A method for finding defects in substation secondary system circuits based on AR technology

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for locating defects in substation secondary system circuits based on AR technology. The method includes constructing a plug-in-level 3D visualization model of the entire substation secondary system circuit; mapping the relationship between the 3D visualization model and the standardized model based on a standardized model file generated from the full-domain digital modeling of the substation secondary system circuits; performing full-domain perception of the substation secondary system circuits based on a digital twin service platform to acquire all element data of the secondary system circuits; and performing real-time 3D location of defects in the substation secondary system circuits using the mapped relationship. An AR-based operation and maintenance assistance system synchronizes the real-time 3D location information of the substation secondary system circuit defects and uses an AR terminal APP to overlay the 3D guidance path of the secondary system circuit defects with the actual site conditions, assisting in on-site defect location. This improves the speed and accuracy of substation secondary system circuit defect location.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of substation secondary system maintenance technology, and relates to a method for finding circuit defects in substation secondary systems based on AR technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the expansion of power grid scale and the improvement of intelligence, the types and quantities of secondary equipment in substations are also increasing exponentially, placing higher demands on the quality and efficiency of secondary operation and maintenance. While the number of power grid accidents caused by incorrect protection actions due to problems with the secondary equipment itself has decreased significantly with the increasing maturity and standardization of relay protection equipment, incidents of equipment damage, accident escalation, and even impact on system safety and stability due to defects in electrical secondary circuits still occur frequently, and their proportion is gradually rising. Currently, the static graphical-based secondary system circuit design and the manual-based decentralized operation and maintenance model are insufficient to further improve the quality and efficiency of operation and maintenance to address the maintenance needs arising from defects in secondary system circuits.

[0003] Existing substation digital secondary system circuit defect location technologies suffer from two main problems: first, defects cannot be quickly synchronized across various systems, hindering effective guidance for personnel during defect elimination; second, they cannot rapidly provide current defect handling recommendations based on defect case studies, presenting them in a three-dimensional, visual manner to effectively assist maintenance personnel, thus hindering the improvement of secondary system circuit defect handling efficiency. Furthermore, existing defect location technologies are essentially remedial methods after a fault occurs, only able to narrow the scope of the accident and reduce its severity, but unable to effectively detect and prevent faults before they occur, posing significant safety hazards to the stable operation of the power system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for finding circuit defects in substation secondary systems based on AR technology.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] A method for finding circuit defects in a substation secondary system based on AR technology includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Construct a plug-in level 3D visualization model of the entire secondary system of the substation. Based on the standardized model file generated by the full-domain digital modeling of the secondary system of the substation, perform a mapping between the 3D visualization model and the standardized model.

[0008] Step 2: Based on the digital twin service platform, perform full-domain perception of the substation secondary system circuits, acquire full-element data of the secondary system circuits, and combine the mapping relationship between the 3D visualization model and the standardized model to perform 3D real-time localization of defects in the substation secondary system circuits.

[0009] Step 3: The AR-based operation and maintenance assistance system synchronizes the real-time three-dimensional location information of the secondary system circuit defects in the substation, and uses the AR terminal APP to overlay the three-dimensional guidance path of the secondary system circuit defects with the real site to assist in the on-site search of the secondary system circuit defects in the substation.

[0010] Preferably, in step 1, based on the BIM 3D visualization model generated during the engineering 3D design process, combined with equipment image data, digital delivery documents, and scene real-scene video information, 3DS MAX is used to perform plug-in-level fine modeling and rendering of secondary system equipment and circuit cables, and the fine model is integrated with the BIM 3D visualization model to obtain a plug-in-level substation secondary system full circuit 3D visualization model.

[0011] Preferably, the plug-in level substation secondary system full circuit three-dimensional visualization model is refined to the panel body and panel header of the cabinet; the hard pressure plate identification and hard pressure plate type of the hard pressure plate; the optical cable, tail cable, fiber core, jumper fiber, cable, optical cable trough, and cable trough in the circuit; and the terminal block identification and terminal type of the terminal block.

[0012] Preferably, in step 1, a three-dimensional visualization model of the wiring inside the cabinet, the optical cable trough, the cable trough, and the cables outside the cabinet is established through layered modeling of the cable trench, specifically as follows:

[0013] Establish cable trench models and cable support models that match the actual engineering situation. Based on the principle of cable layering and trenching, cable arrangement, cable laying rules and cable list, define cable paths and cable start and end points in the 3D scene, generate 3D visualization models of the wiring of devices inside the cabinet, optical cable troughs, cable troughs and cables outside the cabinet that match the actual situation, and realize the visualization of the wiring of devices inside the cabinet, optical cable troughs, cable troughs and cables outside the cabinet through electrostatic floor perspective processing and 3D cable display.

