of the top mechanism and the bottom mechanism through a second hinge shaft; the connecting structure includes a connecting plate and two sets of shielding components, and the shielding component includes a baffle and multiple sets of inserting components; multiple sets of the inserting components are arranged on one side of the baffle; two sets of the shielding components are arranged on the surface of the connecting plate, and the two baffles are respectively arranged on both sides of the first hinge shaft, and the sides provided with the inserting components are adjacent, so that when the two sets of connecting structures rotate relative to each other, the baffle can move along the central axis direction of the first hinge shaft, so that there is always no gap between the baffle and the connecting plate, and the widths of the connecting plate and the two baffles along the central axis direction of the hinge shaft are adapted to the width of the top mechanism; one end of the telescopic structure is hinged to the connecting structure hinged to the top mechanism, and the other end is hinged to the bottom mechanism, and the hinge center point is coplanar with the perpendicular bisector of the side where the first side of the parallelogram where the bottom mechanism is located is located.

2. The hydraulic support applicable to the pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that, the inserting component includes an inserting buckle and an inserting bolt; the inserting bolt is arc-shaped, the inner hole shape of the inserting buckle is adapted to the shape of the inserting bolt, the inserting buckle is arranged on the connecting plate, and one side of the inserting bolt is arranged on the side surface of the baffle and inserted into the inserting buckle.

3. The hydraulic support applicable to the pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams according to claim 2, characterized in that, the connecting structure further includes two first side guard plates; the two first side guard plates are arranged on both sides of the hinge shaft, the surfaces are perpendicular to the surface of the baffle, and are respectively connected to the adjacent baffles.

4. The hydraulic support applicable to the pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the two sets of connecting structures are symmetrically arranged with the central axis of the second hinge shaft as the axis of symmetry.

5. The hydraulic support applicable to the pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that, the top mechanism includes a roof plate, a second side guard plate and a first pushing and pulling structure; one second side guard plate is arranged on each side of the roof plate in the axial direction of the second hinge shaft; each second side guard plate is provided with one first pushing and pulling structure, so that the second side guard plate can move on both sides of the roof plate under the drive of the first pushing and pulling structure.

6. The hydraulic support applicable to the pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, the top mechanism further includes a rib protection plate and a second push-pull structure; the rib protection plate is arranged on the opposite side of the first hinge shaft of the top mechanism; the second push-pull structure is connected to the rib protection plate so that the rib protection plate can move under the drive of the second push-pull structure.

7. The hydraulic support applicable to the pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that, the included angle between the central axis of the telescopic structure and the bottom surface of the bottom mechanism is less than or equal to 90°.

8. The hydraulic support applicable to the pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that, the telescopic structure is a hydraulic cylinder.

9. The hydraulic support applicable to the pseudo-inclined mining of steeply inclined coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that, the bottom mechanism includes a bottom plate, a third side guard plate and a third push-pull structure; one third side guard plate is arranged on each of the two sides of the bottom plate in the axial direction of the second hinge shaft; each third side guard plate is provided with one third push-pull structure so that the third side guard plate can move on both sides of the bottom plate under the drive of the third push-pull structure.

Images