[0014] Preferably, in step 1, based on the standardized model file generated by the full-domain digital modeling of the substation secondary circuit, the corresponding interface attribute information of the three-dimensional visualization model is generated, including attribute information of the three dimensions of cabinet, device and wiring, so as to realize the information interaction between the three-dimensional visualization model and the digital model. The relationship mapping between the three-dimensional visualization model and the digital model is carried out by uniquely identifying the standardized model and defining the configuration file format of the three-dimensional visualization model.

[0015] Preferably, the standardized model files include a smart substation system configuration SCD file and a substation secondary circuit model SDD file; the SCD file contains information on secondary intelligent devices within the station, equipment process layer and bay layer information, and virtual circuit connection relationships between devices; the SDD file describes multi-dimensional modeling information of the substation secondary circuit, including substation modeling, cabinet modeling, secondary equipment modeling, cabinet internal material and connection line modeling, and cable modeling information between cabinets.

[0016] Preferably, a unique identifier IEDName is set for the standardized model. The format of the 3D visualization model configuration file is defined as follows: the 3D equipment, components, cables and terminal monitoring point models of the substation secondary system circuit are named according to the principle of uniqueness, and associated with the unique identifier IEDName in the corresponding standardized model file and the name of the component, cable and terminal based on the SDD file, so as to realize the relationship mapping between the 3D visualization model and the digital model.

[0017] Preferably, in step 2, the digital twin service platform performs real-time data acquisition, information aggregation, and edge computing based on the IEC104 communication protocol. It obtains secondary full-loop monitoring defect report information generated by the plant through E-file format communication of the forward and reverse isolation device. The real-time acquired operating data, aggregated information, and edge computing data together with the secondary full-loop monitoring defect report information constitute the full-element data of the secondary system loop.

[0018] The digital twin service platform achieves real-time consistency between the status of secondary system circuit cables and internal devices in the 3D visualization model and the actual substation operation status through data services and 3D rendering services. It also integrates and analyzes all elements of the secondary system circuit data to obtain a standardized model of defects, obtains the unique identifier IEDName in the standardized model of the defect, and combines the mapping relationship between the 3D visualization model and the standardized model to realize the location of the substation secondary system circuit defects in 3D space, as well as the display of the circuit's real-time status and alarm information.

[0019] Preferably, the digital twin service platform obtains a standardized model of defects by fusing and analyzing all elements of the secondary system loop data as follows:

[0020] (1) Digital design of substation secondary full circuit twin model based on SDD and SCD;

[0021] (2) Based on the twin model of the secondary full circuit of the substation, the secondary full circuit room, cabinet, device, and secondary system circuit are visualized by layer and object and linked to real-time alarm information.

[0022] (3) Analyze the secondary full-loop monitoring defect report to obtain the associated information of the defect interval, loop and equipment;

[0023] (4) Use video inspection and image recognition technology to perceive and inspect the status of the secondary protection cabinet and control cabinet, and identify whether there are defects in the status of the equipment associated with the secondary system circuit.

[0024] (5) Combine the information obtained from (2)-(4) with the knowledge base of secondary system loop faults to generate a defect standardization model corresponding to the fused information.

[0025] Preferably, the digital twin service platform includes:

[0026] The edge gateway service module is used to acquire full-element data of the secondary system loop based on standard protocol communication and E-file communication;

[0027] The data processing algorithm service module and plugins are used to perform correlation, noise reduction, cleaning and comprehensive analysis on the acquired data to obtain a standardized model of defects.

[0028] The data service module is used to ensure that the acquired data is consistent with the actual operating status of the substation in real time.

[0029] The 3D rendering service module is used to ensure that the status of secondary system circuit cables and internal devices in the 3D visualization model is consistent with the actual operating status of the substation in real time.

[0030] The computation task module is used for distributed task computation based on the Elastic-Job task scheduling framework.

[0031] The backend service development module is used to develop microservice applications based on a microservice framework.

[0032] Preferably, in step 3, a three-dimensional guidance path for secondary system circuit defects is overlaid with the actual site using an AR mobile terminal APP to assist in the on-site location of secondary system circuit defects in the substation. Specifically, this includes:

[0033] After entering the APP task interface, the three-dimensional guidance path for locating secondary circuit defects is overlaid and displayed in the real environment. During the operation and maintenance process, the three-dimensional scene can be roamed and interacted with through voice commands to view all-round information and coordinates, and to obtain the spatial location of the defect and the circuit interval information.

[0034] Preferably, the AR mobile terminal APP is also used to perform a 3D pre-drill of the loop defect handling method suggestions and handling process based on defect content provided by the digital twin service platform.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this invention are compared with those of the prior art:

[0036] This invention constructs a three-dimensional visualization model of the entire secondary system circuit of a substation as a display carrier. Based on the full-domain digital modeling of the substation secondary circuit, it achieves the relationship mapping and information interaction between the three-dimensional visualization model and the model configuration file through effective unified management of the digital model, setting unique identifiers and descriptions, and defining the format of the three-dimensional visualization model configuration file. Specifically, it uses the digital delivery documents from the substation design phase to model the cables and optical cables of the secondary circuit, avoiding the need to take videos and photos after the cables and optical cables are laid during the substation construction phase before modeling. It further clarifies the granularity of modeling, the specific content of model refinement, and the refined modeling method of layering and trenching based on the design delivery data, so as to achieve subsequent refined full-domain defect finding. The standardized model file used references the substation secondary circuit SDD file and includes the attribute information of the cabinet, thereby realizing the full-domain relationship mapping of the substation secondary system circuit.

[0037] This invention comprehensively utilizes technologies such as digital twin data acquisition, data processing algorithms, and computational tasks to achieve full-domain status awareness of substation secondary system circuits. Through data services and 3D rendering services, and based on intelligent analysis of all-element data and a standardized defect model generated by the fusion of multiple information sources, it achieves accurate judgment and precise spatial location of secondary system circuit defects. Furthermore, this invention leverages augmented reality (AR) and visualization technologies to achieve real-time synchronization of substation secondary system circuit defect location information, based on multi-dimensional data fusion analysis, onto an AR-based operation and maintenance support system. Through AR glasses and other mobile terminal apps, it provides 3D location guidance for secondary circuit defects and enables real-time visualization. The system overlays and displays information such as defect handling suggestions in a three-dimensional visualization, providing effective assistance to maintenance personnel. The 3D pre-visualization of substation secondary system circuit defect handling processes provided by the mobile app allows for accurate defect handling tasks without requiring extensive professional skills from on-site maintenance personnel. This reduces on-site substation maintenance costs and fills the gaps in 3D visualization model configuration, interaction, and display in the field of substation secondary systems. It achieves a truly digital application of multi-faceted "human-machine-object" interaction, improving the speed and accuracy of defect detection and handling in substation secondary system circuits, and enhancing the safety and stability of substation operation.

[0038] This invention, based on AR and IoT technologies, provides defect handling method suggestions and 3D pre-simulation of the handling process, which are generated by the twin service platform based on the defect content and distributed to the AR mobile app. Compared with existing standard operating procedures of AR, it has the advantages of closer integration with field operations and greater practicality. It eliminates the need for large-scale modification, upgrades, and sensor installation of the substation's secondary system, resulting in low cost, wide applicability, and strong scalability. It solves the problem that the static graphics-based secondary system circuit design and the manual-based decentralized operation and maintenance mode make it difficult to further improve the operation and maintenance quality and efficiency to meet the operation and maintenance needs brought about by secondary system circuit defects. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for finding circuit defects in a substation secondary system based on AR technology, according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This invention provides a field auxiliary application process for a method for finding circuit defects in a substation secondary system based on AR technology. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this invention. The embodiments described in this application are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the spirit of this invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this invention.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a method for finding circuit defects in a substation secondary system based on AR technology. In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of this invention, the method includes the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Construct a plug-in level three-dimensional visualization model of the entire circuit of the substation secondary system. Based on the standardized model file generated by the full-domain digital modeling of the substation secondary circuit, perform a relationship mapping between the three-dimensional visualization model and the standardized model to realize the relationship mapping between the three-dimensional appearance model and the information model.

[0044] Step 1.1: Construct a plug-in level three-dimensional visualization model of the entire circuit of the substation secondary system;

[0045] More preferably, step 1.1 establishes a complete 3D visualization model of the primary and secondary equipment objects in the substation, with modeling accuracy down to the plug-in level and modeling scope refined to include cabinets, panels, plug-ins, ports, cables, etc.; for cabinets, this includes the cabinet body and panel header; for hard pressure plates, this includes hard pressure plate markings and hard pressure plate types; for cables, this includes optical cables, pigtail cables, fiber cores, jumpers, and electrical cables; and for terminal blocks, this includes terminal block markings and terminal types. The focus is on breakthroughs in the 3D modeling of wiring within cabinets and optical cable troughs, electrical cable troughs, and cables outside the cabinets, generating a 1:1 scale 3D virtual scene recreated from the actual substation.

[0046] This involves establishing a comprehensive 3D visualization model for primary and secondary equipment in the substation. Specifically, it is based on the BIM (Building Information Modeling) 3D visualization model generated during the engineering 3D design process, and uses 3DS MAX (3D Studio Max) software to perform detailed modeling and rendering of secondary system equipment and circuit cables based on multi-source information such as equipment image data, digital delivery documents, and scene real-scene videos. This model is then integrated with the BIM model for visualization display.

[0047] The wiring of devices inside the cabinet and the three-dimensional visualization models of optical cable troughs, cable troughs and cables outside the cabinet are established through layered modeling of cable trenches. The layered modeling of cable trenches first requires the accurate establishment of a cable trench model and a cable support model installed in the trench that conforms to the actual engineering. Based on the principle of cable layering and trenching, cable arrangement, cable laying rules and cable list, the cable path and cable start and end point are defined in the three-dimensional scene to generate a three-dimensional cable model that conforms to the actual situation. This is an important part of the research object of this invention. The device wiring and the visualization of optical cable troughs, cable troughs and cables outside the cabinet are realized through technologies such as perspective processing of the protective indoor anti-static floor and large-scale three-dimensional cable display.

[0048] Step 1.2: Based on the standardized model file generated by the full-domain digital modeling of the substation secondary circuit, perform a mapping between the 3D visualization model and the standardized model;

[0049] More preferably, step 1.2 generates standardized model files based on the full-domain digital modeling of the substation secondary circuit, and generates interface attribute information for the three-dimensional visualization model of the devices in the substation secondary cabinet and the status lights, terminal blocks, hard pressure plates and other components on the devices, including attribute information in three dimensions: cabinet, device and wiring. Through effective unified management of the digital model, setting unique identification and description and defining the three-dimensional visualization model configuration file format, the relationship mapping and information interaction between the three-dimensional visualization model and the digital model can be realized.

[0050] The standardized model file includes the intelligent substation system configuration SCD file, which contains information on secondary intelligent devices within the station, equipment process layer and bay layer information, and virtual loop connection relationships between devices;

[0051] It also includes the substation secondary circuit model SDD file, which describes the multi-dimensional modeling information of the substation secondary circuit, including substation modeling, cabinet modeling, secondary equipment modeling, cabinet internal material and connection line modeling, and cable modeling between cabinets.

[0052] The format definition of the 3D visualization model configuration file includes:

[0053] The naming of monitoring point models for 3D equipment, components, cables, and terminals in the secondary system circuit of the substation should follow the principle of uniqueness. A unique English name should be defined for all 3D equipment, components, cables, and terminals monitoring point models and associated with the real-time status setting method type. The status setting methods of the 3D visualization model during visualization presentation include, but are not limited to, model movement, rotation, animation playback, showing / hiding, and material replacement.

[0054] The configuration file format definition should associate the unique names of monitoring points such as equipment, components, cables and terminals in the 3D visualization model with the corresponding unique attribute IEDName in the standardized model file and the name of the component, cable and terminal based on the SDD file, so as to realize the relationship mapping between the 3D visualization model and the standardized model.

[0055] Step 2: Based on the digital twin service platform, perform full-domain perception of the substation secondary system circuits, acquire full-element data of the secondary system circuits, and combine the mapping relationship between the 3D visualization model and the standardized model to perform 3D real-time localization of defects in the substation secondary system circuits.

[0056] Step 2.1: Based on the digital twin service platform, perform full-domain perception of the substation secondary system circuits and obtain full-element data of the secondary system circuits;

[0057] Develop a digital twin service platform for full-domain perception of substation secondary system circuits. Based on the IEC104 communication protocol, it realizes real-time acquisition, information aggregation and edge computing of operating data of protection, safety and automation, DC power supply and other devices. Based on the E-file format communication of the forward and reverse isolation device, it collects intelligent waveform recorder at the substation end and generates secondary full-circuit monitoring defect report information based on intelligent operation and maintenance files, providing data support for three-dimensional real-time location display of substation secondary system circuit defects.

[0058] The digital twin service platform includes:

[0059] The edge gateway service module is used to collect data and file information based on various communication methods such as standard protocol communication and E-file communication, realize the full-element data access of the substation station-side operation and maintenance system, obtain full-element data of secondary system circuits, including secondary full circuit monitoring defect report information, real-time collection of operation data, information aggregation and edge computing;

[0060] The data processing algorithm service module and plugins are used to perform correlation, noise reduction, cleaning, and comprehensive analysis on the acquired data to obtain a standardized defect model and realize defect localization. Specifically, after the data is accessed by the platform, it can be processed in real time through the configuration object model's calculation service, or it can be processed on a scheduled basis through scheduled tasks. It includes some commonly used data processing algorithms (such as variance, standard deviation, C95, C99, etc.) and also provides extension interfaces in Java scripts and JavaScript. For more complex algorithms, data processing algorithms can also be developed through plugins to process the accessed data.

[0061] The data service module is used to ensure that the data acquired by the digital twin front end is consistent with the actual operating status of the substation in real time.

[0062] The 3D rendering service module is used to ensure that the status of secondary system circuit cables and internal devices in the 3D visualization model is consistent with the actual substation operating status in real time, such as cable continuity and control circuit disconnection.

[0063] Computation Task Module: After data is integrated into the platform, there will be scheduled processing requirements, such as daily, monthly, and yearly statistics. The digital twin service provides distributed task functionality based on the Elastic-Job task scheduling framework, which can be used to develop specific scheduled data processing tasks to meet application needs.

[0064] Backend service development module: The digital twin service platform is developed based on a microservice framework. Business applications require a backend microservice module development layer, which is then integrated into the microservice framework. The platform provides a series of common service modules (such as logs, API documentation, and data sources) and database table-based code generation tools, facilitating the rapid development of microservice applications.

[0065] The full-element data of the secondary system circuit includes secondary equipment status, secondary virtual and physical circuits, process layer network, cabinet and pressure plate status, mechanism trip and close coils, local control cabinet and other secondary system circuit data information.

[0066] Step 2.2: Based on the mapping relationship between the 3D visualization model and the standardized model, as well as the full-element data of the secondary system circuit, perform 3D real-time localization of defects in the substation's secondary system circuit.

[0067] This project develops a 3D real-time fault location application for substation secondary system circuits. Based on intelligent waveform recorders and online intelligent inspection systems, corresponding inspection strategies are formulated to achieve full-domain status perception of all elements of the secondary system circuits through a digital twin sensing layer. Based on data services and 3D rendering services, the 3D visualization model of the secondary system circuit cables and internal devices is made to match the actual substation operating status in real time. After fusing and processing the perceived multi-dimensional data, the unique IED attribute and signal in the digital model of the defect are obtained. The 3D visualization scene, based on a configured mapping relationship, enables precise spatial location of substation secondary system circuit faults, real-time circuit status display, and alarm information display.

[0068] The digital twin service platform obtains a standardized model of defects by fusing and analyzing all elements of the secondary system loop data as follows:

[0069] (1) Realize the twin model of the secondary full circuit of the substation based on the SDD and SCD digital design models;

[0070] (2) Based on the twin model of the secondary full circuit of the substation, the secondary full circuit room, cabinet, device, and secondary system circuit are visualized and linked to the real-time alarm information of the data.

[0071] (3) Analyze the secondary full-circuit monitoring defect reports obtained from the plant terminal to obtain the associated information of the defect interval, circuit and equipment;

[0072] (4) Use video inspection and image recognition technology to perceive and inspect the status of the secondary protection cabinet and control cabinet, and identify whether there are defects in the status of the equipment associated with the secondary system circuit.

[0073] Video inspection and image recognition technology are used to sense the status inside the secondary protection cabinet and control cabinet. The video of the mini high-definition camera is used to acquire and identify whether the terminal block cables inside the cabinet are damaged, whether they are on fire, or whether there are small animals, etc., and to inspect whether there are defects in the status of the secondary system circuit related equipment.

[0074] (5) Integrate various information such as real-time alarms, defect report analysis and video inspection results, and combine them with the secondary system circuit fault knowledge base to generate a defect standardization model corresponding to the integrated information, which serves as the basis for finding secondary circuit defects in twin system substations.

[0075] Step 3: The AR-based operation and maintenance assistance system synchronizes the real-time three-dimensional location information of the secondary system circuit defects in the substation, and uses the AR terminal APP to overlay the three-dimensional guidance path of the secondary system circuit defects with the real site to assist in the on-site search of the secondary system circuit defects in the substation.

[0076] Step 3.1: Using AR augmented reality technology and visualization technology, the output information of the application for real-time location of circuit defects in the substation secondary system is synchronized in real time on the AR-based operation and maintenance auxiliary system.

[0077] The AR-based operation and maintenance assistance system is an application built on a digital twin service platform for on-site personnel to use AR smart terminals to assist in the location and handling of circuit defects in the secondary system of substations. By acquiring the platform's three-dimensional visualization model and reading the platform's real-time data information, the system can achieve real-time synchronization of the location output results of circuit defects in the secondary system of substations.

[0078] Step 3.2: Using AR glasses and other mobile terminal APP functions, the three-dimensional guidance path for locating secondary circuit defects is overlaid with the actual site, and information such as defect handling suggestions is presented to the operation and maintenance personnel in a three-dimensional visualization. The operation and maintenance personnel can quickly handle defects on site according to the three-dimensional guidance path and defect handling suggestions, which improves the speed and accuracy of finding and handling secondary system circuit defects in substations.

[0079] The mobile terminal APP functions include:

[0080] The mobile app supports use on AR smart glasses with Android applications, as well as on Android phones and tablets.

[0081] User login for mobile terminal APP refers to the function of logging in after opening the APP. After entering the username and password, the user connects to the platform server and enters the APP's application interface.

[0082] The three-dimensional path guidance for defect location in the mobile terminal APP refers to the superimposed display of the three-dimensional guidance path for locating secondary loop defects in the real environment after entering the APP task interface. During operation and maintenance, the three-dimensional scene can be roamed and interacted with through voice commands, and all-round information and coordinates can be viewed to obtain the precise spatial location and loop interval information of the defect.

[0083] The suggestions for handling defects in mobile terminal apps include suggestions for handling loop defects and a three-dimensional simulation of the handling process.

[0084] like Figure 2 As shown, the field application process of the substation secondary system circuit defect finding method in this invention includes the following steps:

[0085] Step 1: After successfully logging in and obtaining the corresponding permissions, the on-site maintenance personnel of the substation's secondary equipment wearing AR smart glasses can enter the maintenance task.

[0086] Step 2: Send a task information request to the backend server via the dedicated on-site wireless network;

[0087] Step 3: After confirming the task, the backend server matches the 3D scene model (3D visualization model) and defect location path according to the task information.

[0088] Step 4: After a successful match, perform a glasses status retrieval query based on the requested AR smart glasses device code;

[0089] Step 5: After receiving a normal signal from the glasses network, return information such as the 3D scene model and positioning path to the glasses device that called the recognition command.

[0090] Step 6: On-site maintenance personnel interact with the 3D scene model in the AR glasses and obtain positioning path guidance for different locations as needed.

[0091] Step 7: Push the defect handling suggestions needed by the on-site maintenance personnel to the glasses for 3D visualization overlay display in the on-site environment to guide the maintenance personnel in the defect maintenance workflow.

[0092] A terminal includes a processor and a storage medium; the storage medium is used to store instructions.

[0093] The processor is configured to operate according to the instructions to perform the steps according to the method.

[0094] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method.

[0095] The beneficial effects of this invention are compared with those of the prior art:

[0096] This invention constructs a three-dimensional visualization model of the entire secondary system circuit of a substation as a display carrier. Based on the full-domain digital modeling of the substation secondary circuit, it achieves the relationship mapping and information interaction between the three-dimensional visualization model and the model configuration file through effective unified management of the digital model, setting unique identifiers and descriptions, and defining the format of the three-dimensional visualization model configuration file. This invention comprehensively utilizes related technologies such as digital twin data acquisition, data processing algorithms, and computing tasks to achieve full-domain status perception of the substation secondary system circuit. Based on intelligent analysis of all-element data, it achieves accurate judgment and precise location of secondary system circuit defects. This invention utilizes AR augmented reality technology and visualization technology to realize the substation secondary system circuit defect location information based on multi-dimensional data fusion analysis in an AR-based operation and maintenance assistance system. The system achieves real-time synchronization and overlays the 3D location guidance path for secondary circuit defects onto the actual site using mobile terminals such as AR glasses. It also includes defect handling suggestions and other information presented in a 3D visual format to support maintenance personnel. The 3D pre-visualization of the substation secondary system circuit defect handling process provided by the mobile terminal APP allows for accurate defect handling without requiring extensive professional skills from on-site maintenance personnel. This reduces on-site maintenance costs and fills the gaps in 3D visualization model configuration, interaction, and display in the field of substation secondary systems. It achieves a truly digital application of multi-faceted "human-machine-object" interaction, improving the speed and accuracy of defect detection and handling in substation secondary system circuits, and enhancing the safety and stability of substation operation.

[0097] This invention is based on AR and IoT technologies. It eliminates the need for large-scale modifications, upgrades, and sensor installations in the secondary systems of substations. It is low-cost, widely applicable, and highly adaptable. It solves the problem that the static graphical secondary system circuit design and the manual, decentralized operation and maintenance model make it difficult to further improve the quality and efficiency of operation and maintenance to meet the maintenance needs caused by defects in the secondary system circuits.

[0098] This disclosure can be a system, method, and / or computer program product. A computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions loaded thereon for causing a processor to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0099] Computer-readable storage media can be tangible devices capable of holding and storing instructions for use by an instruction execution device. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example—but not limited to—electrical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, electromagnetic storage devices, semiconductor storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital multifunction disc (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical encoding devices, such as punch cards or recessed protrusions storing instructions thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. The computer-readable storage media used herein are not to be construed as transient signals themselves, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through waveguides or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses through fiber optic cables), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

[0100] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from computer-readable storage media to various computing / processing devices, or downloaded via a network, such as the Internet, local area network, wide area network, and / or wireless network, to an external computer or external storage device. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards them to the computer-readable storage media in the respective computing / processing device.

[0101] Computer program instructions used to perform the operations of this disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, status setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry, such as programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or programmable logic arrays (PLAs), is personalized by utilizing the status information of the computer-readable program instructions to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for locating circuit defects in a substation secondary system based on AR technology, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct a plug-in level 3D visualization model of the entire secondary system of the substation. Based on the standardized model file generated by the full-domain digital modeling of the secondary system of the substation, perform a mapping between the 3D visualization model and the standardized model. Step 2: Based on the digital twin service platform, perform full-domain perception of the substation secondary system circuits, acquire full-element data of the secondary system circuits, and combine the mapping relationship between the 3D visualization model and the standardized model to perform 3D real-time localization of defects in the substation secondary system circuits. The digital twin service platform is based on the IEC104 communication protocol to collect operational data in real time, summarize information and perform edge computing. It obtains secondary full-circuit monitoring defect report information generated by the plant through E-file format communication of the forward and reverse isolation device. The real-time collected operational data, summarized information and edge computing data together with the secondary full-circuit monitoring defect report information constitute the full-element data of the secondary system circuit. The digital twin service platform achieves real-time consistency between the status of secondary system circuit cables and internal devices in the 3D visualization model and the actual substation operation status through data services and 3D rendering services. It also integrates and analyzes all elements of the secondary system circuit data to obtain a standardized model of defects, obtains the unique identifier IEDName in the standardized model of defects, and combines the mapping relationship between the 3D visualization model and the standardized model to realize the location of substation secondary system circuit defects in 3D space, as well as the display of circuit real-time status and alarm information. Step 3: The AR-based operation and maintenance assistance system synchronizes the real-time three-dimensional location information of the secondary system circuit defects in the substation, and uses the AR terminal APP to overlay the three-dimensional guidance path of the secondary system circuit defects with the real site to assist in the on-site search of the secondary system circuit defects in the substation.

2. The method for finding circuit defects in a substation secondary system based on AR technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, based on the BIM 3D visualization model generated during the engineering 3D design process, and combined with equipment image data, digital delivery documents, and scene real-scene video information, 3DS MAX is used to perform plug-in-level fine modeling and rendering of secondary system equipment and circuit cables. The fine model is then integrated with the BIM 3D visualization model to obtain a plug-in-level full circuit 3D visualization model of the substation secondary system.

3. The method for finding circuit defects in a substation secondary system based on AR technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plug-in level substation secondary system full circuit three-dimensional visualization model is refined to the panel body and panel header of the cabinet; the hard pressure plate identification and hard pressure plate type of the hard pressure plate; the optical cable, tail cable, fiber core, jumper fiber, cable, optical cable trough, cable trough in the circuit; and the terminal block identification and terminal type of the terminal block.

4. The method for finding circuit defects in a substation secondary system based on AR technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 1, a three-dimensional visualization model of the wiring inside the cabinet, the optical cable trough, the cable trough, and the cables outside the cabinet is established using a layered modeling method for the cable trench. Specifically: Establish cable trench models and cable support models that match the actual engineering situation. Based on the principle of cable layering and trenching, cable arrangement, cable laying rules and cable list, define cable paths and cable start and end points in the 3D scene, generate 3D visualization models of the wiring of devices inside the cabinet, optical cable troughs, cable troughs and cables outside the cabinet that match the actual situation, and realize the visualization of the wiring of devices inside the cabinet, optical cable troughs, cable troughs and cables outside the cabinet through electrostatic floor perspective processing and 3D cable display.

5. The method for finding circuit defects in a substation secondary system based on AR technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, based on the standardized model file generated by the full-domain digital modeling of the substation secondary circuit, the corresponding interface attribute information of the three-dimensional visualization model is generated, including attribute information of the three dimensions of cabinet, device and wiring, so as to realize the information interaction between the three-dimensional visualization model and the digital model. The relationship mapping between the three-dimensional visualization model and the digital model is carried out by uniquely identifying the standardized model and defining the configuration file format of the three-dimensional visualization model.

6. The method for finding circuit defects in a substation secondary system based on AR technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The standardized model files include the Smart Substation System Configuration (SCD) file and the Substation Secondary Circuit Model (SDD) file. The SCD file contains information on secondary intelligent devices within the station, equipment process layer and bay layer information, and virtual circuit connection relationships between devices. The SDD file describes multi-dimensional modeling information of the substation secondary circuit, including substation modeling, cabinet modeling, secondary equipment modeling, cabinet internal material and connection line modeling, and cable modeling information between cabinets.

7. The method for finding circuit defects in a substation secondary system based on AR technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: A unique identifier IEDName is set for the standardized model. The format of the 3D visualization model configuration file is defined as follows: the 3D equipment, components, cables and terminal monitoring point models of the substation secondary system circuit are named according to the principle of uniqueness, and associated with the unique identifier IEDName in the corresponding standardized model file and the name of the component, cable and terminal based on the SDD file, so as to realize the relationship mapping between the 3D visualization model and the digital model.

8. The method for finding circuit defects in a substation secondary system based on AR technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital twin service platform obtains a standardized model of defects by fusing and analyzing all elements of the secondary system loop data as follows: (1) Digital design of substation secondary full circuit twin model based on SDD and SCD; (2) Based on the twin model of the secondary full circuit of the substation, the secondary full circuit room, cabinet, device, and secondary system circuit are visualized by layer and object and linked to real-time alarm information. (3) Analyze the secondary full-loop monitoring defect report to obtain the associated information of the defect interval, loop and equipment; (4) Use video inspection and image recognition technology to perceive and inspect the status of the secondary protection cabinet and control cabinet, and identify whether there are defects in the status of the equipment associated with the secondary system circuit. (5) Combine the information obtained from (2)-(4) with the knowledge base of secondary system loop faults to generate a defect standardization model corresponding to the fused information.

9. The method for finding circuit defects in a substation secondary system based on AR technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital twin service platform includes: The edge gateway service module is used to acquire full-element data of the secondary system loop based on standard protocol communication and E-file communication; The data processing algorithm service module and plugins are used to perform correlation, noise reduction, cleaning and comprehensive analysis on the acquired data to obtain a standardized model of defects. The data service module is used to ensure that the acquired data is consistent with the actual operating status of the substation in real time. The 3D rendering service module is used to ensure that the status of secondary system circuit cables and internal devices in the 3D visualization model is consistent with the actual operating status of the substation in real time. The computation task module is used for distributed task computation based on the Elastic-Job task scheduling framework. The backend service development module is used to develop microservice applications based on a microservice framework.

10. The method for finding circuit defects in a substation secondary system based on AR technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, a 3D guided path for secondary system circuit defects is overlaid with the actual site using an AR mobile terminal APP to assist in the on-site location of secondary system circuit defects in the substation. Specifically, this includes: After entering the APP task interface, the three-dimensional guidance path for locating secondary circuit defects is overlaid and displayed in the real environment. During the operation and maintenance process, the three-dimensional scene can be roamed and interacted with through voice commands to view all-round information and coordinates, and to obtain the spatial location of the defect and the circuit interval information.

11. The method for finding circuit defects in a substation secondary system based on AR technology according to claim 10, characterized in that: The AR mobile terminal APP is also used to perform 3D pre-visualization of the loop defect handling method suggestions and handling process based on defect content provided by the digital twin service platform.

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